1 Intro to Entrep
♠ ADAPTIVE-Ability to adjust and respond
#ENTREPRENEUR
-People responsible for the creation of
new things in the search for profit
-In economics, Entrepreurs combine
factors of production to make something
-Entrepreneur are agents of change
-Entrepreneurs are“RiskTakers” and
“Innovators
Risk-Taking - Act of “undertaking”
actions that involves uncertainty and/or
adverse outcome for potential benefits
Innovation- Introduction of new ideas,
methods, products, or services that lead
to positive change
- Came from the french term
“Entrepende” Which means “to do
something”or“undertaker”
-Entrepreneurs are key players in the
global economy
-They are the people who starts and run
a business and brings something new
-someone who has the ability and desire
to establish, administer and succeed in a
startup venture along with risk entitled to
it, to make profits
-The act of running/establishing a
business
*It involves innovating, organizing
resources, taking risks.
-The act of value creation
*It involves making something from
something
*making profit from doing something
-The journey of developing, starting, and
scaling a business
WHY ENGAGE IN
ENTREPRENEURSHIP?
♣HIGHEST BENEFIT- Entrepreneurs
receives the highest benefits, “Sky’s the
limit” . Entrepreneur’s earnings are not
capped by salaries and commissions
♣YOU ARE THE BOSS-Self-employed,
Autonomy over your own decisions
♣FLEXIBILITY - You can set your own
schedule and work where, when, and
how you want
♣SENSE OF PRIDE AND
FULFILLMENT-You can bring your
ideas to life,You can follow your passion
TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL
ENTREPRENEUR
♠ INNOVATOR-Ability to come up/
generate great idea or product that no
one has thought of before
to unexpected problems/changes
♠ DECISIVE-Able to make difficult decisions
and corrective action
♠ PERSISTENT-Does not give up easily and
determined to succeed
♠ RESPONSIBLE-Trustworthy, accountable,
and able to make ethical decisions. Fulfills
obligations consistently
♠ INITIATIVE-Being proactive. Continously
seeks opportunities
♠ DETERMINED-Possesses strong resolve
and unwavering commitment. “Goal
Oriented”
♠ FUTURISTIC-Can do foresights and
“forwardthinking” . Plans the future
♠ CONFIDENT-Possesses self-assurance
and positive mindset
♠ KNOWLEDGEABLE-Possesses relevant
skills and indepth knowledge regarding their
product/field
HOW DOES ENTREPRENEURSHIP
IMPACT THE ECONOMY?
♥CATALYSTS OF CHANGE
-Through innovations, entrepreneurs can
discover new products and production
systems which contribute to growth and
development
♥SPURS ECONOMIC GROWTH
-Entrepreneurs create new businesses,
which in turn generate new jobs. This not
only provides income for the entrepreneur
but also for those they employ
♥SPURS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
-Entrepreneurs can improve the standard of
living by creating affordable, safe, and
valuable products and services
MYTHS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
♣ ENTREPRENEURSHIP IS LIKE
GAMBLING
-Gambling is a game of “Wild Chance” all
possible outcomes is “by chance” or “by
luck”
-Entrepreneurship involves taking risks that
are carefully studied and accounted
-In entrepreneurship, you can
control/influence the outcomes In
gambling, the outcomes controls you
♣ ENTREPRENEURS ARE INVENTORS
-Being an entrepreneur does not mean you
need to make something new.
Entrepreneurs can also provide solutions to
existing problems
-CREATIVE DESTRUCTION -Joseph
Schumpeter
-Dismantling of established processes in
order to make way for improved
methods
♣ ENTREPRENEURS EXPERIENCE A
LOT OF FAILURES
-Entrepreneurs treats failures/mistakes
as avenue for improvement
♣ ENTREPRENEURS ARE
HEREDITARY
-Entrepreneurship does not run in blood
-Entrepreneurial ability is not inherited
ENTREPRENEURSHIP IS FOR RICH
PEOPLE ONLY
-Entrepreneurial process starts with
IDEA not with money
THE ENTREPRENEURIAL PROCESS
♣DISCOVERY
-Generation of ideas, identification of
market opportunities
-Recognizing gaps in the market or
areas for improvement
♣PLANNING
-Development of “Business Plan
-outlines the strategies and actions
needed to address the identified
problem and opportunity
-Involves activities such as resourcing,
profiling, setting up timelines, and
financing
♣EXECUTION
-Actual conduct or implementation of the
business/ business plan
-Running and managing the business
-“Turning plans into action”
♣ADAPTATION
-Responding to changes and providing
solutions to problems
♣TERMINATION-Closing down /
shutting down the business
-Cease of business operations to avoid
losses
ENTREPRENEURIAL PROBLEMS /
ISSUES FACED BY FILIPINOS
♣RISK AVERSION
-The goal of majority of Filipinos are to
be “Employees“
-Filipinos prefers to be employees rather
than being entrepreneur to avoid risks
♣FINANCIAL PROBLEMS
-Among the major problems faced by
Filipino entrepreneurs is the inadequate
access to financing and capital
♣GAYA-GAYA MENTALITY
-Most Filipinos not only copy an
existing business that is almost entering
the door to success but will create a
price war against the originator
♣CRAB MENTALITY
-Try to bring down others
-We envy people who succeeds
-Jealousy and unsupportive
♣GOVERNMENT POLICIES
-Lack of support from the government
-Difficulties in securing government permits
and lincenses
TYPES OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
♣ SMALL BUSINESS
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-process of developing, launching, and
running a small business enterprise
-Caters local clients/customers
♣ LARGE CORPORATION
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-Involves large scale production,
distribution, and manufacturing of goods
and services
♣ SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-Main goal is to make the world a better
place
-Does not work to make big profits or
wealth
-focuses on helping communities or the
environment through their products and
services
♣ CORPORATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-Also known as “Intrapreneur”
-Drives innovation, develop new products or
services, and identify growth opportunities
for a company
♣ NON-PROFIT ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-Focuses on creating positive change rather
than generating profits
-Establishes and leads nonprofit
organizations to address social or
community needs.
♣ AGRICULTURAL
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-Entrepreneurs that are involved in
agricultural activities, including farming,
livestock production, and agricbusiness

# 2 FARMING AS BUSINESS
ECONOMIC SECTORS
Agriculture(primary)
-Involves extraction of natural resources
*Farming, livestock breeding,forestry
-Production of raw materials such as
grains, food, meat etc
Manufacturing (Secondary)
-Processing and transformation of raw
materials into finished products
Services(Tertiary Sector)
-provision of intangible products and
services to consumers or businesses.
*Retail Education Finance
What makes agriculture different?
PHYSIOCRATS
- Believed that agriculture was the only
productive sector capable of generating
a surplus, and was the primary source of
wealth for a nation.
-Other sectors cannot exist without
agriculture
*agriculture provides the essential raw
materials
- Agriculture can provide goods from
scratch
AGRICULTURE
-Plays a significant contribution to
world’s economy
Necessary in the provision of the basic
necessities of life
-Agriculture is the art and science of
cultivating the soil, growing crops and
raising livestoc - National Geographic
FARMING
-“The practice of Agriculture”
-The act or process of working the
ground, planting seeds, and growing
edible plants
-Act of gathering resources
AGRICULTURAL
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
-“profitable marriage of agriculture
and entrepreneurship”-Muzari (2022)
-The application of the principles of
entrepreneurship to agricultural and
agro-based businesses
AGRIPRENEUR
-Agripreneur is an entrepreneur whose
business is agriculture or agriculture
related
BUSINESS
-refers to the efforts and activities
undertaken by individuals to produce
and sell goods and services for profit.
-“The backbone of the economy”
Exchange, purchase, sell, and creation of
goods and services
AGRIBUSINESS
-“Business of agricultural
production”Farming, processing,
marketing, and distribution of agricultural
products
-“Complete value chain in agriculture”
AGRIBUSINESS Agribusiness is a value
chain which aid the production of
agricultural products
♥ Input Providers-Provides agricultural
inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides
♥ Producers -Uses the provided inputs
through farming to produce agricultural
goods
♥ Processors-Refines and transforms
agricultural products Ex packaging
♥ Other Services -Includes distribution,
marketing, research, and
Functional areas of Management
MANAGEMENT
-The coordination and administration of
tasks to achieve a goal
-The process of planning, organizing,
coordinating, directing, and controlling
resources
♠ Operation
-Where inputs, or factors of production, are
converted to outputs, which are goods and
services
-Includes activities such as production
planning, quality control, inventory
management, and supply chain
management
!in AGRIPRENEURSHIP
-activities related to planting, cultivating,
harvesting, and managing livestock
♠ Finance
-involves planning for, obtaining, and
managing a companys funds and resources
-Conducts financial assessments to
evaluate the profitability and sustainability
!in AGRIPRENEURSHIP
-Budgetary functions like production costs,
equipment purchases, and marketing
expenses.
♠ Marketing
-includes promoting goods and services,
determining how the goods and services
will be delivered and developing a pricing
strategy to capture the market
-Involves studying market trends, identifying
customer needs, and assessing competition
to make informed marketing decisions.
!in AGRIPRENEURSHIP
-activities and strategies used to
promote, sell, and distribute products or
services to customers.
♠R & D
-activities responsible in knowledge
generation
-Designs policies towards adaptability
!in AGRIPRENEURSHIP
-Activities such as improving agricultural
practices, enhancing product quality,
and adopting new technologies
-Remaining competitive
 Operations-The heart of the
business
 Finance-The brain of the business
 Marketing-The face of the business
 R and D -The lifeblood of the
business
MANEGERIAL ROLES
♣ INTRAPERSONAL
-Responsibilities which includes
interaction with people such as
employees, clients, and other
stakeholders
♣ INFORMATIONAL
-Responsibilities which includes
receiving, collecting, and processing
information which are to be delivered to
those who need it
♣ DECISIONAL
♣Cooperatives
-Uses information to make an action,
-conversion of information into strategic
actions
# 3 PREPARING
BUSINESS
TYPES BUSINESS BY OWNERSHIP
♣ SoleProprietorship
♣ Partnership
♣ Cooperatives
♣ Corporations
♣ Non-Profit Organzations
♣SoleProprietorship
-owned and operated by one individual
-who makes all of the business
decisions
-Simplest form of business - easy to
start and popular
-shouldered by the owner
-All of the profits are enjoyed by the
owner
Advantage:
-Low start-up costs
-Total control of the business
-No public disclosure required
Disad:
-Difficult to raise funds
-Full Liability
-limited manpower
♣Partnership
-Two or more people share ownership
- “Partners”the owners shares the costs
and profits
 General Partnership - Partners
divide responsibility for
management and liability, as well
as the shares of profit or loss
 Limited Partnership - divide the
benefits and costs of the business
Adv:
-Easy to establish
-Combined expertise
-Distributed workload
Disad:
-Disagreements
-Full Liability
-Difficult transfer of ownership
-private business, organization or farm
that is owned by group of individuals
-owners work together to operate the
business
-owned by and operated for the benefit
of those using its services
-Profits and earnings generated by the
cooperative are distributed among the
members, also known as user-owners
Adv:
-Democratic structure
-Greater funding
-Less corruption
Disad:
-Hard to raise capital
-Lack of accountability
♣Corporations
-legal entity created by individuals or
shareholders with the purpose of
operating for profit
-treated like individual people by the law
-acts as a unique and separate entity
from its shareholders ♠Retail
-Created through the process of -Provide goods “Directly” to the consumers
“Incorporation” -Businesses “buy and sell” goods and
services
- Ownership based on holding of  Department Stores
stock shares  Supermarkets
Stocks - represents ownership in a  Retailers
corporation
♠Finance
- Profit based on the -Businesses which offers financial services
amount of stocks/bonds  Insurance
owned  Investment
Bonds - represents indebtedness of  Financing
a corporation
♠Tech
Adv: - engaged in development and production
-No liability burden of technology-related products and
-Greater capital through stocks services
-Tax exemptions  Softwares
 Telecommunications
Disad
-Limited Control TYPES OF BUSINESS BY SIZE
-Less involvement ♥ Micro
-Structural problems ♥ Small
♥ Medium
Non-Profit Organzations ♥ Large
-entity operates for mutual benefit
and to promote greater good.
♥Microenterprise
-Focuses on creating positive
-small-scale business that employs few
change rather than generating
people
profits
less than 10 employees
- Often run by families/individuals with
very minimal capital/assets 3,000,000 or
TYPES BUSINESS BY ACTIVITY less
♠ Manufacturing
♠ Service ♥Small Buiness
♠ Retail -Commonly managed by one person or
♠ Finace a small group of people
♠ Tech -PHP 3,000,001 to PHP 15,000,000 in
assets and 10 to 99 employees
♠Manufacturing
-Owners buy the raw material or ♥Medium
component parts to make goods -Huge Human Resource. Owners hire
-involved in production of goods; professionals to streamline the business
 Capital Goods -PHP 15,000,001 to PHP 100,000,000
 Consumer Goods in assets and 100 to 199 employees
 Intermediate Goods
 Durable Goods ♥Large
-Characterized its international reach.
♠Services Very large scale operations
-Performs tasks for the benefit of the -PHP 100,000,001 or more in assets
customers and 200 or more employees
-Provide “Intangible” items (services) to
consumers
 Education
 Healthcare
 Financial Advise
 Transportation
Enterprise Asset Size Number of
Employees
Micro Up to P3M 1-9
employees
Small P3M - 15M 10 - 99
employees
# 4 THE ROLE OF THE GOVERNMENT
-The prime duty of the government is to
serve and protect the people
-Provide “safe grounds” that will
allow economic activities to happen
smoothly
-Establish legal and regulatory
framework
-Provide services/support to people
through education and funding
*Government agencies
DEPARTMENTOFAGRICULTURE
-Primary government agency
responsible for the the development of
the agriculture sector
-envisions a food-secure and
resilient Philippines with empowered
and prosperous farmers and fishers
-Promotes agricultural development by
providing policy framework, public
investments, and support services
needed for domestic and export-
oriented
-“Masaganang Agrikultura, Maunlad
na Ekonomiya”
LANDBANK OF THE PHILIPPINES
-government-owned bank with a special
focus on serving the needs of farmers
and fishermen
DEPARTMENTOFTRADEANDINDUS
TRY
-Primary government agency
responsible in overseeing the country’s
trade, industry, and investment activities
-Develop micro, small, and medium
enterprises (MSMEs)
-Improve ease of doing business
*SOMEGOVERNMENTPROGRAMSA
ND
INTERVENTIONSTOPROMOTEAGRI
CULTUR AL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
♠ GO NEGOSYO ACT OF 2014
-known as RA 10644
-ACT PROMOTING JOB
GENERATION AND INCLUSIVE
GROWTH THROUGH THE
DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO, SMALL
AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE
-boost assistance to micro, small
and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to
help them grow and flourish
-Establishment of “Negosyo Centers”
* One-stop-shop to cater entrepreneur’s
needs in processing necessary
requirements in establishing a business
♠ EASE OF DOING BUSINESS ACT
OF 2018
-known as RA 11032
-Law aims to entice entrepreneurs by
making business transactions easier
for businesses to start operating in the
country.
-Elimination of Red-Tape transactions
♠ KAPATID MENTOR ME PROGRAM
-Aims to assist SMEs by educating
entrepreneurs with the necessary skills
to run a business
-The 12-week program covers training on
product development, accounting, taxation
and more
-Aims to help microentrepreneurs with
exemptions on coverage from the
minimum wage law, income tax
exemption, and assistance programs
and training
Business growth - Refers to the increase
of business’ size and output
*Increase in income, production, and
financial capacity of business
#5 BUSINESS GROWTH
STRATEGIES
♠ Market Penetration
-Increases the market share and
consumer base.
- characterized by aggressive
marketing (like ads and promos) and
lowering of prices
Loss leader strategy - setting the price
below the production cost/unexpectedly
low Loss leader to attract customers
-Massive promos like Loyalty/Rewards
program
♠ Product Expansion
-Adding more products to your current
product line
-offerings that are complimentary or
close to your product line-up
*If succesful
-Consumers can have brand loyalty
♠ Diversification
-If successful, You can have different
 types of consumers enjoying your *Using internet to reach more
products customers/market the product

♠ Market Expansion International Expansion

-Bringing your product into a new
territory or another demographic
-New geographical regions, targeting
different demographic segments, or
exploring international markets
*If successful
- Your business presence will increase
-Many people will be familiar with your
business
♠ Acquisition
-Acquiring an existing business
-a company purchases another
company to expand its operations
*If successful
-Monopolize a certain business line
-Possibility that you eliminate your
competitor
BUSINESS EXPANSION -business’
increase business scale or reach
Extension of business, new
branches etc
Franchising
- joint venture between a franchisor
and a franchisee
*Franchisor- original business owner
*Franchisee-buys the right to sell
franchisor’s goods
-the franchisor gives the right to the
franchisee the right to sell his/her
established products
-The franchisor receives “royalty”
from the the franchisee
*Royalty - percentage of franchise
operation sales
- Taking local business operations
abroad
* Involves opening new branches
overseas and/or selling products
overseas
Business Integration
-the process of one company
acquiring another company and
merging the operations
*Usually through acquisition
BUSINESS INTEGRATION
Vertical Integration -
-Taking ownership to processes (value
chain) involving the production of goods
and services
 Supplier
Distributors
Horizontal Integration
-When business grow in size within the
same level industry
*Involves absorbing competitors
- business strategy where one company
takes over another that operates at the
same level in an in

Licensing
-Agreement of shared use of
trademark, technology or intellectual
property
*licensee is granted the right to use a
trademark for a limited and specified
purpose

Strategic Partnership
-Happens when two enter a mutually
beneficial business relationship that can
help them grow and reduce costs

E-Commerce
-Expansion of business reach through
online platforms