Numerical Sheet Xii

THE MASTERS’ COACHING CENTRE
IX – X – XI – XII (SCIENCE / COMMERCE – MDCAT – ECAT – BCAT

B – 48, Block – 3, Gulshan – e – Iqbal, Near Disco Bakery, Karachi. 0332 3900066
THEORY QUESTIONS FOR SEC “B”

Q 1: Establish the relation between coefficient of linear and volume expansion?
Q 2: State Kelvin and Clausius statements and prove they are equivalent?
Q 3: Explain working of transistor as an amplifier?
Q 4: With the help of diagram explain the working of GM counter?
Q 5: Derive an expression for force on a current carrying conductor placed in a

uniform magnetic field
Q 6: How can a galvanometer can be converted into ammeter and voltmeter?
Q 7: Define self and mutual induction and derive relevant expressions?
Q 8: Define Radioactivity and give equations of alpha, beta and gamma decay?
Q 9: Give special theory of relativity and explain its results?
Q 10: State Ohm’s law and give depending factors of resistance?
ADMISSION OPEN FOR MDCAT – ECAT NEW BATCHES, STARTING FROM 2ND
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
THEORY QUESTIONS FOR SEC “C”

Q 1: State 1st law of thermodynamics and explain any two process
(i) Isobaric (ii) Isochoric (iii) Isothermal (iii) Adiabatic
Q 2: Define Carnot engine and explain Carnot cycle? Prove that efficiency of any
engine cannot be 100 %
Q 3: Define capacitor and capacitance of a capacitor. Derive expression for

capacitance of capacitor both in presence of dielectric and in presence of air
as dielectric?
Q 4: State Ampere’s Circuit law and derive an expression for ‘B” for along
solenoid?
Q 5: State Faradays law of Electromagnetic Induction. With the help of diagram

give construction and working of transformer? Derive relation between
(i) emf and number of turns (ii) emf and current
Q 6: Explain the functions of various parts of Galvanometer? Also prove that

current passing through galvanometer is directly proportional to the
suspension in strip?
Q 7: Define Photoelectric effect and give Einstein’s explanation and equation.
Q 8: Upon Colliding with stationary electrons a high energy photon transfers

some of its energy and gets scattered. Explain the process and derive
expression for shift in wavelength?
Q 9: State Bohr’s atomic model. Derive expression for Radius OR Energy of nth
orbit of Hydrogen atom. Also evaluate that radii are in the ratio
of 1:4:9: 16…….
Q 10: Give construction and working of Wilson Cloud Chamber?
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CH – 11 : HEAT
TOPIC – THERMAL EXPANSION:
Q 1: A steel rod has a length of 10 m at a temperature of 25 o C. What will be the increase in length if
the temperature is raised to 35 o C? Given α = 1.1 x 10 – 5 K – 1 [Ans: 1.1 x 10 – 3 m]
Q 2: A steel rod has a length of exactly 0.2 cm at 30 o C. What will be its length at 60 o C?
α for steel = 1.1 x 10-5 C-1. [Ans: 0.20066 cm]
[2019]
Q 3: Find the change in volume of an aluminum sphere of 0.4 m radius when it is heated from 0 oC to
100 o C. α = 2.4 x 10-5 C – 1. [Ans: 0.00193 m 3]
[2006]
Q 4: Find the change in volume of brass sphere of 0.6 m diameters when it is heated from 30 oC to 100
o
C. α = 1.9 x 10 – 5 C – 1[Ans: 4.5 x 10-4 m 3]
[2008]
Q 5: A steel bar is 10 m in length at – 2.5 o C. What will be the change in its length at 25 oC? β for steel
= 3.3 x 10 – 5 K – 1 . [Ans: 3.025 x 10 – 3 m]
[2002 PE]
Q 6: A cylinder of diameter 1 cm at 30 o C is to be slide into a hole in a steel plate. The hole has a
diameter of 0.99970 cm at 30 o C. To what temperature must the plate be heated?
α = 1.1 x 10 – 5 C – 1. [Ans: 57.28 o C]
[2005]
Q 7: A brass ring of 20 cm diameter is to be mounted on a metallic rod of 20.02 cm diameter at 20 o C.
To what temperature should the ring be heated? α = 1.9 x 10 – 5 C – 1. [Ans: 72.63 oC]
Q 8: An iron ball has a diameter of 5cm and is 0.01mm too large to pass through the hole in a brass
plate when the ball and the plate are at a temperature of 30 ᵒC. At what temperature, will the
ball just pass through the hole. For iron α = 1.2 x 10 -5 C – 1 , For Brass α = 1.9 x 10 -5 C – 1
Q 9: Find the final diameter and final volume of an aluminum sphere of radius 0.25 m. When it is
heated from 0 o C to 100 oC Given α = 2.4 x 10 -5 o C – 1
TOPIC – GAS LAWS:
[1983]
Q 1: A tank containing 0.1 m 3 of nitrogen at room temperature and at a pressure of 8 x 10 6 N / m 2 are
connected through a valve to an empty tank of volume 0.4 m 3. The valve is opened and the
nitrogen is allowed to expand. After the system returns to room temperature, what is the pressure
of the tank? [Ans: 1.6 x 10 6 N/m 2]
[1991]
Q 2: One gram mole of a gas occupies a volume of 24.93 m 3 at a pressure of 500 N/m 2. Find the
temperature of the gas in centigrade. [Ans: 1226.45 oC]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[1996]
Q 3: A tank contains 20 liters of air at 30 oC and 5.01 x 10 5 N/m 2 pressure. What is the mass of air
and what volume it occupy at one atm pressure and at 0 o C? The average molecular mass of air is
28.8 g / mol. [Ans: 114.3 g, 0.089 m 3]
[2000]
Q 4: Calculate the volume occupied by a gram mole of gas at 10 oC and pressure of one atmosphere. 1
atm = 1.01 x 10 5 N/m 2. [Ans: 0.023 m 3]
[2003]
Q 5: An air storage tank whose volume is 110 lit contains 2 kg of air at a pressure of 15 atm. How
much air would have to be forced into the tank to increase the pressure to 18 atm, assuming no
change in temperature. [Ans: 0.4 kg]
[2009]
Q 6: A scientist stores 22 g of a gas in tank at 1200 atm. Overnight the tank develops slight leakage
and the pressure drops to 950 atm. Calculate the mass of the gas escaped. [Ans: 4.59 g]
Q 7: An air storage tank whose volume is 112 liters contains 3 kg of air at a pressure of 18
atmospheres. How much air would have to be forced into the tank to increase the pressure to 21
atmospheres, assuming no change in temperature? [Ans: 0.5 kg]
Q 8: Calculate volume occupied by a gram mole of a gas at 0oC& at a pressure of 1 atm.

[Ans: 0.0224 m 3]
TOPIC – SPECIFIC HEAT:
Q 1: A 50 g piece of metal is heated to 100 oC and then dropped into the copper calorimeter of mass
400 g containing 400 g of water initially at 20 o C. If the final equilibrium temperature of the
system is 22.4 oC, find specific heat of the metal. Specific heat of the copper is 386 J/ Kg oK.
[Ans: 1134.68 J/Kg oK]
[2011]
Q 2: A 200 g piece of metal is heated to 150 oC and then dropped into an aluminum calorimeter of
mass 500 g containing 500 g of water initially at 25 o C. Find the equilibrium temperature of the
system if the specific heat of metal is 128.1 J / Kg oK. Specific heat of aluminum is 903 J/Kg oK,
while specific heat of water 4200 J/kg oK [Ans: 299.24 K]
TOPIC – THERMODYNAMICS
Q 1: In a certain process 400 J of heat are supplied to a system & at same time 150 J of work are done
by the system. What is the increase in the internal energy of the system? [Ans: 250 J]
[1991]
Q 2: A cylinder contains an ideal gas below the gas in the cylinder in supplied 3000 J of heat and the
piston rises by 0.35 m while the internal energy of the gas increases by 400 J. Calculate work
done by the system. [Ans: 2600 J]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[1994][2003P.E]
Q 3: 1200 J of heat energy are supplied to the system at constant pressure. The internal energy of the
system increased by 750 J and the volume 4.5 m 3, find the work done against the piston and
pressure on the piston. [Ans: 450 J, 100 N/m 2]
[1996][2000][2002P.M][2009]
Q 4: When 2000 J of heat energy is supplied to a gas in cylinder at constant pressure of 1.01 x 10 5
N/m 2, the piston of area of cross section of 2 x 10 – 2 m 2 moves through 0.5 m calculate wok done
& the increase in the internal energy. [Ans: 1010 J, 990 J]
[2002]
Q 5: If one mole of monatomic gas is heated at constant pressure from –30 oC to 20 oC, find change in
internal energy & work done during process. [Ans: 623.5 J, 415.7 J]
Q 6: A system absorbs 1000 J of heat & delivers 600 J of work while losing 100 J of heat by
conduction to the atmosphere. Calculate change in internal energy of system. [Ans: 300 J]
Q 7: A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in which it internal energy decreases by 300 J. If at

the same time 120 J of work is done on the system, find the heat transferred to or from the
system. [Ans: - 420 J]
Q 8: There is an increase of internal energy by 400 J when 800 J of work is done by a system. What is
the amount of heat supplied during this process? [Ans: 1200 J]
TOPIC – CARNOT ENGINE:
[1987]
Q 1: The efficiency of heat engine is 50%. If the temperature of the cold reservoir is 300 K, find the
temperature of the hot reservoir. [Ans: 600 K]
[1990]
Q 2: A heat engine performs work 0.4166 watts in one hour and rejects 4500 J of heat energy to the
sink. What is the efficiency of the engine? [Ans: 25%]
[1995]
Q 3: A heat engine performs works at the rate of 500 KW. The efficiency of the engine is 30%,
calculate the loss of heat per hour. [Ans: 4.2 x 10 9 J]
[1997][2000]
Q 4: A Carnot engine whose low temperature reservoir is 7 oC has an efficiency of 40%. It is desired
to increase the efficiency to 50%. By how much degree must the temperature of high temperature
reservoir be increased? [Ans: 93.4 oC]
[1999]
Q 5: Find efficiency of a Carnot engine working between 100 oC and 50 oC [Ans: 13.4%]
[2001]
Q 6: An ideal heat engine operates in Carnot’s cycle between temperature 227 oC and 127 oC and its
absorbs 600 J of heat energy, find (i) work done per cycle (ii) efficiency of the engine.
[Ans: 20%, 120 J]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[2002]
Q 7: A heat engine performs 1000 J of work at the same time rejects 4000 J of heat energy to the cold
reservoir. What is the efficiency of the engine? If the difference of temperature b/w the sink & the
source of this engine is 75 oC, find temperature of its source. [Ans: 20%, 375 K]
[2003 P.E][2003][2004]
Q 8: The low temperature reservoir of Carnot engine is at – 3 oC and has an efficiency of 40%. It is
desired to increase the efficiency to 50%. By how many degrees should the temperature of hot
reservoir be increased? [Ans: 90 oC]
[2008]
Q 9: A Carnot engine performs 2000 J of work and rejects 4000 J of heat to the sink. If the difference
of temperature between the source and the sink is 85 oC, find the temperature of source and sink.
[Ans: 255 K, 170 K]
[2010][2015]
Q 10: A heat engine performing 400 J of work in each cycle has an efficiency of 25%. How much heat
is absorbed and rejected in each cycle? [Ans: 1600 J, 1200 J]
[2012][2016]
Q 11: A Carnot engine whose low temperature reservoir is 200 K has an efficiency of 50 %. It is desired
to increase it to 75 %. By how many degrees must temperature of low temperature reservoir be
decreased if temperature of higher reservoir remains constant? [Ans: 100 K]
[2013]
Q 12: The difference of temperature of hot and cold body is 120oC. If heat engine is 30 % efficient, find
the temperature of hot and cold body.
Q 13: A heat engine performing 200 J of work in each cycle has an efficiency of 20%. How much heat
is absorbed and rejected (expelled) in each cycle? [Ans: 1600 J, 1200 J]
CH – 12 : ELECTROSTATICS
TOPIC – COULOMB’S LAW:
1) A point charge A of + 4 x 10 – 6 C is placed on a line between two charges B of + 8 x 10 – 6 C &C
of – 9 x 10 – 6 C. The charge A is 4 m from B and 10 m from C. What is the force on A?
[Ans: 21.24 x 10 – 3 N towards C]
2) Two point charges + 1 x 10 – 4 C and – 1 x 10 – 4 C are placed at a distance of 40 cm from each
other. A charge of +6 x 10 – 5 C is placed midway between them. What is the magnitude and
direction of force on it? [Ans: 2700 N towards negative charge]
3) The distance between the electron and the proton of hydrogen atom is about 5.3 x 10 – 11 m.
Compare the electric and gravitational forces between these two particles. [Ans: 2.2 x 10 39]
4) Two unequal point charges repel each other with a force of 0.2 N when they are 10 cm apart. Find
the force which exerts on the other when they are (a) 1 cm apart (b) 5 cm apart.
[Ans: 20 N, 0.8 N]
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[2006][2010][2015]
5) How many electrons should be removed from each of the two similar spheres each of 10 g so that
electrostatic repulsion is balanced by gravitational force. [Ans: 5.4 x 106 electrons]
[2007]
6) How many excess electrons must be placed on each of the two small spheres placed 3 cm apart if
the force of repulsion between the spheres is 10– 19. [Ans: 625 electrons]
Q If 1.07 x 10 6 electrons are removed from each of the two similar spheres. Find the mass of two
sphere if electrostatic force is balanced by gravitational force?
[2012]
7) Two point charges + 2 x 10 – 4 C and – 2 x 10 – 4 C are placed at a distance of 40 cm from each
other. A charge of + 5 x 10 – 5 C is placed midway between them. What is the magnitude and
direction of force on it? [Ans: 4.5 x 10 3 N]
TOPIC – ELECTIC INTENSITY:
1) Two charges of +2x10-7C and -5x10-7C are placed at a distance of 50 cm from each other. Find a
point on the line joining the charges which electric field is zero.[Ans: 86 cm away from +ve
charge.]
2) Charges each of + 3 µC are placed at the three corners of a square whose diagonal is 6 cm long.
Find the field intensity at the point of intersection of diagonal. [ Ans: 3 x 10 7 N/C]
3) Find the electric intensity midway between the charges + 1.67 x 10 – 7 C and – 1.67 x 10 – 7 C
separated by a distance of 60 cm. [Ans: 3.33 x 10 4 N/C]
4) Find the magnitude and direction of the electric field that will counter balance the gravitational
force on a proton. [ 1.02 x 10 – 7 N/C]
TOPIC – SURFACE CHARGE DENSITY OF PLATE:
[1996][2015]
1) A thin sheet of positive charge attracts a light charged sphere having a charge – 5x10– 4C with a
force of 1.695N. Calculate the surface density of the charge. [Ans: 6 x 10– 6C/m2]
[1998]
2) Calculate the force of repulsion on 2x10– 8 C charge if it is placed before a large vertical charged
plate whose charge density is 20x10– 4 C/m2. [Ans: 2.25N]
[2000]
3) A charge particle of 17.7 𝜇C is placed close to a +ve charged thin sheet having charge density
2x10– 6 C/m2. Find magnitude &direction of force acting on charged particle.o = 8.85x10–
12 2
C /Nm2). [Ans: 2N away]
[2002]
4) A small sphere of weight 5x10-3N is suspended by a silk thread 50mm long which is attached to a
point on a large charged insulating plate. When a charge of 6x10– 8C is placed on the ball the
thread makes an angle of 30o with vertical. What’s the charge density on plane?
[ANS: 8.5 x 10– 7 c/m2]
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TOPIC – ELECTIC POTENTIAL:

[1985]
1) Find the velocity acquired by an electron in falling through a potential difference of 2000 Volts.
[Ans: 8.4 x 10 7 m/sec]
2) An electron is situated midway between two parallel plates 0.5 cm apart. One of the plate is
maintained at a potential of 60 Volts above the other. What is the force on electron?
[Ans: 1.92 x 10 – 15 N]
3) What is the intensity of an electric field which will just support a water droplet having a mass of
10– 5gram and a charge of 1x10-7 µ C? [Ans: 9.7x105 N/C]
[1990]
4) An oil drop having a mass of 0.002 milligram and charge equal to 6 electrons’ charge is
suspended stationary in a uniform electric field. Find the intensity. [Ans: 2.04x1010 N/C]
[1991]
5) Calculate the potential difference between the two plates when they are separated by a distance of
0.005m and are able to hold an electron motionless between them. [Ans: 2.78x10-13Volt]
[1994]
6) Two horizontal parallel metallic plates, separated by a distance of 0.5cmare connected with a
battery of 10 volts. Find electric intensity between the plates and force on a proton placed
between the plates. [Ans: 2000 V/m, 3.2x10-16N]
[2002P.E][2009][2016]
7) A proton of mass 1.67x10-27kg and charge 1.6x10-19C is to be holding motionless between the two
horizontal parallel plates 10cm apart. Find the voltage required. [Ans: 1.02x10-8V]
[2003P.M]
8) A particle carrying a charge of 10-5C starts from rest in a uniform electric field of intensity 50
Volt/meter. Find the force on the particle and the K.E it acquires when it has moved 1m. [Ans:
5x10-4N, 5x10-4J]
[2011][2017]
9) A proton of mass 1.67x10-27kg and charge 1.6x10-19C is to be holding motionless between the two
horizontal parallel plates. Find the distance between the plates when the potential difference of 6
x 10 – 9 V is applied across the plates. [Ans: 5.88 x 10 – 2-m]
TOPIC – CAPACITOR:
1) The parallel plates of an air filled capacitor are 1.0 mm apart. What must the plate area be if the
capacitance is 1 farad? [Ans: 1.1 x 10 8 m 2]
[2001]
2) A parallel plate capacitor has the plates 10 cm x 10 cm separated by distance 2.5 cm. it is initially
filled with air. What will be the increase in its capacitance if a dielectric slab of the same area and
thickness 2.5 cm is placed between the two plates? (ϵr = 2 and ϵo = 8.85 x 10-12 C 2/ Nm 2) [ANS:
3.54 x 10-12 F]
3) A parallel plate capacitor has plates 30 cm x 30 cm separated by a distance of 2 cm by how much

the capacitance changes if a dielectric slab of the same area but of thickness 1.5 cm is slipped b/w
the plates. The dielectric constant of material is 2. [ANS: increased by 2.39 x 10-11 F]
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4) Two capacitors of 3 µF and 6 µF capacitance are connected in series across a 90 Volt d.c supply.
Calculate the charge and P.D across each capacitor. [Ans: q1 = q2 = 180 µC, 60 V, 30 V]
5) Two capacitors of 2 µF & 8 µF are joined in series and a potential difference of 300 V is applied.
Find charge& the P.D for each capacitor. [Ans: Q 1 = Q 2= 480 µC, V1 = 240 V and V2 = 60 V]
[1995][1999][2019]
6) Two capacitors of 2 µF & 8 µF capacitance are connected in series and a P.D of 200 V is applied.
Find the charge & the potential difference for each capacitor. [Ans: Q 1 = Q 2= 320 µC, V1 = 160
V and V2 =40 V]
[1986]
7) Two capacitors of 3 µF and 6 µF capacitance are connected in series and a potential difference of
1000 V is applied. Find the equivalent capacitance, charge on the combination and the P.D for
each capacitor. [Ans: Q 1 = Q 2= 2000 µC, V1 = 666.67 V, V2 = 333.33 V and C = 2 µF]
8) A capacitor of 10 µF and one of 20 µF capacitances are connected in across batteries of 600 V

and 1000 V respectively and then disconnected. They are then joined in parallel. What is the
charge on each capacitor? [Ans: 8.66 x 10-3 C, 17.32 x 10-3 C]
[1995]
9) Two capacitors of 4 µF and 6 µF capacitance are charged to potential difference 300 V and 400 V
respectively. They are connected in parallel. What will be the resultant potential difference and
charge on each capacitor? (Ans: 360 V, 1.44 x 10-3 C, 2.16 x 10-3 C)
10) A capacitor of 100 pF is charged to a potential difference of 50 V. If plates are then connected in
parallel to another capacitor and it is found that the potential difference between its plates falls to
35 V. What is the capacitance of second capacitor? [Ans: 42.85 pF]
[1997]
11) A capacitance of 200 µF is charged to a potential difference of 100 V. If plates are connected in
parallel to another capacitor and are found that the potential difference b/w plates falls to 60 V.
What is the capacitance of the second capacitor? [Ans: 133.33 pF]
[2008]
12) A capacitor of 12 µF is charged to a potential difference of 100 V. If plates are connected in
parallel to another capacitor & are found that the potential difference between the plates are falls
to 60 V. What is the capacitance of the 2nd capacitor? [Ans: 8 µF]
CH – 13 : ELECTRICITY
TOPIC – ELECTIC CURRENT:
1) A current of 2.4 ampere is flowing in a wire. How many electrons pass a given point in the wire
in one second if the charge on an electron is 1.6 x 10-19C. [ANS: 1.5 x 1019 electrons]
2) A current of 1.6 ampere is drawn from a battery for 10 minutes. How much charge flows through
the circuit in this time? Find also number of electrons flowing during this time.
[ANS: 6 x 1021 electrons]
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3) Certain battery is rated at 80 ampere hour. How many coulombs of charge can this battery
supply? [ANS: 2.88 x 105 C]
4) A wire carries a current of 1A. How many electrons pass a point in the wire an each second?
[ANS: 6.3 x 1018 electrons]
TOPIC – RESISTANCE:
[2016]
1) Find the resistance at 50 oC of a copper wire 2 mm in diameter and 3 m long.
Given ρ = 1.6 x 10-8 Ωm and α = 0.0039 o C -1. [Ans: 0.0184 Ω]
2) A resistor is made by winding on a spool at 40 m length of constantan wire of diameter 0.8 mm.
Calculate the resistance of wire at 0 oC and 50 o C. Given ρ = 49 x 10-8 Ωm and α = 0.00001 oC – 1.
[Ans: 39.01Ω, 39.03 Ω]
3) A silver wire 2 m long is to have a resistance of 0.5 Ω what should its diameter? ρ = 1.52 x 10-8
Ωm. [Ans: 2.78 x 10-4 m]
4) A 40 Ω is to be wound from platinum wire 0.1 mm in diameter. How much wire is needed?
ρ = 11 x 10-8 Ωm [Ans: 2.85 m]
[2006]
5) A 50 Ω resistor is required from a copper wire, 0.1 mm in diameter. What is the length of the
wire needed? ρ = 11 x 10-8 Ωm [Ans: 3.6 m]
[2003 P.E][2015]
6) A 50 Ω resistor is to be wound with platinum wire, 0.1 mm in diameter. How much wire is
needed? ρ = 11 x 10-8 Ωm [Ans: 3.57 m]
[1995]
7) A platinum wire of diameter 0.2 mm is wound to make a resistor of 40 Ω. How wire is needed for
this purpose? ρ = 11 x 10– 8 Ωm [Ans: 11.4 m]
[2002 P.E]
8) The resistance of a tungsten wire used in the filament of 60 W bulbs is 240 Ω when the bulb is
hot at a temperature of 2020 oC what would you estimate its resistance at 20 o C. α = 0.0046 o C-1.
[Ans: 25.4 Ω]
[1996]
9) The resistance of a copper wire is 1.27 Ω at 20 o C. Find the resistance at 100 o C. The temperature
co efficient of resistivity of copper is 0.0039 oC-1. [Ans: 1.61 Ω]
[2008]
10) A rectangular block of iron has the dimensions 1.2 cm x 1.2 cm x 15 cm. what is the resistance of
the opposing square ends? What is resistance between two of the rectangular faces? ρ = 9.6 x 10-8
Ωm [Ans: 6.4 x 10-7 Ω, 1 x 10-4 Ω]
[2009]
11) A resistor is made by using a 50 meter nichrome wire of diameter 0.8 mm at 0 o C. Calculate its
resistance at 50 o C. (Given: ρ = 1.1 x 10-6 Ωm & α = 0.0002 oC-1 at 0 oC) [Ans: 110.65 Ω]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[2011][2019]
12) A rectangular bar of iron is 2 cm x 2 cm in cross section and 20 cm long. What is the resistance of
the bar at 500oC if ρ = 11 x 10– 8 Ωm & α = 0.0052K-1[Ans: 1.98 x 10 – 4 Ω]
13) A rectangular bar of iron is 2 cm x 2 cm in cross section and 40 cm long. What is the resistance of
the bar if ρ = 1.1 x 10– 7. Also Find its resistance at 500 oC? α = 0.0052K-1 [Ans: 1.1 x 10 – 4 Ω]
[2010]
3) A water heater that will be deliver 1 kg of water per minute is required. The water is supplied at
20 oC and output temperature of 80oC is desired. What is resistance of the heating element in the
water if the line voltage is 220 V? [ANS: 11.5 ohm]
TOPIC – SERIES & PARALLEL CIRCUIT:
[2000][2012]
1) You are given three resistors each of 2 ohms. How would you arrange these resistors to obtain an
equivalent resistance of (a) 1.33 Ohms (b) 3 ohms? (c) 6 ohms. Also prove the result
mathematically.
TOPIC – ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE:
[2002P.M]
8) A battery of 24 V is connected to a 10 ohm load and a current of 2.2 ampere is drawn. Find the
internal resistance of the battery and its terminal voltage. [ANS: 0.9 ohm, 22 V]
9) A current of 5 A through a battery is maintained for 30 sec and in this time 600 joule of chemical
energy is transformed into electric energy. (a) What is the e.m.f of the battery? (b) How much
electric power is available for heating and other uses? [ANS: 4V, 20 W]
10) A source of what potential difference is needed to charge a battery of 20 V e.m.f and internal
resistance of 0.1 ohm at the rate of 70 Ampere. [ANS: 27 V]
CH – 14 : ELECTROMAGNETISM
TOPIC – FORCE ON A CHARGE:
1) A proton enters a uniform magnetic field of induction B = 0.3 Tesla in a direction making an
angle of 45 o with the direction of field. What will be the magnitude of force if the velocity of
proton is 104 m/sec? [Ans: 3.4 10 -16 N]
TOPIC – AMPERE’S CIRCUIT LAW:
[1988]
1) A solenoid of diameter 5 cm is 25 cm long and has 250 turns. If the current flowing in it is 5 A.
Find B in the solenoid. [Ans: 6.3 x 10 -3 Weber / m 2]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[1983]
2) Determine the value of “B” 2 m above a straight wire carrying a current of 15 A. Inside a long
solenoid having 40 turns / cm of its length and carrying a current a current of 3 A. [Ans: 1.5 x 10 -
6
Weber / m 2, 1.5 x 10 – 2 Weber / m 2]
[1985]
3) A toroidal coil has 300 turns and mean radium 12 cm. Calculate the magnetic field of induction
inside the coil when a current of 5 A passes through it. [Ans: 2.5 x 10 - 3 Weber / m 2]
[1990][2010][2012]
4) Find the current required to produce a field of induction B = 2.512 x 10 -3 Weber/m 2 in a 50 cm
long solenoid having 4000 turns of wire. [Ans: 0.25 Ampere]
[1992][1994]
5) A solenoid 25 cm long has a cross section of 5 square cm with 250 numbers of turns on it. If a
current of 5 Amperes is passed through it. Find B in it.[Ans: 6.28 x 10 – 3 Weber/m 2]
[1998]
6) A solenoid 20 cm long has three layers of winding of 300 turns each. If a current of 3 A is passed
through it. Find the value of magnetic field of induction B. Given µ = 4π x 10 – 7 Weber/ ampere –
m. [Ans: 1.7 x 10 -2 Weber / m 2]
[1998][2002 P.M]
7) A long solenoid is wound with 10 turns per cm and carries a current of 10 Ampere. Find the
magnetic flux density within it. [Ans: 1.25 x 10 - 2 Weber/m 2]
[2006]
8) A long solenoid is wound with 35 turns in 10 cm and carries a current of 10 Amperes. Find the
magnetic field in it. [Ans: 4.4 x 10 -3 Weber / m 2]
9) A current of 6 A produces a field of 4 x 10 – 4 T inside a toroid having 400 turns. Find radius of
toroid?
TOPIC – SELF & MUTUAL INDUCTION:
[1993]
1) A coil having an area cross section 0.05 m 2 and a number of turns 100 is placed perpendicular to
the magnetic field of induction 0.08 Weber / m 2. How much emf will be induced in it if the field
is reduced to 0.02 in 0.01 sec? [Ans: 30 V]
[2001]
2) What will be the mutual inductance when the change of a current of 3 A in one coil produced the
change of flux 6 x 10 – 4 Weber in the second coil having 2000 turns? [Ans: 0.4 Henry]
[2002][2015]
3) An emf of 45 mV is induced in a coil of 500 turns when the current in a neighboring coil changes
from 10 A to 14 A in 0.2 sec. What is the mutual inductance of the coil? What is the rate of
change of flux in the second coil? [Ans: 2.25 m H, 9 x 10 – 7 Weber/sec]
[2004]
4) The current in a coil of 500 turns is changing from zero to 5.43 Amperes. Thereby producing a
magnetic flux of 8.52 x 10 - 4 Weber. What is the self - inductance of the coil? [Ans: 78.4 mH]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[2003]
5) The current in a coil of 325 turns is change from zero to 6.32 Ampere. There by producing a flux
8.46 x 10 – 4 Weber. What is the self - inductance of the coil? [Ans: 43.5 mH]
[2016]
6) An iron core solenoid with 400 turns has a cross section area of 4 cm 2. A current of 2 A passing
through it produces B = 0.5 Weber / m 2. How large an emf is induced if the current is turned off
in 0.1 sec. What is the self - inductance of the solenoid? [Ans: 0.8 V, 40 mH]
[2009]
7) A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual induction of 850 mH. If the current in the primary coil
changes from 0 to 20 Ampere in 0.1 sec. What is the change in the magnetic flux in the secondary
coil of 800 turns? [Ans: 0.02125 Weber]
8) What is the mutual inductance of a pair of coils if a current change of 6 Ampere in one coil
causes the flux in the second coil of 2000 turns to change by 12 x
10 -4Web? [Ans: 400 mH]
TOPIC – TRANSFORMER:
[1992][1999]
2) A transformer has 1000 turns in the primary coil. If the input voltage of the transformer is 200
volts, what should be the number of turns in the secondary coil to obtain an output of 6 V? [ 30
turns]
5) A step down transformer at the end of the transmission line reduces the voltage from 2400 volts
to 1200 volts. The power output is 9 K.W and overall efficiency of the transformer is 95 %. The
primary winding has 400 turns. How many turns have the secondary coil? What is the power
input? What is the current in each of the coils? [Ans: 200, 9473 W, 3.9 Ampere, 7.5 Ampere]
[2005]
6) A step down transformer having 4000 turns in primary is used to convert 4400 volts to 220 volts.
The efficiency of transformer is 90 % and 9 K.W output is required. Determine the input power,
the number of turns in secondary coil & the current in the primary & secondary coils. [Ans: 10
K.W, 200 turns, 2.272 A, 40.9 A]
[2008]
8) A step down transformer reduces 1100 V to 220 V. The power output is 12.5 K.W and the overall
efficiency of the transformer is 90 %. The primary winding has 1000 turns. How many turns have
the secondary coil? What is the power input? What is the current in each coil? [Ans: 200 turns,
13888.8 W, 12.62 A, 56.81 A]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
CH – 15 : ELECTRIC INSTRUMENTS
TOPIC – AMMETER & VOLTMETER:
[1984]
1) A galvanometer has a resistance of 50 Ohm gives full deflection for a current of 0.02 A. What
changes should you make to use it as a voltmeter reading 20 volts full scale? [Ans: 950 Ohm]
[1987]
2) The resistance of a moving coil galvanometer is 50 ohm and it deflects full scale with a current of
0.002 Ampere. What should be the resistance of the shunt used to convert it into an ammeter
reading up to 5 Ampere? [Ans: 0.02 Ohm]
[1989]
3) Name the device that can modify a galvanometer to measure large currents? A Galvanometer of
resistance 20 ohm gives full deflection with a current of 0.005 Ampere. How will you convert it
to measuring 1 A? What will be the resistance of the instrument thus converted? [Ans: 0.1 Ohm]
[1995]
4) A Galvanometer of resistance 60 Ohm gives full deflection with a current of 4 mA. A resistance
of 10940 Ohm is connected in series with a coil to convert it into voltmeter. Find the range of
voltmeter obtained. [Ans: 44 Volts]
Q A galvanometer of resistance 50 Ω gives full scale deflection with a current of 5 mA resistance of

0.1 M Ω is connected in series to convert it into volt meter. Find the range of voltmeter obtained
[2012]
5) A galvanometer of resistance 50 ohm gives full scale deflection with a current of 10 mA. A shunt
of 0.05 ohm is connected in parallel to convert it into an ammeter. Find the range of the ammeter.
[Ans: 10 Ampere]
[1997][2000]
5) A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance of 50 ohm and it gives a full deflection for potential
difference of 100 mV. If the galvanometer is to be converted into voltmeter reading up to 50
Volts, what should be the resistance of series resistor? [Ans: 2.495 x 10 4 Ohm]
[2002 P.E]
6) The coil of a galvanometer having a resistance of 50 Ω and a current of 500 mA produces a full
deflection in it. Compute (a) The shunt required to convert it into an ammeter of 5 A range.
(b) Series resistance required to convert into voltmeter of 300 V range. [Ans: 0.005 Ω, 599950 Ω]
[2003 P.E]
7) A 300 V voltmeter has a total resistance of 20 Kilo ohm. What additional is required to convert it
into a voltmeter, reading up to maximum 600 V? [Ans: 20000 Ohm]
[2003 P.M][2006]
8) An ammeter deflects full – scale with a current of 5 Amperes and has a total resistance of
0.5 Ohm. What shunt resistance must be connected to it to measure full scale current up to
30 Amperes? [Ans: 0.1 Ohm]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
[2004][2013]
9) A 250 volt voltmeter has a total resistance of 20,000 Ohm. What additional series resistance must
be connected to it to increase its range to 400 volts? [Ans: 12,000 Ohm]
[2005]
10) A 50 mA current can be allowed to flow through a 19.8 Ohm coil of a galvanometer. If it to be
used to measure 5 A. Calculate the length of a copper wire to be used as a shunt. The diameter of
wire is 4 mm. The specific resistance of copper is 1.6 x 10 -8 Ohm-meter. [Ans: 157. 08 m]
[2008]
11) A galvanometer has resistance of 100 Ω. A difference of potential of 50 mV gives full deflection.
Calculate the shunt resistance to read from 0 – 5 A. What is the value of the series resistance if
galvanometer is converted into a voltmeter to read up to 250 V? [Ans: 0.01 Ohm, 499900 Ohm]
[2010][2014]
12) A galvanometer whose resistance is 50 Ohm deflects full scale for P.D 100 mA across its
terminals. How can it be converted into a voltmeter of 50 V range?
13) A galvanometer has a resistance of 50 Ohms and it deflects full scale when a current of 10 mA
flows in it. How can it be converted into an ammeter of range 10 A? [Ans: By connecting shunt
of 0.05]
[2015]
14) A galvanometer whose resistance is 40  deflects full scale for P.D of 100 mV across its
terminals. How can it be converted into an ammeter of 5 A range? [Ans: By connecting shunt of
0.02 ]
15) A galvanometer of resistance 2.5  deflects full scale for a current of 0.05 A. It is desired to
convert this galvanometer into an ammeter reading 25 A full scale. The only shunt available is of
0.03 . What resistance must be included in series with the galvanometer for using this
shunt?[Ans: 12.47 ]
16) An ammeter deflects full – scale with a current of 5 Amperes and has a total resistance of
0.5 Ohm. What shunt resistance must be connected to it to measure full scale current up to
25 Amperes? [Ans: 0.125 Ohm]
17) A 300 V voltmeter has a total resistance of 20,000 ohm. What additional series resistance must be
connected to it to increase its range to 500 V? [Ans: 13333 Ohm]
MOST IMPORTANT
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MODEL PAPER
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
CH – 17 : MODERN PHYSICS
1. An electron has a rest mass of 9.1 x 10 – 31 kg when it is at rest relative to an observer. What will
be its mass when it is moving at speed one half the speed of light? [Ans: 10.5 x 10 – 31 kg]
2. The length of a measuring rod is 1 m when it is at rest. What will its length be if it is moving with
a velocity one third of the speed of light? [Ans: 0.943 m]
3. If the average life time of a particle before it decays is 2 x 10 – 6 sec. What will be its average life
c
time if it is moving with respect to an observer at speed2? [Ans: 2.3 x 10 – 6]
4. Find the mass associated with the energy of a mass of 10 kg moving with a speed of 100 m/sec.
[Ans: 5.5 x 10 -13 kg]
5. In the inertial frame of a pendulum the time period is measured to be 3 sec. What will be the
period of pendulum for an observer moving at a speed of 0.95c with respect to the pendulum?
[Ans: 9.6 sec]
6. What will be the length of the bar in the stationary frame if its length along the x – direction is 1
m & the motion is with velocity 0.75 C with respect to the observer at rest?[Ans: 0.66 m]
[2002 P.E][2012]
7. Given moC2 = 0.511 MeV. Find the total energy E and the kinetic energy K of an electron moving
with a speed v = 0.85 C. [Ans: 0.97 MeV, 0.459 MeV]
8. The total energy of proton of mass 1.67 x 10 – 27 kg is three times its rest energy. Find its
(a) Protons rest mass Energy (b) Speed of the proton (c) K.E of proton in eV
[Ans: 939 MeV, 2.82 x 10 5 m/sec and 1878 MeV]
9. A particle of rest mass mo has a speed 0.8 C. Find its relativistic momentum, its kinetic energy
4 2 5
and total energy. [Ans: 3 mo c, 3 mo c 2and 3 mo c 2]
10. What will be the velocity and momentum of particle whose rest mass is mo and whose kinetic
√3
energy is equal to its rest mass energy? [Ans: C, √3 mo c]
2
[2011][2015][2019]
11. What will be the velocity and momentum of particle whose rest mass is mo and whose kinetic
2√2
energy is equal to twice of its rest mass energy? [Ans: 3
C, 2√2 mo c]
[2002 P.M][2008]
√3
12. Find the speed at which mass of the particle will be doubled. [Ans: 2
C]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
Q What will be the relativistic speed and momentum of the particle if relativistic mass of the
particle will be doubled than the rest mass?
[1991]
13. A 50 m trailer is moving with relativistic speed. It passes over a bridge of length 40 m. To an
observer at rest with respect to the bridge at one instant the trailer seems to overlap the bridge.
3
Find the speed of the trailer. [Ans: 5C]
TOPIC – PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT:
1. Compare the energy of x ray of photon of wave length 2 x 10 – 10 m with the energy of 2 μm
infrared photon. [Ans: 10 4]
[1987]
2. Find the cutoff wavelength for a given metal whose work function is 4.14 eV. [Ans: 3000 Ao]
[1989]
3. The work function of a certain metal is 3 eV. When this metal is illuminated by the infrared light
of 1.2 x 10 15 Hz. Find the maximum K.E of the emitted photoelectrons. [Ans: 1.97 eV]
[1992]
4. A work function of a photo emissive surface is 4 eV. What will be the velocity of the fastest
photoelectrons emitted from it by an incident light of frequency 3 x 10 15 Hz? [Ans: 1.72 x 10 6
m/sec]
[1994]
5. A work function of a metal is 2 eV. The light of wave length 3000 Ao is made to fall on it. Find
the K.E of the fastest emitted photoelectrons. [Ans: 2.14 eV]
[1998]
6. The range of visible light is 4000 Ao to 7000 Ao. Will photo electrons be emitted by a copper
surface of work function 4.4 eV, when illuminated by visible light? Give mathematical proof of
your answer.
[2001]
7. When the light of wave length 4000 Ao falls on a metal surface stopping potential is 0.6 volt, find
the value of the work function of the metal. [Ans: 2.5 eV]
[2003 P.E][2003 P.M][2009][2012][2016]

8. Sodium surface is shined with the light of wave length 3 x 10 – 7 m, if the work functions of Na is
2.46 eV, find the K.E of the photoelectrons and also the cutoff wavelength.
[Ans: 1.68 eV, 5.05 x 10 – 7 m]
9. What will be the work function of a substance for the threshold frequency of 43.9 x 10 13 Hz?
[Ans: 1.82 eV]
MOST IMPORTANT
INCLUDED IN COURSE
JUST FOR MCQS
MODEL PAPER
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
TOPIC – COMPTON’S EFFECT:
[2001][2018]
1) In a Compton scattering process, the fractional change in wave length of x – rays photons is 1 %
at an angle of 120 o. Find the wave length of X – rays used in the experiment.
[Ans: 3.6 x 10 -10 m]
2) X rays are scattered from a target material. The scattered radiations are viewed at an angle of 90 o
with respect to the incident beam. Find the shift in wave length.[Ans: 2.42 x 10 – 12 m]
3) X rays of wave length λ o are scattered from a carbon block at an angle of 45 o with respect to the
incident beam. Find the shift in wave length. [Ans: 7.11 x 10 – 13 m]
TOPIC – PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT:
1. Find the frequency of a photon when an electron of 20 KeV is brought to rest in a collision with a
heavy nucleus. [Ans: 4.8 x 10 18 Hz]
2. What minimum energy photon can be used to observe an object of size 2.5 x 10 – 10 m
[Ans: 4.96 x 10 3eV]
3. Pair annihilating occurred due to a head on collision of an electron and a positron producing 2.5
MeV photon move in opposite direction. What will be the K.E of the electron and positron before
the collision? [Ans: 1.99 MeV]
4. A photon of wave length 0.004 Ao in the vicinity of a heavy nucleus produces an electron positron
pair. Find the K.E of each particle if the K.E of positron is twice that of the electron. [Ans: 0.692
MeV, 1.384 MeV]
CH – 18 : THE ATOMIC SPECTRA

1. An electron in the hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n =2 energy state to the ground
state (corresponding to n = 1). Find wavelength & frequency of the emitted photon.
[Ans: 1.215 x 10 – 7 m] and 2.47 x 10 15 Hz]
2. Calculate the binding energy of the hydrogen atom. (the energy binding the electron to the
nucleus) [Ans: - 13.6 eV]
[2010][2015]
3. Find the shortest wave length of photon emitted in the Balmer series and determines its energy in
eV. [Ans: 364.6 nm, 3.41 eV]
[1995][2002 P.M][2018]
4. What is the longest wavelength of light capable of ionizing hydrogen atom? What energy in
electron volt is needed to ionize it? [Ans: 91.2 nm, 13.6 eV]
[2000]
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
5. What is the wave lengths of the radiation that is emitted when hydrogen atom undergoes a
transition from the state n = 3 to n = 2. [Ans: 656.3 nm]
[2000]
6. What is the wave lengths of the radiation that is emitted when hydrogen atom undergoes a
transition from the state n = 3 to n = 1. [Ans: 103 nm]
[1993]
7. The energy of the lowest level of hydrogen atom is – 13.6 eV. Calculate the energy of the emitted
photons in transition from n = 4 to n = 2. [Ans: 2.55 eV]
[2012]
8. Calculate the longest and the shortest wave length of emitted photons in hydrogen spectra in
Balmer series where Rh= 1.097 x 10 7 m – 1. [Ans: 364.6 nm, 656.2 nm]
[2011]
9. Calculate the energy of the longest wave length radiation emitted in Paschen series in hydrogen
atom spectra. [Ans: 0.66 eV]
[2003]
10. An electron in the hydrogen atom makes a transition from the n = 2 energy state to the ground
state. Find the wave length in the ultraviolet region. [Ans: 121.5 nm]
[2005]
11. In the hydrogen atom an electron experiences a transition from the state whose binding energy is
0.54 eV to another state whose excitation energy is 10.2 eV
(a) What is the quantum number for these states?
(b) Compute the wave length of the emitted photon.
(c) To what series does this line belong? [Ans: 5, 2,434 nm, Balmer]
12. Light of wave length 486.3 nm is emitted by a hydrogen atom in Balmer series. What transition
of the hydrogen atom is responsible for this radiation? [Ans: 4]
[2002P.E][2013]
13. A photon of 12.1 eV absorbed by a hydrogen atom originally in the ground state raises the atom
to an excited state. What is the quantum number of this state? [Ans: 3]
[1990]
14. A blood corpuscle has a diameter 9 x 10 – 6 m, in which excited orbit should a hydrogen atom be
such that it is just as big as blood corpuscles? [Ans: 291]
[1997]
15. The energy of an electron in an excited hydrogen atom is – 3.4 eV. Calculate the angular
momentum of the electron according to Bohr’s theory. [Ans: 2.1 x 10 – 34 Js]
16. In an excitation potential of hydrogen are found to 10.21 V and 12.1 V. Three different spectral
lines are emitted. Find their wave lengths. [Ans: 102.55 nm, 121.54 nm, 65.92 nm]
17. Find the wave length of the first three lines of the Lyman series of hydrogen.
[Ans: 121.5 nm, 102.5 nm, 97.2 nm]
[2016]
18. Calculate the longest and the shortest wave length of emitted photons in hydrogen spectra in
P-fund series.
19) An electron makes transition from 5th to 3rd orbit. Find wavelength, frequency and wave number?
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
CH – 19 : THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS

1. When the chlorine atom of mass number 35 and charge number 17 is bombarded by proton, the
resulting atom disintegrates, emitting an alpha particle. Write the equation representing the
reaction.
2. The atomic weight of Bromine is 79.938 U and it is composed of two isotopes of mass 78.943 U
and 80.942 U. Compute the percentage of each isotopes. [Ans: 52.2 %, 49.8 %]
[2006][2018]
3. The half life of 104 Po 210 is 140 days. By what percent does its activity will decrease per week?
[Ans: 3.46%]
[2009][2013][2016]
4. If the number of atom per gram of 88 Ra 226 is 2.666 x 10 21 & its decay with a life of 1622 years.
Find the decay constant & the activity of the sample. [Ans: 1.355 x 10-11 S-1, 3.612 x 1010
disintegration / S]
5. The half life of Radon is 3.8 days, what would be its decay constant. [Ans: 2.1 x 10-6 S-1]
BEST OF LUCK
REGARDS SIR DANISH AHMED
MOST IMPORTANT
INCLUDED IN COURSE
JUST FOR MCQS
MODEL PAPER
GULSHAN CAMPUS
THE MASTERS’
COACHING CENTRE
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066
AUGUST, 2021. CONTACT: 0332 3900066

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THE MASTERS’ COACHING CENTRE

IX – X – XI – XII (SCIENCE / COMMERCE – MDCAT – ECAT – BCAT

THEORY QUESTIONS FOR SEC “B”

Q 3: Explain working of transistor as an amplifier?

Q 4: With the help of diagram explain the working of GM counter?

Q 5: Derive an expression for force on a current carrying conductor placed in a

Q 6: How can a galvanometer can be converted into ammeter and voltmeter?

Q 7: Define self and mutual induction and derive relevant expressions?

Q 9: Give special theory of relativity and explain its results?

Q 10: State Ohm’s law and give depending factors of resistance?

THEORY QUESTIONS FOR SEC “C”

Q 3: Define capacitor and capacitance of a capacitor. Derive expression for

Q 5: State Faradays law of Electromagnetic Induction. With the help of diagram

Q 6: Explain the functions of various parts of Galvanometer? Also prove that

Q 7: Define Photoelectric effect and give Einstein’s explanation and equation.

Q 8: Upon Colliding with stationary electrons a high energy photon transfers

Q 10: Give construction and working of Wilson Cloud Chamber?

TOPIC – GAS LAWS:

Q 8: Calculate volume occupied by a gram mole of a gas at 0oC& at a pressure of 1 atm.

TOPIC – SPECIFIC HEAT:

Q 7: A thermodynamic system undergoes a process in which it internal energy decreases by 300 J. If at

TOPIC – CARNOT ENGINE:

TOPIC – ELECTIC INTENSITY:

TOPIC – SURFACE CHARGE DENSITY OF PLATE:

TOPIC – ELECTIC POTENTIAL:

3) A parallel plate capacitor has plates 30 cm x 30 cm separated by a distance of 2 cm by how much

8) A capacitor of 10 µF and one of 20 µF capacitances are connected in across batteries of 600 V

TOPIC – SERIES & PARALLEL CIRCUIT:

TOPIC – ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE:

TOPIC – AMPERE’S CIRCUIT LAW:

TOPIC – SELF & MUTUAL INDUCTION:

Q A galvanometer of resistance 50 Ω gives full scale deflection with a current of 5 mA resistance of

TOPIC – PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT:

[2003 P.E][2003 P.M][2009][2012][2016]

TOPIC – COMPTON’S EFFECT:

TOPIC – PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT:

CH – 18 : THE ATOMIC SPECTRA

CH – 19 : THE ATOMIC NUCLEUS

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