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Technology and Livelihood Education

Industrial Arts
Electrical Installation
and Maintenance
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Interpreting Diagrams with Switches

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Electrical Installation and Maintenance – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Interpreting Diagrams with Switches
First Edition, 2020

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over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Norwin L. Millares

Michael F. Villalon, PhD.
Editors: Carina A. Ortiz Luis, PhD.
Mercedes G. Dimol
Lorelina G. Morera
Reviewers: Helen N. Flora, EPS, TLE/TVL
Ma. Nimfa R. Gabertan, EPS, English
Liberato T. Barsaba, PSDS
Illustrators: Ryan R. Ricablanca
Cid Eduardo A. Equibal Jr.
Layout Artists: Ryan R. Ricablanca
Ferdinand A. Payawal
Management Team:
Jenilyn Rose B. Corpuz, CESO VI, ASDS, In-Charge
Fredie V. Avendaño, ASDS
Juan C. Obierna, Chief, CID
Heidee F. Ferrer, Education Program Supervisor-LRMS
Helen Flora, Education Program Supervisor, TLE

Printed in the Philippines by the Schools Division Office, Quezon City

Department of Education – National Capital Region

Office Address: Nueva Ecija St., Bago Bantay, Quezon City

Telefax: 3456-0343
Telephone: 8352-6806/6809
E-mail Address: sdoqcactioncenter@gmail.com

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
Interpret Diagrams with Switches. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

• Lesson 1: SPST Switch
• Lesson 2: Three-way Switch
• Lesson 3: Four-way Switch

MELC’s Code: TLE_IAEI10WD-Ia-IIj-1.1.3.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify different types of switches;
2. differentiate application of switches;
3. determine how each type of switches is used;
4. draw schematic diagrams using types of switches;
5. perform basic interpretations of electrical diagram; and
6. show awareness of the importance of observing safety in all electrical practices
through electrical diagram.

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 What I Know

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. This switch is used to control 1 load in 2 separate locations -

A. SPST switch C. 3-way switch
B. 2-gang switch D. 4-way switch

2. What switch in used to make it possible to control a load in 3 or more

locations?
A. SPST switch C. 3-way switch
B. 3-gang switch D. 4-way switch

3. What switch is used to control 3 bulbs individually in one location?

A. SPST switch C. 3-way switch
B. 3-gang switch D. 4-way switch

4. When installed, the highest position of switch from the floor allowed by
PEC is ____.
A. 1800 mm C. 1980 mm
B. 1920 mm D. 2000 mm

5. To control a load in 3 locations, what switches do we need?

A. one SPST and two 4-way C. two SPST and two 3-way
B. one 4-way and two 3-way D. two 4-way and one 3-way

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 Module Interpreting Diagrams with
3 Switches

This lesson contains information and suggested learning activities in Electrical

Installation and Maintenance. It covers the Common Switches used in electrical
wiring installation.

What’s In

Welcome to the world of Electrical Installation and Maintenance! In this

lesson, you will be guided in Interpreting Diagrams and Switches. Also, we will
explore the different types of switches used in house wiring installation and the
proper application and connection of this electrical device into the circuit.

Notes to the Learner

After completing this lesson, report your achievement to your
teacher for assessment of the knowledge and skills acquired in
this activity. If you pass the assessment, you can proceed to the
next module.

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 Lesson
Single Pole Single Throw (SPST) Switch
1

A switch is an electrical device used basically for controlling the current flow within
the circuit. It is operated manually to turn ON (close) and turn OFF (open) a load
such as lighting devices we have in our home.

Classification of Switches

• Surface type. This type of switch is

installed above the surface of walls. It is
used in exposed or surface type wiring
method.

Pic. 1 – Surface Type Switch

• Flush type. This type of switch is installed within (imbedded) a wall and is
used in flush or concealed type wiring method.

Pic. 2 – Concealed/Flush Type Switch with Gang Plates

The commonly used type of switch in house wiring installation is the single pole
single throw or SPST switch. Consisting of both surface and concealed type, this
switch is so useful in controlling (turn ON and OFF) one or more lighting loads,
depending upon every possible need, in one location.

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SPST Switch Connection S
This type of switch consists of two
common terminals. Wires coming
from the power source and the
wire coming from the load can be
connected to these terminals
inter-changeably without affecting
the circuit. Pic. 3 – Wire Connection to Terminals

Pic. 4 – Switch Connection

2-Gang Switch Connection S2

This consists of two SPST switches
in a 2-gang plate. This is used to
control two loads (load A and load B)
individually in one location.

Pic. 5 – 2-Gang Switch Connection

3-Gang Switch Connection S3

This consists of three SPST switches
in a 3-gang plate. This is used to
control three separate loads (load A,
load B, and load C) in one location.

Pic. 6 – 3-Gang Switch Connection

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 Lesson
Three-Way Switch
2
Have you ever wondered how the light above a
stairway is turned off, if there is only one switch
(either at the top or bottom part of the stairway)
that controls the lighting fixture? See Pic. 6.
This is where you need a 3-way switch to solve
your problem. 3-way switch are commonly
installed for convenience and security purposes.

Pic. 6

3-Way Switch Connection S3W

3-way switch is a single pole double throw switch (SPDT switch) used to control a
load in two separate locations. 3-way switch looks almost exactly like an SPST switch
but differs in two things.

• Unlike SPST switch, 3-way switch does not have an ON indicator

• SPST switch has two common terminals, while 3-way switch has three
terminals marked 0, 1, and 3.

Pic. 7 – 3-Way Switch and SPST Switch Respectively

You will notice that the back of SPST switch
does not have number indicator on its
terminals. This means that you can connect
wires (Line 1 and wire to Load) inter-
changeably. But not so in 3-way switch. It
consists of three terminals marked by numbers
0, 1, and 3. To control a load in two separate
locations, just like in a stairway and hallways,
you need two pieces of 3-way switches. Traveler
wires for terminals 1 and 3 can be connected
inter-changeably but never on the 0 terminal.
Pic. 8 – Back Part of 3-way Switch and SPST Switch

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 Pic 9 – 3-Way Switch Diagram

Lesson
Four- Way Switch
3
Normally, we control a lighting fixture by a switch in one location. In our previous
lesson, we learned that we could control one lighting fixture in two separate locations
by using a 3-way switch. Now, we will look at a way to control one lighting fixture in
three separate locations by using three separate switches. This is very useful in
controlling lights on some stairways on different floors, or a light from garage that
can be controlled in three separate areas of the house.

To make this possible, we need two types of switches. We need two 3-way
switches and one 4-way switch.

Switch Comparison
On the front face of SPST switch, 3-way
switch, and 4-way switch, you will notice that
they all look almost the same and can be flipped
up and down. But when you look at the back,
you will notice that they all differ in their
terminals. SPST switch has two common
terminals; 3-way switch has terminals marked
as 0, 1, and 3; 4-way switch has terminals with
markings of 1, 2, 3, and 4.

Pic. 10. Back of Switches

Looking inside the switches, you will see
mechanical components that move when the
switch is flipped up and down as shown in
Table 1.

Table 1
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4-way switch has a clever design when it comes to its mechanical component inside.
When the switch is flipped, it crosses its track to change the direction of the flow of
current. These two tracks do not touch, they are kept completely separated. By
crossing its track to change the direction, we can therefore divert electric current and
we can make or break the circuit.

4-Way Switch Connection S4W

Pic. 11. Two pieces 3-way switch and one 4-way switch.

Pic. 12 – Flip Switch Anywhere to Control the Load

Note: Always observe terminal coding on both 3-way and 4-way switches in
connecting the wire to avoid improper wiring installation.

PEC 4.4.1.8 (a)

All switches shall be located so that they may be operated from a readily accessible
place. They shall be installed such that the center of the grip of the operating handle
of the switch, when in its highest position, is not more than 1980 mm above the
floor or working platform.

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 What’s More

1.1 Self-check
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answers. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. This switch is composed of two SPST switches on a gang plate.
A. 2-gang plate C. Double switch
B. 2-gang switch D. Dual switch

2. A switch that can control one or more loads in one location.

A. Common switch C. SPST switch
B. Flush switch D. Surface switch

3. A switch consisting of three SPST switches on a gang plate.

A. 3-gang plate C. triple switch
B. 3-gang switch D. tri-switch

4. Type of switch that is IMBEDDED in a wall.

A. Common type switch C. SPST switch
B. Flush type switch D. Surface type switch

5. This type of switch is commonly installed ON the wall.

A. Common type switch C. SPST switch
B. Flush type switch D. Surface type switch

2.1 Self-check
Directions: Choose the letters of the correct answers. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Purpose of 3-way switch.
A. control load in 1 location C. control load in 3 locations
B. control load in 2 locations D. control load in 4 locations

2. At what terminal of 3-way switch we connect wire going to the load?

A. 0 C. 3
B. 1 D. 4

3. The 2 wires that are connected in between the 3-way switches.

A. Common wires C. Source wires
B. Load wires D. Traveler wires

4. Best application of 3-way switch.

A. Hallway C. Master’s bedroom
B. Kitchen D. Toilet

5. A switch used to control a load in 2 separate locations.

A. SPST switch C. 3-gang switch
B. 2-gang switch D. 3-way switch
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3.1 Self-check
Directions: Identify if the circuit is ON or OFF on each of the following 4-way
switch circuit diagram below. Write the answers on your answer sheet.

_________1.

_________2.

_________3.

_________4.

_________5.

What I Have Learned

Direction: Read the lessons as stated on the sentence below. Put a check for each
item to indicate that you’ve learned and understood that lesson. Write the answer
on your notebook.
1. Safety should always be observed in the study of electrical installation through
electrical diagram.
2. The different types of switch and their respective application.
3. 3-way switch is used in controlling a load in 2 locations.
4. 4-way switch is used to control a load in 3 or more locations.
5. PEC provision in installing switches.

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 What I Can Do

Directions: Based on the electrical problem and

pictorial diagram below, draw the schematic
diagram (use proper electrical symbols) for each
electrical problem. Draw your answer on a short
bond paper with borderline as shown. Submit this
Module together with your answer.

Activity No. 4

Title: Two bulbs controlled individually by two SPST

switches in one location

Activity No. 5
Title: Three bulbs (ABC) controlled individually by
three SPST (ABC) switches in one location

Activity No. 6
Title: Two bulbs (A/B) controlled individually by two
SPST switches in one location and another bulb (C)
controlled in separate location

Activity No. 7
Title: Three bulbs (ABC) controlled
individually by three SPST switches in
one location and two bulbs (DE)
controlled other location

Activity No. 8
Title: One bulb controlled in two separate
locations

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Activity No. 9
Title: Two bulbs (AB) controlled simultaneously
by one switch and another bulb (C) controlled in
two separate locations

Activity No. 10
Title: One bulb (A) controlled in three separate
locations

Assessment

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Type of switch used in a concealed wiring method.

A. floor type C. surface type
B. flush type D. wall type

2. The switch used to control 2 bulbs individually in one location -

A. dual switch C. 2 gang plate
B. SPST switch D. 2-gang switch

3. To control a load in 3 locations, what combination switches do we need?

A. one SPST and two 4-way C. two SPST and two 3-way
B. one 4-way and two 3-way D. two 4-way and one 3-way

4. When installed, what is the highest position of switch from the floor
allowed by PEC?
A. 1800 mm C. 1980 mm
B. 1920 mm D. 2000 mm
5. What switch is used to make it possible to control a load in 3 or more
locations?
A. SPST switch C. 3-way switch
B. 3-gang switch D. 4-way switch

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3.1 Self-check 2.1 Self-check 1.1 Self-check Assessment What I Know
1. ON 1. B 1. B 1. B 1. C
2. OFF 2. A 2. C 2. D 2. D
3. ON 3. D 3. B 3. D 3. B
4. ON 4. A 4. B 4. C 4. C
5. OFF 5. D 5. D 5. D 5. B
Answer Key
REFERENCES
Cabusora Jr., R. A. Technology & Livelihood Education– Grade 10 Learner’s
Material First Edition, 2014

http://www.electrical101.com/switches.html

https://topmosthardware.ph/product/firefly-surface-type-mounted-snap-
switch/?v=a25496ebf095

https://www.aliexpress.com/i/32920186126.html

https://sg.carousell.com/p/crabtree-bakelite-tumbler-light-switch-made-in-
england-%F0%9F%87%AC%F0%9F%87%A7-262183223/ -

http://ayrosohardware.com.ph/products.do?item_id=102385773

http://ayrosohardware.com.ph/products.do?item_id=102385775

https://www.omniphilippines.com.ph/product/wes-223/

http://fireflyelectric.com/product/1-gang-3-way-switch-set/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiway_switching

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiway_switching

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/594264113310000336/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYFVsUqY6zc

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