Far Eastern University

Institute of Architecture and Fine Arts

Research of Resort
Development
(Architectural Design)

S.Y. 2022-2023/ 2nd Semester

Submitted by:

Denise Colleen C. Ilagan

Kayla Erice U. Montes

Submitted to:

Ar. Aurelio Somera

February 7, 2023
I. INTRODUCTION

A resort is a full-service accommodation establishment that gives access to a variety of amenities and
recreation facilities to emphasize the leisure experience. Resorts are the principal providers of visitors' experiences,
frequently offer services for business or gatherings, and are typically situated in vacation-oriented environments.
A resort is a location to go on vacation without feeling lonely. a place where one may spend their vacation for
relaxation and entertainment to energize their spare time. The Oxford dictionary describes a resort as a location
frequented for vacations, amusement, or a specific purpose. One may go to the resort to swim, have lunch, pass
the time, organize an overnight stay, light a campfire, paint a portrait, write a novel, compose poetry, and have a
wonderful stay. A resort may serve as a conference or meeting center, banquet hall, restaurant, and fitness club,
among other roles. A resort can offer both daytime and evening dining, as well as catering services.

Uniqueness is what makes resorts so distinct and exceptional. Their sites are perfect for tourists since
they offer everything they might want, including food and entertainment options, stores, and transportation. In
addition, many resorts have golf courses and other athletic arenas, making them wonderful places to spend a
couple of days. A resort vacation is a wonderful opportunity to escape the worries of daily life. They are great for
vacationers who want nothing more than to unwind. However, they all serve the same objective, which is to serve
people, the majority of whom are foreign tourists. A resort might also be a resort town in which facilities are
scattered around a small town or region. Consequently, if we examine the resort's structural formation, there are
two sorts of the resort:

The integrated resort is self-contained. A type of contemporary resort in which all resort amenities are
contained inside a single border. All functions are included, although the scope of a resort may vary, as we have
stated above; for example, a resort that focuses on sports may not be concerned with health facilities, while a
resort that focuses on wildlife safaris may not be concerned with climbing. But resorts are indeed comprised of
self-contained condos with as many amenities as a resident needs. A resort community is commonly thought of
as a typical kind of resort, yet this type embodies the spirit of a resort in which functions and amenities are dispersed
around a small town whose major profession is tourism.

ELEMENTS OF A RESORT

1. Recreational amenities that attract tourists to the resort

2. Housing and Food & Beverage services for persons who are temporarily away from home

3. Activities to keep guests occupied throughout their stay

II. RESORT CLASSIFICATION

A. BY LOCATION
1. Inland Beach
2. Island
3. Lakeside
4. Farm
5. Orchard
6. Mountain
7. Springs

B. OFFERED ACTIVITIES
1. Diving
2. Fishing
3. Health and Spa
4. Golf
5. Ski
6. Gaming
7. Theme Park

C. OWNERSHIP/ LODGING PROPERTIES

1. Resort Hotel
2. Second Home Development
3. Timeshare Ownership

ELEMENTS TO CONSIDER WHEN SELECTING BEACH SITES

1. Access to permanent or temporary seasonal population

2. Availability of main roadways
3. Climate
4. Quality of water
III. CLASSIFICATION OF AND STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR RESORTS

Section 10. Requirements for a Resort of Class "AA"

The minimal criteria for the operation and maintenance of a Class "AA"Resort are as follows:

A. Location and Setting

• The resort must be situated in a region devoid of noise, air, and water pollution.

B. Parking (If applicable)

• Free parking spaces with parking security must be made available to guests.

C. Installations and Lodging

• The resort's rooms, facilities, and services must be comparable to those of a Standard Class Hotel, as
specified by Section 5 hereof.

D. Public Toilets

• There must be clean and adequate public restrooms for both men and women, with sufficient running water,
toilet paper, soap, paper towel, and/or hand drier.

E. Sporting and Amusement Facilities

• In least three (3) sports and recreational amenities are required at the resort.

F. Convention/Conference Facilities

• Facilities for conferences and conventions must be provided.

G. Worker Facilities

• There must be adequate and well-maintained locker rooms and facilities for both male and female personnel.

Section 11: Requirements for a Resort of Class "A" The basic requirements for the operation and upkeep of a
Class "A" Resort are as follows:

A. Location and Setting

• The resort must be situated in a region devoid of noise, air, and water pollution.

B. Parking (If applicable)

• Free parking spaces with parking security must be made available to guests.

C. Accommodations in Rooms
 • The rooms of a Class "A" resort should be comparable to those of an Economy-Class hotel, as required by
Section 6 hereof.

D. Public Restrooms

• There should be clean and appropriate public toilets and bathrooms for both men and women, with
sufficient toilet paper, soap, and running water.

E. Sporting and Amusement Facilities

• The resort must provide a minimum of two (2) sports and recreation facilities.

F. Food and Drink Retailers

• There must be at least one (1) food and beverage establishment at the resort.

Prerequisites for a Special Interest Resort are outlined in Section 12.

The minimal requirements for the operation and upkeep of a Special Interest Resort are as follows:

A. Location

• The camp and ground locations must have adequate drainage and not be susceptible to floods. It must
be remote from any nuisance source and must not harm any water supply sources or other natural
resources.

B. The Lounge and Reception Desk

• There must be a reception desk and a lounge with furnishings according to the size of the resort.

C. Accommodations in Rooms

• There must be at least five (5) bedrooms that may be rented for permanent site operations, an adequate
and fresh supply of clean linen, a mirror, and an electric fan, unless electricity is not available. In tents,
lean-tos, and similar structures, a minimum of sixteen (16) guests plus the personnel must be
accommodated for mobile operations. The flooring of permanent tents must be at least four (4) inches
above the ground. Tents must be furnished with bedding suited for tropical use. Theme parks are exempt
from this stipulation.

D. Toilet and Bathroom

 • There must be separate, clean toilet and bathroom facilities for male and female guests, with an adequate
supply of running water and located in an inaccessible and unsuitable location. Soap and toilet paper will
be provided in the restroom. For mobile groups, adequate portable chemical toilets must be supplied at
the campsite. In the absence of chemical toilets, acceptable Philippine requirements require the provision
of temporary sanitary latrines. e. Illumination, Furniture, and Ventilation
• The lighting and furniture in all rooms must be of a high quality. In places without electricity, each room
must be equipped with non-hazardous, portable lighting. In addition, adequate ventilation must be
supplied. f. Personnel and Service
• Employ a sufficient number of skilled, experienced, polite, and effective employees. They will always wear
neat uniforms. The frontline workers must have a strong command of the English language.

General Rules for the Operation and Management of Resorts, Section 13.

A. Maintenance and cleaning services

• All areas of the resort should be maintained to an appropriate standard and on an ongoing basis, taking
into account the quality of the materials used.
• The level of housekeeping must provide well-kept, clean, and pollution-free facilities. A regular vermin
control program must be implemented in all parts of the resort. Maintain a regular and sanitary waste
disposal system. Sanitation measures should be implemented in conformity with the criteria outlined in
P.D. 856, the Philippines Code on Sanitation.

B. Lifeguard and security personnel

• All resorts must provide a sufficient number of well-trained lifeguards accredited by the Philippine National
Red Cross, the Water Life Saving Association of the Philippines, or any other recognized organization
training or promoting safety objectives, as well as adequate security whenever guests are present.

C. Medical Services

• All resorts must supply the services of a physician, either on-call or full-time, based on their operating
volume and proximity to hospitals and medical facilities. In addition, resorts must employ sufficient first-
aiders who have finished a course in first aid and are certified by the American Red Cross or an
organization with the same accreditation. Appropriate first aid medications and life-saving equipment must
be available on the premises.

D. Firefighting equipment

• must be provided in compliance with the Philippine Fire Code.

E. Signboards

• The name and classification of the resort, as established by the Department, should be plainly printed on
signboards prominently placed in front of the resort.

F. Lakeside and Beach Resort

• A suitable number of buoys should be erected. These buoys shall be evenly distributed within an area
specified by the resort owner or keeper to be safe for swimming.

G. Designated Area

• The distance in front of the area of the resort with an acceptable number of buoys, as specified in the
preceding section, shall be marked as the swimming area, and no boat, banca, or other vessel shall be
permitted to enter the designated areas. The resortowner or his legally authorized agent shall be
empowered by these rules toenforce the foregoing, and shall also designate a piece of the beachfront to
be utilized only for loading and unloading resort visitors, unlessotherwise determined by area-specific
laws and regulations.

H. Preventative measures

• Under no circumstances shall the resort management permit beachfront swimming after 10:00 p.m., and
an appropriate sign should be erected to advise resort visitors of this restriction.
• Night swimming in the pool is only permitted when there are sufficient lifeguards on duty and the pool
area is adequately lit.
• Management should place sufficient and visible signs in crucial areas of the resort or at the beach to alert
guests/customers of the presence of manmade or natural dangers, danger zones, or events that pose a
threat.

I. Prohibited actions and behaviors

• No dogs or animals are permitted to swim or bathe along beaches. At addition, "pukot" fishing and the
cleaning of fishing nets are forbidden in beach resorts.
• Resort owners are prohibited from allowing ambulant vendors to sell their products on resort property in
order to give their visitors with a level of seclusion that allows them to rest and enjoy their stay. Littering
must be severely forbidden in resorts.
• The owners of resorts must maintain their properties clean and implement their own anti-littering
procedures. Without prejudice to existing resorts, no new resorts may be created or erected within a five-
kilometer radius of any polluting industrial or facility.
RESORT PLANNING

The modern concept of a resort is that planned as an integrated development with consideration given to
its compatibility with the natural environment and possible benefits to local communities.

Economic feasibility analysis:

Analysis of the economic costs and benefits of a project to the entire area, region, or country. A project
may generate overall positive economic benefits by attracting tourists to the area, but not make a profit.

Financial feasibility analysis:

The financial rate of return and profitability of a project based only on its own costs and revenues.

RESORT PLANNING PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Concepts

• Resort Environment give the resort a distinct image and personality that contrasts with the home
environment of the guest.

• Environmental Orientation allow tourists to appreciate nature in a manner that is environmentally

responsible.
• Community-Oriented permit visitor engagement with locals and promote cultural understanding.
• Approach by a multidisciplinary team (e.g. Tourism marketing experts, Planners of land use and site,
Analysts of economic and financial viability, Engineers of transportation and other infrastructure,
Landscape designers and hotel architects, Environmental specialists, Sociologists, Professionals in the
provided activity (such as dive instructors for a dive resort)

RESORT PLANNING PROCESS

1. The resort development objectives, kind, and scale are specified in preliminary form, the site is chosen,
and conceptual planning and a prefeasibility analysis are done. This study contributes to a more precise
identification of facility and land use requirements and infrastructure needs, regional linkages such as site
access and regional integration, and environmental and carrying capacity analysis considerations of
community interactions.
2. Then, the resort and regional/community partnerships plan is established, including phasing of
development, and analyzed environmentally and economically as a foundation for choosing the final plan.
3. As a criterion for deciding on the final plan, a detailed study of the plan's environmental and social impacts
must be done to guarantee that the resort will not have an adverse effect on the environment and
economy.
4. Finally, an economic and financial feasibility analysis is conducted to ensure that the resort would be
commercially viable and provide an appropriate rate of financial return. These findings may potentially
need revisions to the strategy.
 5. The final step is the preparation of the implementation program and the commencement of the first phase
of construction.

Figure 1

Despite the uniqueness of each resort region, the majority of resorts adhere to a core set of design
principles. Resorts can benefit from the notion of land use zoning. A fundamental element is the preservation of
certain natural characteristics, such as beaches, marine regions, ponds, lakes, lagoons, archaeological and historic
sites, huge trees and groups of trees, distinctive geological features, and hilltops. Associated with this conservation
is the maintenance of view planes and corridors so that, in the final design, the building affords vistas of significant
elements.

Important functional clustering of resort amenities and activities, including lodging, commercial and
cultural facilities (typically in an integrated and pedestrian-oriented resort center), and leisure facilities, in
appropriate places. The lodgings should be in close proximity to the resort's primary attractions, such as beaches,
without interfering with them. Hotels, for instance, should be situated away from the beach so that the natural
beauty of the shoreline is preserved and erosion is minimized, yet within walking distance of the beach.

Resorts should have regulated access and a road network that is efficient but not high-speed. The resort
should prioritize pedestrians and, in bigger resorts, encourage the use of non-polluting vehicles, such as small
battery-powered buses, for general transportation inside the resort grounds. Access to the resort should be
restricted, even to the resort's primary attractions, such as beaches and historic sites.
STAGES IN RESORT DEVELOPMENT

1. Feasibility Analysis & Planning that involves demand forecasting, market analysis, location features
evaluation, and financial feasibility study.

2. Construction

3. Operations and Management

Aspects of Resort Construction to Consider in Developing a resort that necessitates a complex trade-off
between positive and negative effects on the ff:

ECONOMIC

Profitability-Determinating Variables

• Potential

Profit is proportional to the number of facilities and guests. Physical limits and ecological constraints limit
capacity, though.

• Seasonal Duration

Is the season long enough for profitability?

• Capital Investment

Heavy expenses for land, buildings, and recreational amenities in terms of fixed assets and long payback
time.

SOCIAL
It is essential for a resort to develop and maintain good relations with the local community
• Employment

Communities appreciate the social impact of employment creation in construction and operations.

Nonetheless, it has societal issues pertaining to employment:

Established industries might be impacted if they lose talented workers to the resort. Communities may
object to the employment of o utsiders for higher-paying positions.

Exposure to the "high" lifestyle of resorts may result in unhappiness with one's own lifestyle and the
development of a false sense of values based on material possessions and creature comforts among
resort employees from the surrounding community.
 • Lifestyle modifications

More wives than spouses may assume financial responsibilities, upending conventional societal
conventions. Residents exposed to the lifestyles of visitors tend to spend more on imported items.
Possible increases in prostitution, drug abuse, and other crimes as a result of tourist involvement.

• Congestation (such as Human traffic and Automobile traffic)

ENVIRONMENTAL

• Pollution caused by fertilizers, pesticides, exhaust fumes, solid wastes, and sewage
• Preserving the growth of resorts may harm the flora and animals
• Aesthetic influence resort development may affect the natural landscape's vista and aesthetic
appeal.

IV. LOCAL RESORT CASE STUDIES

AMANPULO BEACH RESORT, PHILIPPINES

ARCHITECT: BOBBY MANOSA

LOCATION: PAMALICAN ISLAND, PALAWAN, PHILIPPINES

Amanpulo is idyllically encircled by the waves of Palawan, which is recognized for having the greatest
beaches in the world, 360 kilometers south of Manila. In December 1993, Amanpulo was launched as the
eighth Aman resort. The term 'peaceful island' is derived from the combination of the Filipino word Pulo (island)
and the Sanskrit word aman. It is a private island situated in the tranquil Cuyo Archipelago in the northern
Palawan region of the Philippines.

PLANNING CONCEPT
The primary clubhouse of the Amanpulo
Resort was created to provide resort guests extra
convenience during their stay. The clubhouse
features a library, eating facilities, music rooms, and
bathhouses for the pool. The roofline provides a
continuous undulating pattern that is a blend of the
ocean and the mountains beyond the beach, which
were inspired by the collective forms of a local town.

The pool is surrounded by black tiles that aesthetically resemble a pond and serve as a pool. Architecture
and landscape both contribute to Amanpulo's tranquil atmosphere.
 Each villa is equipped with a private pool, a
separate bedroom, living and dining pavilions, an
outside area, and a kitchen. Villas with one, two, or
four bedrooms are available. All villas have a cook
and a staff, and a majority are situated in lovely
garden settings.

SUSTAINABILITY STRATEGY
• Sustainable Power Source
• Natural evaporative cooling
• Indigenous Flora & Fauna
• Natural Illumination
• Utilization of regionally sourced materials
• Paints with a low VOC content
• Flood plain projections for the next 20 years
• Efficacious Illumination
• Composting of Waste Materials
• System STP with exceptional performance
• Water conservation and recycling

CRIMSON BORACAY BEACH RESORT, PHILIPPINES

LOCATION: BORACAY, PHILIPPINES

A creative design solution that combines

contemporary architecture, landscape, and
interiors with the Filipino culture, vivacity, and
flair.

DESIGN STRATEGY

Water-based activities and arriving on a deck in the bay give both access to and an experience above
water. Inspiring guest adventures with the hotel's breathtaking sea-to-land vistas. In a joint effort between
architecture and landscaping, the architecture cascades in blocks and stages down the landscape,
emphasizing the ocean vista from every perspective. The design provides an overall unorthodox contemporary
atmosphere.
STYLE

The cladding of the jewel pavilions

reflects local geometric patterns, creating
both modern and local qualities with
contemporary design. A hotel with intricate
geometric patterns that form an unified
and dynamic language.

The use of a cultural color palette in the design of the guest rooms adds drama and a modern aesthetic.
With the use of acidic accent colors to bring vitality, a stylish and adventurous interior design is created that is
both inviting and motivating.

SPACES

On a steep slope that overlooks a private beach cove, the lodgings and facilities of the luxury vacation
resort are arranged. The resort has 192 rooms, suites, and villas, four swimming pools for all visitors, 23
smaller pools for each of the private villas, several sports and entertainment facilities, and a magnificent
ballroom.
SOUTH PALMS RESORT, PHILIPPINES

LOCATION: PANGLAO, BOHOL

South Palms is the only resort on Panglao Island, Bohol, featuring more than one kilometer of private
beachfront. The addition of a variety of pool villas, beach suites, and low-rise guest rooms to the 2-hectare
property of the new South Palms is designed to further accentuate this distinctive characteristic. The 70
percent open area will contain a variety of landscape components such as water features, children's
recreational spaces, and nature-inspired scenery to compliment the existing coconut palms. South Palms
guarantees an exceptional stay with well-considered, locally-inspired architecture and a unique guest room
decor experience.

DESIGN STRATEGY

Founded on the guiding concepts

of preserving the current local
ecosystem and engaging the
community. The master plan involves
the community in avoiding single-use
plastics, giving free water refill
stations, encouraging sustainable
fishing and local produce, sustainable
transportation, and integrating live
displays monitoring environmental
metrics into the new amenities.

To achieve these objectives, XCO2 takes a holistic approach to sustainable infrastructure and services.
The water strategy shifts toward a closed-loop system that maximizes rainfall collection and wastewater
treatment for reuse. A forward-thinking energy strategy attempts to reduce energy use through passive design,
collaboration with architects to produce naturally ventilated, pleasant buildings, and the inclusion of low and
zero carbon renewable technology.

Key innovative solutions proposed includes water bottling and mineralisation, on-site rainwater collection
and water/wastewater treatment, passive cooling measures, solar thermal and heat pumps, on-site and off-
site photovoltaic arrays, and the use of a local supply chain and materials with low embodied carbon.

SPACES

The 78 rooms and villas at South Palms Resort Panglao emanate serenity, seclusion, and sophistication.
Combining traditional Filipino decor with contemporary elements, our Panglao suites and villas provide
genuine relaxation in a tropical paradise. Each room and villa is equipped with complimentary Wi-Fi, a flat-
screen cable television, air conditioning, a safety deposit box, a terrace, a mini-fridge, and a private bathroom
with a shower, a hairdryer, and complimentary toiletries.

V. INTERNATIONAL RESORT CASE STUDIES

BANYAN TREE CORNICHE BAY

ARCHITECT: NORMAN FOSTER

LOCATION: CORNICHE BAY, REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS

INTRODUCTION

Sir Norman Foster offered a plan for a tourist resort consisting of a collection of cottages. Its strengths
include its enormous buildings, commercial structures, master plans, airports (such as the massive one that
built in Beijing during the Olympic Games),
theaters, etc. This piece, however, reveals
Foster's closest human-scaled livable
design. Designed for the residents' leisure
and comfort, these homes inspire fantasies
of a natural and fresh luxury design, beautiful
vacations with bamboo and wood from the
blue sea.

CONCEPT

The master concept calls for an architecture that is unobtrusive and environmentally conscious, blending
nicely with the rich and expansive terrain. A collection of contemporary buildings is interspersed among tropical
plants to produce an architecture that reacts to the contours of the terrain and simultaneously recedes into the
green wholeness. Dramatic undulating timber-shingle roofs form a sculptural family that unifies and reinvents
island architecture. Together, these components create an exquisite sanctuary in a lush tropical garden, a
pervasive sense of tranquility, and opulent relaxation. The architectural approach is founded on sustainable
design principles, guaranteeing that the masterplan is not only energy-efficient but also contributes to the
regeneration of the surrounding environment. The seamless interaction between the structures and the
landscape is created by the organic palette, which is comprised of natural, sustainable materials. The proposal
establishes a new standard for luxury resort living by providing seclusion and exclusivity.
 Figure 1. Site Planning

SPACES

The complex also includes a

magnificent golf course built by Gary
Player, as well as the Banyan Tree
Hotel and Spa, which is in the
seaside resort.

The architecture of the cottages

was inspired by a single line that was
converted into an unlimited number
of curves to represent the land's
terrain. There are six varieties of cabins, all of which have a similar ceiling language, so forming a family of
consistent design. All cottages have a total space between 540 and 930 square meters and are situated on
parcels ranging from 0.8 to 1.25 hectares. Individual swimming pools, whirlpools, yoga terraces, a home
theater outside the rooms that is connected to the main pool, a bathroom with a sauna and Jacuzzi, as well
as areas for reading and unwinding, are among the facilities of the rooms.
TYPES OF HOUSING

Type I1 houses are more basic, yet still

complete. Its name is derived from its straightforward,
single longitudinal axis and corridor.

Type I2 houses are just slightly different from I1

dwelling types. The two bays for smaller transition
areas are the sole difference between it and its twin
sister. The first is adjacent to the pedestrian entrance
and has a pond that is no longer connected to the
main pool.

Type S houses may split the plant, this time not

in corridors, but in two "S" shapes, concave and
convex, articulated by an entrance point and a tiny
pond at the inflection point. The two concave
perimeters lead to two circular structures; on the
building's access side, a little roundabout enables
essential vehicle movements; and the side view
corresponds to a round pool. These two structures
are encompassed by the unique dwelling types.
 Type U1 houses are more fragmented. They
have a covered surface of 116 square meters and are
not shaped in the typical sense of a "U" with three
wings that open into a central courtyard, but rather as
a quarter circle with one side exposed to the exterior.

Type U2 houses are a minor variant of the U1.

Its outside remains same, but the software evolves
within. The only distinctions are the access and the
pool. In terms of accessibility, there is no roundabout
approach, so vehicles must be parked at a distance,
and a meandering road leads to the residence. The
pool has been relocated to the porch's transitional
area from the covered terrace, with an outdoor pool
with a deck and an exposed space.

Type T its primary distinction of the 212-

square-meter "T" home is its entry, which is built on
an upper level, where parking and service units are
also located. After passing through a major
entrance and immediately descending to the
ground level, you access the house's interior area.
This residence consists of two homes, or a house
and a half.
STRUCTURE

In an attempt to blend in with the

natural surroundings, the dwelling
construction is meant to resemble the
Indians' huts. However, human-made
homes are vastly different from primitive
huts. Regarding short vertical enclosures,
it must be noted that the cover is what
initially catches our attention and intrigues
us.

It is as undulating, winding, and natural as the forest that around it. The placement of wooden beams at
varying angles enables them to form a controlled space. We cannot help but recall these shapes from the
school constructed by Gaudi for the children of the Sagrada Familia's employees.

The inside is covered, creating dynamic areas with varying heights that escape to the exterior, so putting
the interior into contact with its surroundings.

MATERIALS

Due to the remote location of Mauritius

and in order to create a connection between
the new structures and the surrounding
terrain, they were created as closely as
possible with native materials. These
materials also provide a connection
between the island and the dwelling nature
of the old structures, and they are designed
to survive the local weather conditions.

Wood is the primary material used to construct and cover the great part of the construction. Water is the
second feature that is present in all nooks and crannies of the project, further enhancing the blending of the
residents' residences with the surrounding wilderness. Volcanic rock gathered on-site will be utilized to attach
the resort to its surroundings, while other natural elements such as wood shingles, flora, and water are
prominent in the master design. The roofs are intended to maximize natural ventilation and to collect and clean
rainwater for reuse. Solar energy will be utilized, and electric cars will be accessible for site-wide transportation
THE AMANKILA

ARCHITECT: ED TUTTLE

LOCATION: BALI, INDONESIA

INTRODUCTION

Amankila literally "Peaceful hill" is a luxury

hotel atop the hill of Indrakila, close to Manggis
in Karangasem Regency in eastern Bali,
Indonesia. The creator of Aman Resorts, Adrian
Zecha, inaugurated Amankila in March 1992.
The hotel was constructed through a partnership
between Zecha and Indonesian businessman
Franky Tjahyadikarta, the owner of the property
used by Amankila and the Zecha's neighboring project The Serai Manggis (later Alila Manggis).

PHILOSOPHY

Tuttle elaborated on the following. "Both the cultural context of the site and the possible influence of the
constructions on the surrounding environment must be respected."

SPACES

The hotel features 34 suites that are designed like beach bungalows and are connected by walkways.
Individual, freestanding apartments with daybed-furnished patios and thatched roofs. The seats are rattan and
the tables are constructed of coconut shells.

MATERIALS

The interior design of each room is refined and

evokes a sense of subtle grandeur. Bamboo, rattan,
and coconut wood are used to create elegant
furnishings. The regal entry leads to a bedroom with
a four-poster bed, followed by a spacious bathroom
with marble vanities.

STRUCTURE
 The primary structure of the hotel is encased
with blonde stone and embellished with Corinthian
columns. A huge outdoor stairway, a signature of
Tuttle's architecture, leads to the hotel's three-tiered
infinity pool; the pool, which resembles terraced
fields, is constructed into a cliff edge. Each pool flows
into the one underneath it and is constructed with
blue tiles.

The hotel's private beach of black sand is situated at the base of the cliff. The hotel's beach club is located
here, surrounded by coconut palms and frangipani trees, and features a private pool, water sport rentals, and
private lounging hammocks.

The resort is a perfect illustration of Aman's unique design philosophy, which incorporates indigenous
architectural traditions into minimalistic design. The heaped swimming pools are merely the most obvious
manifestation of this idea; they also include a mild resemblance to the ubiquitous Balinese rice paddies. The
architectural splendor of the Amankila's cliff-edge terraces is, however, only one aspect of the hotel's
experience. The strength of the design of the resort rests in its duality; it never shies away from unique
features, but can also fade into the background as another day of relaxation passes.

BARDESSONO ECO RESORT

ARCHITECT: WATG

LOCATION: YOUNTVILLE, NAPA VALLEY IN

CALIFORNIA

In Yountville, California, in the heart of Napa

Valley, Bardessono Eco Resort is a 62-room
boutique luxury inn and spa situated on a 4.92-acre
plot. It is one of the United States' LEED Platinum-
certified structures. The hotel's 940 solar panels generate over half of the property's entire electrical ene rgy
demand.

PLANS

The Bardesoono property has three entrances, one for the main building and the other two for the Lucy
Restaurant & Bar and the spa.The courtyards of each hotel building have distinctive landscaping. This offers
each block a unique view and atmosphere for guests.
 FIGURE 1. SITE MAP

The Bardesoono property has three entrances, one for the main building and the other two for the Lucy
Restaurant & Bar and the spa. The courtyards of each hotel building have distinctive landscaping. This offers
each block a unique view and atmosphere for guests.

The primary block on the ground level is the restaurant block, which has the restrooms in the middle and
the kitchen and service facilities behind them. In addition to the site, the boundary is the transformer's electrical
service area.On this diagram, we can see that every main room has an associated open space, such as the
ballroom's event patio, the lounge's lounge patio, and the main dining room's patio for open dining seating.
Even private dining includes a private terrace.
 On the first level, only the yellow areas are
occupied by rooms; the remainder of the space is
used by solar panels covering the roof. The SPA's
rooftop is a dining-accessible rooftop terrace. This
rooftop patio has a view of Napa Valley. In addition
to the spas, guests at Bardesoono may also enjoy
this rooftop swimming pool. To avoid obstructing
views of the mountains, the building's height has
been kept at a minimum.

SPACES

Bardesoono has three types of rooms in addition to three types of villas. The unique feature of these
apartments is that each has an own courtyard from which to appreciate the view and experience nature.

There are two varieties of SPA Suites: King and King Queen. The sole difference is that the king queen
suite has an additional queen bed.There is a gas fireplace, a massage table, and a beautiful bathroom with a
private garden in this accommodation. In addition to the SPA Suite, the Steam SPA Suite features an outdoor
shower in the private courtyard. This provides a deeper connection to environment and the opportunity to
spend summers outdoors in nature. This suite is larger than the other two rooms and features a deluxe living
space with a larger private patio. There are six Tufa rooms located around the property.

The Villas are designed to accommodate either a single family or three families simultaneously.There are
the Flinth Suite, the Quartole Suite, and the Jaspe Suite.

Each of the three features a private courtyard

and a spa. In addition, there is private
parking. The rooms are beautiful and have a
living area, dining area, and fireplace.The
rooms have big windows to maximize natural
light and adequate shade to minimize
overheating during the warmer months.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

• It was constructed from wood and recyclable steel.

• Reclaimed wood on the cladding of the outside walls and various interior spaces.
• The building's front also included corroded steel panels made from recycled steel.
 • Large portions of the building's façade were constructed using repurposed limestone from a former wine
cellar.
• The ground-level bedrooms offer individual courtyards with outdoor showers and baths to allow visitors to
enjoy the region's mild environment.
• All guestrooms include big, double-paned windows designed to maximize natural light while minimizing
glare and retaining heat throughout the winter months.

SUSTAINABLE ELEMENTS

• To honor the native soils, many of the property's landscaping elements are composed of rammed earth.
• Olive trees 100 years old and other drought-resistant landscaping
• There are eighty-two 300-foot-deep geothermal wells for heating and cooling guestrooms and supplying
hot water.
• Automatic Venetian blinds that allow in the sun in the morning and keep it out in the afternoon.
• Motion-activated lighting in guestrooms
• The Yountville water system includes dual-flush toilets and reuse and treatment of gray and black water
for irrigation.
• 940 solar panels that offer nearly fifty percent of the home's total electrical energy demand.
• Bardessono provides bicycles made of carbon fiber and on-site vegetable gardens. The cuisine of the
eco-boutique hotel emphasizes local, farm-fresh food.

FEATURES

• The design strategy emphasized scale reduction, with no structures surpassing two stories.
• To prevent obstructing views of the surrounding hills, buildings were created with flat roofs and courtyards,
each with its own distinct architectural idea.
• As guests traverse the site, they will encounter diverse landscape elements and sculptures that
encourage them to interact with their natural surroundings and escape to a similar location.
• The rooftop pool at Bardessono provides loungers and diners breathtaking views of Napa.
• They have imbued the entire resort with a sense of nature.
User Analysis

Demographics

Tanay's population growth, along with relevant data and services.

Name Status Population

Tanay Municipality 139,420

Tanay
• 117,830 Population [2015] - Census
• 139,420 Population [2020]-Census
• 283.8 km² Area
• 491.3/km² Population Density [2020]
• 3.6% Annual Population Change [2015 → 2020]
Data gathered from: https://citypopulation.de/en/philippines/luzon/admin/rizal/045812__tanay/

The target users would be people aging from 3-50 years old, both local to the area or tourists from other
cities and other countries. The age group presented are mostly people who can fully enjoy the stay as well as the
amusements offered by the resort or the tourism of the place. These are our target users for the mountain resort
development, people who can fully experience their stay while also catering to other users who are not physically
fit for the provided recreations, they can do simple but fun entertainments that they are physically capable of. The
computed population age group was last updated in 2015.

Age group Population Age group

(2015) percentage
1 to 4 10,997 9.33%
5 to 9 13,440 11.41%
10 to 14 12,741 10.81%
15 to 19 12,479 10.59%
20 to 24 11,275 9.57%
25 to 29 9,283 7.88%
30 to 34 8,343 7.08%
35 to 39 8,088 6.86%
40 to 44 6,373 5.41%
45 to 49 5,758 4.89%
TOTAL: 98,777 78.94%
Data gathered from: https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/r04a/rizal/tanay.html
 According to Puyat, DOT Secretary, Rizal documented 7,200,454 same-day tourism arrivals and 395,364
overnight tourism arrivals proving that Rizal has been a preferred tourist destination for land travelers in 2020.
Because of this, it boosts the tourism of the province helping it emerge as the top contributor for Overnight Tourism
Arrivals in the region, reporting a total of 36% tourist arrivals. From January-December 2020, Rizal has 1,024
foreign travelers and 394,340 domestic travelers. For Tanay, there are a total of 70 foreign travelers and 138,346
domestic travelers.

Resort Activities

According to a research study from Journal of Tourism Management Research, 50.5% of the respondents
prefer to have a resort type of hotel when asked about the classification of hotel they want to stay at in Tanay,
Rizal. Most of them are mountain resort development intended for users to stay for days or weeks because
travelers rarely go to Tanay just to pass, they go there with the intention to stay for a few days to enjoy beauty of
Rizal’s terrain.

Figure 1. Provincial resident’s perspective towards the classification of hotels.

Source: https://archive.conscientiabeam.com/index.php/31/article/view/2865/4713

As for the activities that people usually look for when staying in a resort, they usually prefer water sports,
games, and sports, waterparks, beach parties and clubs, and spas. There are also some outside activities that
people like to do when visiting a resort like, taking part in a guided tour around the area, visiting some local parks,
and they can even go mountain climbing. Among the locals, survey shows that they prefer adventure type of
activities with 36%. 31% for educational activities, and 33% for sightseeing/relaxing kind of activities. Hence, most
of the mountain resorts in the area provide adventure type recreational amusements with sightseeing/relaxing
leisure.
 Figure 2. Provincial resident’s perspective towards activities offered by tour guides or traveling agencies.

Source: https://archive.conscientiabeam.com/index.php/31/article/view/2865/4713

Many resorts offer various land and water amusements to attract tourists and locals, some of the
recreations that resorts in Bali, Indonesia offer are scuba diving, fish feeding, cruise, safari park, mountain cycling,
garden cinema, and yoga class. Coco Grove Beach Resort, a beach resort in Siquijor, offers both outdoor and
indoor activities that are commonly recommended in resort. Although, there are also some amusements that are
not usually offered in other resorts like skettles, caving, bird watching, and motorcycling/scooter rental. Aside from
that, there are also special amusements that people can join in several times of the year, during local events and
fiestas. Numerous water sports are offered by resorts as it is like a given fact, however, for mountain side resorts,
sightseeing, and mountain climbing are the usual relaxation that tourists do when visiting. Ziplines, rappelling, and
rock climbing can also be offered as enjoyments suitable for mountain resorts.

Since our project development is a Mountain Resort, choosing from the leisures mostly provided in
mountain resorts will be most suitable for the development. Ziplines and rappelling will be best for a mountain
resort as they are also recreations that most people are familiar with. As there are no water bodies near the site,
swimming pools will be provided in order to accommodate guests or users that want to enjoy water activities.
Playgrounds, games room, and garden bars will also be provided to add more laid-back recreations that guests
can experience without exerting much energy. Tours, mountain climbing, and falls tour can also be provided as
there are a lot of falls that guests should also experience as well as mountains that they can climb and take pictures
of. Aside from those, there are special entertainment provided during special occasions like fireworks display,
horse drawn wagon rides, and horseback riding.

Year-round Resort Activities

These are a few of the resort's unplanned recreations.

• Zipline
• Rappelling
• Games room
 • Playground
• Tours
• Mountain climbing
• Falls tours
• Spa and massages

These recreations were based off things that most people will enjoy, they are categorized into non-
scheduled activities and scheduled activities. The following non-scheduled activities are available all-year long as
long as the weather is appropriate for them to operate safely. Meanwhile, there are special entertainment provided
for every event within the municipality with scheduled activities provided for each one. Weekly alternating
schedules are also provided to give variation and help guests maximize their stay and experience. Not only will the
resort be able to conserve resources, but this also helps maximize profits as the special amusements are planned
during peak season, where number of visitors are at its highest.

Every Monday and Thursday Every Wednesday and Saturday

Activities Activities

• 5:00pm – 8:00pm Live band • 5:00pm – 10:00pm Live band

• 8:00pm – 12:00am Bonfire (pond) • 8:00pm – 4:00am Garden Bars

3rd Week of January (Tanay Rodeo Festival) 2nd Week of November (Hane Festival)
Activities Activities
• 9:00am – 3:00pm Horseback • 9:00am – 3:00pm Horseback
Riding Riding
• 6:00pm – 7:30pm Live band • 5:00pm – 8:00pm Live Band
• 8:00pm – 12:00am Garden Bars • 8:00pm – 12:00am Bonfire
• 9:00pm – 9:10pm Fireworks (pond)
• 9:00pm – 9:10pm Fireworks

Peak seasons for resorts are usually during dry season or summer, which in our country would be from
November to May. These are “High Season” months when the perceived temperature and humidity both declines,
even though the weather is still tropically warm. Lean Season or Off season for hotels and resorts in the Philippines
would be from the months of June to October, which is the wet season or monsoon that brings with it plenty of
sporadic rain and mild temperature. For travelers who want more tranquility and who wish to avoid crowds and
lines at their favorite locations, this season is great. During certain months, there would be greater availability and
lower hotel and airfare rates. There is also what hospitality industry call as ‘Super Peak’ tourist periods with
designated days per year. These are: Holy week/Easter (March or April), Chinese Lunar New Year (either a week
of January or February), and on December 20 to January 5 (Christmas and New Year’s Eve celebrations).

The initial phase of development is the site planning for a resort. The circumstances, geography,
topography, and other elements of the place must all be carefully investigated and examined. Recognizing
contextual features is also essential because they are essential to the design process. Examples include adjacent
lakes, beaches, mountains, or other natural areas. A key component of the resort design depends on the landscape
to effectively create an environment on and surrounding the property. Additionally, it helps to create environments
that are ambiance-rich by adding the missing vegetation to cityscapes. Green zones within and outside of the
building improve connections between the indoors and outdoors. The resort needs to be reasonably connected to
its surroundings in order to be easily accessible. There must be more than one way to get to the place in order to
evacuate the largest amount of people possible during an emergency. The plan must also feature a range of entry
and exit alternatives to enable simple mobility. When designing a site plan, developers and civil engineers must
be creative to make efficient use of the available area. The site's yield for a particular user must be increased
through efficient use of the available space.

Adjusting the plan of the resort in consideration to the post pandemic, putting more attention into
providing natural air and light into spaces, expanding the quantity of building entrances, adding more windows,
and implementing outdoor balcony area and direct access to the outdoors. Focusing on improving air quality and
reducing germ transmission on shared spaces. In addition to that, controlling the density of people sharing spaces
by wayfinding and signage or adding more spaces that they can use. Putting sinks and cleaning stations in
locations that can easily be accessed in every shared space so users can disinfect after using the space. Biophilic
design is also one of the possible solutions by integrating nature into the site planning creating a transformative
healing environment filled with greenery and light and combining natural materials to the construction of the
structures.

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