REVIEWER 3:

LESSON PROPER

BRONSTED-LAWRY THEORY
- Describes acid and base proton transfer
- The donor of H+ ion is acid, while acceptor of H+ ion is base
- Arrows show how ions dissociate
- CONJUGATE ACID-BASE: the pair of compounds that differ by a proton
Ex. HCl  H+ + Cl-
Strong Acids: 100% dissociation of ions, irreversible
Weak: Partially, reversible
+
- H proton will be based on the power of transfer for hydrogen ions to dissociate (pH)
- HA + H2O ⇌ H3O+ + A-

pH
- Measure of how strong the power of hydrogen is at water
- If there’s no water, there is no pH
- pH = -log[H+]

ka (ACID DISSOCIATION CONSTANT)

- Used to differentiate between strong and weak acids in aqueous solutions
- An acid’s strength
- Equilibrium constant of an acid’s dissociation reaction

kb (BASE DISSOCIATION CONSTANT)

- Used to differentiate between strong and weak bases in aqueous solutions
- A base’s strength
- Equilibrium constant of a base’s dissociation reaction

ACID-BASE PROPERTY OF WATER

- H2O can act both as an acid or a base, wherein it either accepts or donates protons
- Amphiprotic
- Capable of autoionization, a compound ionizing itself.
- kw = [H3O+][OH-] = kakb
- pka + pkb = pkw
- pH + pOH = 14

BUFFER SOLUTION
 - has the capacity to resist pH change when adding acids or bases
- Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
[conjugate base ]
pH= p k a+ log
[acid]
[conjugate acid]
pOH =p k b +log
[base ]
ACTIVITY
A. Solve the following questions and indicate if the solution is an acid or a base. Round off to the nearest
whole number

1. If the concentration of the OH- is 0.0059, you must find the pOH in order to solve for pH. What is the pH
for the solution?
Solution: (1) pOH = -log[OH-]
= -log[0.0059]
= 2.2291
(2) pH + pOH = 14
pH + 2.2291 = 14
pH = 11.7709  BASIC
2. Calculate the pH of a solution with a hydrogen concentration of 3.456x10-8

3. Calculate the pH if pOH is 7.81

4. If the concentration of the OH- is 0.000088, you must find the pOH in order to solve for pH. What is the
pH for the solution?

5. If the concentration of the OH- is 0.0001, what is the pH for the solution?

B. Solve for the following problems

1. A 5.8M solution of butyric acid (HC4H7O) has a pH of 2.3. Calculate ka
HC4H7O  H+ + C4H7O2-

2. Ethylamine (C2H5NH3) is a weak Bronsted-Lowry base. If it has an initial molarity of 0.0244 M and a k b
of 5.6x10-4, calculate its pH at equilibrium. (Use ICE method)

3. Hydrazine, N2H4, has been used as rocket fuel. Like ammonia, it is a Bronsted base. A 0.15 M solution
has a pH of 9.99. What is the kb for hydrazine?

4. Considering the formula NH3 + H2O  NH4+ + OH-, calculate the pH of a buffer made of 0.34M NH3
and 0.87 M NH4+ if the pkb is 2.22.
5. Consider the formula CH3CH2CO2H + H2O  CH3CH2CO2- + H3O+, calculate the ka value of a 0.98 M
aqueous solution of propionic acid (CH3CH2CO2H) with a pH of 6.78

6. Consider the formula CH3CH2CO2H + H2O  CH3CH2CO2- + H3O+, calculate the pH and pOH of a
buffer made of 0.88M CH3CH2CO2H and 0.94 M CH3CH2CO2- if the pka is 6.9.