Introductory Chemistry

FSC112 QUESTIONS

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53. A saturated solution of AB2 contains 8.60 x 10-4 moles AB2 per liter. Determine Ksp.

A. 2.54 x 10-9
B. 6.36 x 10-10
C. 7.40 x 10-7
D. 1.27 x 10-9
2. The role of technology includes all of the following except
A. It alters the way people live, connect, communicate and transact.
B. It helps in the development of electricity for our daily use.
C. It helps to make money and produce the results that customers demand.
D. It is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge.
21. 23 g of ethyl alcohol (molar mass 46 g mol-1) is dissolved in 54 g of water (molar mass
18 g mol-1). Calculate the mole fraction of water in solution.

D. 0.423
A. 0.143
B. 0.857
C. 0.286
55. What is the correct Ksp expression for Ca3(PO4)2?

A. [C a2+]3[PO43-]2
C. [C a2+]3[PO]4
B. [C a2+]2[PO43-]3
D. [C a3+][PO42-]
11. Which statement below correctly identifies the difference between laws and theories?

C. Laws explain why phenomena exist, while theories explain how.

D. Laws are a prediction of phenomena while theories are an explanation
A. Laws describe phenomena, while theories explain why phenomena exist?
B. Laws are a statement of fact, while theories are a statement of opinion.
Matric number
*
39. Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics?

C. Energy lost by the system must be gained by the surroundings.

A. A negative ΔH corresponds to an exothermic process.
D. 1 cal = 4.184 J (exactly)
B. ΔE = Efinal - Einitial
Option 5
77. Which one of the following is a weak acid?
A. HNO3
E. HClO3
C. HBr
D. HF
B. HI
15. --------- generally, rely on a concise mathematical equation often expressed in a single
expression.

B. Theories
A. Theories and laws
C. Laws
D. Anecdotes
80. Which of these compounds does NOT belong to a homologous series

A. C6H6
D. C6H14
C. C6H12
B. C6H10
63. What is the approximate pH of a solution labeled 0.050 M HClO?
E. 7.6
B. 3.9
C. 4.4
D. 2.1
A. 5.1
91. In a single-cell battery, cations migrate to the __
C. Cathode
B. Salt bridge
D. Anode
A. Electrolyte
50. What is the pH of 0.003 mol/dm3 solution of Mg(OH)2?

D. 11.8
B. 10.1
A. 3.5
C. 10.9
16. What type of reaction is this AgNO3 + HCl ⟶ AgCl + HNO3?

D. A neutralization reaction
B. A single displacement reaction
A. A displacement reaction
C. A double decomposition reaction
96. In the reaction, Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
D. Cu showed a net oxidation number change of zero
A. Zn is the oxidizing agent.
C. oxidation number of Zn did not change
B. Zn is the reducing agent
1. One of the following options is not the benefit of science.
B. Scientific knowledge helps us to solve practical problems and make informed decisions
both individually and collectively.
D. Scientific knowledge allows us to construct new ideas that illuminate the world around us
C. Scientific knowledge is about attitude of inquiry, experimentation, and humility before the
facts.
A. Scientific knowledge allows us to develop new technologies
23. Find the mass of water required to obtain 175 g of a 15 % solution.

B. 167.75 g
C. 26.25 g
D. 40.25 g
A. 147.75 g
30. When 2 mol of H2(g) and 1 mol of O2(g) react to give liquid water, 572 kJ of heat
evolves. 2H2(g) + O2(g) = 2H2O(l), ΔH = -572 kJ. What is the amount of heat evolved for
1 mole of water?

A. 1144 KJ
D. +572 KJ
C. +286 KJ
B. -286 KJ
31. The standard enthalpy of formation of NH3(g) at 298 K is –46 kJ mol–1. Which of the
following values is correct for the standard enthalpy change in kJ mol–1 for the following
reaction?
2NH3(g) → N2(g) + 3H2(g)
D. +46 kJ
C. –92 kJ
B. –46 kJ
A. +92 kJ
51. Which of the following is true regarding the concentration of products, for a chemical
reaction that is already at equilibrium assuming no disruptions to the equilibrium?

D. The concentrations of products will change continually because of reversibility

A. The concentrations of products will not change because there are no more reactants.
C. The concentrations of products will not change because the forward and reverse rates are
equal.
B. The concentrations of products will not change because the limiting reagent is gone.
99. Which of the bonds of a carbon–carbon double bond has more effective orbital–orbital
overlap
B. Pi bond
D. Van der Waals force
A. Sigma bond
C. Hydrogen bond
100. What is the formula of a compound containing only C, H, and O, which gives the
following analytical results? % C, 82.34 %H, 10.62 %O, Difference 7.04.
A. C10H20O
D. C14H22O
B. C5H12O
C. C31H48O2
57. For the reaction: Br2(g) + Cl2(g) ⇌ 2BrCl(g); ΔH = +14 kJ, what will happen to the
position of equilibrium and the value of equilibrium constant when the temperature is
increased in the above reaction?

B. The position of equilibrium shifts towards the reactants and the value of equilibrium
constant increases
D. The position of equilibrium shifts towards the products and the value of equilibrium
constant increases
C. The position of equilibrium shifts towards the products and the value of equilibrium
constant decreases
A. The position of equilibrium shifts towards the reactants and the value of equilibrium
constant decreases
87. Which of these is 3,3-dimethylpentane
CH3)2CHCH(CH3)CH2CH3
B. (CH3)2CHCH2CH(CH3)2
C. CH3CH2C(CH3)2CH2CH3
D. (CH3)3CCH(CH3)2
54. Which of the following salts is least soluble in pure water?

B. CuS, Ksp = 8.7 × 10-36

D. HgS, Ksp = 2.0 × 10-53
A. ZnS, Ksp = 1.6 × 10-24
C. PbI2, Ksp = 7.1 × 10-9
104. What was a short coming in Dalton’s theory of atomic structure?
C. All elements of the same type are identical
B. Atoms of the same element can have the same electron
D. All elements of the same type are different
A. Atoms of the same can have the same number
48. Consider the equilibrium system: 2ICl(s) ⇌ I2(s) + Cl2(g) Which of the following
changes will increase the total amount of Cl2 that can be produced?

B. adding more ICl(s)

A. removing some of the I2(s)
C. removing the Cl2 as it is formed
D. decreasing the volume of the container
41. What is the molar solubility of barium fluoride(BaF2), with solubility product constant of
1.7 X 10^(-6) in water?

6.5×10^(-4)
1.2×10^(-2)
1.8×10^(-3)
7.5×10^(-3)
62. Equilibria in which all substances are in the same phases are called

B. heterogeneous equilibria.
A. Homogeneous equilibria.
C. equilibrium constant
D. equilibrium constant expression
83. Which of the following is an unsaturated organic compound?
C. CH3COCH2CH3
B. CH3CH2OCH2CO2H
A. CHOCH2CH2CO2H
D. HOCHCHCH2CHO
94. Which of the following elements is used in galvanization?
D. zinc
A. carbon
B. magnesium
C. iron
84. The s-character in acetylene is
D. 67%
A. 25%
B. 33%
C. 50%
88. Which of the following is a rechargeable battery?

C. alkaline cell
B. nickel–cadmium cell
D. mercury cell
A. Leclanché cell
76. Calculate the pH of 0.01mol/dm3 of hydrochloric acid

A. 1.5
D. 1.0
C. 2.0
B. 2.5
103. The idea that atoms of the same elements are exactly alike and atoms of different
elements are different was proposed by……?
A. Aristotle
D. Thompson
B. Democritus
C. Dalton
106. Who gave the name cathode to the positive electrode?
D. Frederick Soddy
A. Faraday
B. William Crookes
C. Thompson
47. Consider the gas-phase equilibrium system represented by the equation:
2H2O(g) ⇌ 2H2(g) + O2(g) Given that the forward reaction (the conversion of "left-hand"
species to "right-hand" species) is endothermic, which of the following changes
will decrease the equilibrium amount of H2O?

A. adding more oxygen

D. increasing the temperature at constant pressure
C. decreasing the volume of the container (the total pressure increases)
B. adding a solid phase catalyst
8. What is the correct order of the steps in the scientific method?
D. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, analyze results, draw conclusions,
communicate results.
B. Ask question, analyze results, make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, draw conclusions,
communicate result.
C. Ask a question, make a hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusions, analyze results,
communicate results.
A. Make a hypothesis, test the hypothesis, analyze the result, ask question, draw
conclusions, communicate results.
42. If Kw is 2.9 x 10-15 at 10 °C, what is the pH of pure water at 10 °C?

A. 6.72
D. 7.53
C. 7.27
B. 7.00
85. The p-character in CH2=CH2

A. 25%
C. 50%
D. 67%
B. 33%
9. A physicist disproved his colleagues' theories because?
C. Theories have been shown to be wrong
B. theories have been rejected
D. Theories are foundations for furthering scientific knowledge inconsistence of the new
theory
A. the theories have not been widely examined
45. In the manufacture of sulfuric acid, the reaction 2SO2(g) + O2(g) →2SO3(g) usually
takes place at 400 °C and 1 atm pressure. In one industrial plant, it is decided to change the
pressure to 20 atm. Which of the following would not be one of the consequences of this
change?

D. Increased safety concern

B. An increased percentage of sulfur trioxide in the equilibrium mixture
C. The rate of the backward reaction increases
A. Increased running costs
67. What is the percent ionization of a 1.2 M HF solution?
D. 0.084 %
E. 0.21 %
C. 0.84 %
A. 2.4 %
B. 4.2 %
90. Metals are __ in corrosion

B. reduced/oxidised
C. reduced
D. hydrolysed
A. oxidized
56. The equilibrium between SO2, O2 and SO3 is presented as 2SO2(g) +
O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g); ΔH = -197 kJ. According to the above information, what temperature and
pressure conditions produce the greatest amount of SO3?

B. Low Temperature and high Pressure

C. High Temperature and high Pressure
D. High Temperature and low Pressure
A. Low Temperature and low Pressure
79. Calculate the cell potential of a zinc–silver couple at 25 oC, 1 atm. and 1 M. (E0
Zn2+/Zn = –0.76 V; E0 Ag/Ag+ = +0.80 V)
B. –1.10 V
A. +1.10 V
D. +0.04 V
C. +1.56 V
69. The pH of 0.15 M trimethylammonium chloride, (CH3)3NHCl, a salt, is 5.34. What is the
percent hydrolysis?

A. 0.0031 %
B. 0.0068 %
E. 0.022 %
D. 0.011 %
C. 0.0094 %
36. Which statement correctly describes an endothermic chemical reaction?

B. The products have higher enthalpy than the reactants, and the ∆H is positive.
C. The products have lower enthalpy than the reactants, and the ∆H is negative.
A. The products have higher enthalpy than the reactants, and the ∆H is negative.
D. The products have lower enthalpy than the reactants, and the ∆H is positive.
75. All the following are strong bases except
A. NH3
C. RbOH
D. Ba(OH)2
B. LiOH,
101. The percentage composition of a compound is % C 40, % H 6.66, % O 53.34. The
molecular mass is 60. What is the molecular formular?
D. C2H5OH
A. CH2O
C. CH3CHO
B. CH3COOH
26. What is the mass of H2O2 needed to make a 6 kg 3 % solution?
A. 360 g
C. 360 g
B. 180 kg
D. 180 g
22. A sample of 0.892 g of potassium chloride (KCl) is dissolved in 54.6 g of water. What
is the percent by mass of KCl in the solution?

B. 1.61 %
C. 1.63 %
D. 3.26 %
A. 3.2 %
97. When a piece of Zn is dropped into a blue solution of copper(II)sulphate,
D. the solution becomes less blue
the Zn metal turns blue
C. the solutions becomes more bluish
B. the Zn metal grow bigger
52. The equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction, A + B ⇌ 2C is 5.00. What is the
equilibrium constant, K, for the reaction, C ⇌ ½A + ½B?

D. -5.00
B. 0.20
C. -0.20
A. 0.45
7. Creationism and intelligent design are not theories because

A. They do not follow the scientific method.

C. They depend on new evidence.
D. They follow the scientific method.
B. They are falsifiable.
29. An isolated system is best described by which one of the following statements?

D. A system which has reached thermal equilibrium with its surroundings

C. The system has a diathermic boundary
A. Neither matter nor heat can pass into or out of the system
B. The system has a boundary which allows heat to be transferred but does not allow
material to pass into or out of the system
25. A solution is prepared by dissolving 30.0 g of formaldehyde (CH2O) in 4.00 moles of
carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). What is the mole fraction of formaldehyde?

B. 0.4
A. 0.5
D. 0.8
C. 0.2
102. Who debunked the idea of Democritus about atom?
C. Dalton
D. Thompson
A. Aristotle
B. Democritus
Other:
93. Which of the following is not used in corrosion prevention
B. galvanization
C. cathodic protection
D. painting
A. anodic protection
95. What is the bond order of carbon in carbon (II) oxide
B. 3
A. 4
D. 2
C. 1
65. Which of the following solutions has the lowest pH at 25 degrees Celsius? (No
calculations required.)

B. 0.2 M hypochlorous acid

C. 0.2 M ammonia
E. pure water
D. 0.2 M benzoic acid
A. 0.2 M sodium hydroxide
61. The equilibrium constant for the gas phase reaction 2NH3(g) ⇌ N2(g) + 3H2(g) is 2300
at 500 °C. At equilibrium, __________.

D. only products are present

C. roughly equal amounts of products and reactants are present
A. products predominate
B. reactants predominate
64. The pH of a 0.02 M solution of an unknown weak acid is 3.7. what is the pKa of this
acid?

A. 5.7
E. 3.7
C. 3.2
B. 4.9
D. 2.8
86. In an electrolytic cell, reduction occurs at the
C. Cathode
D. Anode
B. Salt bridge
A. Electrolyte
38. The standard enthalpy of formation of the most stable form of any element is defined
as zero because …………………………………

C. the elements need no formation

B. the elements is standard
A. heat is evolved
D. heat is absorbed
46. Consider the reaction: N2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g); Keq = 0.10 at 2000 °C. Starting with
initial concentrations of 0.040 mol/dm3 of N2 and 0.040 mol/dm3 of O2, calculate the
equilibrium concentration of NO in mol/dm3

B. 0.0096 mol/dm3
A. 0.0055 mol/dm3
D. 0.080 mol/dm3
C. 0.011 mol/dm3
43. Which of the following can alter the value of solubility product, Ksp, of a substance?
A. Concentration
C. Temperature
D. Catalyst
B. Pressure
58. HZ is a weak acid. An aqueous solution of HZ is prepared by dissolving 0.020 mol of
HZ in sufficient water to yield 1.0 L of solution. The pH of the solution was 4.93 at 25.0 °C.
The Ka of HZ is __________.

C. 1.4 × 10-10
A. 1.2 × 10-5
B. 6.9 × 10-9
D. 9.9 × 10-2
20. Which of the following is the correct formula for molality?

B. Molality = kilograms of solute ÷ kilograms of solution

D. Molality = moles of solute ÷ moles of solution
C. Molality = moles of solute ÷ kilograms of solvent
A. Molality = kilograms of solute ÷ litres of solvent
37. What happens to the value of a thermochemical reaction if the reaction is reversed?

A. ∆H has the same numerical value, and the sign changes.

D. ∆H is the reciprocal of the original value, and the sign remains the same.
C. ∆H is the reciprocal of the original value, and the sign changes.
B. ∆H has the same numerical value, and the sign remains the same.
13. Which of the following is the correct order for a scientific method?
D. Hypothesis, experiment, observation, analyze data, theory
B. Observation, hypothesis, experiment, analyze data, theory
C. Hypothesis, observation, experiment, analyze data, theory
A. Observation, experiment, hypothesis, analyze data, theory
74. An acid is strong when
A. its ability or tendency to lose a proton.
C. negligible tendency to be protonated or accept proton
D. stronger conjugate base
B. completely dissociates in water..
4. What is the meaning of anecdotal evidence

C. Evidence that is not based on hearsay rather than hard facts.

B. Testimony based on findings from systematic observation, measurement, and
experimentation.
A. Testimony that may be true or false but that is related to someone's personal experience.
D. Evidence that is based on hard facts rather than hearsay.
44. The equilibrium-constant expression depends on the __________ of the reaction.

C. stoichiometry and mechanism

B. mechanism
D. the quantities of reactants and products initially present
A. stoichiometry
49. The equilibrium constant Keq = 0.040 for the system at 450oC: PCl5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) +
Cl2(g). Evaluate Kp for the reaction at 450 °C.

D. 0.052
B. 0.64
C. 2.4
A. 0.40
78. A zinc–cupper cell can be written as
D. Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)/Cu2+(aq)/Cu(s)
B. Zn2+(aq)/Zn(s)/Cu(s)/Cu2+(aq)
A. Zn(s)/Zn2+(aq)//Cu2+(aq)/Cu(s)
C. Zn2+(aq)/Zn(s)//Cu(s)/Cu2+(aq)
70. If Kw is 2.9 x 10-15 at 10oC, what is the pH of pure water at 10oC?
A. 6.72
C. 7.27
D. 7.53
B. 7.00
28. 23 g of ethyl alcohol (molar mass 46 g mol-1) is dissolved in 54 g of water (molar mass
18 g mol-1). Calculate the mole fraction of water in solution.

D. 0.423
B. 0.857
A. 0.143
C. 0.286
105. Dalton’s atomic theory was generally accepted because it explained law of….
C. Definite proportion only
A. Atomic structure
D. Conservation of mass and definite proportion
B. Conservation of mass only
10. Which of the following is not a rule when writing a hypothesis?

A. It should restate the question

B. It is a prediction
D. It is an if/ then statement
C. It is testable
82. Which of these compounds will exhibit bond rotation
A. Olefin
B. Paraffin
D. Acetylene
C. Ethylene
89. The dihedral angle of a molecule in the staggered conformation is __
. 0o
D. 180o
B. 60o
C. 120o
17. What is the molality of a solution made by dissolving 36.5 g of naphthalene (C10H8) in
425 g of toluene (C7H8)?
B. 0.375 m
D. 1.045 m
A. 0.670 m
C. 1.340 m
81. Which of these compounds is NOT the first member of its homologous series
B. C2H6
D. C2H4
C. C2H2
CH4
72. The [H3O+] in a 0.050 M solution of Ba(OH)2 is:
B. 5.0 x 10-2 M
C. 1.0 x 10-13 M
E. 2.0 x 10-5 M
D. 5.0 x 10-10 M
A. 1.0 x 10-5 M
27. Calculate the mole fraction of NaCl in a solution made by dissolving 0.025 moles of
NaCl in 200 g of pure water.
A. 0.0022
C. 0.0011
D. 0.998
B. 0.0044
6. A theory is

D. Consistent with known experimental results and has predictive power.

B. A wild guess that has been well tested.
A. An idea that has been well tested and shown to be widely applicable
C. A tentative statement that proposes a possible explanation to some events
5. A scientific hypothesis is not

D. Based on hearsay rather than hard facts

B. An "educated guess," based on prior knowledge and observation.
C. A tentative explanation or idea about how things work.
A. The initial building block in the scientific method.
12. What is the best definition of the term ‘theory’ as it is used in science?
C. A theory is based on verifiable laws that can be proven true
A. A theory is a guess or hunch about something that has occurred in nature.
D. A theory is a hypothesis that uses laws and observation to make an assumption
B. A theory is a comprehensive set of ideas explaining a phenomenon in nature
18. An aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid contains 36% HCl by mass. Calculate the
mole fraction of HCl in the solution.

C. 3.6
B. 0.22
A. 0.99
D. 1.0
33. Calculate E for a system undergoing an endothermic process in which of heat flows and
where of work is done on the system
B. +14.2 KJ
A. -17.0 KJ
D. +17.0 KJ
C. -14.2 KJ
68. Which of the following weak acids ionizes to give the strongest conjugate base?
C. HF
A. HClO
D. HNO2
E. HCN
B. CH3COOH
98. When a double bond is formed between two atoms, one of the bonds is a sigma bond
and the other is a pi bond. The pi bond is created by the overlap of...
D. s orbitals
A. sp2 hybrid orbitals
C. p orbitals
B. sp3 hybrid orbitals
3. The scientific process includes all of the following except
A. To form a question
D. To see data and draw a conclusion.
C. To conduct experiments.
B. To form a hypothesis.
60. The acid-dissociation constant, Ka, for gallic acid is 4.57 × 10-3. What is the
base-dissociation constant, Kb, for the gallate ion?

C. 5.43 × 10-5
B. 2.19 × 10-12
D. 7.81 × 10-6
A. 4.57 × 10-3
19. Calculate the molality of 15.00 M HCl with a density of 1.0745 g/cm3. Molar mass of
HCl= 36.5
D. 6.98 m
B. 14.2 m
A. 28.4 m
C. 13.9 m
59. The pH of a 0.10 M solution of a weak base is 9.82. What is the for this base?

A. 2.1 × 10-4
D. 6.6 × 10-4
C. 8.8 × 10-8
B. 4.3 × 10-8
92. Oxidation and reduction are the processes of __ and __, respectively
B. electron loss and electron gain
D. acceptor and donor of electrons
. A. electron gain and electron loss
C. decrease and increase in oxidation numbers
66. A 0.10 M solution of a weak acid, HX, is 0.059% ionized. Evaluate Ka for the acid.
D. 4.2 x 10-6
C. 7.0 x 10-6
A. 3.8 x 10-9
B. 6.5 x 10-7
E. 3.5 x 10-8
40. Given the following two
reactions: C(s) + O2(g) →
CO2(g) ∆H = -393.5 kJ

2Fe(s) + 3/2 O2 (g) → Fe2O3(s) ∆H = -824.2 kJ

Calculate the enthalpy change for 2Fe2O3(s) + 3C(s) → 4Fe(s) + 3CO2(g)

B. -430.7 kJ
D. 468.4 kJ
C. 430.7 kJ
A. -468.4 kJ
107. Why did Rutherford use gold in his experiment instead of other metals like copper or
nickel?
D. The thickness of gold sheet deflects the alpha particle
B. The thickness of gold sheet deflects the beta particle
C. The thickness of gold sheet allows the alpha particle to penetrate it
A. The thickness of gold sheet allows the beta particle to penetrate it
34. The internal energy of a system is always increased by __________.

D. adding heat to the system and having the system do work on the surroundings
B. having the system do work on the surroundings
C. withdrawing heat from the system
A. adding heat to the system
32. The energy that causes a system to move a certain distance is

heat
B. work
D. all of the above
C. enthalpy
14. Evolvement of theories imply

D. inconsistence of the old theory

C. inconsistence of the new theory
A. old theory wasn’t wrong, but it wasn’t complete either
B. development of new theory
24. Calculate the mass of solute in a 10 % salt solution if the mass of a solution is 350 g.
A. 70 g
C. 35 g
D. 17.5 g
B. 135 g
73. Which of the following is not? the appropriate definition of an acid
C. An acid is an electron-pair donor
B. An acid is a specie donating proton, in a proton transfer reaction
D. An acid is a proton donor and an electron-pair acceptors
A. An acid is a substance that when dissolved in water increases the concentration of
hydronium ion
35. A sample of aluminum metal absorbs 9.86 J of heat, upon which the temperature of
the sample increases from 23.2°C to 30.5°C. Since the specific heat capacity of aluminum is
0.90 J/g-K, the mass of the sample is __________ g.

B. 1.5
D. 6.6
C. 8.1
A. 72
71. The pOH of a solution of NaOH is 11.30. What is the [H+] for this solution?
A. 2.0 x 10-3
D. 4.0 x 10-12
B. 2.5 x 10-3
E. 6.2 x 10-8
C. 5.0 x 10-12
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