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Flux Linkage and Inductance: Sections: 8.10 Homework: See Homework File
Flux Linkage and Inductance: Sections: 8.10 Homework: See Homework File
Sections: 8.10
Homework: See homework file
LECTURE 19 slide 1
Flux Linkage in Coils
• the sum of all fluxes piercing the surfaces bounded by all
turns (the total flux “linking” the turns)
• ideal scenario: each turn creates the same flux Φ and this flux
“links” all turns (no leakage)
N , Wb
I
1
• if flux density B is uniform inside the coil the
2
flux linkage is
NBS , Wb B NI N 2 I
N
• this is the coil’s self-flux linkage, i.e., the
flux links to the current which generates it
BS
N
LECTURE 19 slide 2
Self and Mutual Flux Linkage
• flux linkage may be self-flux linkage and mutual-flux linkage
• self-flux linkage links current which it is due to
• every coil has self-flux linkage
• mutual-flux linkage is due to B1 B2
currents in other inductors I1
1 I2 1
• mutual-flux linkage implies
two coupled coils 2 2
1 11 12 , 2 22 21
11 N111 N12 I1 N2
N1
12 N112 N1 N 2 I 2 12
22 N 2 22 N 22 I 2 11 22
21 N 2 21 N 2 N1I1 21
LECTURE 19 slide 3
Self and Mutual Inductance
mutual
M ,H
I
LECTURE 19 slide 6
Example for Mutual Flux Linkage and Mutual Inductance
• two coaxial solenoids (assume uniform field is in cross-sections)
solenoid #1: radius a, length D1, N1 turns a
solenoid #2: radius b, length D2, N2 turns
b
b a, D2 D1
• solenoid #2 is smaller than solenoid #1 and is positioned in its
middle
N 1 I1 N1 I1 b2
H1 21 H1 b
2
D1 D1
N1 N 2 I1 b2
21 N 2 21
D1
21 N1 N 2 b2
M 21 ,H
I1 D1
LECTURE 19 slide 7
Physical Significance of Flux Linkage: Faraday's Law
Why is the flux linkage important rather than the flux itself? The
answer is given by Faraday’s law of EM induction
d
e, V
dt
If the magnetic flux changes in time, electromotive force e (V) is
induced in each turn of the coil. Each turn acts like an AC voltage
source. These equivalent voltage sources are connected in series,
thus producing an overall voltage at the coil’s terminations as
d d
E Ne N , V
dt dt
It is the rate of change in time of the flux linkage, which determines
the induced voltage of a coil:
d dI dI k
V E L , V or V j M jk
dt dt dt
LECTURE 19 slide 8
Inductance per Unit Length: Coaxial Cable
linkage per unit length determines inductance per unit length
L , H/m
I
I c b
0 I
B , T (Ampère’s law) a
2
0 I H
d d B d d
2
b
0 I 0 I b
d ln , Wb/m
a
2 2 a
0 b
L2 ln , H/m
2 a
LECTURE 19 slide 9
Inductance per Unit Length: Parallel-plate Line
h H
• find inductance PUL Lꞌ
h
L 0 , H/m
I w
LECTURE 19 slide 10
Obtaining Inductance from Capacitance Expressions
• compare the capacitance and inductance PUL expressions for a
coaxial line
2
L ln b / a , H/m C , F/m
2 ln(b / a )
• and for a parallel-plate line
h w
L
C
w h
• it can be shown that for any infinitely long TL structure
LC
LECTURE 19 slide 11
Inductance per Unit Length: Twin-Lead Line
C , F/m
h 2
h
ln 1
r r
if h r
0 h
2 0 2 h
h h
L ln 1 0
arccosh , H/m L ln
r r r r
y
h h
P
1 2
r s s r x B
B
I 0 I
Az 0
A equipotentials Az A
LECTURE 19 slide 12
You have learned:
LECTURE 19 slide 13