Linear Power Supply Dimensioning

Given an output power and load, calculate the required rail voltage, capacitance, and transformer power rating

Formulas adapted from Signal Transfer Co web page:

http://www.signaltransfer.freeuk.com/powerout.htm

User Input: Amplifier Full-Power Output, Dissipation, and Load:

4 ohm, nominal load impedance
100 Watts, maximum power delivered to load by amplifier
53 Watts, dissipated power (as heat) at maximum amplifier output power (see note 3)
4 Vod: output drop out voltage = Vrail - Vout,peak
60 Mains Frequency [Hz] (50Hz or 60Hz)

32.28 Vrail,required: to achieve the specified power output into the specified load, the rail
voltage must be equal to or greater than this voltage (for split rail PS)
28.28 Vout,peak: peak voltage that output devices can deliver from Vrail,required
7.07 Ipeak: peak current delivered to load at full power assuming zero phase angle
2.25 Irms: RMS current delivered to load at full power
1.64 Idiss: RMS current resulting from dissipated power

Calculating rail voltage ripple given capcitance value (for EACH rail)
10,000 C [uF] <-- user input
2.34 Vripple resulting Vripple
1.272 Iripple [rms amps]

Calculating required capcitance value (for EACH rail) for a given rail voltage ripple
1 Vripple <-- user input
23,354 C [uF] required C per rail
1.272 Iripple [rms amps]

Transformer Info (see note 1):

3.89 full power RMS current demand (from transformer secondary)
48.11 required secondary (AC) voltage to achieve Vrail,required (assumes two diode drops of
0.7V each) while supplying full power
± 24.06 required secondary (AC) voltages, as above, when using dual rail power supplies
187 minimum transformer VA rating for continuous operation of amplifier at the specified
power output into the specified load (see note 2)

NOTES:
NOTE 1: transformer secondary voltage requirements shown above are when the
transformer is under load. Under no-load conditions, the transformer secondary voltage
(or rated secondary voltage) may be significantly higher if a low VA transformer is used.
Transformer voltage sag and losses are not considered in the above calculations.

NOTE 2: music signals consist of a (lower) average power level and peaks above the
average. If the average power level is significantly lower, the demand on the transformer
will be reduced and the continuous full power rating shown above is excessive. Derating
by as much as 50% is acceptable in some situations (depending on the average power
demand), however, this will result in much greater sag in the secondary voltage, however,
when demand is increased.

NOTE 3: For a class AB amplifier, the maximum power dissipation is calculated by:

For the data entered for the amplifier and load, Pd, max = 53 Watts
ng
rmer power rating