TCVN NATIONAL STANDARDS

TCVN 5738 : 2021

3rd Publishing

FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEM

- TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

Fire detection and alarm system - Technical requirements

HÀ NỘI  2021
 INDEX

page
INDUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 3
1. Scope of works ................................................................................................................ 4

2. Extracted standards ........................................................................................................ 4

3. Terminology and definitions ............................................................................................ 5

4. General regulations ..................................................................................................... 8

5. Design requirements Fire alarm control panel 10

6. Design requirements Fire Alarm Detector ...................................................................... 11

7. Design requirements Manual call point ....................................................................... 19

8. Design requirements Cable,signal wire & control equipment ........................................ 20

9. Design requirements Sound and Lights ......................................................................... 21

10. Design requiments Power supply and protection earth............................................... 22

Appedix A .......................................................................................................................... 23

Appedix B .......................................................................................................................... 25

Bibiliography of references ............................................................................................ 26

 TCVN 5738 : 2021

Introduction
TCVN 5738: 2021 replaces TCVN 5738: 2001.
TCVN 5738: 2021 is built on the basis of reference to standard SP 5.13130.2009 of the Russian
Federation
TCVN 5738: 2021 compiled by the Police Department of Fire Prevention, Fire Fighting and Rescue,
proposed by the Ministry of Public Security, appraised by the General Department of Standards,
Metrology and Quality, and published by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
 NATION STANDARD TCVN 5738:2021

FIRE PREVENTION – AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM SYSTEM-TECHNICAL

REQUIREMENTS

Fire prevention – Automatic fire alarm system - Technical requirements

1. Scope of application

This standard specifies technical requirements for automatic fire alarm systems for buildings
and buildings.

This standard does not specify technical requirements for fire alarm systems for: Buildings
and structures designed according to special regulations.

2. Extracted standards

The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of this standard. For
institute documents,when the date of publication is cited, the version mentioned above
applies. For undated references,published, the latest version shall apply, including
amendments and supplements (if any).

TCVN 7568-14:2015(ISO-7240-14-2013): Fire alarm systems - Part 14: Design, installation,

operation and maintenance of fire alarm systems in the house and around the building.

TCVN 7568-10:2015(ISO-7240-10:2012): Fire alarm systems - Part 10: Point type fire
detectors.

3.Terms and definitions

In this standard, the following terms and definitions are used:

3.1

Automatic fire alarm system A system which automatically detects and notifies the location
on fire.

3.1.1

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Conventional fire alarm system

An automatic fire alarm system when a fire alarm will alert an area, that area may have one
or more fire detectors.

3.1.2

Addressable fire alarm system

The automatic fire alarm system has the function of announcing the address of each fire
detector.

3.1.3

Intelligent fire alarm system

The automatic fire alarm system, in addition to the normal and addressable fire alarm
function, can also measure some fire parameters of the area where the fire detector is
installed such as temperature, smoke concentration or/and automatically change the
threshold. impact of the fire detector as required by the designer and installer.

3.2

Automatic fire detector

The automatic device is sensitive to the phenomena associated with the fire (such as
temperature rising,smoke spreading,light radiating) and transmits the appropriate signal to
the fire alarm control panel.

3.2.1

Point detector

Fire detectors placed directly in the protected area are sensitive to the impact of the
environment according to the characteristics of each type of detector.

3.2.2

Heat detector

Automatic fire detectors are sensitive to the temperature rise of the environment where the
detector is installed.

3.2.2.1

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Fixed temperature heat detector

Heat detector, active when the temperature at the location where the detector is installed
reaches a predetermined value.

3.2.2.2

Rate of rise heat detector

Heat detector, active when the temperature rise rate at the location where the detector is
installed reaches a specified value.

3.2.2.3

Line type heat detector cable

Line type heat detector cable is structured in the form of wire and is used for fire alarm over
the entire length of the cable route.

3.2.3

Smoke detector

Automatic fire detectors are sensitive to the effects of solid or liquid particles resulting from
combustion and/or thermal decomposition called smoke.

3.2.3.1

Lonization smoke detector

Smoke detectors are sensitive to products generated in the event of a fire that can affect
ionization currents inside the detector.

3.2.3.2

Photoelectric smoke detector

Smoke detectors are sensitive to products that are produced in the event of a fire capable of
affecting radiation absorption or scattering in the infrared and/or visible ultraviolet region of
the electromagnetic spectrum.

3.2.3.3
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Optical smoke detector

Smoke detectors are sensitive to products that are produced in the event of a fire capable of
affecting radiation absorption or scattering in the infrared and/or visible ultraviolet region of
the electromagnetic spectrum.

3.2.3.4

Projected beam type smoke detector

Smoke detector has two parts including beam emitter and beam receiver or
transmitter/receiver and reflector, which will operate when in the distance between transmitter
and receiver or between transmitter/receiver and reflector. smoke concentration reaches the
threshold.

3.2.4

Flame detector

Automatic fire detectors are sensitive to the radiation emitted by the flame.

3.2.5

Combination detector

Automatic fire detectors are sensitive to at least 2 phenomena associated with fire.

3.2.6

Aspirating Smoke Detector

Automatically take samples through the air sampling nozzles on the pipeline system and
bring the air sample (suction) from the protected area to the device for analysis and detection
of fire signs (smoke, change in composition) chemistry of the environment). Each intake is
equivalent to a smoke detector.

3.2.7

Wireless fire alarm system

A fire alarm system that uses radio waves to transmit and receive signals.

3.3

Manual call point

Device for performing manual initial fire alarm.

3.4

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Electrical power supply

Electrical power supply device for fire alarm system.

3.5

Conjunctive devices

Consists of components, cable systems and signal conductors, components that form a link
between devices of the fire alarm system.

3.6

Fire alarm control panel

The device provides power for automatic fire detectors and other devices in the system and
performs the following functions:

- Receive signals from automatic fire detectors and emit fire alarm signals, indicating where a
fire occurs.

- It is possible to transmit the fire detection signal through the signal transmitter to the place
where the fire alarm is received or / and to the automatic fire prevention and fighting
equipment.

- Check the normal working of the equipment in the system, indicating system problems such
as broken wire, short circuit...

- Automatically control the operation of other peripheral devices.

3.7 Sound alarm

Provide an audible warning to all people inside the house and building when there is a fire.

3.8

Light alarm

Provide visual warning to all people inside the house and public
4. General regulations
4.1 The design and installation of the fire alarm system must comply with the requirements and
regulations of the relevant current standards.
4.2 The fire alarm system must meet the following requirements:
- Detect fire quickly according to the proposed function.
- Transform the signal when detecting a fire into a clear alarm signal so that people around can
immediately take appropriate measures;

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- Has good anti-interference ability.
- Quickly and clearly signal any system breakdown.
- Not affected by other systems installed together or separately.
- No partial or total paralysis caused by fire before detection of fire.
4.3 The fire alarm system must ensure reliability and fully perform the proposed functions without
errors.
4.4 External influences that cause failure of a part of the system must not cause subsequent
failures in the system.
4.5 Fire alarm system consists of basic parts: Fire alarm control panel, automatic fire detector, fire
alarm manual call point, linkage elements, power source. Depending on the requirements of the
fire alarm system, there are modules, signal transmission and monitoring devices...
4.6 When selecting the type of fire detector, the following issues should be kept in mind:
4.6.1 Select the type of smoke detector with suitable sensitivity to different types of smoke.
4.6.2 Use fire detectors at places:
-When a fire occurs at the initial stage of the fire, there is an overheated flame or surface (usually
above 600°C);
- When flames appear in rooms whose height exceeds the limits for the use of smoke or heat
detectors;
- When the speed of fire development is fast, the time of fire detection by other types of fire
detectors does not meet the requirements for protection of people and property.
4.6.3 The sensitivity of the fire detector shall correspond to the emission spectrum of the flame
produced by the combustible materials in the protected zone.
4.6.4 Use heat detectors in areas where a fire occurs at the initial stage of a fire that mainly
generates heat and when using other detectors, false alarms may occur.
4.6.5 It is not recommended to use heat-increasing fire detectors, dual heat detectors (increased
heat and fixed heat) in environments with sudden, unusual temperature fluctuations exceeding 5
°C/min.
-Fixed heat detectors should not be used in an environment where the air temperature in the fire
may not reach the trigger temperature of the detector or reach the threshold of impact after a long
time (beyond the emission time). fire according to regulations).
4.6.6 When selecting a heat detector, it should be noted that the activation temperature threshold
of fixed, dual heat detectors must be at least 20°C higher than the maximum ambient temperature
at fire detector installation location.

4.6.7 When it is not possible to determine the characteristic phenomenon of fire in the protected

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area, it is recommended to use a combination of fire detectors sensitive to different fire
phenomena or combined fire detectors.
Note: The characteristic phenomenon of a fire is that which is detected at the initial stage of the
fire in the shortest time.
5. Fire alarm control panel
5.1 The fire alarm control panel must have the function of automatically checking the signal from
the fire detectors, fire alarm zone and other fire alarm devices are transmitted to eliminate false
fire alarm signals.Fire Alarm control panel without fire alarm functions are not allowed to be used
as automatic fire alarm control panel.
5.2 Fire alarm control panel must be located in places where people are regularly on duty around
the clock.
In case there is no one on duty throughout the night, the fire alarm center must have a function
transmit fire alarm signals and report incidents to the place of fire duty or where there are people
standing around the clock and take measures to prevent unauthorized persons from coming into
contact with the fire alarm control panel.
The place where the fire alarm control panel are located must have a telephone to directly contact
the police unit for fire prevention, fighting and rescue, or the place where the fire alarm is
received.
5.3 Fire alarm control panel must be installed on walls, partitions, on tables at places no danger of
fire and explosion.
5.4 If the fire alarm control panel is installed on the building components made of combustible
materials, the this member shall be protected by metal foil 1 mm thick or more or by other
materials,other non-combustible with a thickness of not less than 10 mm. In this case the
protective plate must have size such that each edge of the guard extends beyond the edge of the
center by at least 100 mm in all directions.
5.5 Distance between fire alarm control panel and ceilings made of combustible materials is not
less than 1.0 m
5.6 In case of side-by-side installation, the distance between the fire alarm control panel should
not be less than 50 mm.
5.7 If the fire alarm control panel is mounted on a wall, pillar or machine rack, the distance from
theThe fire alarm control panel of reaches the product surface from 0.8 to 1.8 m and is suitable for
the operating height human behavior.
5.8 The temperature and humidity at the place where the fire alarm control panel is located must
be in accordance with the technical documents and manual of fire alarm control panel.
5.9 Sound and light signals for fire alarm and fault alarm must be different.
5.10 The installation of automatic fire detectors with the fire alarm control panel must pay attention
to conformity of the system (voltage supplied to the fire detector, type of fire alarm signal,
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detection method breakdown, line test department).
5.11 Fire alarm control panel capacity of a fire alarm system usually has to have at least 10% of
reserved channels.
6. Automatic fire detectors

6.1 Automatic fire detectors must ensure fire detection according to the function and technical
characteristics specified in TCVN 7568 -14.

The selection of automatic fire detectors must be based on the properties of the combustible
substances, the characteristics of the protective environment according to the nature of the works,
refer to Appendix A.

6.2 Fire detectors must have indicator lights when operating. In case the automatic fire detector
does not have an indicator light when it is activated, the base of the automatic fire detector must
have a replacement indicator light.

For wireless fire detectors (radio fire detectors and on-site fire detectors), in addition to the indicator
lights when operating, there must also be a signal about the status of the power supply.

6.3 The number of automatic fire detectors that need to be installed for a protected area depends
on the fire detection requirements on the entire area of that area and must meet the technical
requirements.

In case the automatic fire alarm system is used to control the automatic fire fighting system, each
point in the protected area must be controlled by two automatic fire detectors belonging to two or
two different addresses.

In case a house has suspended ceilings between ceiling layers with technical systems, electrical
cables and signal cables installed, additional fire detectors must be installed in the upper ceiling.

6.4 Smoke detectors and heat detectors are installed under the ceiling or roof. In case it is not
possible to install on the ceiling or roof, it is allowed to install on beams and columns, it is allowed
to hang fire detectors on wires under the ceiling but ensure the following conditions:

Sloped roof is a roof with a slope greater than 1/8 from the high wall to the low wall.

- A-shaped roof is a roof with a slope greater than 1/8 from the highest point of the roof to both sides
(applicable to both domes or curved roofs).
- The expression for determining the slope of the roof:

1 - H2
If S is less than or equal to 1/8, it is considered a flat ceiling.

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 - Locate points on the ceiling within 0.9m from the high wall charge.

- The location of the first detectors will be at any point within that 0.9m area.

(Except for the triangle area, the area under the roof and 0.1m from the wall, this is considered a
dead air zone, does not move, so it is difficult for heat and smoke to penetrate this area).

- Fire detectors are located and distanced based on the flat projection of the roof, calculated
parameters as in the case of flat ceilings.

Figure 1: Method of determining the location of installing fire detectors on sloping roofs

Figure 2: Method of determining the location of installation of fire detectors on the A . roof
top

Some other special cases when it is necessary to install fire detectors near the wall or on the
wall, it is also not allowed to install in the triangle area of 0.1 m from the corner of the wall
and roof. For fire detectors mounted on the wall, it should only be installed within 0.1 m to 0.3
m from the roof down.

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Figure 3: Method of determining the location to install fire detectors near the wall
or on the wall of the house
6.5 Additional point-type heat and smoke detectors must be installed below the structure
with a height greater than 0.4m from the ceiling to the low position of the overhang and a
width equal to or greater than 0.75m.
In case the ceiling has protrusions from below from 0.08 m to 0.4 m, the installation of
automatic fire detectors is calculated as the ceiling without the above protrusions but the
protected area of a fire detector. automatically 25% off.
In case the ceiling has overhangs below 0.4m and the width is less than 0.75m, the
installation of automatic fire detectors is calculated as the ceiling without the above-said
protrusions but the head protection area. Automatic fire alarm 40% off.
6.6 In case the combustible substances, technological equipment and structures of the
building are arranged with the highest point less than or equal to 0.6m from the ceiling,
automatic fire detectors must be installed right above the boundary lines. that mind.
When installing point-type smoke detectors in areas with a width of less than 3 m, or under
raised floors or on suspended ceilings and in other spaces with a height of less than 1.7 m,
the distance between the detectors specified in Table 1 is allowed to increase 1.5 times.
When installing a fire detector under a raised floor, on a false ceiling and in other places
where the detector is not visible, the location of the active fire detector must be determined
(for example, an addressable fire detector or an addressable alarm device, or remote optical
indicators, etc.). Raised floors, false ceilings must have access positions for maintenance
and maintenance of fire detectors.
6.7 Point-type heat and smoke detectors when installed on ceilings are allowed to be used
to protect the space below open suspended ceilings, if the following conditions are
simultaneously met:
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- The gap has a cyclic structure and its area exceeds 40 % of the surface;
- The minimum dimension of each clearance in any part is not less than 10 mm;

- The thickness of the suspended ceiling panels is not more than three times the minimum
size of the opening.
If at least one of the above conditions is not met, the fire detectors must be installed in the
main position under the suspended ceiling, in case it is necessary to install additional fire
detectors to protect the area above the suspended ceiling. .
6.8 Number of automatic fire detectors of passive type installed on a channel of the fire alarm
system depends on the technical characteristics of the fire alarm control panel but the
protection area of each zone is not more than 2000 m2 for the protected area open and 500
m2 for closed protected area. Automatic fire detectors must be used according to the
technical requirements, standards and technical documents of automatic fire detectors
announced by the manufacturer and taking into account the environmental conditions where
protection is required.
Note:

- Open protection area is an area when standing in which smoke and fire can be observed
within the protected area of the entire area such as warehouses, production workshops,
halls....

-Closed protection area is an area where smoke and fire cannot be seen when standing in
the protected area of the entire area such as in cable tunnels, suspended ceilings, rooms
are separated from each other...

6.9 In case the fire alarm control panel does not have the function of indicating the address
of each automatic fire detector, the automatic fire detectors installed on one zone allow to
control up to 20 rooms or areas on the same floor. The building has an exit to the common
corridor, but outside each room and each area, there must be lights indicating the impact of
fire alarms of any fire detectors installed in those rooms and areas follow requirements of
Article 5.8.
In case a room has a glass door or a glass wall with a common corridor that can be seen
from the corridor into the room through the glass wall or glass door, it is allowed not to install
indicator lights outside that room.
6.10 The distance from the fire detector to the outer edge of the blower mouth of the
ventilation or air conditioning system should not be less than 1 m.
Fire detectors must not be installed directly in front of the upper blowers.

The installation of fire detectors must be done so that nearby equipment (pipes, air ducts,
equipment, etc.).Light, electromagnetic interference do not affect the operation of the
detector.

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6.11 Where in a protected area many types of fire detectors are installed, the distance
between the detectors must be such that each position in that area is protected by at least
one fire detector.
In case of installation in a protected area of different types of fire detectors, their location
must comply with the requirements of this standard for each type of fire detector.
If the characteristic phenomenon is not identified, it is possible to install mixed fire detectors
(smoke - heat) or a combination of smoke detectors and heat detectors installed alternately.
In this case, the location of the fire detectors must meet the requirements in Table 2.
If the typical phenomenon of a common fire is smoke, then fire detectors are selected and
installed according to Table 1 or Table 3.
When determining the number of fire detectors, the mixed fire detector is counted as one fire
detector.

In case a mixed fire detector is installed in a protected area, the distance between the
detectors is determined according to the characteristic phenomenon of fire.
6.12 For explosive-hazardous environments, explosion-proof fire detectors must be used.

In areas with high humidity and/or dust, fire detectors with suitable moisture and/or dust
resistance should be used.
In areas with many insects, it is required to use fire detectors capable of preventing insects
from entering the fire detector or taking measures to prevent insects from entering the fire
detector but not affecting the operation of the fire detector. motion of the detector.
6.13 Point type smoke detector

The protection area of a smoke detector, the maximum distance between the smoke
detectors together and between the smoke detector and the wall must be determined
according to Table 1, but must not be greater than the values stated in the requirements.
technical requirements and technical documents of smoke detectors.

Table 1 Regulations on installation of point type smoke detectors

Altitude of the Average protection Maximum distance (m)

protected area (m) area of a fire detector
Between fire detectors From the fire
(m 2 )
detector to the
building wall

Up to 3.5 Up to 85 9 4.5

Greater than 3.5 to 6 Up to 70 8.5 4.0

Greater than 6.0 to 10 Up to 65 8.0 4.0

Greater than 10 to 12 Up to 55 7.5 3.5

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6.14 Projection smoke detector

6.14.1 Projection smoke detectors are used for protected areas up to a height of 21 m. The
distance between the beams to the wall is not more than 4.5 m and between the beams is
not more than 9 ,0 m.For sloping or A-roof areas, the above distance is determined in the
horizontal direction.

6.14.2 The distance from the beam to the ceiling must be between 0.025 m and 0.6 m. The
beam is allowed to be more than 0.6m away from the ceiling when the beam distance is not
greater than 25% of the installation height of the head. smoke detector and the distance
between the beam and the wall is not greater than 12.5% of the installation height of the
beam smoke detector, then the distance of the vertical beam to the highest point of the
combustible substance is not less than 2m .

6.14.3 The minimum and maximum distances between transmitter and receiver or
transceiver and reflector are determined by the technical documentation for specific types of
fire detectors.

The minimum distance between the beams, from the beam to the wall and surrounding
objects must be established according to the requirements of the technical documentation
to avoid mutual interference.

In the distance between the transmitter and the receiver or the transceiver and the reflector
of the beam smoke detector, there must be no obstructions blocking the beam.

6.15 Point type heat detector

6.15.1 The protection area of a heat detector, the maximum distance between the heat
detectors and between the heat detector and the wall must be determined according to Table
2 but not greater than the values stated in technical conditions and technical documents of
heat detectors.
Table 2 Regulations on installation of point type heat detectors

The height of protection Average protection Maximum distance (m)

(m) area of a fire
Between fire From the fire
detector (m2)
detectors detector to the
building wall

Under 3.5 Up to 25 5 2.5

From 3.5 to 6.0 Up to 20 4.5 2.0

Greater than 6 to 9 Up to 15 4 2.0

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6.15.2 Heat fire detectors shall be arranged to eliminate the influence of thermal effects unrelated
to the fire.

6.16 Flame detectors

6.16.1 Flame detectors in rooms or areas must be installed on ceilings, walls and other building
structures or installed right on equipment to be protected. fire, the distance of the fire detector to
the ceiling is not less than 0.8m.

6.16.2 The space of the protected area must be determined according to the viewing angle, the
sensitivity to the emission spectrum of the flame generated by the combustible material, as well
as the sensitivity and technical requirements specified in TCVN 7568-10. In addition, the
parameters of the fire detector must be obtained according to the technical documents
announced by the manufacturer.

When the area is obscured by equipment, storage racks or other objects, additional fire detectors
must be installed in this area.

6.17 Aspirating Smoke Detector

6.17.1 Aspirating Smoke Detectors work depending on the sensitivity of the detector and are
divided into three types:

- Class A - super sensitive (smoke opacity less than 0.8%/m);

- Class B - high sensitivity (smoke opacity from 0.8 to 2% / m);

- Class C - standard sensitivity (smoke opacity 2 to 4.5%/m).

6.17.2 The time for sampling the air from the furthest intake to the detector, depending on the
sensitivity of the aspiration detector, shall not exceed:

- 60 s for class A;

- 90 s for class B;

- 120 s for class C.

17
6.17.3 Aspirating smoke detectors shall be installed according to Table 3, depending on the
sensitivity.

Table 3 Regulations on installation of Aspirating smoke detectors

Sensitivity of Protection radius of 1

Maximum height of protected area
Aspirating Smoke suction hole (m)
(m)
Detectors

Class A, super
30 6,5
sensitive

Class B, high 18 6,5

sensitivity

Type C, standard 12 6,5

sensitivity

Smoke detectors are used to protect large open spaces and structures such as atriums, factories,
warehouses, passenger terminals, sports halls, stadiums, circuses, and circuses. , galleries,
museums, in galleries, galleries...

Protected areas with a lot of electronic equipment: server rooms, switchboards, data processing
centers, etc. should use type A smoke detectors.

6.17.4 It is allowed to place the sampling pipes of Aspirating smoke detectors into the structures
of the building or the decorative elements of the room, however, the operation of the air intakes
must be ensured. may be located above a suspended ceiling or below a raised floor with intakes
arranged along the length of the pipeline passing through the suspended ceiling or raised floor so
that the air intake of the sampling line should be within the storage area. The use of holes in the
sample conduit (including the use of ducts) is allowed to control the presence of smoke both in the
main space and in the space above the suspended ceiling, under the raised floor.If necessary
necessary, allowing the use of branch pipes with holes at the end to protect hard-to-reach places,
as well as to take air samples from the interior spaces of equipment, machinery, etc.

The maximum length of the sampling pipe, as well as the maximum number of air intake holes,
are determined by the specifications of the detector.

When installing sampling tubes in locations with a width of less than 3m, under raised floors or on
suspended ceilings and in other spaces with a height of less than 1.7m, the protective radius of
the suction holes as shown in Table 3 has can be increased by 1.5 times.

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6.18 Line type heat detector cable

6.18.1 Line type heat detector cables are installed under the ceiling or in direct contact with
combustible substances.

6.18.2 When installing line type heat detector cables under the ceiling, the same technical
requirements as for point-type heat detectors must be met.

In case flammable substances are arranged on shelves, it is allowed to install line type heat
detector cables only on each floor of the shelves.

Line type heat detector cables need to be installed to avoid mechanical damage.

6.19 Wireless fire alarm system

Wireless fire alarm system are installed and used to protect hazardous areas.

Wireless fire alarm system must be tested by a competent authority to ISO 7240-25 or equivalent.

7.Manual call point

7.1 Fire alarm manual call point are installed inside as well as outside of houses and buildings,
installed on walls and building structures at a height of 1.4 m ± 0.2 m from the floor or the ground
and have a empty space in the form of a semicircle with a radius of 0.6 m around the front of the
fire alarm button.

7.2 Fire alarm manual call point must be installed on the exits, stair landings in a conspicuous
position, easy to operate (refer to Appendix B). In case it is deemed necessary, it can be installed
in each room. The distance between the fire alarm buttons is not more than 45 m and the distance
from the fire alarm button to the exit of every room is not more than 30 m.

7.3 In case the fire alarm manual call point is installed outside the building, the maximum distance
between the fire alarm button is 150 m and there must be a clear symbol and indication of the
location. Fire alarm manual call point installed outside the house must be waterproof or have
measures to prevent rain and environmental impacts. The place where fire alarm manual call
point are installed must be continuously lit at night.

7.4 Fire alarm manual call point can be installed in separate channels, individually addressable or
in common on one channel with fire detectors.

7.5 In case of avoiding unintended impact on the fire alarm manual call point at the apartment
building, the educational institution must use the fire alarm manual call point with transparent
cover with protective hinge.

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8. Cable system and signal wire, power supply wire
8.1 The selection of cables and signal wires of the automatic fire alarm system must satisfy the
relevant current standards and regulations for the installation of equipment and electrical
conductors in accordance with the technical requirements of this standard and the document.
technical data for each specific type of equipment.
8.2 Measures must be taken to protect the cables and signal wires of the automatic fire alarm
system against short-circuiting or breaking (threaded in metal pipes or other protective pipes),
against rat bites, insects or mechanical causes. other damage to cables and signal wires. The
holes through the ceiling and walls after construction must be sealed or treated appropriately
so as not to reduce the fire specifications required by the structure.
8.3 The signal circuits of the fire alarm system shall be automatically checked for technical
condition along the length of the signal circuit.
8.4 Fire alarm signal circuits must use separate conductors and copper cored cables. It is
allowed to use copper core communication cable of mixed information network but separate
communication channel is required.
8.5 Copper core cross-section of cable and signal wire must be determined based on the
allowable pressure drop of automatic fire alarm system but not less than 0.75mm2 (equivalent
to 1m diameter copper core) for backbone cable main.It is allowed to use many plaited
conductors but the total cross-sectional area of the plaited copper cores must not be less than
0.75mm2.The cross-section of each copper core of the main trunk cable is not less than
0.5mm2.The use of cables is allowed. multiple wires in a common sheath but the copper core
diameter of each wire should not be less than 0.5mm.
The total resistance of signal lines on each fire alarm zone should not be more than 100 Ω, and
must not be greater than the value required for each type of fire alarm center.

8.6 Signal cable for controlling peripheral equipment, signal wire connecting from fire detectors
in automatic fire alarm system used to activate automatic fire fighting system is high heat
resistant type (fireproof cable, signal wire) has a fire resistance time of 30min).It is allowed to
use signal cable for controlling peripheral equipment which is a normal cable but must have
measures to protect from the impact of heat for at least 30 min.
8.7 It is not allowed to install the signal wire of the automatic fire alarm system and the control
signal wire of the automatic fire fighting system with a voltage of less than 60V with the line with
a voltage of over 110V in the same pipeline. , a box, a bundle, a closed groove of a building
structure.
The common installation of the above circuits is allowed when there is a longitudinal partition
between them of non-combustible materials with a fire resistance rating of not less than 15 min.

20
8.8 In case of parallel open connection, the distance between the conductors of the lighting and
electrodynamic lines and the cables and signal wires of the automatic fire alarm system must
not be less than 0.5 m. If this distance is less than 0.5 m, measures must be taken to prevent
electromagnetic interference.
8.9 In case there is an interference source in the building or for an addressable fire alarm
system, it is mandatory to use anti-interference cables and signal wires. If the cable and signal
wire are not shielded, it must be threaded in a grounded metal conduit or box.
For conventional automatic fire alarm systems, it is recommended to use anti-interference or
non-anti-interference cables and wires but are threaded in metal pipes or metal boxes with
earth.
The number of connectors of the junction boxes and the number of conductors of the backbone
cable must be 20% redundancy.
9. Sound and lights
9.1 Audible alarm devices:
9.1.1 Acoustic fire alarm devices must meet the following requirements:
- The alarm signal must be distributed simultaneously in the fire compartment/house and the
building.
- The sound intensity level at all locations must be at least 10dBA higher than the ambient sound
pressure level and not more than 105dBA.
The audible alarm signal for sleeping areas must be at least 15dBA above the ambient sound
pressure level (provided the doors are closed).

9.1.2 For areas such as hospitals where patients cannot tolerate the stress of loud noises, sound
intensity levels and message content should be arranged to alert staff. of the hospital and
minimize the mental distress for the patients.
Note: In case the house and building is equipped with a public sound system, the sound intensity
level of this system needs to meet the requirements of Article 9.1.1.
9.2 Light warning device:
9.2.1 Location of light warning device:
- Installed on corridors, exits.
- Where the deaf usually live.
- Where the ambient noise exceeds 95dBA.
- Areas requiring limited acoustics (e.g. operating room areas in hospitals).

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9.2.2 Light warning devices installed for houses and works must satisfy the following
requirements:
- Must be installed on the ceiling or wall with a suitable number so that it can be seen at all
positions in the area specified in Clause 9.2.1.
- When installing on the wall, the minimum height from the base of the wall to the light is at least
2.0m.
- Light warning signal needs to ensure synchronization when flashing.
- Failure of the light warning device in any area does not affect the operation of the light warning
device in the area.
10 Power supply and protective earth
10.1 The Fire Alarm Control Panel must have two independent power sources: One 220 VAC
source and one battery backup source.
The fluctuation value of the voltage of the AC source supplied to the fire alarm control panel
should not exceed ± 10%. In case this fluctuation value is greater than 10%, a Voltage Stabilizer
must be used before supplying to the Fire Alarm control panel.
The capacity of the stand by battery must ensure at least 24 h for the equipment to operate in the
nomal condition mode and 1 h in case of fire mode.
When using a battery as a power source, the battery must be charged automatically.
10.2 Fire alarm control panel must be grounded for protection. The protective grounding
must satisfy the requirements of current electrical equipment grounding regulations.

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 Appendix A (Reference)

Select automatic fire detectors according to the nature of the facilities equipped

STT Basic properties are equipped bag Fire alarm

A. Production facility
I. Production and storage facilities
1 - Wood and wood products, textiles, plastic ready-made heat, smoke, flame
clothing, leather shoes, fur goods , tobacco , paper,
cellulose, cotton. Synthetic plastics, synthetic fibers,
polymer materials , rubber, products rubber, rubber core
create, movie image and movie X
flammable optics.
2 - Varnishes, paints, solvents, combustible liquids, chemicals, smoke, flame
lubricants
slippery Alcoholic products
3 - Alkali metal, metal powder. flame
4 - Cereal flour, mixed feed and other foodstuffs, radiating heat, flame
materials dust.
II. Manufacture factory:
- Paper, cardboard, wallpaper, fodder and livestock heat, smoke or
hold. flame
III. Preservation and storage facilities:
1 - Non-combustible materials in packaging made of materials heat or smoke
flammable and combustible solids.
2 - Area with computer equipment, radio equipment, smoke
switchboard
B. Specialized works:
1 - Room for laying cables,transformers room, distribution heat or smoke
board and electrical panels.

2 - Room for equipment and pipes for flammable liquids, heat or flame
grease, internal combustion engine test room, fuel engine
test room , air intake room on fire
3 - Car maintenance and repair workshop, garage. heat, smoke or
flame
C. Houses and public buildings:
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1 - Performance room, practice room, lecture hall, reading smoke.
and seminar room , actor room, makeup room , room to
clothing, repair places, waiting rooms, break rooms, onion
2 - Art activity area, wardrobe, workshop heat, smoke or
flame
production room, cinema and lighting room, tool room, dark
room

3 Living room, patient room, warehouse, public canteen heat or smoke

plus, kitchen. Administration room, office, machine room,

control room.

4 Disease prevention, commercial facilities, public dining, heat or smoke

epidemics

services, rooms, hotels and hostels

5 Gallery, artifact storage room of the museum heat, smoke or

flame
museum, exhibition.

D Houses and buildings with large volume:

1 Atrium, production hall, warehouse, center smoke.

logistics, shopping facilities, passenger terminals, sports

stadiums and arenas, circuses, etc.

2 - Computer room, radio, server room, switchboard, Central smoke.

data center, customer care center.

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 Appendix B (Reference)
The location of the manual call point installation depends on the purpose of the
buildings and the locations

Locations Place of installation

1 Industrial works, facilities
substances and facilities (factories,
warehouses, etc.)
1.1 One floor
1.2 Multiple floors
2 Cable works (tunnels, decks, etc.)
3 Administrative and public buildings _
_ add
Along the escape routes, in the corridors, at
the exit from the factory, warehouse _
Like the top and stairs of each floor
At the entrance to the tunnel, to the floor, at the
emergency exit from the tunnel, at the junction of
tunnel
In the corridors, lobby, in the stairwell area, in
the exit of the building home

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 Bibliography of References
[1] Сп 5.13130.2009 од правил отивопожарной ащиты. ановки пожарной
сигнализации ожаротушения автоматические. ормы и авила проектирования.

[2] ост р 53325-2012 ациональный стандарт российской федерации а ожарная а

ожарной автоматики общие ования оды аний.

[3] NFPA 72:2019: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code.

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