Scope of the lesson:

Definition of Human Rights

Declaration of Human Rights
Core Characteristics and Principles of Human Rights
Five Major Categories of Human Rights
Five Basic Human Rights
 Lets Play!!!

CONBINE THE TWO PICTURE

TO FORM AWORD/S
Ba t a s /La w
Principles
P o l i t i c a l Rights
U n i v e r s a l Rights
Human Rights
Objectives:
Define the concept of human rights;
Understand the core principles of human rights;
Explain how human rights are practice in the
Philippines; and
Discuss specific examples of human rights.
 HUMAN RIGHTS
Human Rights according to the United Nations (UN 2009,
1998). Refer to basic standards or fundamental freedoms and
liberties inherent or inalienable to all human beings – whatever
their race, sex, gender, social class, age, disability, political
affiliation, creed, or other characteristic of background or group
membership.
• Based on this definition of human rights, one can
draw out its core characteristics or principles,
namely:
• universal and nondiscriminatory, inalienable,
interconnected, and indivisible.
 When was the human rights
stablished/declared?
• UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS
• 1948
• 30 ARTICLES
 Core C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o r
Pri nci ples
Universal and Nondiscriminatory – Human rights
apply equality to all people because everyone is born
free and equal in dignity rights. Thus, everyone
should be respected of their characteristics,
background, or group membership.
Inalienable – human rights are innate to all
human beings and cannot be traded for
something else or to be taken away. People have
human rights even if governments violate them
or refuse to recognize them.
Interconnected and indivisible – each human right is
realized in the fulfillment of the other rights; thus, the
violation of one affects the other. All human rights must be
realized together, and no right can be prioritized over
another.
Can government take away our
human rights?
 No-one – no individual, no
government – can ever take away
our human rights.
Aside from the aforementioned core
characteristics or principles, human rights
have five major categories:
civil, political, economic, social, and
cultural (Gosh and Ortiz 2011)
 Civil rights
Include the right to life, liberty, and personal security;
the right to be equal before the law; the right to be
protected from arbitrary arrest; the right to the due process
of law; the right to a fair trial; and the right to practice
religious freedom and worship.
Civil rights also establish the right of every child to be
registered and to have a name and a nationality.
 Political rights
Guarantee an individual’s involvement in
public affairs, which include the right to speech
and expression, the right to assembly and
association, and the right to vote and
participate in political affairs.
 Economic rights
Include the right to work and fair
remuneration; the right to form the trade union
and free associations; and the right to social
security, including social insurance.
 Social rights
Include the right to a family; the right to
education; the right to health and well-being; the
right to leisure time; and the right to enjoy the
widest possible protection and assistance for the
family, especially for mothers, children, and
young persons.
 Cultural rights
Include the rights to the benefits of
culture; the right to indigenous land,
rituals, and shared cultural practices; the
right to speak one’s own language,; and the
right to “mother tounge” education.
 THE INTERNATIONAL BILL OF
HUMAN RIGHTS
The severe atrocities and unspeakable human suffering that took
place during World War II prompted national leaders throughout the
world to take decisive steps toward the international protection of
human rights and the prevention of such evil from happening again.
Through the leadership of Eleanor Roosevelt, Rene Cassin, and
Joseph Malik, the league of Nation was dissolved after World War II
giving way to the creation of the United Nation (UN).
 What is meant by the International Bill of
Human Rights?
The International Bill of Human Rights consists of the
five core human rights treaties of the United Nations
that function to advance the fundamental freedoms
and to protect the basic human rights of all people.
 What is the purpose of international
human rights?
International human rights law lays down the obligations of
Governments to act in certain ways or to refrain from certain acts, in
order to promote and protect human rights and fundamental
freedoms of individuals or groups
 Five Basic Human Rights
Right to life and liberty
Freedom from slavery and torture
Freedom of opinion and expression
The right to work and ;
The right to education
INTERNATIONAL BILL OF RIGHTS
The IBHR gives people the liberty to choose their way of
life, express themselves, and choose the kind of
government they want, among many others.
The IBHR also guarantees the necessary means through
which the people could meet their basic needs, live a life
with dignity, and take full advantage of the opportunities
that life has to offer;
• Respect – People must not be deprived or interfered in
exercising their rights
• Protect – Private actors must be prevented from
violating the rights of others
• Fulfill – Positive action must be taken in order to
facilitate the enjoyment of basic human rights.
 OTHER MAJOR HUMAN RIGHTS
TREATISES
The UN has created a series of a human right treaties to
comprehensively protect people from human rights
violations. Each treaty is backed up by a legally binding
obligation, which ratifying governments are expected to
respect, protect, and fulfill.
 BASIC PRINCIPLES
(ARTICLE 1-3)
Article 1: Right to equality
Article 2: Freedom from discrimination
Article 3: right to life, liberty and personal security

CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS Article 15: Right to a nationality and freedom to changeit
(ARTICLE 4-21)
Article 4: Freedom from slavery Article 16: Right to marriage and family
Article 5: Freedom from torture and degrading treatment Article 17: Right to own properly

Article 6: Right to recognition as a person before the law. Article 18: Freedom of belief and religion

Article 7: Right to equality before the law Article 19: Freedom of opinion and information

Article 8: Right to remedy by competent tribunal Article 20: Right of peaceful assembly and association

Article 9: Freedom from arbitrary Article 21: Right to participate in government and in free election

Article 10: Right to fair public hearing Article 22: Right to social security
Article 11: Right to be considered innocent until proven guilty Article 23: Right to desirable work and join trade unions

Article 12: Freedom from interference with privacy, family, home,

and correspondence. Article 24: Right to rest and leisure
Article 13: Right to free movement in and out of the country Article 25: Right to adequate living standard

Article 14: Right to asylum in other countries from persecution Article 26: Right to education

CONCLUDING ARTICLES Article 27: Right to participate in the cultural life of the
(ARTICLE 28-30) community
Article 28: Right to social order that articulates this document

Articulate 29: Community duties essential to free and full

development
Articulate 30: Freedom from states and personal interference in
the above rights
Thank you for
listening!