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Grade 11 Agriculture Science Week 5 Lesson 1
Grade 11 Agriculture Science Week 5 Lesson 1
Review questions
1. Name two pork type and two bacon type pig found in your country.
2. Explain the term “breeds” as it relates to swine production.
3 Differentiate between the brittish Saddle Back and the Hamshire.
4. State which breed of swine has a high killing out percentage because of commercial production.
Reference
Book
R. Ramharacksingh, 2011. Agricultural science for C.S.E.C examination macmillan publishers
s. Ragoonanan,2011. Agriculture for C.S.E.C revision course. Caribbean educational publishers.
T. De Ponti“, the crop yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture" in agricultural systems.
Internet
Https://www.Roysfarm.Com/british-saddleback-pig/
Https://www.Pork.Org/facts/pig-farming/major-swine-breeds/
video link
https://www.Youtube.Com/watch?V=8gmbt87i0li
https://www.Youtube.Com/watch?V=dch7muo9sze
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
SECONDARY ENGAGEMENT PROGRAMME
OCTOBER 2020
WEEK 5
LESSON # 1
GRADE :11
Objectives
To recognize the process of reproduction of swine.
To list and discuss the husbandry practice and systems of rearing swine.
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Breeding
Breeding or mating systems are the approach taken to pairing a boar and a gilt or sow for breeding
in order to incorporate or maintain desired traits.
Because the genetics of a pig plays an important role in its performance and meat quality, all pig
producers should be familiar with breeding systems for pigs.
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Pig Reproduction
Puberty: 6 - 8 months
Gestation: 115 days
Lactation: 25 days
Wean to breed: 5 days
Total cycle 145 days
Maximum possible: 2.5 litters per year
Pigs per sow per year: 18 to 27
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• Colostrum
• Needle teeth
• Tails
• Iron
• Ear notch
• Cross-foster
• Castrate
Husbandry Practices
The science of breeding, rearing, and caring for farm animals.
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Extensive system
In this system, the farmer allows the pigs to roam about and fend for themselves.
This system has little or no capital investment and the cost of production is low.
However, disease incidence and worm infestations are very high.
The farmer provides housing for the animals and allows them to move out to feed on natural vegetation.
The farmer provides paddocks around the housing, which he has fenced.
Wallow pits and shades are also provided within the farm.
Moreover, the farmer allows animals to move about thereby, exercising themselves to prevent fat build-up in
the body.
Groups concerned about ethical standards in livestock farming would approve this model.
The system needs less capital investment but the labour requirements, disease incidence and parasite
infestations are high.
Concentrate feeds are also provided.
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Feeding
Good feed is necessary for growth, body maintenance and the production of meat and milk.
You can use locally available feeds that are less expensive, but can be nutritionally complete when
properly prepared.
In fact, pigs can be fed well, using only kitchen scraps from a family’s household.
The nutritional needs of pigs can be divided into six categories or classes.
These are water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
The feeding trough should be firmly anchored to the floor to prevent overturning and wasting feed.
The feeding trough can also be used to supply water.
At large farms automatic drinkers are used (bowls or nipples).
All pigs need sufficient clean drinking water.
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Review questions
References
Buchanan, D.S. 2006. Inbreeding in swine. Pork information gateway factsheet 06-01-06
Damron, W.S. 2013. Introduction to animal science: global, biological, social, and industrial perspectives.
5th edition. Pearson education inc., Upper saddle river, NJ.
Internet
https://blog.agrihomegh.com/raising-pigs/#:~:text=labour%20and%20equipment.-,SEMI-INTENSIVE,
https://blog.agrihomegh.com/raising-pigs/#:~:text=labour%20and%20equipment.-,SEMI-INTENSIVE,
Video Link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpOMsnDwG1U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjPPAXck_l4
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
SECONDARY ENGAGEMENT PROGRAMME
OCTOBER 2020
WEEK 5
LESSON # 2
GRADE :11
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