Module5 Notes

Creating arrays, arithmetic, indexing, slicing

Numerical Python- library

1. How do you create a Numpy array?

Import numpy as np
Arr1=np.array([1,2,3,4])
Print(arr1)

Ans: [1,2,3,4,5]

You can create array of integers, float, complex numbers

 Type(arr1) gives you

To create an ndarray, we can pass a list, tuple or any array-like object

into the array() method, and it will be converted into an ndarray:

The above array [1,2,3,4,5] is considered as 1-D array.

2. How to create 2D array?

An array that has 1-D arrays as its elements is called a 2-D array.

import numpy as np
arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
print(arr)

Ans: [[1 2 3]
[4 5 6]]

3. 3 D array?
arr = np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]])

Here, the elements are 2 D arrays

 4. How do you check dimension of an array?

Ans: 0, 1, 2, 3

5. Difference between python lists and Numpy array?

-List can contain any data type, Array contains only one data type values.
- Arrays are faster than lists
- Array consumes less memory, convenient to use

6. What are attributes of array?

Dtype ( specifies data type), ndim ( dimension of array), shape

The shape of an array is a tuple of non-negative integers that specify the sizes of each
dimension.
 6. How to access array elements?
- By indexing

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4])

print(arr[0]) Ans: 1

7. How to access element in 2 D array?

arr = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5], [6,7,8,9,10]])

print('2nd element on 1st row: ', arr[0, 1])

8. How to access element in second row fifth column?
arr = np.array([[1,2,3,4,5], [6,7,8,9,10]])

print('5th element on 2nd row: ', arr[1, 4])

Ans:10
9, How to do array slicing?

Same as list slicing

9. How do you convert a list into Numpy array?

10. How to create special arrays?
1. Array of zeros
A1= np.zeros((2,3))

2. Array of ones
A1=np.ones((2,3))
3. How to create identity matrix?
 4. Constant array of size 4x4 with full elements 5
Np.full((4,4),5)
11. What is use of arange()?

1.

Ans:

12. How to create arrays of random numbers?

a. from numpy import random
x = random.randint(100)
print(x)

Ans: 37 ( Any random integer <100)

b. If you want a float number, use random.rand(100)
c. Generate a 1-D array containing 5 random integers from 0 to 100:
x=random.randint(100, size=(5))
Ans: [31 90 41 86 63]
d. Generate a 2-D array with 3 rows, each row containing 5 random
integers from 0 to 100:

x = random.randint(100, size=(3, 5))

Ans: [[90 99 11 30 34]

[66 40 63 36 37]
 [63 35 89 51 58]]

e. Create 1D array with 5 random values from a standard normal distribution

X=np.random.randn(5)
( Means values range b/n -1 and +1)

13. What is reshape()?

14. How to sort elements in an array?

15. What are the methods of os and sys module?

16. Write a program to read the contents of a file and display it.
17.file = open('myfile.txt', 'r')
18. content = file.read()
19. print(content)
20. file.close()

17. Program to open an existing file, write one more line into it, display.
file = open('myfile.txt', 'a')
file.write('
New line of text')
file.close()
f1=open (‘myfile.txt’, r)

con= f1.read()

print(con)

21. Write a program to create a text file. Read the contents, convert into uppercase letters, write
into another file. Display its contents too..
22. What are different modes for opening a file?
R  opening a file for reading
w-> opening a file for writing only ( existing contents will be lost)
a opening a file for writing ( at the end of existing content) – append