Diagnostic Exam Mass Transfer Topic 4. A dictation column separates 50000 kg/l of henzene toluene (CyFiy/CHs) mixture composed of 401% benzene by mono. ‘The micture is acparated into fan overhead product composed of 97% benzene by mass and a bottom procict of I8% toluene Iny mass ° xo~ 097 f= 800000 aa a Most early, what is the overead product mass Tow rte? (A) 1s Mem B) 20 Mah (©) 90 mg/h D) 34 Mg 2A gae bottle 1.2 m in length contains a gaseous mixture of ammonia (NTI,) and hydrogen (Tl). The ristire & at 25°C and Latin. At ome ent of the hott, the purtial pressure of ammonia is 0. atm, At the other fend of the bottle, the partial pressure of ammonia is 0.4 atm. The diffusion coefficient of ammonia at 25°C & 78% 10"? aat/s. Ther is no convective flow (ble flow). Most nearly, what is the molar fux of ammonia slong the boctle? (A) 54x 10+ m/s (B) 1.1% 10" moi/at {C) 86%:10 * mal/aPs (D) 1.6% 10-* mo/n?'s ‘3 Airis injected into reaction chamber operating 8 fomstaat temperature of 145K aud pressure of 1018 kPa. Onygen in the ir ifens thengh 1L5 mm thick stagnant gue film to a fst carbon wurce, where the oxygen is alsorbed, resaltng In an oxygen partial pressure that is effectively zero, The diffusivity of ‘oxygen in the gos fin is 3 x 10" an4/s, Airs 21 male % foxyen, Most beaily, what i the gas phese mass trans fer cooficient, A, for oxygen in the gas fm? (a) 2210-8 mo/mtsPa (B) 41x10 mol/mtsPa (©) 53x10 mol/mtsPa (D) 1.010" mol/m*aPa 4. Air is injected into a combustion chamber with ‘constant temperature of I145K. Oxygen in the air dif fuses through a 2.0 mi thick stagnant was ln to Mat carbon surface, where the exygen reacts instantaneously to form carbon diexide (CO.). The carbon dioxide dif oses away from the carbow No reaction oceurs in the {pss film. At the surfaee of the carbom, the partial pres. sure of CO, is 90-9 kPa. Most nearly, wat is the parti pressuze of COs 1.5 ma from the carton surface? (4) 13 kPa @) 17 kPa (©) 204ra (©) 8kPa 8. Airis injected into a reaction chamber whieh oper toe at a constant temperatine of 1145K and a pressure OF 101.8 kPa. Oxygen in the oi diffases theongh = 1.5 mum thick stagnant gas film to 8 Mat earbon surface, where the anyon neue inetaatinconsly to form cabot monoxide (CO) which diffuss away from the carbon, No reaction occurs in the gas fim. The difusvity of ‘oxygen through the gas ln is 1.8% 10+ m/s. Air i 21 mmole % oxsyen. Most nearly, what is the tate of ‘oxygen difsion to the carbon surface? (A) 0.18 mol/ais (B) 0.19 rol/més (©) 0.21 sein (D) 0.92 mol/m?s wee pplapsDEX-2 FECWEWICAL REVIEW WAWURE 6. A singlestage extraction colunm is wsed to extract benzene (CiH) from # eyelchexane (Coll) stream as shown. Two streams enter the extraction cols furfural (C,HO,) solvent sezeam and a benzene ich ceyelohesane ford stream, The feed stream flows at arxte ff 100 kg/h and contains 10% benzene by weight, ‘The Solvent strwuin flows at a rate of 150 kg/h end contains D.O1% benzene by weight, The benzene coatent in the raffinate product stream is to be reduced to 5% by ‘weight. Cyeobexane and furfural are insmiseble. hoa F rafinate, 100 igh Sede ean sO we bercene iso koh 0.1 wt baer enact, Most nearly, what is the percentage of benzene by ‘welght Inthe extract stream” (a) 84% (B) 50% () 68% (D) 90% 7. Acetic aid (CH,COOH) is separated from water ina continuous disilation column system with a total com ‘dense: and a partial tebolle. The Iquid feed stream flows at a rate of 35980 kg/h, and it contains 60% CH,COOH by weight and 40% water by weight. Two prosioct streams exit the distlation column, Stream 1 foatains 957 (by mole) CHCOOH and 39% water, aud Sstroama 2 contains 10% CHJCOOH ana 90% water. The ‘molecular weight of CHsCOOH is 60.08 kg/kmal, and the moleeniar wright of watnr i 18.02 ke, kmol. Mat nearly, vhuat is the production rate of sirean 1? (A) 250 kaj (B) 11000 kg/h. (©) 15000 ugh (D) 16000 kg/h 8. A wetted-vall column is used to absorb gaseous ‘ammonia (NH) from an aumoniwale stream st root, nperabure. The partial pressure of NI inthe stream | 0.0107 atm. The overall mass transfor eodiicent In th vapor plsse is 0.582 kmol/ni"s-atm, and tho indi vidual mass transfer cooffiient of NHy in the vapor phase is 2.27 kmol/an? atm. The Henry's law constant for the system is 1.26 m-atm/Amol, NH behaves as an ‘doa! gas. Tho partial pressure of NHG in both bulk phases is constant. Most nearly, what is the partial Drossure of NH in ibe gas phase at the interface at the top of the column? (A) 0.05 atm (B) 0.05 atm (C) 0.057 atm (D) 0.24 atm B.A. wettad-wall column is used to absorb gassos ‘unmonia (NH) ftom an ammoniaair stream. The aver. all gas phaso mass transfer coelceat is 9.20 = 10 * kaaol/ atm, and the gxs phage specific mass transfer coe Cent for Ny is 1.81 x 10" kamol/si*s.atn. The Heasy's Taw constant for the system Is 2.70 m-atmy/lamol. Most nearly, what isthe liquid phase mass transor coefficient for Nil? (A) 0.010 m/s (B) 0.015 m/e (©) 0.088 m/s (0) 87 mys 40. A wettd-val lim slurs samonis (NE) fom ‘vapor stream, The overall gus phase mas transier co ficient i 5.6 10™ heel /iatin. 70% ofthe total esi tauce to mss trusfer is fous in he fas ave. ow noes, what the gas phase mass trans seco for (A) 0.03 kmol/2s-atm (B) 0.09 knoi/n?-aatm (©) 008 kmol/ntsatm (D) 18 kawl/ax*stmSOLUTIONS 414 The total mass balance around the column is Dip Substitute the total Lance int the been balance Pep Dang + Baw = Dep +(F— Dyas The benz bottoms product dy 1 098 002 The answer is (6). 2 Tho molar fur of ammonia, N;, along the hott is Pa dns (Wa + No) ~ Fars P Since thete sno convective Bow tbe equation simplifies to Dalsp— pas) RTea—x) (5t=109 2) 4am asa) (206 Sata) ere + 279702 0m) 07 10° mol) (1.1107 mol/m*s) ‘The anewor Is (8) DEX-3 ‘3. Flux for unigivectional diffusion of « gas A through a second stagnant gas 8 (Np=0) i Dal ne (wee) CB) "The gas mass transfer coefficient definition for gas A ‘through a sorond stagnant gas B is Na=kalea~ Pe) Solving these two equations for the mass transfer cooticent, DoP Wrdinl® =) xen (3s A) reacts instantancously at location 2, $0 ‘the mole ‘raction there is zero. Since air is 21 mole % ‘oxygen, the axygen partial presures are oars footie p= 10P= (021 4) 0.3470) =n ‘The nitrogen (gas B) partial pressures are 101.8 kPa Par= Pas 101.3 KPa 21.978 Pa = 80.027 kPa "Tho Jog moan partial pressure of Bis Calin = =e) Pa 1013 KPa — 80.027 kPa erreur Su FF = W216 kPaDEX-4 Fe ewewiear ‘The mass transfer coeficient is Fyn 2P. TT De ial22— 2) (0x. ®) 013 «Ps (1000 2) (em Fae) ol K, = 10219% 10°? mol/utsPa (10% 10° mol/a'sPa) The anawer Is (0). ‘4. The reaction at the carbon surface invalving COy an 0, +c ‘The steady-state Hux of A ix Ny = (Wat NodE— Basha From the stoichiometry ofthe reaction for COs (gas A) anil Oy (gas B), Nu=—Np, the equimolar steady-state counter ditfasion flix is Integrating vies linear partial pressure distribution swith a ln thickness oF fn fe Pampas ARE 2) =r Cle 2) Cia a constant. Solve fer Casing the ensbon surface {position 1), and the incoming gas (postion 2), whieh ix devoid of COs, c= -Ba=Pa =A kPa — 505 kPa 2.0 mum — 0 mia = 25.25 kPafomm NuAL At a postion of 1.5 mm from the carbon surface, the partial pressure =P ~ C25) = 905 kPa (2525 #4) 0.5 mm—0 uum) = 12625 kPa (19 kPa) The anawor is (4). 5. Tet se the distance from the surface. The steady slate Dux of Ais "The rection a te carton surface involving COp al Opis 0, 420-260 ‘Tae O, (gas A) anc CO, (gas_B) are in steady-state fusion through the gas film. From the stoichiometry Of the reaction, Np=—21Vq, 90 the convective terms do ‘ot vanish, and the steadysstate fax equation must be Integrated. fe Heine cet a= (FS) mea z i (wate) -¥0 From the stoichiometry of the ruaction, No——2WV4, 50 the fx eatio is Dab apa BY Jn, PNa~ (Ns + Naa Aa Na+ Na Wa 2 Tivagind RF, Mas Tronar Operations, MeGrawHil, 9. 27 i)AL positon 1, ale is 21. mule % oxygen. Oxygen reacts instantaneonsly a position 2, no the mole faction there is aro, Then, the oxygen partnl pressures are ‘The fine of Ais a= (waltaa) te ay G45) Poe (ait) Pea (23020 22 Jann xe) (ano 2 (ow 2) fi (cou BRE ) cs “hn fa %(L5 mm —0 mm) (-1)001.3 KPa) MPa DUms KPa = 21.273 kPa =0.175700 mel/m®s (0-18 mol/m*s) The answer's (A) ©. Since cyclohexane aud furfural are immiscible, the sass balance for eyelobexane around the stage is Fl-28) Atl—=) Solve for raffinate flow, R, SA. 78T K/h ‘The overall mass balance around the stage is FLS=R+E DEX-5 Solve for the extract fw, B. B=F+S-R = 100 #54 150 1S is 100 KE+150 8S oa z37 § = 155.26 kg/h Since cyclohexane and furfural are immiscible, a mass Dalance for furfural szound the sage is 80 ~ 4s) = BQ —us) Solve for the benzene mass fraction in the extract a a9) 150 KB n aspan, mas s) = 0.038075 (3.1%) ‘The anawer ia (A). 7 Convert the feed flow rate and composition to a solar bax kg AA deg water 98 feed | Teg teee kg AN Te water (095 Tat 80? “met = 1139 Fanal/ "The mole fraction of the feed ie 102 HSB) (a Hs) = 0.8805 Write @ mass balance equation around the column for water apP=1pD-+s9B = 20-8) +en8DEX-6 Fe CWENTCAL REVIEW WANUAT Reurange to solve for the bottoms flow rate Flap ~ ts) Ios ons (219 283) 9-690) =a 282.1 kmol/ 95% of CHyCOOH means that 9% is water by mole. Converting to mass units, tng = BMW) = (e021 2) (035) (soos i + (005) (3802 atk = 16347 kg/h (16000 xe/h) ‘The answer Is (0) {8 Tho relationship botweon the overall coctfient, Ki ‘and the individual coefficients, kg and k;, is ai Ke a Teh ‘Solve for the liquid phase individual mass transfer coef cia HKoke ue Ke eam 986159 kmol-m? smo) ‘The Ax of ammonia (gas A) through stagnant air (ges B} 6 Na lminate fux and obtain an operating line slope. On (Ca, pa) coordinates, the operating line ia straight line with slope —kr/ke going through points (Cas Daa rau (Cars Pa) Henrys law for tho interface is Ba = Hx ‘The liquid pase concentration, Qa it aero snes the ‘problem statement calls for an analysis for the top ofthe Tower whem the water has not bad w chanes ta pick up ‘ammonia. Tho liquid phase concentration of ammonia ‘will inerease with distenes dowa the tower. Solving the (operating ine and Henry's law simultaneously gives te interfcial concentration 0.0116269 anal an ‘From Henry's law, the interacial partial pressure is P= HCA — (196 Es) (coneass ) D.D146401 atm (0018 atm) ‘Tho answer Is (A).DEX-7 - The liguid phase mas transfer coefficient, Hy, can be caleulsted fom the gas phase aud overall mast Lanse 40. ‘The relationship between te overall oelficent and coetcients ane Hens the individual coeficien! is sInw comatant resistance in gas phase _ tg. Fesistance in bork phases 1 ~ 7" Ke ‘The indivicual gus phase mass traneer coefficint, ky is Ke tox Be 7 : sox 0+ =a 9.20 « 10° ~ O70 1 2, ame = 1108 kann tn zeae The anower i 0088 m/s i The answor i (C).