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SPECIFICATION EBS1 EPFA76 EBPI SPPA 1001 D01

EXTERNAL CATHODIC PROTECTION

SPECIFICATION

EBS1-EPFA76-EBPI-SPPA-1001-D01

2023.2.19

Date Sign
Code I Information only Submission - Accepted
Rejected – Major Comments – Data Provider to revise and re-submit. Work
Code R should NOT proceed in the affected areas until comments are resolved.
Comments Returned – Data provider to revise and re-submit for the further
Code C review.
Code A Accepted – Approved – No further submission required

Review Code and Status

D01 2023-2-16 IFA Li Xiao Zhang Peizhou Zhang Jingxian

D00 2022-12-30 IFC Li Xiao Zhang Peizhou Zhang Jingxian

Reason for Prepared Revised Checked Approved
REV Date
Issue By By By By
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SPECIFICATION EBS1 EPFA76 EBPI SPPA 1001 D01

DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY SHEET

REVISION
Rev DATE ISSUED UPDATE / AMENDMENT DETAILS
DESCRIPTION
D00 IFC 30-Dec-22 Issued for Comments
D01 IFA 16-Feb-23 Approved for Construction
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SPECIFICATION EBS1 EPFA76 EBPI SPPA 1001 D01

CONTENTS
HOLDS .............................................................................................. 6
1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 7
1.1 General................................................................................................ 7
1.2 Scope of Document ................................................................................. 8
1.3 Definitions ............................................................................................ 8
1.4 Language and Units of Measurement ............................................................ 8

2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS ............................................... 11

2.1 General.............................................................................................. 11
2.2 Contract Documents .............................................................................. 11
2.3 International Codes, Standards and Regulations ............................................ 11
2.4 Order of Precedence ............................................................................. 11

3.0 BASIS OF DESIGN ............................................................................ 13

3.1 Location ............................................................................................. 13
3.2 Weather and Geological Data ................................................................... 13
3.3 Fluid Data ........................................................................................... 15

4.0 CP SYSTEM DESIGN ......................................................................... 18

5.0 MATERIALS / EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS .................. 19
5.1 Magnesium Anodes ................................................................................ 19
5.2 Junction Boxes .................................................................................... 20
5.3 Reference Electrode .............................................................................. 20

6.0 CP SYSTEM INSTALLATION ................................................................ 22

6.1 Installation of Magnesium Anodes .............................................................. 22
6.2 Installation of Cable .............................................................................. 22

7.0 INSPECTION AND TESTS ................................................................... 25

7.1 General.............................................................................................. 25
7.2 Inspection of CP System ......................................................................... 25
7.3 Tests of CP System ................................................................................ 25

8.0 RUNNING AND MAINTENANCE ............................................................ 27

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ABBREVIATIONS
Abbreviation Description

AARH Arithmetic Average Roughness Height

API American Petroleum Institute
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
BS British Standard
CP Cathodic Protection
DPE Dye Penetrant Examination
EN European Standard
FOB Free On Board
ICCP Impressed Current Cathodic Protection
ISO International Standards Organisation
ITP Inspection and Test Plan
IVB Independent Verification Body
MPE Magnetic Particle Examination
MRB Manufacturing Record Book
NACE National Association of Corrosion Engineers
NDE Non Destructive Examination
NFPA National Fire Protection Association
NPS Nominal Pipe Size
NPT National Pipe Thread
PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment
QA Quality Assurance
QC Quality Assurance
RFQ Request For Quotation
RMS Root Mean Square
RP Recommended Practice
RT Radiographic Testing
SI International System of Units
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SPECIFICATION EBS1 EPFA76 EBPI SPPA 1001 D01

Abbreviation Description

SPIR Spare Parts & Interchangeability Record

SWL Safe Working Load
TM Test Method
T/R Transformer Rectifier
WRC Welding Research Council
UBC Uniform Building Code
VDRL VENDOR/BIDDER Document Requirements List
VPI Vapour Phase Inhibitor
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HOLDS

HOLD
Section Description
No.
No HOLDS
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 General
East Baghdad South Oilfield (EBS Oilfield) is located 14km to the north-east of Baghdad,
the capital of Iraq, 70 km northwest of Ahdeb oilfield. The oilfield extends about 60km
in the NW-SE direction and 12km in the SW-NE direction. The concession of EBS oilfield
covers 658 km2.
EBS oilfield is located in the agricultural area of alluvial plain formed by Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers, 30~40m above sea level. Tigris River is close to the northern part of
the field located in an agricultural area with some villages. Transportation is
convenient, an expressway joins Baghdad and Basra passes by the oilfield. Geographic
location refer to figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Geographic Location

Except for a few old wellheads, EBS oilfield is completely new to be developed. EBS
oilfield includes two blocks: S1 and S2. Process well fluids come from the following
reservoirs: Tanuma, Khasib, Zubair, Ha-1. Tanuma and Khasib are developed in S2
block. Zubair and Ha-1 are developed in S1 block. According to preliminary
development plan, EBS oilfield plans to be comprised of 134 new wellheads, 7 OGMs, 1
FPF and 1 CPF. Produced water, water injection system and also the supporting
utilities and infrastructural facilities need to be developed for the oilfield. The oil
production is estimated to reach 40,000 BOPD.
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The produced crude from S2 block will be transported to Field Production Facility (FPF)
for liquid and gas separation and the separated liquid and gas will be transported to
Central Processing Facility (CPF) though one wild crude export pipeline (From FPF to
CPF) and one wet gas export pipeline (From FPF to CPF). The produced crude from S1
block will be directly transported to Central Processing Facility (CPF). The produced
crude and wet gas will be treated in CPF and individually transported to Zubaidiya
power plant and Besmaya power plant.
This project includes 25 production wells, 5 injection wells, 6 OGMs as well as relevant
flowlines, wellhead facilities, trunk lines, electric facilities and access roads of OGMs.
1.2 Scope of Document
This specification defines the minimum requirements for the system design and
materials for external cathodic protection system required for the new buried steel
pipes of this project.
Minimum requirements are specified for the design and engineering of the CP system,
the supply and installation of materials and the maintenance of the system.
1.3 Definitions
CLIENT/ COMPANY EBS PETROLEUM COMPANY LIMITED.
CONTRACTOR NORINCO International.
SUB-CONTRACTOR The firm/corporation to which the CONTRACTOR may in turn
sub-contract part of the WORK subject to prior approval of the
COMPANY.
WORK All temporary and permanent work described in CONTRACT and
specifications.
VENDOR/BIDDER The organisation awarded a Purchase Order/Contract for supply
of materials, equipment or service required for the WORK.
MANUFACTURER The organisation responsible for the manufacture of the
equipment (not necessarily the VENDOR/BIDDER).
WILL Used in conjunction with an action
SHALL Mandatory requirement.
1.4 Language and Units of Measurement
All documentation exchanged on this Project shall be in the English language. Units of
measurement shall in general follow SI practise. However, there are recognised
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exceptions and preferred units that are used in the Oil and Gas Industry. The
applicable units of measurement are shown in Table 1-4 below
Table 1-4 Units of Measurement

Abbreviation/
Parameter Units
Symbols

Area Square metre m2

Concentration Parts per million by vol ppm vol

Pound per thousand oil barrels PTB (salt)

milligram per litre mg/l

grams per cubic metre g/m3

Corrosion rate Millimetre per year mm/yr

Current Ampere, kilo Ampere A, kA

Density kilogram per cubic metre kg/m3

Flange/Valve Rating Pound #

Gas Oil Ratio Standard Cubic Feet per Standard scf/bbl

Barrel

Length metre m

Load kilo Newton kN

Mass flow Tonne per hour t/h

kilogram per hour kg/h

Pipe/Tubing Diameter Inch inch

millimetre mm

Power kilo Watt, Mega Watt kW, MW

kilo Volt Ampere kVA
Mega Volt Ampere MVA

Pressure Bar (gauge) / Bar (absolute) barg / bara

Pascal Pa
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Abbreviation/
Parameter Units
Symbols

Pound per square inch (gauge) / psig /

Pound per square inch (absolute) psia

Kilo Newton per square meter kN/m2

O
Temperature Degree Celsius C
O
Degree Fahrenheit F

Thickness Inch inch

millimetre mm

Velocity metre per second m/s

Volume / Capacity Cubic metre m3

Gallon Gal

Barrel, million barrel (for liquid) bbl, MMbbl,

Million std. cu. ft. (for Gas) MMscf

Volumetric Flow Rate Cubic metre per hour, Litre per m3/h, l/min,
(Actual) minute, Million Barrel per day, MMBPD,
Barrel per hour bbl/h

Volumetric Flow Rate Barrel per day (stock tank) BPD (bbl/d)
(Stock Tank, Liquid)

Volumetric Flow Rate Million Standard cubic feet per MMscf/d

(Standard per day Gas) day

Weight kilogram kg

Tonne ton
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2.0 CODES, STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

2.1 General
Throughout this specification the following standards and codes are referred to. The
edition of these standards and codes that are in effect at the time of publication of
this specification shall, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this specification.
The applicability of changes in standards and codes that occur after the date of this
specification shall be mutually agreed upon by the Company and the Vendor.
The VENDOR/BIDDER shall obtain his own copies of the Codes, Standards and
Regulations referenced herein. Failure to do so does not relieve the VENDOR/BIDDER
of his obligation to offer equipment and materials in accordance with the Requisition
and its attachments.
Where “in-house” standards have either been developed or are based on recognized
National, International or industry standards these may be offered as an alternative,
provided adequate detail is contained within the VENDOR/BIDDER's bid.
Compliance by the VENDOR/BIDDER with the provisions of this Specification does not
relieve the VENDOR/BIDDER of the responsibility to furnish painting application of a
proper design suitable for the specified service conditions and/or local codes
governing health and safety.
2.2 Contract Documents
Anti-Corrosion
EBS1-EPFA76-EBPI-DWLC-1001: Cathodic Protection Location Plan
EBS1-EPFA76-EBPI-DWIN-1001: Cathodic Protection Typical Drawings
2.3 International Codes, Standards and Regulations

Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic

NACE SP0169
Piping Systems

NACE SP0286 Electrical Isolation of Cathodically Protected Pipelines

Petroleum & natural gas industries – Pipeline transportation systems

ISO 15589-1
– Cathodic protection – Part 1: Onshore pipelines

Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection

NACE TM0497
on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems
2.4 Order of Precedence
The following order of precedence shall apply:
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 The Requisition and Data Sheets

 This Specification

 Other Referenced Project Specifications

 Other International Codes, Standards and Regulations

In the event of any conflicts or doubt refer to COMPANY.
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3.0 BASIS OF DESIGN

3.1 Location
EBS oilfield is located in the agricultural area of alluvial plain formed by Tigris and
Euphrates Rivers, 20m above sea level. The oilfield is about 14km east of Baghdad, the
capital of Iraq.
Tigris River is close to the northern part of the field located in an agricultural area
with some villages. The transportation is convenient, an expressway joins Baghdad and
Basra, additionally national road crosses the oilfield.

To Rashdiya PP 16"-6MPa
1
Tanuma + Khasib
2

New Producer: 23+35

10 12
3
11
8

EB38

7
9

14
13
22
23
S2 Block PAD: 40
EB41
5 4
6

20
21

24
New Injector: 20+35
15

S2 Block
35

19 25

EB31
16

17
18
27 26 EB26
34 Existing Wells: 7
33

30 32 36
EB04
29 31
28
37

39 38

Bagdad Zubair + Ha-1

New Producer: 12+7
EB52

40

S1 Block PAD: 6
New Injector: 0+2
Rostomya Sewage
Treatment Plant Existing Wells: 4

S1 Block
1

EB24
EB02

Besmaya PP
Al Wihda
To Musayib PP
EB97
3

River Madain
5

Road
4

Existing Pipeline
6

Figure 11-1 Oilfield Location

3.2 Weather and Geological Data
The Field is located in the dry and hot tropical desert climate zone. In summer (from
May to September), the temperature ranges from 38°C to 50°C. Winters are cool (from
October to April) with the temperature ranging from 2.1°C to 11°C. Winter is the main
rainy season with the average rainfall of about 100mm. Local meteorological data are
shown in the table below:
Table 3.1 Environment Data

Item Specification
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Item Specification

Annual average atmospheric pressure 1010.3 (mbar)

Temperature:
Max. Atmospheric Temp. 55℃
Min. Atmospheric Temp.
-5℃
Wet Bulb Temperature
Min.:3.3℃; Max.:23℃; AVG:25℃

Relative Humidity:
Max. (November-March) 90-100 %
Min. 10 %

Rain Fall:
Max. 200mm/year (45mm/day)
Rain Fall Season November-March

Wind:
General Direction 85%N. W.-SE
Max. recorded Wind Speed 160km/hr
Wind Speed for Design Purpose 165 km/hr @15m Height (3 seconds gust)

Frequent during summer season. Duration is

Sand Storm from several hours to about a week, especially
during day time.

Earthquake ZONE 2A 0.15g

Winter Ground Temp. 18℃

(1m underground)
Summer Ground Temp.
28℃
(1m underground)

Thunder days 13.7days/year

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3.3 Fluid Data

The properties of related fluid data including crude oil, associated gas, produced
water, are listed as follows:
Table 3.2 Properties of Crude Oil

Well ID EB-26 Blend 1 EB-4 EB-10 EB-1

Formation Khasib K&T Zubair Tanuma Hartha

Density(g/cm3) (g/cm3)15.6℃ 0.9075 0.9263 0.8346 0.9706 0.9531

API 24.3 21.1 38 14.3 16.9

Viscosity (mPas)20℃ 33.1 96.1 4.5

Total sulphur wt% 5.6 4.6 1.04 5.67 5.18

Wax wt% 2.1 0.7 1.77

Asphaltenes wt% 5.98 58 0.49 7.41

Pour pt ℃ -30 -22 10 -23

Table 3.3 Composition of Associated Gas

Item Tanuma Khasib

Agilent
Agilent Technologies Agilent Technologies
Gas Chromatography Technologies 7890B
7890B ac 7890B ac
ac

Well: Field/East Well: Field/East Well: Field/East

Source of Sample
Baghdad Baghdad Baghdad

Sampling Point EB-70T EB-62K EB-70K

Sampling Pressure
0.84 24 5.5
(Kg/cm2)

Date of Sampling 2016/4/21 2016/5/8 2016/4/17

Date & Time of Testing 2016/4/24 2016/5/8 2016/4/17

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Item Tanuma Khasib

Compounds:

C1 63.611 82.532 84.292

C2 13.619 8.941 9.113

C3 10.981 5.614 4.118

i-C4 2.078 0.749 0.63

n-C4 5.001 1.632 0.569

i-C5 1.61 0.535 0.398

n-C5 1.645 0.538 0.413

C6+ 1.454 0.659 0.467

TOTAL 99.999 100 100

TONLPG/MMSCF 10.707284 3.981163 3.003595

MOL.WT 26.859582 20.601853 19.763857

Density gm/cc 0.001134 0.00087 0.000835

SP.GR 0.927347 0.711345 0.682413

Total Sulfur 177.425 137.269 184.135

Sulfur Compounds PPM PPM PPM

H2S 164.694 132.087 176.511

COS 3.637 1.653 4.383

Methanethiol 1.916 0.6 0.706

Ethanethiol 1.444 0.445 0.52

Dimethyl sulfide 0.298 0.676 0

CS2 3.724 1.233 1.126

propanethiol 0.811 0.255 0.653

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Item Tanuma Khasib

Butanethiol 0.006 0 0

Ethyl methyl sulfide 0.745 0.256 0.054

Diethyl sulfide 0 0 0

Dimethyl disulfide 0.009 0.029 0.068

2-Methyl thiophene 0 0 0

3-Methyl thiophene 0.141 0.035 0.114

Table 3.4 Properties of Produced Water

Well ID EB-1 EB-2 EB-4 EB-6 EB-15

Layer Hartha Shusiba Zubair Hartha Zubair

Na+ 42153 55217 75269 35770 34914

K+ 1700 2400 1500 880

Ca2+ 8600 14500 16000 6000 8000

Mg2+ 1980 1800 3200 1944 1400

Fe3+ 190 8

Cl- 85990 117800 155000 67450 70990

SO42- 1840 380 388 6500 1378

HCO3- 30 190 210 610

Total Salinity 142603 092287 253200 119328 116682

Water Type CaCl2 CaCl2 CaCl2 CaCl2 CaCl2

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4.0 CP SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 General
4.1.1 External corrosion protection of the new buried station pipes shall be provided
by a painting system in conjunction with a cathodic protection system.
4.1.2 The cathodic protection system for the new pipes shall be by sacrificial (galvanic)
anodes installed in aggressive soils to protect the pipes from corrosion.
4.1.3 Totally 9 groups of magnesium anodes are applied, each group consists of two
magnesium anodes (22kg/nos.), one ex-proof junction box, one Cu/CUSO4 reference
electrode, cables, concrete foundations and all other necessary accessories.
4.2 Cathodic Protection Design Criteria
4.2.1 Design Life
The design life for the cathodic protection systems shall be 20 years.
4.2.2 Current Density
The cathodic protection current density shall be 1mA/m2.
4.2.3 Cathodic Protection Potential Ranges
The minimum negative polarization shall be 850mv as measured with respect to the
saturated Cu/CuSO4 half-cell (instant “off” conditions). This minimum shall be 950mv
for pipelines buried in corrosive environments where sulphate reducing bacteria are
likely to develop such as in clay soil.
The maximum admissible negative polarization value will be 1.15V (instant “off”
conditions) with respect to saturated Cu/CuSO4 half-cell for design purpose. Excessive
polarization should be avoided to eliminate the risk of hydrogen overvoltage and
consequent coating disbondment.
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5.0 MATERIALS / EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

The external cathodic protection system of pipes of this project shall mainly consist of
magnesium anodes, ex-proof junction boxes, reference electrode and cables, etc.
5.1 Magnesium Anodes
Magnesium anodes should be used for cathodic protection depending on the soil
resistivity and current requirements. For each anode group, two magnesium anodes
are connected to pipes by one ex-proof junction box.
5.1.1 Technical Requirements of Magnesium Anodes
 Anode Type: Trapezoid magnesium alloy anode

 Anode Size(mm):Length×[Upper Line＋Lower Line]×Height 700×[130＋150]

×125

 Single Anode Weight: 22kg /set

 Chemical composition of magnesium anodes refers to below table.

Element Content, %
Al 5.3-6.7
Zn 2.5-3.5
Mn 0.15-0.6
Fe ≤0.005
Ni ≤0.003
Cu ≤0.02
Si ≤0.1
Mg Remainder

 Open Circuit Potential: -1.57~-1.60V (Cu/CuSO4 Reference Electrode)

 Actual Current Capacity (soil): ≥1100A·h/kg
 Efficiency (soil): ≥50%
 Consumption (soil): ≤7.5kg/(A·a)
 Dissolving Status: corrosion products drop automatically, the surface of anodes
appears uniform dissolution
 The welding and insulation of anodes lead wires
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Braze welding shall be applied for the connection of anodes core and lead wires, the
length of both sides welding shall be greater than 50mm. After braze welding, the
overlapped regions of anodes core and lead wires shall be tied by galvanized steel
wires to reinforce the bearing capacity of lead wires. The welding area and exposed
surfaces of anodes core shall be sealed by epoxy resin, and heat shrinkable tape shall
be used following the sealing of welding area of anodes core. The anodes shall be with
10m VV-0.6/1KV-1×10mm2 lead wires.
5.1.2 Backfill
The proportion of backfill shall be: 75% Plaster + 25% Bentonite + 5% Sodium Sulfate
(by weight).
5.2 Junction Boxes
All junction boxes for cable connections shall be flameproof. Junction boxes shall be
Exd ⅡB T4, IP 65, the anticorrosion level shall be WF2. Junction boxes shall be marked
the “type and date, etc.” on the front side.

Box shall be adequate facilities for terminating the wires, which shall mainly consist of
following parts :
 Base plate made of insulation material
 Cable plates for cable termination
 Nut, bolt, stud, washers and other necessary accessories
 All cables inside junction boxes shall have cable identifications to clarify the
type, size and connected pipelines etc. of cables.
5.3 Reference Electrode
In order to monitor the protective effect of cathodic protection system, three
Cu/CuSO4 reference electrodes are installed for each anode group.
Backfill and BVV S=2.5mm2 lead wire shall be matched with reference electrode.
Reference electrode shall be immersed in water for 15-20 minutes before installation.
The proportion of backfill shall be: 75% Plaster + 25% Bentonite + 5% Sodium Sulfate
(by weight).

 Potential Stability: Potential vibration ≤±10mV

 Anti-Polarization: when current of 500 μ A is flowing through reference

electrode, the potential vibration is not more than ±5mV

 Design Life: ≥10a

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 Temperature Coefficient: 0.96mV/℃

 Lead Wire: 10m length of 2.5mm2 macromolecule polyethylene copper core

cable
 With matching backfill
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6.0 CP SYSTEM INSTALLATION

6.1 Installation of Magnesium Anodes
(1) Surface Pre-treatment of Magnesium Alloy Anode
Anodes’ working surface shall remove oxide production and other polluted production
& dirt using steel wire brush before being put into backfill. The final working surface
of anodes shall be clean enough, paints or oil dirt etc. shall not exist on the working
surface. The head face with anode core shall be coated with epoxy resin following 250
μm thickness.

(2) Installation of Backfill

Chemical backfill shall be provided for the burying of anodes, the thickness shall be
100mm at least, and the proportion of backfill shall be: 75% Plaster + 25% Bentonite +
5% Sodium Sulfate (by weight).
Backfill shall be packed by cloth bag, and chemical fiber fabric bags are forbidden.
Backfill shall be mixed evenly without containing gravels, mud or weeds.
(3) Installation of Anodes
Anodes installation details refer to EBS1-FSFA90-SAMC-DWDD-1101.During the
installation of anodes, it is needed to firstly tie the backfill cloth bag using a rope,
then put the cloth bag carefully into the prepared anode well and water the cloth bag
to make the backfill saturated, at last fill the anode well with fine soil, compact and
recovery the ground.
6.2 Installation of Cable
6.2.1 Cabling
All CP cables shall have relevant certifications, and have certification of direct burying
in soil. For the convenient wiring, test and maintenance at site, each cable at the
terminals inside test posts shall be clearly identified by a permanent label which is
marked type, size and connection pipes.
All cabling shall be routed and installed in accordance with the design drawings and to
the approval of the engineer. Sufficient information is given in the design drawings to
indicate the general routes of cables. Final route are to be determined on site and
changes made only where absolutely necessary and with the approval of the Engineer.
To avoid kinks and knots, all cables shall be carefully unreeled and laid directly into
the prepared trench. Where cables are reeled on drums, the drums shall be mounted
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on jacks. Trenches shall be kept away from buried pipes containing hot fluids and from
pipes liable to temperature rise owing to steaming out.
The bottom of the trench receiving direct buried cable shall be relatively smooth,
undisturbed and well tamped earth. Care shall be taken to be sure that there are no
sharp rocks or other objects in the cable trench bottom that could damage cable
insulation.
Cables shall be laid with sufficient "Slack" to avoid breaking during or after backfilling
and to allow for shifting and settling. Each wire terminated in the test box shall have
at least 15 cm of slack coiled.
Cables shall be installed as follows:
 Cables shall be laid in prepared trenches.
 Before cables are placed, the trench bottom shall be leveled and backfilled
with a layer of 10 cm thickness soft soil or fine sand.
 This soft sand shall be leveled and the cable placed thereon. The laying of
cables shall be carefully done to avoid any damage to insulation. After laying
and before covering, all cables shall be examined for cuts, nicks and any other
damage. All damaged cables must be repaired before burying.
 The cable shall then be covered with a layer of 10 cm thickness soft soil or fine
sand. The sand shall be lightly tamped. Machine compaction shall not be used.
 The remainder of the trench shall then be backfilled and compacted with soil
such that existing elevations are met.
6.2.2 Cable Connection
Pin brazing is used for cable connections to pipe:
 Pin brazing is a capacitive discharge brazing method for fusing a copper alloy
pin to the substrate in order to provide a permanent low resistance continuity
bond for CP applications. CP continuity cables shall have brazed copper cable
lugs. These shall be connected to the substrate steelwork by use of pin brazing,
such that there is a fused or brazed low resistance path, i.e. without the use of
threaded/bolted connections.
 The coating shall be removed, where necessary, over an area of approximately
50 mm x 50 mm using a coarse file or small (fine/medium) hand-grinding wheel.
The steel shall then be cleaned to bright metal using a small hand grinder using
a non-metallic coarse grinder. Care must be taken to ensure the minimum wall
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thickness of the base material is not compromised during the grinding

operations.
 On completion of pin brazing all connections shall be mechanically tested by
tapping the connection with a sharp blow from a 1 kg hard rubber headed
hammer. The completed cable connection shall be tested by pulling, with the
weight of the body, in the direction of the cable lay.

 The electrical resistance between cables and pipes shall be less than 0.01Ω.

 All completed tests shall be recorded.

 The welding points which are not qualified shall be removed by abrasion with
no decrease of pipe wall thickness. New welding points shall be removed at
least 75mm from former welding points.
 On satisfactory completion of Pin Brazing, the surrounding coating shall be
repaired. Surface preparation of repaired area shall be treated to St 3.0 at
least, the surrounding coating shall be roughed. The area is trimmed to round,
and the edge is trimmed to obtuse angle. After this, the hole is filled with
epoxy resin, and then wrapped by a heat shrink tape with 400mm width. The
overlap with original coating shall be at least 100mm.
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7.0 INSPECTION AND TESTS

7.1 General
The CP Contractor shall submit for COMPANY’s approval an Inspection and Test Plan
(ITP), which will form the plan for Inspection and Testing of the CP construction.
The COMPANY may also perform inspection and witness tests. Inspection and tests
performed or witnessed by the COMPANY shall in no way relieve the Contractor's
obligation to perform the required inspection and tests.
7.2 Inspection of CP System
Inspectors responsible for CP installation shall be familiar with relevant CP
construction codes & standards and CP engineering drawings.
Insulation and sheath layer of all cables shall be inspected to avoid damages, the
wiring of all cables shall be inspected as per approved drawings. There shall be no
sharp rocks or other objects that may damage cable insulation at bottom of cable
trench or included in backfill soil / sand.
Items below for test posts along pipeline route shall be inspected at least:
 The performance of cable connections to pipe, the insulation measures for
welding points.
 The labelling of cables.
 Whether there is damage of cable insulation.
 The stability of test post installation.
Inspectors shall be qualified, experienced and familiar with relevant knowledge of
items above. They shall also be responsible for the repair supervision if defects are
found.
7.3 Tests of CP System
7.3.1 The following items shall be inspected after the installation and running of CP
systems:
(1) Natural potential.
(2) Insulation performance of insulation joints (if have).
(3) Protective potential.
(4) Protective current of pipes.
7.3.2 Sacrificial anode CP
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After the running of magnesium anodes of CP, items below shall be tested:
(1) Potential
 Natural potential
 Anodes open circuit potential
 Anodes closed circuit potential
 Protective potential of buried pipes
(2) Current
 Single anode current output
(3) Resistance
 Single anode grounding resistance
(4) Soil resistivity of anodes buried location
The tests of anodes protection parameters shall be carried out 10 days later after the
watering of anodes and backfill. The test work shall include the items above.
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8.0 RUNNING AND MAINTENANCE

The Contractor shall carry out a full range of tests to confirm satisfactory installation
and operation of the CP system.
After the commissioning of CP, the Owner shall carry out the maintenance of the CP as
follows:
 All the protected potentials along the pipe shall be tested once a month.
 The validity of all the insulating joints shall be tested once a year.
 An overall test shall be performed every year to verify the validity of the CP
system.
 All problems occurred during operation and maintenance shall be solved in time,
and all data recorded shall be kept in the archives.