CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN PE AND SPORTS MODULE 2

VIOLENCE IN
SPORTS
PRESENTED BY: FELISILDA, JHON PAUL
LESSON OBJECTIVES:
Defined sports violence using graphic
organizer.
Analyze different acts of violence using
picture and statement analysis.
INTRODUCTION

Sports violence can be defined as behavior which

causes harm, occurs outside of the rules of the
sport, and is unrelated to the competitive objectives
of the sport.
AGGRESSION FORM

Leonard identifies that there are two (2) forms of

aggression in sports, namely:
(1) Instrumental Aggression; and
(2) Reactive Aggression.
AGGRESSION FORM

(1) Instrumental aggression is non-emotional

and task-oriented.
(2) Reactive aggression has an underlying
emotional component, with harm as its goal.
Violence is an outcome of reactive aggression.
SPORTS VIOLENCE

An increase in both frequency and seriousness of

acts of violence has been well documented.
Violence is most prevalent in team contact
sports, such as ice hockey, football, and
rugby.
SPORTS VIOLENCE

Most occurrences of violence emanate from

players, and others including coaches, parents,
fans, and the media, also contribute to what has
been described as an epidemic of violence in sports
today.
SPORTS VIOLENCE

Spectators take cues from players, coaches,

cheerleaders, and one another. Spectators often
derive a sense of social identity and self-esteem
from a team. Emulation of favorite players is an
element of this identification.
SPORTS VIOLENCE

Mass media also contribute to the acceptability

of sports and affords ample exposure to sports-
related violence through television, magazines,
newspapers, and radio, thus providing numerous
examples to children who may imitate such
behavior.
SPORTS VIOLENCE

On the other hand, the exposure given to sports

violence by the media has stimulated increased
efforts to control and prevent such behavior.
 ABSTRACTION
Ethics and deviance sport and physical activity can be
affected by poor sportsmanship and ethics.
Unethical behaviour includes the use of performance
enhancing drugs. Deviance is any unacceptable behaviour
that differs from the perceived social and legal norms.
 ABSTRACTION
Violence in Sport Controlled aggression is a
fundamental part of many sports. Sometimes,
however, this spills over into uncontrolled
situations where serious physical injury can be
caused.
Violence in Sport Violent behaviour can be caused by
the following reasons:

PRESSURES

PRESSURES OF THE MEDIA OR INFLUENCES OF

SOCIAL MEDIA.

FRUSTRATION AS A RESULT OF LOSING .

SPONSORSHIP DEALS.
Violence in Sport Violent behaviour can be caused by
the following reasons:

PRESSURE FROM SPECTATORS / TAUNTING FROM

CROWD OPPONENTS.

RIVALRIES BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS, TEAMS, NATIONS

OR RELIGIONS.
VIOLENCE IN SPORTS

As physical Over arousal

retaliation Over violence in during the game,
or as a reaction sport. annoyed by poor
to a challenge or decisions by
tackle. official.
VIOLENCE IN SPORTS

To gain advantage
or to hurt your
opponent- As a result of
controlled the influence of
aggression may drugs.
be required for
effective play.
Consequences and implications of violence Spectators and
followers of certain sports have been known to display acts of
violence and even hooliganism. Implications to the sport:

Reputation – a sport can become known for violence and

may affect young people taking it up.
Global brand damage – regular violence associated to a
sport will affect future sponsorship and investment
opportunities.
Consequences and implications of violence for performers
are also important to consider. Acts of aggression and
violence can result in acute or career ending injuries.
To combat violence in sport, it is important to educate
performers on controlling their emotions and raise
awareness of their responsibility as a role model.
STRATEGIES TO
PREVENT VIOLENCE
THERE A NUMBER OF WAYS TO REDUCE VIOLENCE IN SPORT:

1. Education/training: Performers should be trained to deal

with stress and emotional control through management
techniques. In addition, players must be made aware of how
behaviors’ can be copied by those watching.

2. Fair play campaigns: Many governing bodies have

introduced fair play programmes and every year nominate
teams for fair play awards.
THERE A NUMBER OF WAYS TO REDUCE VIOLENCE IN SPORT:

3. Stricter punishments by referees and the sport: Match

officials and governing bodies have increased punishments for
violent acts and have the power to deal with incidents
retrospectively.The threat of such actions is often enough to
deter athletes.

4. Improved refereeing: Effective officiating is a strategy to

avoid confrontation and violence. Many good referees will
defuse a potential situation before it arises.
THERE A NUMBER OF WAYS TO REDUCE VIOLENCE IN SPORT:

5. Law enforcements and CCTV: The football Disorder Act

(2000) allows the police to arrest people identified as
potential troublemakers. This act prevents them from travelling
abroad.
Similar banning orders have been issued to known hooligans.
Sophisticated police surveillance helps prevent spectator
violence or can be used to track down offenders.
THERE A NUMBER OF WAYS TO REDUCE VIOLENCE IN SPORT:

6. Responsible media reporting the media (TV, radio,

newspaper & internet) and social media outlets have a duty to
report and highlight both positive and negative acts of violence
in the right way.