Learning Today…… Leading Tomorrow GRADE: 8

SCIENCE
APOLLO INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

` CW (2023-24)

CH –13- CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT

Q:1. Short answer questions.

1. Which particles of an atom create electric current?

Ans: When electrons moves in a continuous stream along a conductor, the conductor is said to carry an
electric current.

2. What are the gases that collect at the electrodes during the electrolysis of water with a pinch of
iodized salt dissolved in it?
Ans: During the electrolysis of water with a pinch of iodized salt dissolved in it, the following gases are
formed.
• At the anode: Oxygen and chlorine
• At the cathode: Hydrogen

3. Is hair oil a good conductor of electricity?

Ans: Oil is not a good conductor of electricity.

4. Why do we prefer to use LEDs rather than bulbs in testers?

Ans: We prefer to use testers with LEDs in place of electric bulbs because these glow even with a weak
current.

5. What are the processes for getting pure copper from its ore?
Ans: Copper pyrite is raw copper ore made up of copper and sulphur. This is processed so that impure copper
is obtained. The impure copper is made the anode. Then it is purified by electrolysis. When the electricity is
turned on, the current flows through copper sulphate solution, which is the electrolyte. At the anode, impure
copper dissolves to form copper ions, and the anode gets thinner. Copper ions move to the cathode which is a
copper strip, and deposit on it. This is pure copper. The sludge at the bottom is made up of the impurities, and
sometimes this contains silver and gold too. This process is also known as electrorefining.

6. Why are gold and silver used in an electronic circuit board?

Ans: Very expensive metals such as gold and silver to computer circuit boards because they are excellent
conductors of electricity.

Q:2. Distinguish between the following.

1. Distinguish between Electrons and protons.
Ans:

Electrons Protons

1. Electrons are the negatively charged particles in 1. Protons are the positively charged
an atom. particles in an atom.
Apollo International School/2023-2024/Grade-8/Science/Ch-13/Classwork
 2. They move around the nucleus within their own 2. They are a part of the nucleus.
shells or space, and are relatively free particles.

2. Distinguish between Conventional current and electron flow.

Ans:

Conventional current Electric current

1. This is the flow electricity from the 1. Electron current or electron flow is the flow of
positive terminal of a cell to the negative electrons from the negative terminal of a cell to the
terminal. positive terminal.

3. Distinguish between Anode and cathode.

Ans:

Anode
1. The positively charged electrode in an
electrolytic cell is called the anode.
2. Anode attracts negatively charged ions
such as anions.
Cathode
1. The negatively charged electrode in an
electrolytic cell is called the cathode.
2. Cathode attracts positively charged ions
such as cations.

Q:3. Long answer questions:

1. Why does distilled water not conduct electricity? How can we make it a conductor?
Ans:
-Distilled water does not contain dissolved substances such as salts. Therefore, there are no free ions or
charges from salts and impurities which may move through the solution. So it cannot conduct electricity.

-We can make distilled water conducting by adding salts in it.

-Most water—surface or ground water has dissolved salts. The regular water we have at home always has
enough dissolved salts. Therefore there are enough ions in these sources of water to make it a good conductor.
2. Draw a simple labelled circuit for a tester that will tell us if a used torch cell still has power. What
kind of bulb is best suited for such a tester, and why?
Ans:

Apollo International School/2023-2024/Grade-8/Science/Ch-13/Classwork

We prefer to use testers with LEDs in place of electric bulbs because these glow even with a weak current.

3. Describe, with the help of a labelled diagram, how you would silver-plate a brass bowl.
Ans:

 A brass bowl can be silver-plated by electroplating it in a solution of silver cyanide or silver nitrate
through electrolysis. The bowl is cleaned thoroughly.
 It is connected to the negative terminal of a battery, or electricity supply so that it acts as the cathode
(negative). It is left for some time in a solution of silver cyanide or silver nitrate, which is the electrolyte.
Silver is transferred from the anode, which is a bar of silver, through the electrolyte, to the object.
 The silver in the electrolyte is the positively charged ions. When the current flows, the silver ions move
towards the cathode, the bowl, and deposit evenly on the surface. The thickness of the plating depends on
the amount of silver deposited from the anode.

4. What is electrolysis? Describe three of its uses.

Ans: Electrolysis is the passing of an electric current through an electrolyte, or a chemical compound in a
solution, to produce a chemical reaction. The chemical compound decomposes due to the passage of electric
current.
Electrolysis has many uses in science and industry.
• It is used for electrolytic refining of metals. Metals such as zinc, copper, and aluminium are refined by the
electrolysis of an aqueous solution of a salt of the metal concerned.

• Production of oxygen from water for use in spacecraft. Electrolysis of water (H 2O) is the main method to
generate oxygen aboard the space stations. Along with this, Oxygen Generation Systems reuse oxygen from
water vapour and urine.

• Production of sodium metal and chlorine gas for commercial and scientific purposes.

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Apollo International School/2023-2024/Grade-8/Science/Ch-13/Classwork