Higher Dimensional Spaces

Dimensions:
The dimensions of a mathematical space (or object) is informally
defined as the minimum number of coordinates needed to
specify any point within it.
2-Dimensional space

A coordinate system in which the exact position of a point is

determined with two numerical values, is called the two
dimensional space.

In Euclidean geometry, two perpendicular number-lines are

intersected at their middle points for splitting the whole space
into four equal parts. The number lines are used as base line to
measure the distance of every point in two perpendicular
directions from their bisection point.
2-Dimensional Space
There are four fundamental concepts related to two dimensional
Cartesian coordinate system:
Coordinate axes, origin, coordinates of a point and quadrants.
3-Dimensional space
We can expand our 2-dimensional (xy) coordinate system into
a 3-dimensional coordinate system, using x, y, and z-axes. In 3-
dimensional space the exact position of a point is determined
with three numerical values, called the coordinates.
3-Dimensional space
The xy-plane is horizontal in diagram below and shaded green. It
can also be described using the equation z = 0,
The xz-plane is vertical and shaded pink above. This plane can be
described using the equation y=0.
The yz-plane is also vertical and shaded blue. The yz-plane can
be described using the equation x=0.
Higher Dimensional Spaces
More than three dimensional spaces are treated as higher
dimensional spaces.
For example, we can think of dimensions as ways in which we
can move up and down, left and right, forward and backwards,
which leads us to believe we live in a three-dimensional world.
Every point in this world is defined by three coordinates. We can't
imagine living in a four-dimensional world because we simply
can't conceive of another direction to move in.
Higher Dimensional Spaces
However, now imagine you are arranging to meet someone. Not
only do you need to give them the three coordinates of the place
you are meeting, you also need to tell them the time you are
meeting. Thus, time and space together form a four-dimensional
space: you need four numbers to specify a point.

Generally, a point in an n-dimensional space is given by

n numbers, or coordinates. Even though we can’t visualize higher
dimensional spaces and objects within them as geometric objects.
Algebra gives the tools to deal with these objects.