RESEARCHER’S TEST

1. What event took place on March 27th in the case of Dhruv and Tara?
- A. Tara filed for divorce.
- B. Dhruv left for his parents’ house.
- C. Dhruv initiated divorce proceedings.
- D. Tara received a job offer in the city.
Answer: B. Dhruv left for his parents’ house.
Explanation: On March 27th, Dhruv abruptly left for his parents’ house in the case.

2. Who informed Tara about the intimate videos recorded by Dhruv?

- A. Maricha
- B. Vimal
- C. Tara’s family
- D. Marisha
Answer: D. Marisha
Explanation: Marisha, one of Dhruv’s previous girlfriends, informed Tara about the intimate videos.

3. What was the result of the court’s ruling in 2021 regarding Tara’s job relocation?
- A. It favored Dhruv’s opposition.
- B. It favored Tara’s decision.
- C. It ordered Tara to stay in Dhanpur.
- D. It granted Dhruv custody of Vimal.
Answer: B. It favored Tara’s decision.
Explanation: The court’s ruling in 2021 favored Tara’s decision to relocate for the betterment of her child’s
future.

4. On what grounds did Tara file complaints against Dhruv in July 2021?
- A. Child custody
- B. Divorce proceedings
- C. Cruelty, domestic violence, and child maintenance
- D. Dhruv’s property dispute
Answer: C. Cruelty, domestic violence, and child maintenance
Explanation: Tara filed complaints against Dhruv, including charges of cruelty, domestic violence, and
child maintenance.

5. Under which legal provision did Tara initiate divorce proceedings?

- A. Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
- B. Special Marriage Act, 1954
- C. Indian Divorce Act, 1869
- D. Indian Penal Code, 1860
Answer: A. Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
Explanation: Tara initiated divorce proceedings under the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955.

6. In the context of privacy laws, which provision addresses the unauthorized recording and distribution of intimate
videos?
- A. Section 375 IPC
- B. Section 376 IPC
- C. Section 354A IPC
- D. Section 66E IT Act
Answer: D. Section 66E IT Act
Explanation: Section 66E of the Information Technology Act addresses voyeurism and unauthorized
recording and distribution of intimate videos.

7. What legal provision defines the concept of “maintenance” in Indian family law?
 - A. Section 498-A IPC
- B. Section 24 of Hindu Marriage Act
- C. Section 377 IPC
- D. Section 304-B IPC
Answer: B. Section 24 of Hindu Marriage Act
Explanation: Section 24 of the Hindu Marriage Act defines the concept of “maintenance.”

8. Under which legal provision can charges of domestic violence be filed in India?
- A. Section 375 IPC
- B. Section 498-A IPC
- C. Section 377 IPC
- D. Section 376 IPC
Answer: B. Section 498-A IPC
Explanation: Charges of domestic violence can be filed under Section 498-A of the Indian Penal Code.

9. Which legal provision deals with child custody and visitation rights in India?
- A. Section 25 of Hindu Marriage Act
- B. Section 376 IPC
- C. Section 497 IPC
- D. Section 504 IPC
Answer: A. Section 25 of Hindu Marriage Act
Explanation: Child custody and visitation rights are addressed under Section 25 of the Hindu Marriage
Act.

10. In a criminal case of voyeurism, which section of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) is invoked?
- A. Section 354E IPC
- B. Section 354C IPC
- C. Section 326D IPC
- D. Section 354A IPC
Answer: B. Section 354C IPC
Explanation: Section 354 (C) IPC deals with criminal assault or use of criminal force to outrage the
modesty of a woman, which may relate to voyeurism.

11. In the case of relocation for the betterment of a child’s future, which legal principle is typically applied?
- A. The doctrine of promissory estoppel
- B. The principle of res judicata
- C. The best interests of the child
- D. The doctrine of unjust enrichment
Answer: C. The best interests of the child
EXPLANATION: When deciding child relocation cases, the court usually applies the principle of the best
interests of the child.

12. Concerning Marisha’s allegations against Dhruv, which Indian legal case is pertinent to the protection of an
individual’s privacy and dignity, particularly in cases involving intimate videos without consent?
A) Vishakha v. State of Rajasthan (1997)
B) State of Delhi v. Dhruv (2013)
C) State of Karnataka v. L. Muniswamy (1977)
D) AIR 1999 SC 321
Answer: B) State of Delhi v. Dhruv (2013)
Explanation: State of Delhi v. Dhruv (2013) is a relevant case for understanding the protection of privacy
and dignity, especially in cases involving intimate videos without consent.

13. Which famous case is pivotal for understanding the guidelines for quashing FIRs when there is an unreasonable
delay and the FIR doesn’t disclose a prima facie case?
A. Kusum Ingots vs. Union of India (2004)
 B. State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal (1992)
C. Rupan Deol Bajaj vs. Kanwar Pal Singh Gill (1995)
D. Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India (1978)
Answer: B. State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal (1992)
Explanation: The Bhajan Lal case provides guidelines for quashing FIRs in cases where there is an
unreasonable delay and the FIR doesn’t disclose a prima facie case.

14. In which case did the Supreme Court clarify the legal requirements for substantiating a charge of rape with
credible evidence?
A. Gaurav Nagpal vs. Sumedha Nagpal (2009)
B. State of Punjab v. Major Singh (1967)
C. Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan (1997)
D. Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)
Answer: B. State of Punjab v. Major Singh (1967)
Explanation: The State of Punjab v. Major Singh case clarified the legal requirements for substantiating a
charge of rape with credible evidence.

15. Which case provided guidelines for quashing FIRs if there is an unreasonable delay in filing and the FIR doesn’t
disclose a prima facie case?
A. Kusum Ingots vs. Union of India (2004)
B. Rupan Deol Bajaj vs. Kanwar Pal Singh Gill (1995)
C. Gaurav Nagpal vs. Sumedha Nagpal (2009)
D. Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan (1997)
Answer: B. Rupan Deol Bajaj vs. Kanwar Pal Singh Gill (1995)
Explanation: The Rupan Deol Bajaj case is known for guidelines related to quashing FIRs.

16. In the context of the given proposition, which landmark case deals with issues of privacy and personal liberty?
A. Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973)
B. Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India (1978)
C. Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)
D. Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan (1997)
Answer: B. Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India (1978)
Explanation: The Maneka Gandhi case is significant for issues related to privacy and personal liberty,
which are relevant to the given proposition.

17. In the context of the proposition, which case laid down guidelines for child custody and relocation matters,
emphasizing the child’s welfare?
A. Kusum Ingots vs. Union of India (2004)
B. Gaurav Nagpal vs. Sumedha Nagpal (2009)
C. State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal (1992)
D. Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985)
Answer: B. Gaurav Nagpal vs. Sumedha Nagpal (2009)
Explanation: Gaurav Nagpal case deals with child custody and relocation matters, emphasizing the welfare
of the child, which is relevant to the proposition.

18. In the context of the proposition, which case clarified the legal requirements for substantiating a charge of rape
with credible evidence?
A. Gaurav Nagpal vs. Sumedha Nagpal (2009)
B. State of Punjab v. Major Singh (1967)
C. Vishaka vs. State of Rajasthan (1997)
D. Minerva Mills Ltd. Vs. Union of India (1980)
Answer: B. State of Punjab v. Major Singh (1967)
Explanation: The State of Punjab v. Major Singh case clarified the legal requirements for substantiating a
charge of rape with credible evidence, which is relevant to the proposition.
19. In the context of the proposition, which legal provision deals with the dissolution of a Hindu marriage by a decree
of divorce?
A. Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
B. Article 32 of the Indian Constitution
C. Section 376 of the Indian Penal Code
D. Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
Answer: A. Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
Explanation: Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, deals with the dissolution of a Hindu marriage
by a decree of divorce.

20. Which legal provision allows a person to seek maintenance in cases of divorce or separation in India?
A. Article 21 of the Indian Constitution
B. Section 420 of the Indian Penal Code
C. Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
D. Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code
Answer: C. Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
Explanation: Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure allows a person to seek maintenance in cases
of divorce or separation in India.

21. Under which legal provision in India can a person file a complaint against domestic violence and seek protection
orders, residence orders, and monetary relief?
A. Article 32 of the Indian Constitution
B. Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code
C. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
D. Section 144 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
Answer: C. The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
Explanation: The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005, provides legal provisions for
filing complaints against domestic violence and seeking protection orders, residence orders, and monetary
relief.

22. Which legal provision in India allows for the consolidation of multiple legal matters and cases into a single
proceeding?
A. Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code
B. Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
C. Section 397 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
D. Article 32 of the Indian Constitution
Answer: C. Section 397 of the Code of Criminal Procedure
Explanation: Section 397 of the Code of Criminal Procedure allows for the consolidation of multiple legal
matters and cases into a single proceeding.

23. Regarding ‘reasonableness of doubt’ in which of the following case the Supreme Court indicated: “That the con-
science of the Court can never be bound by any rule but that is coming itself dictates the consciousness and pru -
dent exercise of the judgement. Reasonable doubt is simply that degree of doubt which would permit a reasonable
and just man to come to conclusion. Reasonableness of the doubt be commensurate with the nature of the offence
to be investigated____ Letting guilty is not doing justice, according to the law”
A. Gurbachan Singh v. Satpal Singh (1990)
B. Nagar Swasthya Adhikari v. Kishan Singh (1969)
C. Ashrubindu Ray v. Chittaranjan Banerjee (1978)
D. None of them
Ans: A

24. Which is the landmark case among the following that establishes important legal principles and guidelines relating
to voyeurism in India:
(a) Barendra Kumar Ghosh v. King Emperor
(b) Mahboob Shah v. King Emperor
(c) State v. Shailesh
 (d) Rishi Deo Pandey v. State of U.P.
Ans: C

25. What could be the appropriate suggestive measure to combat voyeurism?

A. Counselling
B. Public Awareness and Periodic scrutiny
C. Government should raise funds
D. Organising camps for male students.
Ans: B

26. What specific laws govern the protection of privacy and consent in India, especially related to the recording and
dissemination of intimate videos without consent?
A. Indian Penal Code, 1860
B. Consumer Protection Act, 2019
C.The Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act, 2013
D. All of the above
Ans: A

27. While taking a decision regarding custody or other issues pertaining to a child, “welfare of the child” is of
paramount consideration, this was held in which of the follwing case?
A. Sheoli Hati v. Somnath Das
B. Saraswatibai Shripad Vad v. Shripad Vasanji Vad
C.Rosy Jacob v. Jacob A. Chakramakkal
D. R v. Jarvis
Ans: A

28. Section 26 of Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 provides:

A. Custody of minor children
B. Adoption
C. Inheritance
D. Right in mothers womb.
Ans : A

29. Which of the following is NOT relevant as far as the Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act is
concerned?
a) Workplace
b) Monetary relief
c) Protection order
d) Physical abuse
Ans: Workplace

30. ‘A’ has married 'B' and cohabits 1/1 with her by concealing the fact that he has a living spouse X whom he did not
give divorce. A has committed?
A. Adultery with B
B. Rape with B
C. Sodomy with B
D. None of the above
Ans: B
Rationale: Sexual intercourse with a wife whose marriage with him is void as he was already married and
had a spouse living but this fact was concealed by the husband from second wife amounts to rape.

31. What was the most disturbing revelation for tara in 2013?
A. Marisha informed Tara that only reason she agreed to get intimate with Dhruv as he promised to marry her.
B. Dhruv started coming home late, often in a drunken state, and distanced
himself from Tara and their son.
C. Dhruv had secretly recorded her intimate videos without her consent and had, allegedly, posted them on a
website.
 D. Dhruv abruptly left
for his parents' house and never returned.
Ans: C

32. Suppose a woman files a complaint under Section 498A against her husband’s relatives for subjecting her to
cruelty. What measures can the court take to ensure her safety during the legal proceedings?
a) Issue a restraining order against the accused relatives.
b) Provide financial compensation to the woman as interim relief.
c) Offer counseling services to reconcile the couple’s differences.
d) Grant the accused relatives custody of any minor children involved.
Ans: A

33. Assuming Seema had been married to a third man named Suresh. Would Anil still be liable for rape?
a) No because a married woman cannot be raped under IPC
b) No because the act was consensual
c) Yes because martial status has no bearing on the liability of rape
d) Both A and B.
Ans: C

34. Autrefois convict means:

A. No person can be punished twice for the same offence.
B. One who repeats the same offence can be punished twice.
C.Neither (a) nor (b)
D. Automatically Convict on the basis of Presumption of Law.
Ans: A
Rationale:- Fundamental right which is guaranteed under Article 20(2) of Constitution of India
incorporates the principles of “autrefois convict” or Double jeopardy which means that person must not be
punished twice for the offence. Doctrine against Double Jeopardy embodies in English common law’s
maxim ‘nemo debet bis vexari, si constat curice quod sit pro una iti eadem causa” (no man shall be
punished twice, if it appears to the court that it is for one and the same cause). It also follows the “audi
alterum partem rule” which means that no person can be punished for the same offence more than ones.
And if a person is punished twice for the same offence it is termed Double jeopardy.

35. From which amendment did section 498A of the Indian Penal Code arose?
A. 42nd amendment
B. 44th amendment
C. 4th amendment
D. 2nd amendment
Ans. D

36. Which of the following is not a case of child rights violation?

A. Child marriage arranged by parents
B. Child who worked in hotel
C. Child forced to go to school by parents
D. Abortion of female fetus, separate from legal methods
E. None of the above/More than one of the above.
Ans: Option c : Child forced to go to school by parents

37. IPC Section 354 D is related to which of the following?

A. Assault or use of criminal force to woman with intent to disrobe
B. Stalking
C. Sexual harassment and punishment for sexual harassment
D. Voyeurism
Answer: B. Stalking

38. Article 136 of the Indian Constitution grants the Supreme Court the power to:
 A. Hear all cases filed in India
B. Hear appeals on criminal cases
C. Grant special leave to appeal
Ans. C

39. In which situations can a person or entity seek special leave to appeal under Article 136?
A. Only in civil cases
B. Only in criminal cases
C. In any case, except military matters
Ans. C

40. How many judges of the Supreme Court usually sit together to hear cases under Article 136?
A. 2 judges
B. 3 judges
C. 5 judges
D. 7 judges
Ans. C

41. Who has the authority to grant special leave to appeal as per Article 136?
A. The President of India
B. The Chief Justice of India
C. The Prime Minister of India
Ans. B

42. Who is the current Chief Justice of India?

A. N. V. Ramana
B. U. U. Lalit
C. Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud
D. Sharad Arvind Bobde
Ans. C

43. The current Chief Justice of India was appointed on ------- as the ---- CJI.
A. 18th nov. 2022, 49th
B. 9th nov. 2021, 49th
C. 18th nov. 2021, 50th
D. 9th nov. 2022, 50th
Ans. D

44. Under Article 136, what is the significance of the "substantial question of law"?
A. It determines the guilt or innocence of the accused
B. It is the basis for granting special leave to appeal
C. It refers to the length of the trial

45. What is the primary purpose of Article 136 in the Indian Constitution?
A. To review decisions of lower courts
B. To provide equal justice for all
C. To establish local courts

46. Which article in the Indian Constitution complements Article 136 by outlining the jurisdiction of the Supreme
Court?
A. Article 137
B. Article 138
C. Article 139
47. What is the typical threshold for granting special leave to appeal under Article 136?
A. A simple majority of Supreme Court judges
B. A unanimous decision of the Supreme Court
 C. A two-thirds majority of Supreme Court judges

48. What recourse is available to a litigant if their special leave to appeal is denied under Article 136?
A. They can file a fresh case in the lower court
B. They can request a review by a higher court
C. They have no further legal recourse within the Indian judicial system

49. What is the primary purpose of Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code?
A. To address dowry-related harassment
B. To define punishment for adultery
C. To regulate child custody

50. Section 498A specifically addresses cruelty towards:

A. Husbands
B. Wives
C. Children

51. What does the term "cruelty" encompass under Section 498A?
A. Physical harm only
B. Physical and mental cruelty
C. Verbal abuse only

52. Which category of relatives can be charged under Section 498A for cruelty towards a woman?
A. All relatives
B. Only in-laws
C. Only immediate family members

53. What is the punishment for those found guilty of cruelty under Section 498A?
A. Fine only
B. Imprisonment and fine
C. Community service

54. Who can file a complaint under Section 498A?

A. The husband and his relatives
B. Only the wife or her family
C. Any concerned citizen

55. Under Section 498A, what is the burden of proof on the accused party?
A. They must prove their innocence
B. The burden of proof is on the complainant
C. Both parties share the burden of proof

56. How does Section 498A aim to protect the rights of married women?
A. By granting them divorce
B. By offering financial compensation
C. By providing legal recourse in cases of cruelty

57. If a false complaint is filed under Section 498A, what legal action can be taken against the complainant?
A. No legal action is possible
B. They can be fined for defamation
C. They can face imprisonment for perjury