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Landcare SJ Keeping It Local Plants Guide July 2017 Edition
Landcare SJ Keeping It Local Plants Guide July 2017 Edition
native species in Landcare projects for the mid Swan Coastal Plain
(districts of Serpentine Jarrahdale [SJ] and North Murray). Landcare
projects include activities such as wind breaks, restoration of remnant
or riparian vegetation and aesthetic plantings. Extra information about
each species is listed in the key on page six for fast referencing. Species
information was taken from the Florabase website (http://florabase.dec.
wa.gov.au) and Growing Locals by Robert Powell & Jane Emberson.
Additional species information was provided by Dr. Penny Hollick
(Shire of Serpentine Jarrahdale Botonist). Other information has been
taken from references listed at the back of this booklet.
keeping it local
Controlling micro-climate by providing
Local? wind breaks, stock shelter and creating
Native plants is a broad term used for plant cool air in summer;
species that naturally occur in the Australian Halting or reversing
landscape. There are also plants which are land degradation;
indigenous or local to a particular area. If for
example a tree which is local to Queensland Controlling soil
erosion and improving
is planted in Perth it will not fit in the
soil health;
landscape and is considered a weed if placed
into protected bushland. It is also less likely to Restoring rivers;
survive in the different soils and climate. Managing water use
and movement in the
The Swan Coastal Plain and Darling Scarp landscape;
host a huge variety of indigenous species
Controlling salinity;
which make this area both botanically rich
and historically unique. Over the years, much Conserving biodiversity;
of the natural bushland has been cleared Producing timber;
for farming, timber industry and housing
development. It is important now to return Aesthetics and landscaping; and
some of these plants into the modified Commercial production of cut flowers,
landscape through strategic revegetation. This oil and honey.
booklet contains a list of the local plants
which are commercially available from native
plant specialists for you to use on your
property.
BRICKWOOD RESERVE
1
D O YO U K N OW YO U R T R E E S ?
Here are descriptions and diagrams to help Jarrah is famous for its hard wood qualities
you identify the four most common eucalypts and was milled, as the name suggests, in
in the region. Jarrahdale in the late 1800s. There are a few
majestic specimens that are 500 years in age
Jarrah and rise to 50 metres in height that can be
Eucalyptus marginata found in the south west corner of WA.
The leaves are dark green and glossy above From Greek, calophylla means ‘beautiful leaf ’.
and paler underneath.
The bark is tessellated and grey-brown in
The cylindrical buds open to white flowers colour. The red ‘gum’ or kino which is
in the spring and summer months. The fruits produced can often be found on the trunk.
are small and round to barrel-shaped. The It was used by indigenous people for healing
bark is rough and grey over a reddish-brown wounds as it has antiseptic qualities and
fibrous bark. can even be diluted with water for use as a
2
mouthwash. The tannin was also used for creeks; throughout the South West of WA.
keeping it local
tanning kangaroo skins. The Flooded Gum is often used in waterway
restoration projects as it provides good shade,
The leaves are broad at the base and taper an important function of healthy water. This
to a point, dark green on top and distinctly many-branched Eucalypt is a very important
paler underneath. The small buds produce tree for nectar-eating insects and birds. It also
creamy white flowers from early summer to provides nesting sites for water birds with its
early winter. There is also a variety with a horizontal branches and hollows low to the
rose coloured flower called Corymbia calophylla ground.
rosea.
Wandoo
The marri is important for honey producers Eucalyptus wandoo
and habitat for a range of fauna. In particular,
endemic cockatoos use the old hollows for
nesting and the fruit for feeding.
The major soil types associated with these rainfall is higher in the hills than on the coastal
landscape features are described in more detail plain, the planting and growing season is
below. extended into late winter.
Hills soils consist of variations of clay-gravels The scarp supports forest of jarrah and open
and are usually compacted very hard in woodlands of marri, wandoo and flooded
summer and moist in winter.This area receives gum. The western parts of the Serpentine
the highest rainfall in the Perth metropolitan National Park show examples.
region and over time erosion on the slopes has
exposed the granite and laterite. In the shallow The laterite consists of gravelly soils and
soils, where rock is close to the surface, supports woodland or forest of jarrah and
communities of shrubs and herbs exist. In the marri, with banksia and snottygobble in the
deeper soils are woodlands of mostly jarrah, second storey. Examples occur in Jarrahdale.
marri, wandoo and flooded gum.
The granite outcrops in the area support
These gravel soils are a good growing medium some woodland and shrubland where the
as they hold moisture without being prone soil is deeper and herbs in the shallow soil.
to water-logging, and are usually quite fertile. See Monadnocks Conservation Park, Sullivan
Though they are hard to work even with Rock.
machinery, success can be achieved through
planting seedlings or direct seeding. As the The loams and clays of the valley soils support
4
forests of jarrah, marri and flooded gum as The natural vegetation type of these soils
keeping it local
well as banksia and a large variety of shrubs. is reflective of a wetland environment with
The valley of the Serpentine River is an sheoak and paperbark or marri and flooded
example. gum woodlands. Poorly drained flats of both
the Beermullah and Guildford complexes give
Foothills rise to shrublands, herblands and sedgelands.
Forrestfield soils Most of the vegetation on the Beermullah
and Serpentine River soils have been cleared.
The narrow strip of foothills at the base of Remnants of this vegetation type can be
the Darling Scarp is known as the Ridge found along the eastern sections of the verge
Hill Shelf and is made up of Forrestfield soils. of Mundijong road.
This soil type consists of sand and gravel
and therefore drains well. Sections along the Some examples of remnant vegetation in
South West Highway display this soil type. Guildford soils can be found in the western
side of Cardup Reserve on Cardup Siding
Almost entirely cleared, this soil type supports Road, with annual herbs such as sundews,
woodland of jarrah and marri on gravelly trigger-plants, daisies and sedges.
soils. Low woodland of banksias, sheoak and
woody pear also grow in the sand along the Bassendean Dunes
base of the scarp, perhaps representing an Bassendean sands,
old beach at a time when the sea level was Southern River and
much higher than today. Cardup Reserve on Bassendean swamps
Cardup Siding Road is a good example of a
plant community still existing in this soil type. Of the three north-south running dune systems
on the Swan Coastal Plain, the Bassendean
Pinjarra Plain sands are the oldest and are located inland
Beermullah, Guildford adjacent to the Darling Scarp. The nutrients
and Serpentine River soils have largely been removed by many years of
water leaching through the profile, leaving
The alluvial soils (carried down from the pale grey/yellow sand. This infertile sand can
scarp by water) of the Pinjarra Plain are fertile also be acidic and lacks organic matter.
clays and loams and hence were chosen for
agriculture soon after European settlement. The natural vegetation of this soil type is
This complex soils group is made up of soils open banksia woodland with a very diverse
of different ages that have been deposited understorey, including woollybush (Adenanthos
from both the scarp and east of it, by rivers cygnorum), which is a good indicator of this
and streams as fans of alluvium. Guildford soil type.
soils consist of a duplex profile, usually sand/
loam over clay. Beermullah soils are prone to The Bassendean swamps in the low-lying areas
becoming saline and waterlogged. Serpentine of the dunes have a dampland environment
River soils can be found south of Cardup in which contains woodlands of paperbark and,
flat, poorly drained plains. in the higher areas, flooded gums, marri and
5
holly-leaf Banksia. The soil is black and peaty.
SOIL continued
Southern River Soils are characterised by Aeolian (wind deposited) sand over alluvial (water deposited)
clay and so in higher ground the Southern River soils are similar to Bassendean sands and along the
drainage lines similar to Guildford soils.
Spearwood Dunes
Karrakatta soils
The Spearwood dune system lies between the Bassendean dunes to the east and Quindalup dunes to the
west, with a few examples in North Murray at the far western boundary of the district.These are aeolian
soils that have been deposited on the coast by the ocean and blown by the wind to form dunes. They
consist of yellow sands that do not hold moisture well.The natural vegetation is open woodlands of marri
and jarrah or tuart, banksia and sheoak.
The following pages list local native plant species grouped into these classifications:
SPECIES INDEX
Ground Covers, Herbs and Climbers Page 8 Make sure you order tubestock
size seedlings early, ideally in
Small Shrubs - Up to one metre Page 13 December before the Autumn /
Medium Shrubs - One metre to three metres Page 22 Winter planting of the following
year. For information regarding
Tall Shrubs - Three metres and above Page 35 local nurseries contact the
Trees - Eight metres and above Page 41 Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona
Landcare Centre. (See back cover
Sedges & Rushes - River & wetland fringes Page 46 for contact details)
Grasses Page 50
Species characteristics
Fence Screen, Windbreak - homogenous form, where the porosity is evenly spread.
That is, the leaves, branches, and air spaces are distributed evenly.
Low flammability - The leaves of these plants have a higher water content and a lower oil content
than other species; they drop fewer leaves and branches; and their leaves have a lower surface area
(wide and flat instead of long and thin). They catch fire slowly, burn slow and cool, and produce
low flames.
Timber production - Local native tree species that are suitable, when managed, to provide a
range of timber products; for example firewood, fence posts, and high quality saw logs.
Bird attractant - Plants more likely to attract and provide habitat to native birds.
Dieback resistant - known to be unaffected by the presence of Phytophthora dieback disease
from testing or field observation.
Species preferred soil type
Hills Foothills Pinjarra Plain Bassendean Sands Spearwood Sands
6 KEY
keeping it local Map: Jodie Wood
G RO U N D C OV E R S
herbs and climbers
Species characteristics
Dieback resistant
Hardenbergia comptoniana
Good for windbreaks
Hybanthus calycinus
Native Wisteria Wild Violet
Low flammability
A climber that is well known and cultivated A straggly perennial herb growing to 0.1 - 0.6m
widely.
Suitable for timberFound in Jarrah forest and prefers sandy high. Flowers are blue/purple appearing from Jul
productionsoils. The purple flowers are abundant in Jul - Oct. - Oct. Found in Jarrah forest and in the sandy soils
A good screening plant in gardens. of the Swam Coastal Plain.
Hills
Foothills
Pinjarra Plain
Bassendean Sands
Spearwood Sands
SHRUBS
Photo: Eddy Wajon
Photo: Eng Pin Tay
SMALL
Photo: Anne Ireland
13
SHRUBS
(up to one metre)
Photo: M Pieroni
SMALL
Bossiaea eriocarpa Bossiaea ornata
Common Brown Pea Broad Leaved Brown Pea
Erect or straggly and spreading shrub of 0.2-1m. An erect spreading shrub growing on sandy and
Flowers are yellow, red and brown and appear Jul- lateritic soils in the Jarrah forest. Flowers between
Nov. Prefers wet conditions of all soils. Sept-Nov. Of the peas, its yellow/brown flowers
Photo: Russell Barrett are among the largest.
SMALL
Gompholobium capitatum Gompholobium knightianum
Yellow Pea
Slender and erect shrub growing to 1m with Slender and erect shrub growing to 0.5m with
yellow flowers in Sep-Jan. Prefers sandy or laterite pink/purple flowers in Jul-Dec. Often found in
soils in swampy areas or along river banks. lateritic soils.
SMALL
Hibbertia huegelii Hibbertia hypericoides
Yellow Buttercups
Grows erect, open and spreads only reaching A small twiggy spreading shrub 0.2-1m with
60cm in height. The bright yellow flowers appear yellow flowers from Apr-Dec. Will grow in a
in Jul-Dec. Prefers sandy and gravelly soils. variety of habitats.
SMALL
Petrophile linearis Pimelea rosea
Pixie Mops Rose Banjine
An erect growing shrub up to 0.2 - 1m high. A small erect shrub growing to 0.3 - 1m high.
Flowers are pink/grey/white and appear from Aug Masses of pink/red/purple flowers appear from
- Dec. Grows in white, grey or yellow sand, often Jul - Dec. Found in sand, sandy clay and gravel on
over laterite, mainly on sandplains. coastal sand dunes & plains, limestone or granitic
rises.
21
M E D I U M S H RU B S
(one to three metres)
KEY
Bird attractant
Ground Covers Herbs Page
& Climbers
Dieback resistant
Small Shrubs Page
Up to one metre Good for screening
Adenanthos
Medium Shrubs obovatus Page Allocasuarina humilis
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Basket Flower Dwarf Sheoak
Tall Shrubs
Erect shrub growing to 2.0m withPage red/orange LowAn
flammability
erect or spreading shrub growing to 2m.
Three metres up tooccurring
flowers eight metresin May-Dec. Grows in
Brown/red/orange
Suitable for timber flowers in May-Nov. Wide
Trees sandy gravel/loam soils in swamps,Page winter-wet distribution in sandy clays, gravel or sand.
production
depressions
Greater than 8 metres and hillsides.
23
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
M E D I U M S H RU B S
(one to three metres)
KEY
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
Photo: Dr Penny Hollick
KEY
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
Photo: K.C. Richardson & M. Hislop
species
Species characteristics
Page
Foothills
Spearwood Sands
KEY
species
Species characteristics
Photo: Eddy Wajon
Page
Foothills
Spearwood Sands
Photo: K.C. Richardson
KEY
The following pages list local native plant species
KEY
ings early, ideally Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
Pinjarra Plain
er planting of the in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
local nurseries following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands Bassendean Sands
oona Landcare contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands Spearwood Sands
Photo: Dr Penny Hollick
An erect to spreading shrub growing 0.2 - 1.2m This open shrub grows from 0.2 - 1.5m. The
high. Flowers are yellow appearing Jun - Dec. yellow feather flowers change from yellow/orange
Found in white, grey or yellow sand, clay, gravel, to red/brown once pollinated in Aug - Nov. Will
laterite along sandplains & dunes. grow in many soil types.
33
M E D I U M S H RU B S
(one to three metres)
34
S H RU B S
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
The following pages list local native plant species
Species characteristics
Acacia
Medium ephedroides
Shrubs Page Acacia microbotrya
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
TA L L
Manna Wattle
Tallweeping
This Shrubsshrub or tree growing 1 - 4mPage high BushyLowtall flammability
shrub that grows to 7m.Yellow flowers
Three metres up to eight metres
has 'minni-ritchi' peeling bark. Flowers are yellow occur Suitable
Mar - forAug and can be found in sandy loam
timber
Trees Aug - Oct. Found in loam, clayeyPage
appearing loam, or clayproduction
loam soils, granite outcrops, road verges and
Greater
sand andthan 8 metres
granite outcrops. watercourses.
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
KEY
KEY
Page Page
Photo: R Davis
& Climbers
Dieback resistant Dieback resistant
Page Small Shrubs Page
Up toGood
one metre
for screening Good for screening
Page Actinostrobus
Medium Shrubs pyramidalis
Good for windbreaks
Page Adenanthos cygnorum
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Swamp Cypress Woolly Bush
Page ATall Shrubs
Low
conifer flammability Page
growing 1 - 4m. The cones are produced Lowdiffuse,
An erect flammability
non-lignotuberous shrub, grows
allThree metres up to eight metres
yearSuitable
roundforand the seeds are winged for good
timber 0.8 - 4m high.
Suitable for Flowers
timber are white/cream/green/
Page Trees
dispersal. Prefers sandy, loam soil and moist Page
production low pink appearing
production from Jul - Dec. Likes sand, clay,
Greater
lying thanMany
land. 8 metres
can be seen growing along gravel and laterite soils.
Mundijong 35
Page Sedges &Road. Rushes Page
RiverHills
& wetland fringes Hills
Page
Foothills
Photo: M. Hancock, E.P. Hodgkin, A. Ireland
Spearwood Sands
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
Bossiaea aquifolium
Medium Shrubs Page Callistemon phoeniceus
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Water Bush Lesser Bottlebrush
ATall Shrubs
tall shrub Page
or tree growing 0.6 - 8 m high. Low flammability
Tall shrub growing 1 - 6m high. Flowers are red
Three metres up to eight metres
Flowers are orange/yellow/red/brown appearing appearing Sepfor-timber
Suitable Jan. Found in sandy soils over
Trees
Jul - Nov. Found in clay loam, laterite and Page
granite laterite. Often along watercourses.
production
Greater than 8 metres
soils.
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
Bird attractant
Ground Covers Herbs Page
& Climbers
Dieback resistant
Small Shrubs Page
Up to one metre Good for screening
Callistachys
Medium Shrubslanceolata Page Calothamnus rupestris
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Wonnich/Native Willow Mouse Ears
AnTall Shrubs
erect Page
shrub or tree growing 1.5 - 7m high. Low flammability
This erect compact or spreading shrub or tree
Three metres up to eight metres
Flowering orange/yellow during Sep - Jan. Found growsSuitable
to 4m for
high and has pink/red flowers
timber
inTrees
damp sandy soils along watercourses andPage between Jul - Dec. Found in gravelly skeletal soils
production
Greater than 8 metres
swamps. and granite outcrops.
36
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
S H RU B S
Photo: Eddy Wajon
Photo: M. Hislop
Eremaea pauciflora Gastrolobium ebracteolatum
TA L L
Orange Flowered Eremaea
Usually a small shrub, but has been known to A slender erect shrub, to 4m high. Flowering
reach 4m. The bright orange flowers occur Jul - yellow/purple/red from Oct - Dec. Found in
Jan. Tolerant plant that can survive conditions such loam or sandy loam in riverine areas and swampy
as road verges and salt marsh fringes. woodlands.
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
Photo: PG Armstrong
Bird attractant
Ground Covers Herbs Page
& Climbers
Dieback resistant
Small Shrubs Page
Up to one metre Good for screening
Gastrolobium
Medium Shrubs spinosum Page Grevillea diversifolia
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Prickly Poison Variable-leaved Grevillea
TallAShrubs
low and bushy to erect and open, pricklyPage shrub, Lowerect
An flammability
to spreading shrub, 1 - 6m high.
Three
tometres
3.5mup to eight
high. metresare yellow/orange/red
Flowers Flowering
Suitable for yellow/green/cream/white/red
timber between
appearing May/Aug - Jan . Found in Page
Trees sandy & clay Apr - Jan. Often found along watercourses & low-
production
soils,
Greater gravel
than laterite & granite.
8 metres lying, seasonally wet flats.
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
Photo: Johanne Garvey
Photo: Eddy Wajon
KEY
The following pages list local native plant species
Page
& Climbers
Dieback resistant
Small Shrubs Page
Up to one metre Good for screening
HakeaShrubs
Medium petiolaris Page Hakea varia
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Sea Urchin Hakea Variable-leaved Hakea
TallThis
Shrubs Page
erect shrub or tree to 9m high has pink/ AnLowerect
flammability
or spreading shrub growing 1 - 4m high,
Three metres up to eight metres
cream flowers appearing from Mar - Jul. Found in toSuitable
3m wide. Flowering white/cream/yellow from
for timber
Trees
loam, granite soils and rocky outcrops.Page Jul - Nov. White, grey or red loamy sand, clay
production
Greater than 8 metres loam, laterite. Seasonally-wet flats.
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
KEY
Species characteristics
Bird attractant
Dieback resistant
Jacksonia furcellata
Good for windbreaks Jacksonia sternbergiana
Grey Stinkwood Stinkwood
ALow flammability
prostrate to weeping erect shrub growing to This erect weeping shrub or tree growing 1.5 -
4m high.forFlowers
Suitable timber yellow/orange/red from Oct 5m high has yellow/orange flowers appearing from
- production
Mar. Likes sandy soils, sandplains, rises, swampy Jan - Dec. Likes sandy soils along rivers & creeks,
depressions and river banks. near swamps, flats and dunes.
Hills
Foothills
y Pinjarra Plain
he
Bassendean Sands
Photo: Anna von Puttkammer
Spearwood Sands
KEY
cies
Photo: Dr Penny Hollick
Species characteristics
Bird attractant
Page
Dieback resistant
Page
Good for screening
Page Kunzea ericifolia
Good for windbreaks Leucopogon verticillatus
Spearwood Tassel Flower
Page Lowshrub
An erect flammability
to 1 - 4m high.Yellow/cream/ An erect bamboo-like shrub growing 0.8 - 4m
white Suitable
flowersforappearing
timber Jul - Dec. Good colonising high. Flowering pink/red from Aug - Nov. Found
Page species, often found in sandy soils.
production frequently on gravelly lateritic or granitic soils,
often in wet situations.
38
Page
Hills
Page
S H RU B S
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
The following pages list local native plant species
Species characteristics
TA L L
Grey Honeymyrtle
ATall Shrubs
tall shrub or tree to 1 - 6m high. FlowersPage
white/ A tall Low
shrubflammability
or tree to 0.4 - 5m high. Flowers
Three metres up to eight metres
pink appearing Sep - Jan. Found in sandy soils, white/cream/yellow
Suitable for timber appearing May - Nov. Red-
winter-wet
Trees flats, saline depressions, swamps and Page grey-brown sand, sandy clay over ironstone in
production
Greateroutcrops.
granite than 8 metres seasonally wet flats, depressions and swamps.
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
SPECIES INDEX
KEY
Melaleuca lateriflora
Medium Shrubs Page Melaleuca teretifolia
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Gorada Banbar
TalltallShrubs
This shrub or tree growing 1 - 8m highPage has A tall Low
shrubflammability
or tree to 1 - 5m high. Flowering
Three metres up to eight metres
white/cream flowers from Sep - Feb. Found in white/cream/pink during Oct - Mar. Found in
Suitable for timber
Trees
sandy or clayey soils in winter-wet flats, floodplains,
Page sandy production
soils and clay in winter-wet depressions and
Greater than
creeklines, 8 metres and saline flats.
swampy swamps.
Sedges & Rushes Page
River & wetland fringes Hills
Grasses Page
Foothills
Make sure you order tubestock size seedlings early, ideally Pinjarra Plain
in December before the Autumn / Winter planting of the
following year. For information regarding local nurseries
Bassendean Sands
contact the Serpentine Jarrahdale or Waroona Landcare
Centre.
Spearwood Sands
EX
Y
KEY
Species
groupedcharacteristics
into these classifications: Species characteristics
KE
Page Page
& Climbers
Dieback resistant Dieback resistant
Page Small Shrubs Page
Up toGood
one metre
for screening Good for screening
Page Melaleuca uncinata
Medium Shrubs
Good for windbreaks
Page Melaleuca viminea
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Broom Bush Mohan
Page Talltall
This Shrubs
Low shrub or tree 0.5 - 5m high flowersPage
flammability Low0.6
Growing flammability
- 5m high this tall shrub or tree
Three metres up to eight metres
white/cream/yellow
Suitable for timber throughout Feb - Mar/ flowersSuitable
white/cream
for timber during Jul - Nov. Found
Page Trees
Jul–Dec. Found in sandy or clayey soils, laterite,
production Page near creeks or wet depressions, along watercourses,
production
Greater thanwinter-wet
sandplains, 8 metres depressions and saline flats. rocky coastal areas, flats.
39
Page Sedges & Rushes Page
RiverHills
& wetland fringes Hills
ecies
Bird attractant
Page
Dieback resistant
Page
Good for screening
Page Taxandria
Good for linearifolia
windbreaks
TA L L
Page A smallLowtreeflammability
or shrub to 5m high. Flowers white
between Mar for
Suitable - May/Sep
timber - Dec. Found in loam,
Page clay, sand, gravel, quartzite or laterite bordering
production
swamps and watercourses.
Page
Hills
Page
Foothills
Spearwood Sands
Species characteristics
Photo: Eddy Wajon
Bird attractant
Dieback resistant
Foothills
y Pinjarra Plain
he
Bassendean Sands
Spearwood Sands
40
Trees are a wonderful
addition to any garden
or Landcare project for a
variety of reasons including
attracting wildlife, providing
T R E E S
windbreaks and shade for
crops, pasture and livestock.
Some of the species are
also a valuable timber crop.
Products include posts, poles,
sawlogs and firewood.
ve plant species
Species characteristics
Photo: Eddy Wajon
Page
Foothills
Spearwood Sands
Photo: Eng Pin Tay
T R E E S
Photo: Eddy Wajon
Corymbia haematoxylon Eucalyptus gomphocephala
Mountain Marri Tuart
Found growing along the Darling Scarp in sandy This is the largest tree found on the Swan Coastal
soils over rock. Grows to 15m. The white flowers Plain and can reach 40m. It is also an important
appear Oct-Mar. tree for habitat for a range of birds, insects and
marsupials. It has pale, rough bark and the white
flowers appear Jan-Apr. The Tuart prefers sand over
limestone.
Illustration: Sietske Hunn
Photo: C. Hortin
KEY
tive plant species The following pages list local native plant species
s: Species
groupedcharacteristics
into these classifications: Species characteristics
KE
Page Page
& Climbers
Dieback resistant Dieback resistant
Page Small Shrubs Page
Up toGood
one metre
for screening Good for screening
Page Melaleuca cuticularis
Medium Shrubs
Good for windbreaks
Page Melaleuca preissiana
Good for windbreaks
One metre up to three metres
Saltwater Paperbark Moonah/Stout Paperbark
Page Tall Low
Gnarly Shrubs
treeflammability Page
or shrub growing to 7m. The white/ Low flammability
A shrub/tree growing to 9m in sandy, swampy
Three metres up to eight metres
cream flowersforappear
Suitable timber Aug-Nov. Will grow in salt conditions. The
Suitable white/cream/yellow flowers
for timber
Page Trees
conditions such as salt lakes and along the coast.
production Page appearproduction
Nov-Feb.
Greater alluvial,
Prefers than 8 metres
sandy or clay soils that are moist.
44
Page Sedges & Rushes Page
RiverHills
& wetland fringes Hills
Photo: SJ Patrick
Paraserianthes lophantha Xylomelum occidentale
Albizia Woody Pear
A shrub/tree growing to 10m in height. The Small tree or shrub growing to 8m with cream/
yellow/green flowers appear Apr-Oct. Grows in white flowers in Dec-Feb. Found growing in
sandy or granite soils in wet conditions such as white/grey sand, often amongst Marri.
swamps.
45
S E D G E S & RU S H E S
Photo: M Kealley
Baumea preissii Baumea vaginalis
Sheath Twig-rush
Robust sedge growing to 2m tall. Flowers are A robust tufted sedge which can grow to 1.5m tall
purple/brown/grey and appear Jul - Dec. Grows in and 1.5m wide. Brown flowers appear Oct - Nov.
silty sand, waterlogged soils and in swamps. Grows in dark brown soils along water courses
Can withstand inundation up to 30cm. and in winter wet depressions. Can withstand
inundation up to 30cm.
Tetraria capillaris
Hair Sedge
(no photo available)
A rhizomatous, tufted perennial sedge growing
0.15 - 0.7m high in clumps to 1m. Brown flowers
appear from Jan - Dec. Found in grey or brown
Photo: Russell Barrett
Triglochin linearis
Schoenoplectus validus (no photo available)
Lake Club-rush A rhizomatous and tuberous, aquatic perennial
Robust sedge growing to 2m with brown flowers herb growing to 0.2 - 0.4m high. Green and
in Oct - Feb. Grows in silt and sand in fresh and yellow flowers from Jun - Nov. Found in peaty
brackish water in swamps and estuaries. sand, mud and clay along rivers, creeks, swamps.
Can withstand inundation up to 1m. Waterlogging tolerant.
49
GRASSES - the natives
G R A S S E S
When we think of grasses we imagine the high maintenance green lawns of landscape
gardening. There are, however, an abundance of native species of grasses which play an
important role in the bushland ecosystem, and therefore revegetation projects. In our region
alone, there are over 30 species of native grasses, ranging from tufting perennials to matted
grasses with runners. Grasses can be used for soil stabilisation, grazing, understorey habitat
(for example for bandicoots and reptiles) and the rehabilitation of verges, basins and creeks.
Please pay special attention to the grasses you may be spraying in
your garden or in bushland reserves – it could be a local!
Grasses are extremely difficult to produce commercially, but the following four species are the
most likely to be available from native plant specialists. Availability will vary on a yearly basis.
Photo: Dr Penny Hollick
Adenanthos Beaufortia
barbiger 14 purpurea 25
cygnorum 35 squarrosa 25
meisneri 23
obovatus 23 Billardiera
heterophylla 9
Agonis
flexuosa 41 Bolboschoenus
caldwelli 47
Agrostocrinum
scabrum 8 Bossiaea
aquifolium 36
Allocasuarina eriocarpa 15
fraseriana 41 ornata 15
huegeliana 41
humilis 23 Brachyscome
iberidifolia 9
Amphipogon
turbinatus 50 Burchardia
congesta 9
Anigozanthos
bicolor 8 Callistachys
humilus 8 lanceolata 36
manglesii 8
viridis 8 Callistemon
phoeniceus 36
Aotus
gracillima 24 Calothamnus
hirsutus 25
Astartea lateralis 25
fascicularis 24 quadrifidus 25
scoparia 24 rupestris 36
sanguineus 25
Astroloma
pallidum 14
51
INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Calytrix Dianella
angulata 15 revoluta 10
flavescens 15
fraseri 15
Eremaea
Carex pauciflora 37
fascicularis 47
Eucalyptus
Casuarina gomphocephala 43
obesa 42 laeliae 43
lane-poolei 43
Chamaescilla marginata 43
corymbosa 9 megacarpa 43
patens 44
Chorizema rudis 44
cordatum 26 todtiana 44
dicksonii 15 wandoo 44
rhombeum 16
Ficinia
Clematis nodosa 47
pubescens 9
Gahnia
Conospermum trifidia 47
huegelii 16
stoechadis 26 Gastrolobium
capitatum 16
Conostylis ebracteolatum 37
aculeata 9 spinosum 37
candicans 10
Gompholobium
Corymbia capitatum 17
calophylla 42 knightianum 17
haematoxylon 43 marginatum 17
preissii 17
Cristonia tomentosum 17
biloba 16
Grevillea
Cymbopogon bipinnatifida 17
obtectus 50 diversifolia 37
endlicheriana 26
Damperia manglesii 37
linearis 10 obtusifolia 27
teres 10 pilulifera 18
trigona 10 quercifolia 18
synapheae 18
Darwinia vestita 27
citriodora 26 wilsonii 18
Dasypogon Hakea
bromeliifolius 10 amplexicaulis 27
ceratophylla 27
Daviesia cristata 27
cordata 26 erinacea 27
decurrens 16 incrassata 28
incrassata 26 lissocarpha 28
triflora 16 marginata 37
petiolaris 38
prostrata 28
ruscifolia 28
stenocarpa 18
52
INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Hakea Lechenaultia
sulcata 28 biloba 20
trifurcata 28 floribunda 20
undulata 29
varia 38 Lepidosperma
effusum 48
Hardenbergia longitudinale 48
comptoniana 11 tetraquetrum 49
erubescens 30
Hemiandra
pungens 18 Leucopogon
capitellatus 20
Hibbertia propinquus 30
huegelii 19 verticillatus 38
hypericoides 19
racemosa 19 Lobelia
stellaris 29 anceps 11
subvaginata 29
vaginata 19 Loxocarya
cinerea 49
Hovea
pungens 29 Macrozamia
trisperma 19 riedlei 30
Hybanthus Marianthus
calycinus 11 bicolor 11
Hypocalymma Meeboldina
angustifolium 29 cana 49
robustum 19 scariosa 49
Isolepis Melaleuca
cernua 48 cuticularis 44
hamulosa 39
Isopogon incana 39
dubius 29 lateriflora 39
sphaerocephalus 30 lateritia 31
pauciflora 31
Isotropis preissiana 44
cuneifolia 20 radula 31
rhaphiophylla 45
Jacksonia scabra 31
furcellata 38 systena 31
sericea 20 teretifolia 39
sternbergiana 38 thymoides 31
trichophylla 20
Juncus uncinata 39
kraussii 48 viminea 39
pallidus 48
pauciflorus 48 Microlaena
stipoides 50
Kennedia
coccinea 11 Mirbelia
prostrata 11 dilatata 32
Kunzea Nuytsia
ericifolia 38 floribunda 45
micrantha 30
recurva 30 Orthrosanthus
laxus 12
53
INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES
Paraserianthes Triglochin
lophantha 45 linearis 49
Patersonia Verticordia
occidentalis 12 acerosa 33
densiflora 34
Pericalymma huegelii 34
ellipticum 32 lindleyi 21
pennigera 21
Petrophile plumosa 34
biloba 32
linearis 21 Viminaria
seminuda 32 juncea 40
Philotheca Xanthorrhoea
spicata 32 gracilis 34
preissii 40
Phlebocarya
ciliata 12 Xylomelum
occidentale 45
Phyllanthus
calycinus 32
Pimelea
rosea 21
Regelia
ciliata 33
inops 33
Scaevola
calliptera 12
lanceolata 12
Schoenoplectus
validus 49
Scholtzia
involucrata 33
Sowerbaea
laxiflora 12
Stirlingia
latifolia 33
Synaphea
spinulosa 33
Taxandria
linearifolia 40
Tetraria
capillaris 49
Thysanotus
dichotomus 13
multiflorus 13
54
N A M E S
Albizia 45 Firewood Banksia 42
Angled Lobelia 11 Flooded Gum 44
Angled-stem Dampiera 10 Free-Flowering Leschenaultia 20
Australian Bluebell 9 Furrowed Hakea 28
Bacon and Eggs 16 Fuchsia Grevillea 17
Banbar 39 Glowing Wattle 22
Bare Twig-rush 46 Golden Wreath/Orange Wattle 35
Basket Flower 23 Gorada 39
Beard-heath 20 Graceful Grass Tree 34
Bitter Pea 26 Graceful Honey Myrtle 31
Blue Grass Lily 8 Granite Petrophile 32
C O M M O N
Blue Leschenaultia 20 Granny Bonnets 20
Blue Squill 9 Grass Wattle 13
Blueberry Lily 10 Grass/Two Winged Wattle 14
Blueboy 33 Grasstree 40
Bookleaf 26 Green Kangaroo Paw 8
Branching Fringed Lily 13 Grey Cottonheads 10
Broad Leaved Brown Pea 15 Grey Honey Myrtle 39
Broom Bush 39 Grey-leaved Coastal Guinea
Bull Banksia 42 Flower 29
Bullich 43 Grey Stinkwood 38
Butter Gum/Darling Range Hair Sedge 49
Ghost Gum 43 Hairy Jug-flower 14
Camphor Myrtle 24 Hairy Yellow Pea 17
Candle Banksia/Biara 41 Harsh Hakea 28
O F
Candle Hakea 28 Heart-leaf Flame 26
Cat’s Paw 8 Hedge-hog Hakea 27
Catkin Grevillea 18 Hoary Twine Rush 49
Christmas Tree 45 Holly-leaved Banksia 42
Coastal Honey Myrtle 31 Holly-leaved Mirbelia 32
I N D E X
Coast Saw-sedge 47 Honeybush 28
Common Brown Pea 15 Honeypot Dryandra 8
Common Clematis 9 Horned Leaf Hakea 27
Common Dampiera 10 Jarrah 43
Common Hovea 19 Jointed Rush 46
Common Sheoak 41 Kick Bush 14
Compacted Featherflower 34 Knotted Club-rush 47
Coral Vine 11 Lake Club Rush 49
Couch Honeypot 24 Lemon Scented Darwinia 26
Dainty Astartea 24 Lesser Bottlebrush 36
Devil's Pins 29 Little Kangaroo Paw 8
Drummond’s Wattle 13 Long-leaved Scaevola 12
Drumstick Isopogon 30 Loose Flower Rush 48
Dune Moses/Panjang 22 Low Woolly Bush 25
Dwarf Sheoak 23 Mangle’s Kangaroo Paw 8
Dwellingup Wattle 22 Manna Wattle 35
False Baeckea 24 Many Flowered Fringed Lily 13
False Boronia 32 Marble Hakea 28
Feather Speargrass 50 Marri/Red Gum 42 55
N A M E S
PHOTOGRAPHY
J. Abbiss F. Littleton
J. Garvey C. Rankin
Dr. P. Hollick V. Slater
S. Hunn A. von Puttkammer
Photographic images from the Florabase website, used with the permission of the
Western Australian Herbarium, Department of Environment and Conservation
(http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au).
L. Anderson J. Hort
P.G. Armstrong A. Ireland
B. Ball A. Johnson
R. Barrett M. Kealley
D&B. Bellairs J. Koch
A. Blundell K.A. Meney
H. Bowler D. McKenzie
M. Brundrett S.J. Patrick
N.D. Burrows M. Pieroni
C.P. Campbell E. Pin Tay
R. Cranfield P. Poschlod
R. Davis J.M. Richardson
I.R. Dixon K.C. Richardson
A. Elliott M. Seale
B.A. Fuhrer J.F. Smith
M. Hancock T. Tapper
M. Hislop K.R. Thiele
E.P. Hodgkin E. Wajon
S.D. Hopper R.T. Wills
C. Hortin
Bibliography and suggested reading
A Field Guide to Melaleucas Field Guide to the Wildflowers Perth Plants
Ivan Holliday of Australia’s South West Russell Barrett & Eng Pin Tay
Published by Hamlyn Australia Jane Scott & Patricia Negus Published by Botanic Gardens and
1989 Cape to Cape Publishing 2002 Park Authority 2005
A Guide to Native Grasses Growing Locals The Soil Types & Plant Communities
in the Perth Hills Robert Powell & Jane Emberson of the Perth Metropolitan Region
Una Bell Published by the WA Naturalists Robert Powell
Published by Una Bell 1999 Club 1996 & Bronwyn Keighery
Published by the Department
Colour Guide to Spring Wildflowers Guide to the Wildflowers
of Conservation and Land
of Western Australia of South Western Australia
Management (CALM)
Part 2 Perth and the Southwest Simon Nevill & Nathan McQuoid
Eddy Wajon Simon Nevill Publications 1998
Wajon Publishing Company 2000
Leaf & Branch
Western Australian Herbarium (1998). Trees and Tall Shrubs of Perth
Florabase Robert Powell
The Western Australian Flora Published by the Department of
Department of Environment and CALM 1990
Conservation.
http://florabase.dec.wa.gov.au
INFORMATION
Landcare SJ Dr. Penny Hollick, Botanist at the Shire of
12 Paterson St, Mundijong Serpentine Jarrahdale
Tel: 9526 0012
www.landcaresj.com.au WA Herbarium, Department of Parks and Wildlife
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