11.

Graphical Symbols
Connections and network elem
ents

+ Y

cell battery ˜ B
(long +ve) - N
d.c. supply a.c. supply n conductors screened
conductor

screen crossing junctions common antenna earth

in out

frame fuse microphone loudspeaker one-port two-port

symbol in 1
envelope: A Z or x=0
ammeter 2
V
voltmeter
W wattmeter
indicating etc. general impedance resistor non-reactive U (or V) non-linear
movement (1 prefered)

1
or
±θ 2

thermistor † moving contact general impedance

variable tapping capacitor
(1 prefered)

+ + +

or or

pre-set polarised signal ideal voltage ideal current source †

e.g. electrolytic path source †

† Not in BS
but in
common
use

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 1

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).
 signal oscillator

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 2

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).
Power plant
Transformers:

if desired, core shown

or or or by single line annotated
to indicate material

2-wdg 3-wdg auto current or pulse

Machines:

descriptive symbols in envelope:

G (generator), M (motor), G d.c.,
M a.c.
S (synchronous), GS, MS
linear M stepping M wdgs M starter
-
/ d.c.
{ ~/- rectifier
-

or
/~ inverter
-

etc.
choke reactor circuit-breaker isolator gap bridge rectifier converter

Electronic devices
Amplifiers:

general operational parametric integrating inverting

Diodes:

general breakdown diode, photo-diode light emitting diode tunnel diode varactor
Esaki diode

Thyristors:

triode triac reverse blocking n-gate triode thyristor p-gate

thyristor (type
unspecified)

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 3

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).
Electronic devices (continued)
Cells:

photo-conductive device photo-voltaic

Transistors:

(for p-type arrows

are reversed)

npn transistor JUGFET IGFET † IGFET † unijunction

n-channel n-channel n-channel transistor with
enhancement depletion n-type base

(use of the envelope symbol is optional unless there is a connection to it)

† with substrate connection brought out

Logic symbols

BS 3939 (1991) f f ST
† xy f xy x 5 ns
z z y

≥1 =1 5 ns
&

AND element Or element EX CL

OR delay element Schmitt trigger
(5 ns)
† Not in BS but in common use

input output input output

logic negation logic polarity dynamic input

S G ROM *
asterisk: asterisk:
*
indicates no. ∑ adder
R of addresses P-Q subtractor
and bits π multiplier
RS-bistable astable element monostable memories: arithmetic
ALU arithmetic
ROM; PROM; elements
logic unit
RAM; CAM

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 4

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).
Logic symbols (continued)

SRGm CTRm m1 DPV MUX DX

*
m

shift register counter display

2
unit multiplexer demultiplexer

Optic fibre symbols

a/b/c/d

optical fibre multimode stepped single mode graded a core diameter permanent joint
optical fibre cable index optical stepped index b cladding "
fibre index optical optical fibre c first coating "
fibre d jacketing "

dB

optical connection female-

optical attenuator changeover contact
male
in optical fibre
circuit

guided light devices

Telecommunication symbols

general
in out low pass
dB dB high pass
band
carrier pass band
stop
general symbol for: fixed loss attenuator variable loss attenuator distortion corrector filter
modulator,
demodulator,
discriminator

f1/f2 freq. chgr.

{
f /(f/n) freq. asterisk
div. f /nf freq. * artificial line
mult. delay line
25/2 7 code conv. etc
general symbol for charger balancing network hybrid transformer delay line
asterisk
G sine wave
saw
* tooth
pulse
variable frequency

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 5

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).
Logic symbols (continued)
piezo-electric circuit threshold generator

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 6

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).
Microwave devices

rectangular flexible twisted rectangular coaxial taper

or

stripline short-circuit sliding short-circuit non-contacting matched termination

3 conductors piston
λ
λ 4 λ
4 4

3λ
4
three-port junction four-port junction hybrid ring three-port circulator directional coupler quadrature coupler

G
Φ

isolator phase changer T-R tube cavity resonator maser amplifier laser generator
(directional)

Flowchart symbols

connector terminal / process decision data direct access on-line sequential

interrupt storage storage access
storage

stored data internal preparation predefined manual auxiliary merge extract

storage process operation operation

control loop limit collate sort document display manual input

transfer

off-line magnetic disk

storage

Units & Symbols for Electrical & Electronic Engineering 7

© The IET 2016
(The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales (no 211014) and Scotland (no
SC038698).