%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Acoustic Wave Equation Solver

by: HENDERSON PINTO %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

clear
clc

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining Space and Time

Dimensions and Source Position %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
Depth = 6000; %%%%%%%% [Meters] %%%%%%%%
Offset = 12000; %%%%%%%% [Meters] %%%%%%%%
b = 1; %%%%%%%% [Seconds] %%%%%%%%
C = 3000; %%%%%%%% [Meters/Seconds] %%%%%%%%%
h = 60; %%%%%%%% Step size of the space [Meters]%%%
%%%%%%
k =(h/C)*sqrt((3/8)); %%%%%%%% Step size of the time [Seconds]%%%%%%%%%

r = (C.*k)/h; %%%%%%%% Stability Parameter %%%%%%%%

SourceOffset = 5000; %%%%%%%% Source position Offset %%%%%%%%

SourceDepth = 40; %%%%%%%% Source position Depth %%%%%%%%
GridSourceOffset = round((SourceOffset)/h); %%%%%%%% Grid position for
source in offset %%%%%%%%%
GridSourceDepth = round((SourceDepth)/h) ; %%%%%%%% Grid position for
source in depth %%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining Space and Time Grid

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

GridOffset = (Offset/h)+1; %%%%%%%% Number of grid points in offset %%

%%%%%%%
GridDepth = (Depth/h)+1; %%%%%%%% Number of grid points in depth %%
%%%%%%%
GridTime = (b/k)+1; %%%%%%%% Number of grid points in time %%
%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining Seismic Source =

Ricker Wavelet %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
SpaceDomainOffset= linspace(-0.05,0.05,40);
SpaceDomainDepth = linspace(-0.05,0.05,40);
Wavelet_Frequency=50;
[O,D] = meshgrid(SpaceDomainOffset,SpaceDomainDepth);
t = O.^2+D.^2;
Ricker_Wavelet = (1 - 2*pi^2*Wavelet_Frequency^2*t).*exp(-
pi^2*Wavelet_Frequency^2*t);
surf(O,D,Ricker_Wavelet)
title('Ricker Wavelet')
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining Velocity Model %%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Homogeneous Velocity Model %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% C=ones(101,201);
% C=3000*C;

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Low Velocity Model %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%
% V1=1000;
% V2=1000;
% V3=1000;
% V4=1000;
% V5=2000;
% V6=3000;
%
%
% VModel=imread('LowVelocityLayer201_101','bmp');
% image(VModel)
% [y,x,z]=size(VModel);
% C=zeros(y,x); %%%%%%%%%%% Pre-Allocating the velocity
field %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% for i=1:y
% for j=1:x
% if VModel(i,j)==15 %%%%%%%% White %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j,1)=V1;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==11 %%%%%%%% Yellow %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V2;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==9 %%%%%%%% Red %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V3;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==12 %%%%%%%% Blue %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V4;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==7 %%%%%%%% Grey %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V5;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==0 %%%%%%%% Black %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V6;
% end
% end
% end

%
% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% High Velocity Model %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% V1=1000;
% V2=1000;
% V3=1000;
% V4=1000;
% V5=1000;
% V6=3000;
%
%
% VModel=imread('HighVelocityLayer201_101','bmp');
% image(VModel)
% [y,x,z]=size(VModel);
% C=zeros(y,x); %%%%%%%%%%% Pre-Allocating the velocity
field %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% for i=1:y
% for j=1:x
% if VModel(i,j)==15 %%%%%%%% White %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j,1)=V1;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==11 %%%%%%%% Yellow %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V2;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==9 %%%%%%%% Red %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V3;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==12 %%%%%%%% Blue %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V4;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==7 %%%%%%%% Grey %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V5;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==0 %%%%%%%% Black %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V6;
% end
% end
% end
%
%
%

% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Salt Dome %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

V1=1000;
V2=1000;
V3=1000;
V4=1000;
V5=2000;
V6=3000;

VModel=imread('SaltDome3_101_201','bmp');
image(VModel)
[y,x,z]=size(VModel);
C=zeros(y,x); %%%%%%%%%%% Pre-Allocating the velocity
field %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

for i=1:y
for j=1:x
if VModel(i,j)==15 %%%%%%%% White %%%%%%%%%
C(i,j,1)=V1;
 end
if VModel(i,j)==11 %%%%%%%% Yellow %%%%%%%%%
C(i,j)=V2;
end
if VModel(i,j)==9 %%%%%%%% Red %%%%%%%%%
C(i,j)=V3;
end
if VModel(i,j)==12 %%%%%%%% Blue %%%%%%%%%
C(i,j)=V4;
end
if VModel(i,j)==7 %%%%%%%% Grey %%%%%%%%%
C(i,j)=V5;
end
if VModel(i,j)==0 %%%%%%%% Black %%%%%%%%%
C(i,j)=V6;
end
end
end
%

% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Barent Sea Velocity Model %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%
% V1=1000;
% V2=1000;
% V3=1500;
% V4=2000;
% V5=2500;
% V6=3000;
%
%
% VModel=imread('BarentSea16_201x101','bmp');
% image(VModel)
% [y,x,z]=size(VModel);
% C=zeros(y,x); %%%%%%%%%%% Pre-Allocating the velocity
field %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% for i=1:y
% for j=1:x
% if VModel(i,j)==15 %%%%%%%% White %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j,1)=V1;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==11 %%%%%%%% Yellow %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V2;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==9 %%%%%%%% Red %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V3;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==12 %%%%%%%% Blue %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V4;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==7 %%%%%%%% Grey %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V5;
% end
% if VModel(i,j)==0 %%%%%%%% Black %%%%%%%%%
% C(i,j)=V6;
% end
% end
% end

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining Past Wave

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%

Past_Wave = zeros(GridDepth,GridOffset); %%%%%%%%%% Pre-

Allocating the Past-Wave %%%%%%%%%

for i =0:length(Ricker_Wavelet)-1
for j = 0:length(Ricker_Wavelet)-1

Past_Wave(GridSourceDepth+j,GridSourceOffset+i) =
Ricker_Wavelet(i+1,j+1);
end
end

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Definig Present Wave

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%

Present_Wave = zeros(GridDepth,GridOffset); %%%%%%%%%% Pre-

Allocating the present wave%%%%%%%%%

r = C.*k/h; %%%%%%%%%% Stability Verification %%%%%%%%%%

for i = 2:GridDepth-1
for j = 2:GridOffset-1

Present_Wave(i,j) = (1-2*r(i,j).^2).*Past_Wave(i,j) +
((r(i,j).^2)/2).*(Past_Wave(i+1,j)+Past_Wave(i-1,j)+ Past_Wave(i,j+1) +
Past_Wave(i,j-1));
end
end

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining Future Wave

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%

for t = 1:GridTime

Future_Wave = zeros(GridDepth,GridOffset); %%%%%%%%%% Pre-

Allocating the future wave %%%%%%%%%

r = C.*k/h; %%%%%%%%%% Stability Verification %%%%%%%%%%

for i = 3:GridDepth-2
for j = 3:GridOffset-2
 Future_Wave(i,j)= (r(i,j).^2/12).*(- Present_Wave(i,j-2)+
16*Present_Wave(i,j-1) - 30*Present_Wave(i,j)+ 16*Present_Wave(i,j+1) -
Present_Wave(i,j+2) - Present_Wave(i-2,j)+ 16*Present_Wave(i-1,j) -
30*Present_Wave(i,j)+ 16*Present_Wave(i+1,j) -Present_Wave(i+2,j))+
2*Present_Wave(i,j) - Past_Wave(i,j);
%
end
end

Past_Wave = Present_Wave;
Present_Wave = Future_Wave;

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Defining geophones %%%%%%%%%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Geophone(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,7);
Geophone2(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,12);
Geophone3(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,24);
Geophone4(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,36);
Geophone5(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,48);
Geophone6(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,60);
Geophone7(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,72);
Geophone8(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,84);
Geophone9(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,96);
Geophone10(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,108);
Geophone11(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,120);
Geophone12(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,132);
Geophone13(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,144);
Geophone14(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,156);
Geophone15(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,168);
Geophone16(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,170);
Geophone17(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,182);
Geophone18(1,t)=Present_Wave(10,194);

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Plotting the wave

solution %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% solution
[O,D] =
meshgrid(linspace(0,Offset,GridOffset),linspace(0,Depth,GridDepth));
surf(O,D,Future_Wave,'edgecolor','none')
% map = [0, 0, 0.3
% 0, 0, 0.4
% 0, 0, 0.5
% 0, 0, 0.6
% 0, 0, 0.8
% 0, 0, 1.0];
colormap winter
set(gca,'YDir','reverse');
shading interp
axis square
view(0,90);
title('Acoustive Wave Propagation')
xlabel('Offset [m]')
ylabel('Depth [m]')
drawnow ()

end

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Plotting Seismograms %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%
[p,tiempo]=size(Geophone);
tiempo=(1:tiempo);
tiempo=0.0122*tiempo;
figure (3)
subplot (3,1,1)
plot(tiempo,Geophone)
title('Seismograph 1 (Offset=600m)')
xlabel('Time [s]')
ylabel('Amplitude')
subplot (3,1,2)
xlim([0,2.5])

plot(tiempo,Geophone10)
title('Seismograph 2 (Offset=6000m)')
xlabel('Time [s]')
ylabel('Amplitude')
xlim([0,b])

subplot (3,1,3)
plot(tiempo,Geophone3)
title('Seismograph 3 (Offset=11400m)')
xlabel('Time [s]')
ylabel('Amplitude')
xlim([0,b])

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Plotting the Shot Gather %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

%
figure (4)
hold on
set (gca,'Ydir','reverse')
plot(Geophone9*8,tiempo)
plot((Geophone8*8-1),tiempo)
plot(Geophone7*8-2,tiempo)
plot(Geophone6*8-3,tiempo)
plot(Geophone5*8-4,tiempo)
plot(Geophone4*8-5,tiempo)
plot(Geophone3*8-6,tiempo)
plot(Geophone2*8-7,tiempo)
plot(Geophone*8-8,tiempo)
plot(Geophone10*8+1,tiempo)
plot(Geophone11*8+2,tiempo)
plot(Geophone12*8+3,tiempo)
plot(Geophone13*8+4,tiempo)
plot(Geophone14*8+5,tiempo)
plot(Geophone15*8+6,tiempo)
plot(Geophone16*8+7,tiempo)
plot(Geophone17*8+8,tiempo)
plot(Geophone18*8+9,tiempo)
title('Shot Gather')
xlabel('Receiver Station # [m]')
xlim([-8,10])
ylabel('Time [s]')
ylim([0,b])

REFERENCES

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LeVeque, Randall J., 1955- Finite difference methods for ordinary and partial differential
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Lines Laurence R., Rafael Slawinski, and Phillip R. Bording. A recipe for stability analysis of
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Zakaria Ahmad, John Penrose , Frank Thomas and Xiuming Wang The Two Dimensional
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. Uk+1(i,j)= (r(i,j).^2/12).*(- Uk(i,j-2)+ 16*Uk(i,j-1) - 30*Uk(i,j)+

16*Uk(i,j+1) - Uk(i,j+2) - Uk(i-2,j)+ 16*Uk(i-1,j) - 30*Uk(i,j)+
16*Uk(i+1,j) -Uk(i+2,j))+ 2*Uk(i,j) – Uk-1(i,j);
%

Mathews John H., Kurtis D. Fink, "Numerical methods using matlab", fourth edition 2004,
Pearson..