Sri Sai Institute Test

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CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE
Foundation Board JEE NEET GUJCET
Important Questions for 12th (NCERT) for GSEB Board Exam - 2022
2 Marks Questions
1. Explain conservation of charge with example.
2. Electric field due to line charge distribution.
3. Calculate the number of protons and electrons in glass of containing 250 gm of water.
4. Three sides of cube of side 20 cm is kept parallel to cooodinate planes. What is the flux due
to electric field of 3 kV/m exist along axis?
5. State characteristics of electric field lines.
6. Derive the formula for the potential energy of electric dipole kept inside uniform electric field.
7. What is capacitor? Derive basic formula for capacitance and then define it.
8. Calculate energy density of capacitor by calculating energy stored in capacitor.
9. Shree Sai Institute

Capacitance of parallel plate air capacitor is 8 pF.Now, distance between plates is reduced
to half and dielectric material of dielectric constant 6 is filled within. Calculate the new
capacitance. CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE
10.
Derive the formula for the series combination of capacitors.
11. Derive the formula for the parallel combination of c apacitors.
12. Why resistivity of conductor increases with temperature? What is the reason we observe
exactly opposite to this in case of semiconductor?
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13. Energy stored in the 900 pF capacitor is 4.5 x 10 J. Now, another uncharged capacitor of
900-pF is connected with the previous one then calculate the total energy stored in the
system of two capacitor.
14. Consider two conducting spheres of radius R1and R2 (R1 >R2). If both spheres have same
potential, showthat large sphere has more charge than smaller one. Also, tell which sphere
has more charge density and which one has less?
15. What is resistivity? State its units and dimensions. On what factors resistivity depend upon?
o o
16. Resistance of silver wire is 2.1 ohm at 27.5 C and 2.7 ohm at 100 C. Using this data, calculate
temperature coefficient of silver.
17. What is parallel connection of cells? Find equivalent emf in the parallel combinations of cells.
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18. What is series connection of cells? Find equivalent emf in the series combinations of cells.
19. State Kirchoff’s first Law and explain it with example.
20. What is electrical energy generated when current is passing through resistance R?
21. What is potentiometer? State and explain its principle.
22. If we use galvanometer in place of ammeter. what trouble we face and how it can be resolved?
23. What is voltage sensitivity of moving coil galvanometer? Derive its formula and explain.
24. State and explain Ampere’s circuital law.
25. What is Bohr Magnetron? Explain using Bohr’s hypothesis.
26. Magnetic dipole moment of bar magnet is 0.32 J/T in uniform magnetic field of 0.15 T.State
in which arrangement it is in (a) Stable and (b) unstable equilibrium. In both cases, what is
the potential energy of bar magnet?
27. What is magnetization? Give it formula & unit.
28. Calculate the torque acting on magnetic needle kept inside uniform magnetic field. Using this
derive the formula for time period of its oscillations.
29. Earth’s magnetic field near the equator is 0.4 G. Calculate magnetic dipole moment of Earth’s
magnetic field.
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30.
A magnetic dipole is under the influence of two magnetic fields. The angle between the field
directions is 60º, and one of the fields has a magnitude of 1.2 × 10–2 T. If the dipole comes
to stable equilibrium at an angle of 15º with this field, what is the magnitude of the other
field?
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31. Magnetic dipole moment of magnetic needle is 6.7 x 10 7Am2 and moment of inertia is 7.5
x 10- 6 kgm 2. If it complete 10 oscillations in 6.7 second, calculate magnetic field intensity.
32. 2.5 A current is flowing from air cored solenoid of length 30 cm, 500 turns and cross-
2
sectional area 25 cm . This current is reduced to zero in 1 millisecond by switching off the
circuit. Calculate the back emf produced across the terminals of solenoid. Ignore variations in
magnetic field near the edge.
33. Rowland ring of average radius 15 cm has 3500 turns and relative permeability 800. If
magnetizing current is 1.2 A then calculate magnetic field within the core.
34. Calculate the induced emf produced across rotating rod in uniform magnetic field.
35. Using Lorentz force acting on chargeinserted perpendicular to magnetic field explain
motional emf and derive its formula.
36. What is inductor? For inductor, derive the formula for energy stored.
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37. Two coils of turns N1 and N 2 are kept near to each other. The currents in them are1 Iand I 2
flowing simultaneously. Calculate induced emf in first coil in this case.
38. What is self- inductance? Derive the formula for self - inductance of long solenoid.
39. Derive the formula for induced emf across the rod moving on U shaped frame within magnetic
field perpendicular to it.
40. Calculate the potential energy of bar magnet kept inside uniform magnetic field. Discuss its
various cases.
41. State any five characteristics of EM waves.
42. State and explain Curie’s Law.
43. Derive the formula for instantaneous power in AC circuit containing only capacitor. Using this
derive average power over one time period.
44. Explain rms value of voltage and current for circuit containing only resistance Using this derive
the formula for average power in terms of these rms values.
45. What is sharpness of resonance curve? Give the formula for Q factor.
46. Figure shows a capacitor made of two circular plates each of radius 12 cm, and separated by
5.0 cm. The capacitor is being charged by an external source (not shown in the figure). The
charging current is constant and equal to 0.15A. (a) Calculate the capacitance and the rate of
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charge of potential difference between the plates. (b) Obtain the displacement current across
the plates.
47. Define Mutual inductance and on what factor it is depending upon.
48. Using energy density of electric field, derive the formula for magnetic field energy density in
case of EM waves.
49. How microwaves are originated and what are its applications ?
50. State the relation of electric permittivity and magnetic permeability with speed of light. Verify
it using dimensional analysis.
51. Explain production of Ultraviolet waves with its applications.
52. What is reflection? Explain with all the laws of reflections.
53. What is power of lens? Define the formula for the power of lens and state its SI unit.
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54. Derive Lens Makers formula for thin lens.
55. What is simple microscope? Derive the formula for its magnification when image is formed at
near point.
56. Derive the relation between focal length and radius of curvature for spherical mirror.
57. For prism draw the graph of angle of deviation v/s angle of incidence and the explain angle
of minimum deviation.
58. Derive the formula for refractive index of glass prism has angle of minimum deviation 40 o .
Calculate the refractive index of prism using this. How this angle of minimum deviation change
if we put this prism in the water? Refractive indices of glass and water are 1.5 and 1.33
respectively.
59. Derive the formula for refractive index of prism.
60. Explain total internal reflection. .
61. Derive the formula for distance between two consecutive bright/dark fringes.
62.
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State and explain Huygen’s Principle for spherical wavefronts.
63. Foundation Board JEE NEET GUJCET
Discuss fringe pattern produced on screen by interference of waves produced from two
coherent sources kept at certain distance away.
64. In YDSE distance between slits is 0.28 mm and screen is kept at 1.2 cm. Calculate wavelength
of light using this data.
65. State and explain Malus Law.
66. State characteristics of photon.
67. What are the observation of Hallwachs - Lenard experiment?
68. Explain experimental arrangement of photoelectric effect with necessary figure.
69. State the methods of emission of electrons from metal and explain them.
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70. What is work function of metal? What are its units and on what factorsit depend upon?
71. A light having energy flux 18 W/m2 falls on the surface of area 20 cm2 perpendicular to it for
30 minutes. What is the force on this surface during this time?
72. Calculate the intensity at distance 3 m from the point source of 100W. Consider the efficiency
of source equal to 2.5%.
73. Threshold frequency of metal is 3.3 x 1014 Hz. If light of frequency 8.2 x 1014 Hz allowed to
fall on this metal, calculate the cut off voltage for electron emission.
74. 100 W sodium lamp kept at the centre of large spherical body emits radiations uniformly
everywhere. Spherical body absorbs all the radiations falling on it. Wavelength of sodium light
is 589 nm. (a) Find the energy of photon for this light and (b) calculate the rate of falling of
photon on spherical body.
75. Light of wavelength 488 nm produced from Ar - Laser falls on the emitter having stopping
potential 0.38 V. Calculate work function for the emitter material.
76. Write and Explain Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.
77. Explain Geiger Marsden experiment with necessary diagram.
78. Explain (a) Emission Spectra and (b) Absorption Spectra.
79. Explain Rutherford model and state its limitation.

State Postulates of Bohr model.
81.
State five limitations of Bohr Model.
82. What is the principle quantum number o
c rresponding to earth revolving around sun with
speed 30000 m/s? Take mass of earth = 6.0 x 1024 kg and 1 A.U. = 1.5 x 10 11 m.
83. Experiments tells that, to split proton and electron from hydrogen atom 13.6 eV energy is
needed. Calculate orbital radius of hydrogen atom using this fact.
84. Explain arrangement of Davisson Germer experiment.
85. If nucleus of atomic mass 240 and Binding energy per nucleon = 7.6 MeV splits into two
nuclei of atomic mass 120 and Binding energy per nucleon = 8.5 MeV then calculate the
energy liberated during this process.
86. How nuclear radius is determined? State formula relating radius with atomic mass for nucleus.
87. Draw the graph of Binding Energy per nucleon v/s atomic mass and discuss important points
related to this.
88. What is nuclear fission? Explain.
89. What is beta decay? Even if there are no electrons exist in nucleus, how they can come out
from nucleus?
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90. Derive relation between angle of incidence, angle of emergence, prism angle and
angle of deviation for prism. Using it derive prism deviation for prism with small prism
angle.
91. Radius of curvature of concave mirror is 15 cm. If we put an object in front of mirror
at (a) 10 cm and (b) 5 cm the discuss its position of image and its properties.
92. Distance between two slit is 1 mm and screen is 1 m away. What should the width of
each slit be to obtain 10 maxima of the double slit pattern within the central maximum
of the single slit pattern?
93. In YDSE, intensity of point on the screen is K when path difference between waves is
l. What would be the intensity of light when path difference is one third of previous
value? YDSE is performed using monochromatic light of wavelength. l
94. What is polaroids and how it polarizes light? Explain.
95. Explain: Polarization by reflection and then from it state and prove Brewster’s Law.
96. Discuss the nature of emerging light when polaroid is rotated between two cross
polaroids.
97.
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In Geiger Marsden experiment, alpha particle of energy 7.7 MeV become stationary
momentarily and then returns back. Calculate its distance of closest approach.
98.
State the characteristics of photoelectric effect.
99. Work function of caesium is 2.14 eV. When light of frequency 6 x 1014 Hz is applied
on it electrons are emitted from it. Calculate (a) Maximum KE of emitted electrons (b)
stopping potential and (c) maximum speed of photoelectrons.
100. Photon of sunlight has average wavelength of 550 nm. If energy flux of sunlight falling
on earth’s surface is 1.388 x 103 W/m2 then calculate number of photons falling per
unit area per unit time on Earth’s surface.
101. Explain why electrons are revolving around nucleus by calculating energy of electron
in the orbit of hydrogen atom.
102. When electron from H- atom falls from high energy level to low energy level, calculate
the formula for frequency and wave number of emitted radiations.
103. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to obtain
interference fringes in a Young’s double- slit experiment. (a) Find the distance of the
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105. State the law of radioactive decay and derive it.
106. What is rate of disintegration? State its various formulas and explain it.
107. Derive the formula for mean life of radioactive element in terms of decay constant.
108. State Law of radioactivity and draw graph of undisintegrated nuclei v/s time from that. State
its characteristics.
109. What is half -life of radioactive material? Derive itsrelationship with decay constant.
110. Show that density of nucleus is constantand independent of atomic mass,using empirical
formula of radius of nucleus. Also, show that volume of nucleus is directly proportional to it
atomic mass.
111. What is hypothesis of hole in semiconductor? Explain.
112. State any four differences between N type and P type semiconductor.
113. Explain Voltage regulator using Zener Diode.
114. Make truth table for given logic gates. (Various Logic gate circuits may be given here)
115. What is the range of band gap of semiconducting material which is used to create LED
producing visible light? Consider range of wavelength of visible light from 0.4 mm to 0.7 mm.
116. What is NAND gate? Explain it with symbol, truth table, work and Boolean equation.
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3 Marks Questions CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE
1.
Calculate the electric field intensity of very long uniformly charge linear wire. Consider
line charge density of that wire isl.
2. State Coulomb’s law and represent it in vector form.
3. State and explain super position principle for stationary charges. Derive its general
formula too.
4. Three equal charges are kept on the vertices of an equilateral triangle. Find the net
force acting on charge Q kept at the centroid of triangle.
5. A charge of 8 mC is located at the origin. Calculate the work done in taking a small
charge of –2 × 10 –9 C from a point P (0, 0, 3 cm) to a point Q (0, 4 cm, 0), via a point
R (0, 6 cm, 9 cm).
6. Calculate electric field at any point on(a) equatorial line and (b) on the axis of short
electric dipole.
7. An electric field is uniform, and in the positivex direction for positive x, and uniform
with the same magnitude but in the negativex direction for negative x. It is given that
E = 200 i N/C for x > 0 and E = –200 i N/C for x < 0. A right circular cylinder of length
20 cm and radius 5 cm has its centre at the origin and its axis along thex-axis so
that one face is at x = +10 cm and the other is at x = –10 cm (Fig). (a) What is the
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net outward flux through each flat face? (b) What is the flux through the side of the
cylinder? (c) What is the net outward flux through the cylinder? (d) What is the net
charge inside the cylinder?
8. In a certain region of space, electric field is along the z- direction throughout. The
magnitude of electric field is, however, not constant but increases uniformly along the
positive z-direction, at the rate of 105 NC –1per metre. What are the force and torque
experienced by a system having a total dipole moment equal to 10 –7 Cm in the
negative z - direction?
9. Calculate the torque acting on magnetic dipole kept inside uniform magnetic field.
10. Calculate the potential energy of system of two charges kept in external field at
distance r from each other.
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11.
charge.
Calculate electric potential at distance r within the electric field of point positive

12. Two charges 5 × 10– 8 C and –3 × 10 – 8 C are located 16 cm apart. At what point(s)
on the line joining the two charges is the electric potential zero? Take the potential
at infinity to be zero.
13. Four charges are arranged at the corners of a square ABCD of side d , as shown in
Figure. (a) Find the work required to put together this arrangement. (b) A charge q 0
is brought to the centre E of the square, the four charges being held fixed at its
corners. How much extra work is needed to do this?
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14. Area of parallel plate capacitor is 90 cm2. Distance between plates is 2.5 mm. If we
connect this capacitor with supply of 400 V then (a) Calculate energy stored in
capacitor (b) Consider that energy is stored in capacitor between its plates and hence
find energy stored per unit volume u. Also, derive the relation between electric field
and energy density.
15. μF in a circuit across a potential

An electrical technician requires a capacitance of 2
difference of 1 kV. A large number of 1 μF capacitors areavailable to him each of
which can withstand a potential difference of not more than 400 V. Suggest a possible
arrangement that requires the minimum number of capacitors.
16. What is series combination of resistances? Derive the formula for effective resistance
of three unequal resistors in series and from it write formula for n unequal resistances
in series.
17. What is parallel combination of resistances? Derive the formula for effective resistance
of three unequal resistors in parallel and from it, write formula for n unequal
resistances in parallel.
18. In the circuit Figure the current is to be measured. What isthe value of the current if
the ammeter shown (a) is a galvanometer with a resistance RG = 60.00 Ω; (b) is a
galvanometer described in (a) but converted to an ammeter by a shunt resistance rs
= 0.02 Ω; (c) is an ideal ammeter with zero resistance?
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19. A heating element using nichrome connected to a 230 V supply draws an initial
current of 3.2 A which settles after a few seconds to a steady value of 2.8 A. What is
the steady temperature of the heating element if the room temperature is 27.0 °C?
Temperature coefficient of resistance of nichrome averaged over the temperature
range involved is 1.70 × 10 –4 °C–1.
20 Calculate effective resistances across two points on the cube made of 12 wires of
equal length. (Points can be any). Also calculate current in each loop.
21. The resistance of the platinum wire of a platinum resistance thermometer at the ice
point is 5 Ω and at steam point is 5.23 Ω. When the thermometer is inserted in a hot
bath, the resistance of the platinum wire is 5.795Ω. Calculate the temperature of the
bath.
22. An electric toaster uses nichrome for its heating element. When a negligibly small
current passes through it, its resistance at room temperature (27.0 °C) is found to be
75.3 Ω. When the toaster is connected to a 230 V supply, the current settles, after a
few seconds, to a steady value of 2.68 A. What is the steady temperature of the
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nichrome element? The temperature coefficient of resistance of nichrome averaged
over the temperature range involved, is 1.70 × 10–4 °C–1.
23. State Biot-Savart law for magnetic field intensity produced due to small current
element. Using this tell direction of magnetic field and calculate unit and dimensions
of magnetic field intensity.
24. Calculate magnetic field intensity on the axis of circular current carrying ring using
Biot savart Law.
25. A cyclotron’s oscillator frequency is 10 MHz. What should be the operating magnetic
field for accelerating protons? If the radius of its ‘dees’ is 60 cm, what is the kinetic
energy (in MeV) of the proton beam produced by the accelerator.
26. A wire carrying 2 A current has mass 200 gm and length 1.5 m. It is kept levitated in
air such that its weight and its length stay perpendicular to magnetic field. What
magnetic field is needed for this?
27. Derive the formula for force acting between two current carrying parallel wires. Using
this define 1 ampere.
28. Calculate magnetic field intensity of very long solenoid.
29. Derive the formula for force acting on moving charge in uniform magnetic field. Using
that define Lorentz force and its formula.
30.
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A long solenoid with 15 turns per cm has a small loop of area 2.0 cm placed inside
the solenoid normal to its axis. If the current carried by the solenoid changes steadily
Foundation
from 2.0 A to
changing?
4.0 A in 0.1 s, whatBoard JEE
is the induced emfNEET
in the loopGUJCET
while the current is
31. Consider two parallel coaxial circular coils of equal radius R and number of turns N,
carrying equal currents in the same direction, and separated by a distance R .Show
that the field on the axis around the mid-point between the coils is uniform over a
distance that is small as compared to R and is given by, 0.72m0NI/R , approximately.
32. A circular coil of radius 10 cm, 500 turns and resistance 2 Ω is placed with its plane
perpendicular to the horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic field. It is rotated
about its vertical diameter through 180° in 0.25 s. Estimate the magnitudes of the
emf and current induced in the coil. Horizontal component of the earth’s magnetic
field at the place is 3.0 × 10 –5 T.
33. A square loop of side 12 cm with its sides parallel to X and Y axes is moved with a
velocity of 8 cm s–1 in the positive x- direction in an environment containing a magnetic
field in the positive z - direction. The field is neither uniform in space nor constant in
time. It has a gradient of 10–3 T cm–1 along the negativex-direction (that is it increases
by 1O– 3 T cm–1 as one moves in the negativex-direction), and it is decreasing in time
at the rate of 10 –3 T s–1. Determine the direction and magnitude of the induced current
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in the loop if its resistance is 4.50 m Ω.
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34. Derive the formula for induced emf due to motion of rod on the U - shaped frame.
35. Explain mutual inductance of two co

- axial solenoids and also derive its formula.
36. Define power for AC circuits. Derive the formula for average power in case of LCR
series AC circuits.
37. A circuit containing 80 mH inductor and a 60 μF capacitor in series is connected to

a 230 V, 50 Hz supply. The resistance of the circuit is negligible. (a) Obtain the current
amplitude and rms values. (b) Obtain the rms values of potential drops across each
element. (c) What is the average power transferred to the inductor? (d) What is the
average power transferred to the capacitor?(e) What is the total average power
absorbed by the circuit?
38. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283 V and frequency 50 Hz is applied to a series
LCRcircuit in which R = 3 Ω, L = 25.48 mH, and C = 796 μF. Find (a) the impedance
of the circuit; (b) the phase difference between the voltage across the source and the
current; (c) the power dissipated in the circuit; and (d) the power factor.
39. At a hydroelectric power plant, the water pressure head is at a height of 300 m and
the water flow available is 100 m3s–1. If the turbine generator efficiency is 60%,
estimate the electric power available from the plant ( g = 9.8 ms –2).
40.
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A beam of light converges at a point P. Now a lens is placed in the path of the
convergent beam 12cm from P. At what point does the beam converge if the lens is
(a) a convex lens of focal length 20cm, and (b) a concave lens of focal length 16cm?
41. Foundation
Derive mirror Board
formula for concave JEE real
mirror producing NEET
image.GUJCET
42. Explain principle, construction and working of optical fibre.
43. Suppose you are sitting in the parked car, and you see a person running towards the
car with speed 5 m/s from the side mirror. If person is 9 m away from car the calculate
the speed of its image in the side mirror.
44. A light is falling on spherical surfaceof refractive index 1.5 and radius of curvature
20 cm from source kept in air at 100 cm distance from spherical surface. Find the
location of image.
45. Derive relation between angle of incidence, angle of emergence, prism angle and
angle of deviation for prism. Using it derive prism deviation for prism with small prism
angle.
46. Radius of curvature of concave mirror is 15 cm. If we put an object in front of mirror
at (a) 10 cm and (b) 5 cm the discuss its position of image and its properties.
47. By using relation of refracting index & angle of deviation for prism, obtain the condition
for thin prism.
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48. Distance between two slit is 1 mm and screen is 1 m away.What should the width of
each slit be to obtain 10 maxima of the double slit pattern within the central maximum
of the single slit pattern?
49. In YDSE, intensity of point on the screen is K when path difference between waves is
l. What would be the intensity of light when path difference is one third of previous
value? YDSE is performed using monochromatic light of wavelength l .
50. What is polaroids and why it polarizes light? Explain.
51. Explain: Polarization by reflection and then from it state and prove Brewster’s Law.
52. Discuss the nature of emerging light when polaroid is rotated between two cross
polaroids.
53. In Geiger Marsden experiment, alpha particle of energy 7.7 MeV become stationary
momentarily and then returns back.Calculate its distance of closest approach.
54. State the characteristics of photoelectric effect.
55. Work function of caesium is 2.14 eV. When light of frequency 6 x 1014 Hz is applied
on it electrons are emitted from it. Calculate (a) Maximum KE of emitted electrons (b)
stopping potential and (c) maximum speed of photoelectrons.
56. Photon of sunlight has average wavelength of 550 nm. If energy flux of sunlight falling
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on earth’s surface is 1.388 x 103 W/m2 then calculate number of photons falling per
unit area per unit time on Earth’s surface.
57. CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE

Explain why electrons are revolving around nucleus by calculating energy of electron
in the orbit of hydrogen atom.
58. Discuss quantization of angular momentum for electron behaving like wave in atom.
59. When electron from H -atom falls from high energy level to low energy level, calculate
the formula for frequency and wave number of emitted radiations.
60. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to obtain
interference fringes in a Young’s double-slit experiment. (a) Find the distance of the
third bright fringe on the screen from the central maximum for wavelength 650 nm
(b) What is the least distance from the central maximum where the bright fringes due
to both the wavelengths coincide?
61. Work function of caesium is 2.14 eV. (a) Find threshold frequency of caesium. (b) Find
wavelength of light if 0.6 V stopping potential makes photoelectric current zero.
62. As per Bohr’s model derive formula for radius of nth orbit of electron around nucleus.
63. Accepting the formula for the radius of nth orbit of electron as per Bohr model, derive
the formula for its energy.
64. Obtain the first Bohr’s radius and the ground state energy of amuonic hydrogen atom
[i.e., an atom in which a negatively charged muon (μ–) of mass about 207me orbits
around a proton].
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65. Consider that the gravitational force is acting between protons and electrons in atom.
With this fact calculate the radius of first orbit i.e. Bohr orbit in hydrogen atom.
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66. As Earth is revolving aroun d Sun, electrons revolve around nucleus of size 10 m in
orbit of radius 10 -10 m. If we consider the dimensions of Sun Earth system like atomic
dimensions, predict what would be the distance between Sun and Earth? Is it going
to be less than the actual or more? 1 AU = 1.5 x 1011 m and radius of Sun is 7 x 108
m.
67. A satellite of mass 10 kg revolves around earth in orbit of radius 8000 km completes
its revolutions every 2 hour. Apply Bohr theory to this satellite and find the quantum
number for this orbit.
68. What is equivalent energy corresponding to one atomic mass unit? Derive it in Joule
and eV both. After that represent mass defect of Oxygen (O -16) in terms of MeV/c2.
Mass of nucleus of O -16 is 15.99053u. Take 1u = 1.6605 x 10 -27 kg, 1eV = 1.602
x 10 -19 J and c = 2.9979 x 10 8 m/s.
69. What is nuclear chain reaction? What is the criteria for successful operation of it?
Explain issues and solutions related to this.
70. A 1000 W nuclear reactor utilizes its half of the fuel in 5 years. Calculate the initial
amount of fuel of U-235, considering that it functions for 80% of the total time. Here,
all the energy produces by fission of U -235 only. Take Avogadro number NA = 6 x
10 23 mol-1.
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71. CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE
What amount of Co-60 is needed to have radioactivity equal to 8.0 mCi? Half - life of
Co-60 is 5.3 year.
9
72. Half-life of U-235 undergoing radioactive decay is 4.5 x 10 yr. What is activity of 1
gm sample of U -235? Take Avogadro number NA = 6.025 x 10 23 mol-1.
73. Explain n- type and p- type material on the basis of bandtheory.
74. In pure semiconductor crystal, there are 5 x 1028 atoms/m 3. If it is dopped by Arsenic
atoms with impurity concentration 1 ppm, then calculate the number of holes and
electrons in dopped material.
75. What is rectification? Draw the circuit ofhalf wave rectifier and explain its function
with necessary waveforms.
76. Explain application of two PN junction diode as full wave rectifier. Explain it with
necessary waveforms.
77. Explain Photo Diode with its construction and working.
78. Explain solar cell with its construction and working.
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79. Write the truth table for the circuits given in Figure consisting of NOR gates only.
Identify the logic operations (OR, AND, NOT) performed by the two circuits.
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nd
4 Marks Questions
1. Calculate electric potential at any point due to electric dipole.
2. Two tiny spheres carrying charges 1.5 μ C and 2.5μC are located 30 cm apart. Find
the potential and electric field: (a) at the mid-point of the line joining the two charges,
and (b) at a point 10 cm from this midpoint in a plane normal to the line and passing
through the mid-point.
3. Two point charges q1 and q2, of magnitude +10 –8 C and 10 – –8 C, respectively, are
placed 0.1 m apart. Calculate the electric fields at points A, B and C shown in Figure.

Two charges –q and +q are located at points (0, 0, –a) and (0, 0, a), respectively. (a)
What is the electrostatic potential at the points (0, 0,z) and (x, y, 0)? (b) Obtain the
dependence of potential on the distancer of a point from the origin when r/ a >> 1.
© How muchFoundation Board
work is done in moving JEE
a small NEET
test charge GUJCET
from the point (5,0,0) to
(– 7,0,0) along the x-axis? Does the answer change if the path of thetest charge
between the same points is not along thex-axis?
5. The electric field components in Figure are Ex = αx1/2 , Ey = Ez = 0, in which α = 800

N/C m1/2 . Calculate (a) the flux through the cube, and (b) the charge within the cube.
Assume thata = 0.1 m.
6. Explain emf and internal resistance of cell and derive relation for terminal voltage.
nd
7. Determine the current in each branch of the network shown in figure.
8. The four arms of a Wheatstone bridge (Fig ure) have the following resistances: AB =
100 Ω, BC = 10Ω, CD = 5Ω ,and DA = 60Ω. A galvanometer of 15 Ω resistance is
connected ac ross BD. Calculate the current through the galvanometer when a
potential difference of 10 V is maintained across AC.
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9. Determine the current drawn from a 12V supply with internal resistance 0.5 Ω by the
infinite network shown in Figure. Each resistor has 1Ω resistance.
10. A network of resistors is connected to a 16 V battery with internal resistance of 1 Ω,

as shown in Figure (a) Compute the equivalent resistance of the network. (b) Obtain
the current in each resistor. (c) Obtain the voltage drops VAB, VBC and VCD.
nd
11. What is Wheatstone Bridge? Explain its principle. Draw a circuit of meter bridge and
then explain how you can find an unknown resistance using it.
12. Explain energy and power loss in a conductor by deriving related formulas.
13. Find the current through each branch of the circuit.
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14. What would be the radius, frequency of revolution andenergy in KeV of electron
moving with speed 3 x 107 m/s perpendicular to the magnetic field of 6 x 10-4 T?
15. A resistance ofR Ω draws current from apotentiometer. The potentiometer has a total
resistanceR0 Ω (see figure). A voltage V is supplied to the potentiometer. Derive an
expression for the voltage acrossR when the sliding contact is in the middle of the
potentiometer.
16. Discuss cyclotron with its structure and working. Also, derive formula for frequency
and kinetic energy for charged particle moving within cyclotron.
17. Calculate the toque acting on current carrying rectangular coil kept inside uniform
magnetic field. If that coil has N turns, state torque again.
nd
18. What is toroid? Calculate the formula for magnetic field intensity inside the current
carrying toroid.
19. Obtain the relation between instantaneous voltage and current using
phasor diagram
for LCR series AC connection.
20. Derive the formula for phase difference between instantaneous voltage and current
using analytical solution.
21. A series LCRcircuit with L = 0.12 H, C = 480 nF, R = 23 Ω is connected to a 230 V

variable frequency supply. (a) What is the source frequency for which current
amplitude is maximum. Obtain this maximum value. (b) What is the source frequency
for which average power absorbed by the circuit is maximum. Obtain the value of this
maximum power. (c) For which frequencies of the source is the power transferred to
the circuit half the power at resonant frequency? What is the current amplitude at
these frequencies?(d) What is theQ-factor of the given circuit?
22. Figure 7.21 shows a series LCR circuit connected to a variable frequency 230 V
source. L = 5.0 H, C = 80 μF, R = 40 Ω. (a) Determine the source frequency which
drives the circuit in resonance. (b) Obtain the impedance of the circuit and the
amplitude of current at the resonating frequency. (c) Determine the rms potential
drops across the three elements of the circuit. Show that the potential drop across
the LC combination is zero at the resonati ng frequency.
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23. (a) Discuss power in AC circuit containing only inductor. (b)obtain formula for average
power in LCR series AC circuit and then discuss power in circuit containing (i) only
resistor (ii) only inductor and (iii) only capacitor.
24. Derive the formula of current passing through capacitor when ACsource is connected.
Draw waveforms of current and voltage. Discuss its power too.
25. Draw LC circuit and derive its differential equation. Obtain its solution and then write
equation of current.
26. (a) Explain working of transformer. (b) For ideal transformer, derive the formula for
transformation ratio.
27. Deduce the equation of current passing through inductor connected with AC circuit.
Explain it with waveforms of voltage and current.
28. A card sheet divided into squares each of size 1 mm2 is being viewed at a distance
of 9 cm through a magnifying glass (a converging lens of focal length 9 cm) held close
to the eye. (a) What is the magnification produced by the lens? How much is the area
of each square in the virtual image? (b) What is the angular magnification (magnifying
nd
power) of the lens? (c) Is the magnification in (a) equal to the magnifying power in
(b)? Explain.
29. What is total internal reflection? State its conditions. Define critical angle and derive
the formula for critical angle.
30. Explain Optical fibre with its principle, construction and working. State its applications.
31. State and explain superposition principle of waves produced in stationary water. From
this, derive the formula for intensity of light at a point where constructive and
destructive interference occurs.
32. In YDSE, derive the formula for path difference between waves at a point on screen
in terms of x, d and D.
33. (i) If f = 0.5 m for a glass lens, what is the power of the lens? (ii) The radii of curvature
of the faces of a double convex lens are 10 cm and 15 cm. Its focal length is 12 cm.
What is the refractive index of glass? (iii) A convex lens has 20 cm focal length in .air
What is focal length in water? (Refractive index of air -water = 1.33, refractive index
for air-glass = 1.5.)
34. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0cm and an
eyepiece of focal length 6.25cm separated by a distanc e of 15cm. How far from the
objective should an object be placed in order to obtain the final image at (a) the least
distance of distinct vision (25cm), and (b) at infinity? What is the magnifying power of
the microscope in each case?
Two lenses are kept in contact with each other. For this, derive formula for effective
focal length and power.
36.
Explain lateral shift from glass slab by deriving related formula.
37. Derive formula of resultant intensity when phase difference between waves at
particular point on the screen is f.
38. (a) Show that light emerged out frompolarizer is having half the intensity of applied
unpolarized light on polarizer. (b) Explain polarization by scattering.
39. What is stopping potential? Explain effect of frequency of applied radiations on

stopping potential in photoelectric effect with necessary graphs.
40. What is ground state of atom? Explain ionization and excitation energy in hydrogen
atom.
41. Discuss Einstein’s explanation of Photoelectric effect and then draw graph of stopping
potential v/s frequency and discuss it also.
42. A 12.5 eV electron beam is used tobombard gaseous hydrogen at room temperature.
What series of wavelengths will be emitted?
43. Using Rydberg formula, calculate wavelengths of first four series of Lymen in hydrogen
atom.
44. (a) Using Bohr model, calculate speed of electron in level n=1, 2 and 3 for hydrogen
atom. (b) Obtain orbital radius and time period in this situation.
nd
45. What is depletion region and depletion barrier in PN junction? Explain.
46. Explain: construction, working and application of LED.
47. Using band theory, explain conductors(metals), semiconductors and insulators.
48. Discuss in detail with working truth table and Boolean equation: (A) OR Gate (B) AND
Gate.
49. In PN junction diode, explain effects of forward bias and reversed bias on diode draw
current v/s voltage graph for diode.
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nd

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Shree Sai Institute

1. Explain conservation of charge with example.

2. Electric ﬁeld due to line charge distribution.

5. State characteristics of electric ﬁeld lines.

8. Calculate energy density of capacitor by calculating energy stored in capacitor.

9. Shree Sai Institute

11. Derive the formula for the parallel combination of c apacitors.

19. State Kirchoﬀ’s ﬁrst Law and explain it with example.

21. What is potentiometer? State and explain its principle.

24. State and explain Ampere’s circuital law.

25. What is Bohr Magnetron? Explain using Bohr’s hypothesis.

27. What is magnetization? Give it formula & unit.

42. State and explain Curie’s Law.

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47. Deﬁne Mutual inductance and on what factor it is depending upon.

51. Explain production of Ultraviolet waves with its applications.

52. What is reﬂection? Explain with all the laws of reﬂections.

59. Derive the formula for refractive index of prism.

60. Explain total internal reﬂection. .

65. State and explain Malus Law.

66. State characteristics of photon.

67. What are the observation of Hallwachs - Lenard experiment?

68. Explain experimental arrangement of photoelectric eﬀect with necessary ﬁgure.

76. Write and Explain Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle.

77. Explain Geiger Marsden experiment with necessary diagram.

78. Explain (a) Emission Spectra and (b) Absorption Spectra.

79. Explain Rutherford model and state its limitation.

80. Shree Sai Institute

84. Explain arrangement of Davisson Germer experiment.

88. What is nuclear ﬁssion? Explain.

94. What is polaroids and how it polarizes light? Explain.

111. What is hypothesis of hole in semiconductor? Explain.

113. Explain Voltage regulator using Zener Diode.

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2. State Coulomb’s law and represent it in vector form.

Foundation Board JEE NEET GUJCET

15. μF in a circuit across a potential

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28. Calculate magnetic ﬁeld intensity of very long solenoid.

35. Explain mutual inductance of two co

37. A circuit containing 80 mH inductor and a 60 μF capacitor in series is connected to

42. Explain principle, construction and working of optical ﬁbre.

50. What is polaroids and why it polarizes light? Explain.

54. State the characteristics of photoelectric eﬀect.

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57. CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE

73. Explain n- type and p- type material on the basis of bandtheory.

77. Explain Photo Diode with its construction and working.

78. Explain solar cell with its construction and working.

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1. Calculate electric potential at any point due to electric dipole.

4. Shree Sai Institute

5. The electric ﬁeld components in Figure are Ex = αx1/2 , Ey = Ez = 0, in which α = 800

Shree Sai Institute

10. A network of resistors is connected to a 16 V battery with internal resistance of 1 Ω,

13. Find the current through each branch of the circuit.

Shree Sai Institute

21. A series LCRcircuit with L = 0.12 H, C = 480 nF, R = 23 Ω is connected to a 230 V

Shree Sai Institute

39. What is stopping potential? Explain eﬀect of frequency of applied radiations on

46. Explain: construction, working and application of LED.

47. Using band theory, explain conductors(metals), semiconductors and insulators.

Shree Sai Institute