DAY THIRTY

Unit Test 6
(Optics)
1 Sun is visible a little before the actual sunrise and until a 7 A beam of monochromatic light is refracted from vacuum
little after the actual sunset. This is due to into a medium of refractive index 1.5. The wavelength of
(a) total internal reflection (b) reflection refracted light will be
(c) refraction (d) polarisation (a) dependent on intensity of refracted light
(b) same
2 The magnification of a compound microscope is 30 and
(c) smaller
the focal length of its eye piece is 5cm. The (d) larger
magnification produced by the objective, when the
8 There is a prism with refractive index equal to 2 and
image is to be formed at least distance of distinct vision
the refracting angle equal to 30°. One of the refracting
(25 cm), is
surface of the prism is polished. A beam of
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 8 (d) 10
monochromatic light will retrace its path, its angle of
3 A simple microscope consists of a concave lens of incidence over the refracting surface of the prism is
power −10 D and a convex lens of power +20 D in (a) 0° (b) 30° (c) 45° (d) 60°
contact. If the image is formed at infinity, then the
9 What is Brewster angle for air to glass transition? ( µ of
magnifying power (D = 25 cm ) is
glass is 1.5)
(a) 2.5 (b) 3.5 (c) 2.0 (d) 3.0
(a) 56.3° (b) 57.5° (c) 59.1° (d) 83°
4 Interference is possible in
10 In a double slit experiment 5th dark fringe is formed
(a) light waves only
opposite to one of the slits. The wavelength of light is
(b) sound waves only
(c) both light and sound waves d2 d2 d2 d2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(d) neither light nor sound waves 6D 5D 15 D 9D
5 The axes of the polariser and analyser are inclined to 11 Angle of deviation (δ ) by a prism (refractive index = µ,
each other at 45°. If the amplitude of the unpolarised and supposing the angle of prism A to be small) can be
light incident on the polariser is a ,then what is the given by
amplitude of the light transmitted through the analyser? (a) δ = (µ − 1) A (b) δ = (µ + 1) A
a a 3 3 A+δ
(a) (b) (c) a (d) a sin
2 2 2 4 2 µ −1
(c) µ = (d) δ = A
6 A ray is incident at an angle of incidence i on one sin
A µ+1
surface of a prism of small angle A and emerges 2
normally from opposite surface. If the refractive index of 12 The illuminance of a surface 2 m away from a point
the material of prism is µ, the angle of incidence i is source is 4 Wm −2 . It will be 2 Wm −2 when the distance of
nearly equal to the point from the source is
A A µA (a) 2 2 m (b) 2 / 2 m
(a) (b) (c) µ A (d)
µ 2µ 2 (c) 2 m (d) 1/ 2 m
13 A wavefront is represented by the plane y = 3 − x . The 23 A transparent cube contains small air bubble. Its
propagation wave takes place at apparent distance is 2cm when seen through one face
(a) 45° with the + ve x -direction and 5 cm when seen through other face. If the refractive
(b) 135° with the + ve x-direction index of the material of the cube is 1.5, the real length of
(c) 60° with the + ve x-direction
the edge of cube must be
14
(d) no sufficient data (a) 7 cm (b) 7.5 cm (c) 10.5 cm (d) cm
3
14 In Young’s double slit experiment with monochromatic
24 Transmission of light in optical fibre is due to
light of wavelength 600 nm, the distance between slits is
(a) scattering (b) diffraction
10−3 m . For changing fringe width by 3 × 10−5 m
(c) polarisation
(a)the screen is moved away from the slits by 5 cm (d) multiple total internal reflections
(b)the screen is moved by 5 cm towards the slits
(c)the screen is moved by 3 cm towards the slits 25 Diameter of human eye lens is 2 mm. What will be the
(d)Both (a) and (b) be correct minimum distance between two points to resolve them,
which are situated at a distance of 50 m from eye?
15 A lens is placed between a source of light and wall. It
(The wavelength of light is 500 Å)
forms images of area A1 and A 2 on the wall, for its two
different positions, the area of the source of light is (a) 2.32 m (b) 4.28 mm (c) 1.25 cm (d) 12.48 cm
A1 + A 2 A1 − A 2 1 1 26 Two nicol prisms are placed with their principal planes at
(a) A 1A 2 (b) (c) (d) +
2 2 A1 A 2 60°. What percentage of light incident on the
combination is transmitted?
16 A convex lens of focal length 80 cm and a concave lens
of focal length 50 cm are combined together. What will (a) 75% (b) 60% (c) 25% (d) 12.5%
be their resulting power? 27 In Young’s double slit experiment, if the slit widths are in
(a) + 6.5 D (b) − 6.5 D (c) + 7.5 D (d) − 0.75 D the ratio 1 : 9, the ratio of the intensity at minima to that at
−2 maxima will be
17 Unpolarised light of intensity 32 Wm is incident on the
combination of three polaroids. The first and last (a) 1 (b) 1/9 (c) 1/4 (d) 1/3
polaroids are crossed. If the intensity of the light 28 Two coherent light sources S1 and S 2 (λ = 6000 Å) are
transmitted through the combination be 3 Wm −2 , then 1 mm apart from each other. The screen is placed at a
what is the angle between the transmission axes of first distance of 25 cm from the sources. The width of the
two polaroids? fringes on the screen should be
(a) 0° (b) 30° (c) 45° (d) 60°
(a) 0.015 cm (b) 0.025 cm (c) 0.010 cm (d) 0.030 cm
18 Two lamps of powers P1 and P2 are placed on either side 29 Light from two coherent sources of same amplitude ( A )
of a paper having an oil spot. The lamps are at 1m and and wavelength ( λ ) illuminates the screen. The intensity
2m respectively, on either side of the paper and the oil of central maximum is I 0. If the source were incoherent,
spot is invisible. What is the value of P1/P2 ? the intensity at the same point will be
(a) 0.25 (b) 0.40 (c) 0.50 (d) 0.60
(a) I 0 / 2 (b) I 0 (c) 2I 0 (d) 4I 0
19 An astronomical telescope of ten-fold angular
30 What will be the angle of diffraction for the first minimum
magnification has a length of 44 cm. The focal length of
the objective is due to Fraunhoffer diffraction with sources of light of
wavelength 550 nm and slit of width 0.55 mm?
(a) 440 cm (b) 44 cm (c) 40 cm (d) 4 cm
(a) 1 rad (b) 0.1 rad (c) 0.01 rad (d) 0.001 rad
20 The wavefront due to a source situated at infinity is
(a) spherical (b) cylindrical 31 Young’s double slit experiment is performed with light of
(c) planar (d) None of these wavelength 550 nm. The separation between the slits is
21 The refractive index of the material of an equilateral 1.10 mm and the screen is placed at a distance of 1m.
prism is 3, then the angle of minimum deviation of the What is the distance between the consecutive bright and
prism is dark fringes ?
(a) 30° (b) 45° (c) 60° (d) 75° (a) 0.5 mm (b) 1.0 mm
22 A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a (c) 1.5 mm (d) None of these
narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is 32 To produce an achromatic combination, a convex lens of
observed on a screen 1m away. It is observed that the focal length 42 cm and dispersive power 0.14 is placed
first minimum is at a distance of 2.5 mm from the centre in contact with a concave lens of dispersive power 0.21.
of the screen . Find the width of the slit. The focal length of the concave lens is
(a) 0.2 mm (b) 1.0 mm (c) 4.1 mm (d) 0.6 mm
(a) 21 cm (b) 42 cm (c) 63 cm (d) 84 cm
33 The focal length of a lens for red and violet colours are  A
42 If the refractive index of a glass prism is cot   and A is
16.4 cm and 16 cm. What is its dispersive power?  2
angle of prism, then angle of minimum deviation is
(a) 0.050 (b) 0.025 (c) 0.012 (d) 0.006
π π − A
(a)  − A (b)  2 π −  (c) 
A
34 A concave mirror of focal length 20cm produces an  (d) (π − 2A)
2   2  2 
image twice the size of the object. If the image is real,
then the distance of the object from the mirror is 43 If a convex lens of focal length 80 cm and a concave
lens of focal length 50 cm are combined together, what
(a) 10 cm (b) 20 cm (c) –30 cm (d) 60 cm
will be their resultant power?
35 The luminous efficiency of the lamp is 5 lm W −1. If the (a) + 0.65 D (b) − 0.65 D (c) + 075
. D (d) − 075
. D
luminous intensity of the lamp be 35 Cd, then power of
the lamp is 44 A convex lens forms a full image of the object on a screen.
(a) 28 W (b) 88 W (c) 112 W (d) 140 W If half of the lens is covered with an opaque object, then
(a) the image disappears (b) half of the image is seen
36 A ray of light passes through an equilateral prism, such
(c) full image is seen and of same intensity
that an angle of incidence is equal to the angle of (d) full image is seen and of decreased intensity
emergence and the latter is equal to 3/4 th the angle of
prism. The angle of deviation is 45 What is the focal length of a convex lens of focal length
30 cm in contact with a concave lens of focal length
(a) 45° (b) 39° (c) 20° (d) 30°
20 cm. Is the system a converging or a diverging lens?
37 One face AC of the glass prism is A (Ignore thickness of the lenses.)
silvered as shown and the principle
α (a) 60 cm, diverging (b) 40 cm, converging
section of the glass prism is an (c) 50 cm, converging (d) 40 cm, diverging
isosceles triangle ABC with Direction (Q. Nos. 46-50) In each of the following
AB = AC. The ∠BAC, if the ray β β questions a statement of Assertion is given followed by a
incident normally on the face AB and B C corresponding statement of Reason just below it. Of the
after two reflections, it emerges from the base BC, statements mark the correct answer as :
perpendicular to it, is (a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is
the correct explanation of the Assertion
(a) 70° (b) 36° (c) 72° (d) 44°
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is
38 A man having height 6 m, observes image of 2 m height not correct explanation of the Assertion
erect, then mirror used is (c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false
(a) concave (b) convex (d) If both Assertion and Reason are false
(c) plane (d) None of these 46 Assertion (A) The resolving power of a telescope is
39 A vessel consists of two more, if the diameter of the objective lens is more.
plane mirrors at right angle
Reason (R) Objective lens of large diameter collects
(as shown in the figure). The more light.
vessel is filled with water.
The total deviation in incident 47 Assertion (A) The focal length of the objective of the
telescope is larger than that of eyepiece.
ray is 90°
Reason (R) The resolving power of telescope increases
(a) 0° (b) 90° when the aperture of objective is small.
(c) 180° (d) None of these
48 Assertion (A) Convergent lens property of converging
40 An object is placed at a distance equal to focal length of remain same in all mediums.
convex mirror. If the focal length of the mirror be f, then
Reason (R) Property of lens whether the ray is diverging
the distance of the image from the pole of the mirror is or converging is independent of the surrounding
(a) less than f (b) equal to f (c) more than f (d) infinity medium.
41 If a ray light is incident on an P 49 Assertion (A) If Brewster’s angle be θ, then critical angle
equilateral glass prism PQR is sin−1(cot θ ).
placed on a horizontal table, 1
C Reason (R) The refractive index of medium µ = ,
then for the minimum deviation B D sin C
C being critical angle.
which of the following is true? A 50 Assertion (A) In Young’s double slit experiment
(a) AB is horizontal interference pattern disappear when one of the slits is
(b) CD is horizontal Q R closed.
(c) Either AB or CD is horizontal
(d) BC is horizontal Reason (R) Interference occurs due to superimposition of
light waves from two coherent sources.
 ANSWERS
1 (c) 2 (a) 3 (a) 4 (c) 5 (a) 6 (c) 7 (c) 8 (c) 9 (a) 10 (d)
11 (a) 12 (a) 13 (a) 14 (d) 15 (a) 16 (d) 17 (b) 18 (a) 19 (c) 20 (c)
21 (c) 22 (a) 23 (c) 24 (d) 25 (c) 26 (d) 27 (c) 28 (a) 29 (a) 30 (d)
31 (a) 32 (c) 33 (b) 34 (c) 35 (b) 36 (d) 37 (b) 38 (b) 39 (c) 40 (a)
41 (d) 42 (d) 43 (d) 44 (d) 45 (a) 46 (a) 47 (c) 48 (d) 49 (b) 50 (a)

Hints and Explanations

1 Sun is visible a little before the actual 7 Refractive index, µ = c = vλ v δ = (i1 + i2 ) − A
sunrise and until a little after the actual v vλ m
12 L1 r12 = L2 r22
sunset. This is due to refraction. λ
∴ λ m = v ⇒ λ m < λ v [Qµ = 1, given] L1 r12 4 × (2) 2
2 When final image is formed at least µ r22 = = =8
L2 2
distance of distinct vision, then the Hence, the wavelength decreases in
magnifying power second medium. So, option (c) is correct. or r2 = 8m = 2 2m
 D
= Mo ×  1 +  8 The ray QR will retrace its path,when 13 The propagation of ray takes place
 fe  perpendicular direction of wavefront.
∠ ARQ = 90° , ∠r = 30°
Here, m1 m2 = − 1
30 = Mo  1 +
25 ∴ ∠ AQR = 90° − 30° = 60°

 5 As, from Snell’s law, Here, m1 = slope of wavefront = − 1
Mo = 5 sin i = µ sin r = 2 sin 30° Q y = mx + c
1 1 m2 = slope of ray
3 Power of combination, P = P1 + P2 = 2× = ∴ m1 m2 = − 1
2 2
P = + 20 − 10 = + 10 D or (−1) m2 = − 1
A ∴ m2 = 1 or tanθ = 1 ⇒ θ = 45°
1 1 100
F = = m= cm = 10 cm D
P 10 10 14 β= λ
N' d
For final image at infinity
∆D
D 25 90° ∆β = λ
M = = = 2.5 Q 60° R d
F 10 i
30°=r d∆β 10−3 × 3 × 10−5
4 Interference phenomenon is shown by ∆D = =
P λ 600 × 10−9
both light and sound waves. N
= 5 cm away or towards the slits
5 Amplitude of the light emerging from B C
polariser = a/ 2 and that through 15 In displacement method, total
∴ ∠i = 45° magnification
analyser = (a/ 2 ) cos 45° = a / 2.
9 i p = ?, µ = 1.5
m= m1 m2 . Therefore, area of source
6 Angle of prism is given by tan i p = µ = 1.5
A = r1 + r2 = A1 A2 .
⇒ i p = tan −1 (1.5) = 563
. °
where, r1 is refraction angle on incident 16 Power of a lens is P = 1
face and r2 is angle of incidence on 10 For dark fringe, f
second face of prism. As refracted ray xd λ When f is in cm
= (2m − 1)
emerges normally from opposite D 2 100
P = D
surface, r2 = 0. f
d
∴ A = r1 Here, m = 5, x = Here, f1 = 80 cm and f2 = − 50 cm
2
100 100
µ =
sin i1 d d λ d2 ∴ P = − = − 0.75 D
Now, ∴ = (2 × 5 − 1) or = 9λ 80 50
sin r1 2D 2 D
2 I
If ∠i1 and ∠r1 are very small, then ∴ λ=
d 17 I = i cos 2 θ sin2 θ
9D 2
sin i1 ≈ i1 , sin r1 ≈ r1 2I 2 × 3 sin2 2θ
11 When refracting angle of a prism is Here, = =
i1 i Ii 32 4
∴ µ = = small (∠ 10° ), the deviation δ is
r1 A 3
calculated from the relation Hence, sin2θ =
∴ i = µA δ = (µ − 1) A. For prism with bigger 2
refracting angles, we use the relation i.e. θ = 30°
 P1 P2 24 It consists of very long and thin fibre of 30 Here, d sinθ = nλ . For n = 1
18 Here, =
r12 r22 quartz glass. λ
2
We find, sinθ =
P1  r1  Quartz (µ = 1.7) d
Hence, =   = (1 / 2) 2 = 0.25 550 × 10−9
P2  r2  A = = 10−3 rad = 0.001 rad
0.55 × 10−3
19 For an astronomical telescope. −9
Magnification, m =
fo B 31 ∴ β = λD = 550 × 10 −3× 1
fe Layer (µ = 1.5) d 1.1 × 10
Length of telescope tube L = fo + fe = 500 × 10−6 m ≅ 0.5 mm
Given, m = 10, L = 44 cm When a light ray is incident at one end
f2 ω2
fo A of fibre making a small angle of 32 Here, =
∴ = 10 and fo + fe = 44 incidence. It suffers multiple total f1 ω1
fe
internal reflections and finally, it 0.21
f i.e. f2 = × 42 = 63 cm
⇒ fe = o reaches the point B. 0.14
10
f 25 Angular limit of resolution of eye 33 Dispersive power,
So, fo + o = 44 Wavelength of light
10 = df 16.4 − 16 0.4
ω= = = = 0.025
11 fo Diameter of eye lens f 16 16
or = 44
10 λ
i.e. θ= …(i) 34 Given, f = – 20 cm, m = 2
or fo = 40 cm d
–v
20 The wavefront due to a source situated If y is the minimum resolution between As, m =
two objects at distance D from eye, then u
at infinity is planar.
v
θ=
y
…(ii) ∴ 2= or v = 2u
21 The refractive index of material of u
prism is D
1 1 1
A + δm  From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we have As, + =
sin 
 y λ λD u v f
2  = or y = …(iii)
µ = 1 1 1
A D d d ∴ + = ⇒ u = – 30 cm
sin Given, u 2u –20
2
where, A is the angle of prism and δ m λ = 5000 Å = 5 × 10−7 m, D = 50 m ,
35 φ = 4 π l = 4 π × 35 = 140 π lumen.
the angle of minimum deviation. d = 2 mm = 2 × 10−3 m φ
Also, η =
Given, µ = 3, A = 60° (for prism) On substituting in Eq. (iii), we get P
 60° + δ m  5 × 10−7 × 50 i.e. P =
φ 140 π
= ≈ 88 W
sin   y =
 2  2 × 10−3 η 5
Thus, 3=
sin 30° = 12.5 × 10−3 m = 1.25 cm 36 The following ray diagram shows the
 60° + δ m  1 angle of minimum deviation.
or sin   = × 3 26 Intensity of polarised light from first
 2  2
I
° + δ polariser = 0
sin  m
60 A
or  = sin 60° 2
 2  Intensity of polarised light from second
60° + δ m I I δm
or = 60° polariser = 0 cos 2 60° = 0
2 2 8 i i′
r r′
or δ m = 2 × 60° − 60° = 60° ∴Percentage of transmitted light of
(I / 8)
22 Here, λ = 500 nm = 500 × 10−9 m incident light = 0 × 100 = 12.5%
I0 B C
= 5 × 10−7 m, D = 1 m, n = 1, x = 2.5 mm
= 2.5 × 10−3 m, a = ? 27 Amplitude of the superimposing waves δm = i + i ′ − A
are a1 / a2 = (1 / 9)1 /2 = 1 / 3 3
x Given, i = A and i = i ′
The condition for minima is a = nλ 2 4
D  a1  3 3
 − 1 ∴ δm = A + A − A
n λ D 1 × 5 × 10−7 × 1 I minima (a − a2 ) 2  a2 
1
a= = = 1 = = 4 4
x 2.5 × 10−3 Imaxima (a1 + a2 ) 2 2 4 6A A
 a1  δm = − A ⇒ δm =
 + 1
= 2 × 10−4 m = 0.2 mm  2
a 
4 2
For equilateral prism A = 60°
Real depth 60°
23 Refractive index ( µ ) = 28 β = D λ. Here, D = 25 cm, d = 1 mm, ∴ δm = = 30°
Apparent depth d 2
Refractive index ( µ ) = 1.5 λ = 6000 Å. This gives β = 0.015 cm . 37 From figure,
Apparent depth = 2 + 5 = 7 cm α = 90° – A
29 For coherent sources amplitudes are
Real depth
1.5 = ⇒ A = 90° – α …(i)
So, added. Hence, I 0 ∝ ( A + A )2 = 4 A2 . For
7 and i = 90° – α …(ii)
incoherent sources intensity is added.
∴ Real depth = 1.5 × 7 = 10.5 cm From Eqs. (i) and (ii), We get
i.e. I ∝ ( A2 + A2 ) = 2 A2 . Hence, I 0 = 2I .
i = A …(iii)
 A
42 The refractive index ( µ ) of a prism of 45 Here, f1 = 30 cm, f2 = − 20 cm, f = ?
angle A, and minimum deviation δ m is 1 1 1
As, = +
given by f f1 f2
α  A + δm  1 1 1 2−3 1
i sin   ∴ = − = =−
 2 
i µ = f 30 20 60 60
sin A / 2
β f = − 60 cm
r ∴ The combination of lenses behaves as
A a concave lens. The system is diverging.
y y δm
90º
B C 46 Resolving power telescope is = a
1.22 λ
where, a is the diameter of objective
Again, from figure,
lens and λ is the wavelength of light
β = 90° – 2i C
B used. It is obvious that on increasing a,
β = 90° – 2 A [Q from Eq. (iii)] more light is collected by objective lens
or 2 A = 90° – β A and so, the image formed is more bright.
2A = γ …(iv) Given, µ = cot
2 Thus, resolving power telescope
Again, from figure, ( A + δm ) increases.
γ = 90° – β = γ = 2 A sin
A 2
∴ cot = 47 The magnifying power telescope in
∴ γ = 2A …(v) 2 sin( A / 2) fo
∴In ∆ABC, relaxed state is m =
A ( A + δm ) fe
A + B + C = 180° cos sin
⇒ 2 = 2
A + γ + γ = 180° sin( A / 2) sin( A / 2)
So, for high magnification, the focal
A + 2 A + 2 A = 180° ⇒ A = 36° length of objective length should be larger
A + δm 
= sin 
A
⇒ cos  than that of eyepiece.
38 The magnification of image is less than 2  2  d
1, so mirror used is convex. Resolving power of a telescope =
 + δ m 1.22 λ
∴ sin  90° −  = sin 
A A

39 The deviation produced by combination  2  2  For high resolving power, diameter (d )
of two plane mirrors is A A + δm of objective should be higher.
π ⇒ 90° − =
δ = 2 π − 2θ = 2 π − 2 × [θ = 90° ] 2 2 48 In air or water, a convex lens made of
2 ⇒ 180° − A = A + δ m glass behaves as a convergent lens but
⇒ δ = π = 180° ⇒ δ m = 180° − 2 A = π − 2 A when it is placed is carbon disulphide,
Hence, total deviation in incidnet ray is it behaves as a divergent lens.
180° 43 Combined focal length
1 1 1 Therefore, when a convergent lens is
= + placed inside a transparent medium of
f f1 f2
refractive index greater than that of
Given, f1 = 80 cm, f2 = − 50 cm material of lens, it behaves as a
(concave) divergent lens.
1 1 1
∴ = − It simply concludes that property of a
f 80 50
lens whether the ray is diverging or
90° 30
=− converging depends on the surrounding
4000 medium.
40 Image formed by convex mirror as 1 – 30 × 100
∴ P = = 49 According to Brewster’s law
shown in figure. f 4000
µ = tan θ …(i)
−3
= = − 075
. D where, µ is the refractive index of
4
medium and tanθ is the tangent of the
A 44 The various rays from the object, after angle of polarisation
refraction through different parts of the 1
µ = tan θ = …(ii)
A′ lens, will still converges at the point, cot θ
only their number will be less. When 1
Also, we know that, µ = …(iii)
B F C
half the lens is covered with an opaque sinC
B′
f f object. Hence, still the full image of the From Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get
object is obtained but its intensity will 1 1
be less. = and sin C = cot θ
sin C cot θ
−1
Object (Half lens covered) C = sin (cot θ)
41 For minimum deviation the refracted
ray passes parallel to the base of the 50 Both Assertion and Reason are true and
Image Reason is correct explanation.
prism. Hence, BC is horizontal.