GLOBAL STRATEGY FOR DIAGNOSIS, MANAGEMENT AND

PREVENTION OF COPD 2023 UPDATE†

METHODOLOGY
When the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) program was initiated in 1998, a goal was to
produce recommendations for management of COPD based on the best scientific information available. The first
report, Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD was issued in 2001. In 2006 and again in
2011 a complete revision was prepared based on published research. These reports, and their companion documents,
have been widely distributed and translated into many languages and can be found on the GOLD website
(www.goldcopd.org).

The GOLD Science Committee‡ was established in 2002 to review published research on COPD management and
prevention, to evaluate the impact of this research on recommendations in the GOLD documents related to

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management and prevention, and to post yearly updates on the GOLD website. Its members are recognized leaders in

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COPD research and clinical practice with the scientific credentials to contribute to the task of the Committee and are

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invited to serve in a voluntary capacity.

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Updates of the 2011-revised report were released in January 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016. Updates of the 2017-revised
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report were made in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022. The 2023 GOLD Report, is the 5th major revision of GOLD, and
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incorporates an update of information that has been reviewed by the science committee from 2021 to 2022 and a
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reassessment and revision of recommendations for the diagnosis, assessment and treatment of COPD.
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Process: To produce the GOLD report, a PubMed search (National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National
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Library of Medicine, Bethesda MD, USA) was completed using search fields established by the Committee: 1) COPD or
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (All Fields) AND 2) Clinical Trials or Meta-analysis (All Fields) OR 3) articles in
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the top 20 medical or respiratory journals (available on request) or The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
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Publications in peer reviewed journals not captured by the PubMed searches may be submitted to the Chair, GOLD
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Science Committee, providing the full paper, including abstract, is submitted in (or translated into) English.
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Members of the Committee receive a summary of citations and all abstracts. Each abstract is assigned to two
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Committee members, although all members are offered the opportunity to provide input on any abstract. Members
evaluate the abstract or, subject to her/his judgment, the full publication, by answering four specific written questions
from a short questionnaire, to indicate if the scientific data presented impacts on recommendations in the GOLD
report. If so, the member is asked to specifically identify modifications that should be made.

The GOLD Science Committee meets twice yearly to discuss each publication that was considered by at least one
member of the Committee to potentially have an impact on the management of COPD. The full Committee then
reaches a consensus on whether to include it in the report, either as a reference supporting current recommendations,
or to change the report. In the absence of consensus, disagreements are decided by an open vote of the full

† The Global Strategy for Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD (updated 2023), the Pocket Guide (updated 2023) and the complete list
of references examined by the Committee is available on the GOLD website: www.goldcopd.org.

‡GOLD Science Committee Members (2022-2023): C. Vogelmeier, Chair, A. Agusti, A. Anzueto, P. Barnes, J. Bourbeau, G. Criner, D. Halpin, M.
Han, F. Martinez, M. Montes de Oca, A. Papi, I. Pavord, N. Roche, D. Sin, D. Singh, R. Stockley, M. Victorina Lopez Varela, J. Wedzicha.