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2002
Published by Navneet Education Limited, Dantali, Gujarat.
Printed by Navneet Education Limited, Dantali, Gujarat. CTP
(11-10-2018)

2
 We have great pleasure in introducing the ‘Navneet Golden
Mathematics’ – a series of 7 books (KG 1, KG 2 and Books 1 to 5). While
preparing the books in this series, we have kept in mind the NCERT
syllabus as well as the guidelines provided.

Mathematics is a vibrant and vital subject which is very much

related to our everyday life. Proficiency in Mathematics is bound to stand
a person in good stead at all stages of life.

This series is carefully prepared with the CBSE recommended NCF

2005. Each concept in Mathematics is well explained and supported by
apt examples. Enough exercises are given for thorough practice in each
concept. Moreover, the questions under ‘Mental Maths’ makes the concepts
complete in itself. Assignments, Activities, Practicals and Projects have
been incorporated at proper places. Fun time activities, Games, etc. are
added to make learning enjoyable.
In these books, we have emphasized on concept assimilation, which
is the core of the subject. The examples from the world around the
student helps him/her to relate to the subject easily. The presentation is
so learner-friendly that the student learns with the least effort. Extensive
use of colourful pictures catch the attention and retain the interest of the
young learners. Logical development and presentation helps the learner
to correlate the contents of different topics.
We are confident that the books in the series ‘Navneet Golden
Mathematics’ will prove to be of immense use to the teachers, students
and the parents. Feedback from the teaching fraternity would be highly
appreciated.

– The Publishers

© All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied, adapted, abridged or translated, stored in any retrieval
system, computer system, photographic or other system or transmitted in any form or by any means without a prior
written permission of the copyright holders, M/s. Navneet Education Limited. Any breach will entail legal action and
prosecution without further notice.

3
 CONTENTS

Page No.

1. Numbers … 5

2. Basic Operations on Numbers … 24

3. Factors, Multiples, HCF and LCM … 46

4. Fractions … 72

5. Decimals … 97

6. Basic Operations on Decimals … 109

7. Percentage … 124

8. Average … 136

9. Money Transactions … 141

10. Introduction to Algebra … 155

11. Geometry … 164

12. Measurements … 188

13. Area and Volume … 202

• Answers … 216

4
1. NUMBERS

1. Position of the digit 0 (zero) in a number

2. Dealing with large numbers
3. Place value, Face value and Expanded form
4. Comparing numbers
5. Ascending order and Descending order
6. To form the greatest number and the smallest number using the given digits
7. Counting in thousands, lakhs and crores
8. Rounding off numbers
9. Roman numerals

1. Write the predecessor and the successor of the following numbers :

(1) 1,239

(2) 16,701

(3) 1,29,346

(4) 23,47,827

2. Write the proper sign 9 or : between the numbers :

(1) 3,7655 13,245 (2) 47,832 38,702

(3) 34,711 34,621 (4) 58,331 58,364

3. Write the place value of the circled digit in the following numbers :
(1) 3 5 ,629 ------------------------------------ (2) 8,79,1 2 5 ------------------------------------

(3) 2,3 0 8 ------------------------------------ (4) 4 3 ,60,552 ------------------------------------

1. NUMBERS 5
4. Write the numbers in ascending order :

(1) 7,867; 3,269; 3,258 : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(2) 14,830; 5,51,298; 3,985 : ----------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------------------------------------------------

(3) 13,34,567; 3,42,189; 4,32,198 : ---- --------------------- --------- ------------------------- --------- --------------------- --------- ------

(4) 4,34,829; 4,43,289; 4,24,829 : ---- --------------------- --------- ------------------------- --------- --------------------- --------- ------

5. Write the numbers in descending order :

(1) 5,420; 4,746; 5,532 : ---- --------------------- --------- ------------------------- --------- --------------------- --------- ------

(2) 9,85,672; 712; 3,654 : ---- --------------------- --------- ------------------------- --------- --------------------- --------- ------

(3) 4,32,571; 3,42,571; 5,41,237 : ---- --------------------- --------- ------------------------- --------- --------------------- --------- ------

(4) 8,95,245; 9,25,457; 8,59,245 : ---- --------------------- --------- ------------------------- --------- --------------------- --------- ------

6. Form the greatest and the smallest 5-digit numbers using each of the given digits only once :

Digits Greatest number Smallest number

(1) 3, 6, 2, 9, 0

(2) 2, 3, 7, 5, 1

(3) 8, 0, 1, 3, 7

7. Add or subtract orally and write the answers :

(1) 3,65,925 ; 2,000 : ------- --------------- -------------------------

(2) 66,984 9 50,000 : ------- --------------- -------------------------

(3) 89,129 ; 1,000 : ------- --------------- -------------------------

(4) 72,596 9 5,000 : ------- --------------- -------------------------

8. Round off the following numbers as indicated :

To the nearest To the nearest To the nearest
Number
ten hundred thousand

(1) 78,646

(2) 8,567

(3) 2,341

6 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

1. Position of the digit 0 (zero) in a number

The zero (0) is a unique invention.

Any number of zeros placed just before a number, do not change the value of the number.
e.g. 225, 0225, 00225, etc. represent the same number, i.e. two hundred and twenty-five.
However, if 0 is placed at the end of a number or between any two digits of a number, the value of
the number changes. e.g. 225, 2025, 2205 and 2250 are all different numbers.

1. Tick (✓) the number which is the same as the given number :

(1) 15 150 105 015 1005 0105

(2) 64 604 640 6400 0064 0604

(3) 123 0123 1230 1203 1023 01023

(4) 78 7800 0078 7008 0780 0708

(5) 450 0045 4005 0450 4050 00405

2. Zero is placed in different positions from left to right, in the number 87564 to form new
numbers. Observe the position of zero in each new number and write its number name.

(1) 8,75,640 : ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(2) 8,07,564 : ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(3) 8,70,564 : ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(4) 8,75,064 : ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(5) 8,75,604 : ------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. NUMBERS 7
2. Dealing with large numbers

Large numbers are used for showing the population of a country or for mentioning large distances
or areas.
Numbers larger than 7 digits are rarely used in day-to-day transactions.
However, the number system can be extended beyond 7 digits. There is no number that we can
call as the largest number.
In Std. IV, we learnt about numbers up to 7 digits. We also learnt about the Indian place value
system and the International place value system. We shall now learn about numbers up to 9 digits.
The following table shows the names of the same numbers as expressed in the two
place value systems.

Indian System International system

10 ones :1 ten 10 ones :1 ten

10 tens :1 hundred 10 tens :1 hundred
10 hundreds :1 thousand 10 hundreds :1 thousand
10 thousands :1 ten thouand 10 thousands :1 ten thousand
10 ten thousands :1 lakh 10 ten thousands :1 hundred thousand
10 lakhs :1 ten lakh 10 hundred thousands :1 million
10 ten lakhs :1 crore 10 millions :1 ten million
10 crores :1 ten crore 10 ten millions :1 hundred million

Up to 5-digit numbers, the number names in the Indian system and the International system are
the same. Study the following table :

Indian place value system International place value system

Number Number Name Number Number Name

1 One 1 One
10 Ten 10 Ten
100 One hundred 100 One hundred
1,000 One thousand 1,000 One thousand
10,000 Ten thousand 10,000 Ten thousand

1,00,000 One lakh 100,000 Hundred thousand

10,00,000 Ten lakh 1,000,000 One million
1,00,00,000 One crore 10,000,000 Ten million
10,00,00,000 Ten crore 100,000,000 Hundred million

8 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

1. (a) Write the following numbers in words in the Indian system putting commas at proper
places :

(1) 7862105 -------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) 35910126 -------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. (b) Write the following numbers in words in the International system putting commas at
proper places :

(1) 7862105 -------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) 35910126 -------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Write the number of digits in each of the following numbers :

(1) Two crore ------------------------------------------------

(2) Sixty-three lakh ------------------------------------------------

(3) Twenty thousand four hundred and forty ------------------------------------------------

(4) Thirty-five million twenty thousand ------------------------------------------------

(5) Six thousand five hundred ------------------------------------------------

3. Write the correct number in each blank :

(1) Two thousand: ------------------------------------ tens.
(2) Ten million : ------------------------------------ thousands.
(3) Three crore : ------------------------------------ thousands.
(4) Ten lakh : ------------------------------------ ten thousands.
(5) One lakh : ------------------------------------ hundreds.
4. Write in figures :

(1) One crore sixty-five lakh thirty thousand two hundred and forty 1,65,30,240
------------------------------------

(2) Two lakh forty-eight thousand and sixty-two ------------------------------------

(3) Fifty-nine thousand and three hundred ------------------------------------

(4) Seven crore eight lakh twenty thousand one hundred and six ------------------------------------

(5) Three hundred and forty-eight million twenty-eight thousand ------------------------------------

1. NUMBERS 9
3. Place value, Face value and Expanded form

Place value and Face value :

Place value of a digit in a number is determined by its position in that number. Hence, the place
values of a particular digit in different positions in a number are different.
However, its face value remains the same.
For example, the place value of the digit 3 in the number 4, 3 0,69,901 is 30,00,000 whereas in
the number 6,94, 3 51 it is 300.
The face value of the digit 3 in both the numbers is 3.

Write the place value and the face value of the digit 7 in the following numbers :

Numbers Place value Face value

(1) 8,5 7 ,32,598 7,00,000 7

(2) 41,41,83 7

(3) 2,45,6 7 ,821

(4) 7 ,34,21,469

(5) 98, 7 0,12,435

(6) 7 5,32,66,402

(7) 6,65,43, 7 91

Expanded form :
We know that the expanded form of a number is the sum of the place values of
all the digits of that number.
Let us write the expanded form of 38305125
3,83,05,125 : 3,00,00,000 ; 80,00,000 ; 3,00,000 ; 5,000 ; 100 ; 20 ; 5
[The place value of the digit 0 is 0. So it may not be written in the expanded form.]

10 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 Write the following numbers in their expanded forms :

(1) 4,84,03,645 4,00,00,000 ; 80,00,000 ; 4,00,000 ; 3,000 ; 600 ; 40 ; 5

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(2) 55,62,713 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(3) 9,51,64,891 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(4) 3,89,16,241 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(5) 31,78,13,674 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

To write a number in the standard form from its expanded form :

Look at the expanded form of a number :
400000000;3000000;200000;10000;4000;200;20;5
Let us write the digits in the place value charts in both the systems and then write the number in
standard form.
Indian Place value system

TC C TL L TTh Th H T O
4 0 3 2 1 4 2 2 5

The standard form of the number is 40,32,14,225. We read it as ‘‘Forty crore thirty-two lakh
fourteen thousand two hundred twenty-five’’.
International Place value system

HM TM M HTh TTh Th H T O
4 0 3 2 1 4 2 2 5

The standard form of the number is 403,214,225. We read it as ‘‘Four hundred three million two
hundred fourteen thousand two hundred and twenty-five’’.

1. NUMBERS 11
1. Look at the expanded form of the number.
800000000;70000000;6000000;400000;20000;1000;500;50;2
Write the digits in the place value chart in both the systems.
Write the number and the number name in each system.

Indian place value system :

TC C TL L TTh Th H T O

Number : ------------------------------------------------------------

Number name : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

International place value system :

HM TM M HTh TTh Th H T O

Number : ------------------------------------------------------------

Number name : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2. Write a number having the same number name in the Indian and the International systems :

Number : ------------------------------------------------

Number name : ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

12 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

4. Comparing numbers

Comparing two numbers means to find out the order relation between them. In other words,
comparing means to find out the greater and the smaller numbers between the two numbers.
In Std. IV we learnt how to compare two numbers up to 7 digits. The method of comparing
remains the same even for larger numbers.
Let us revise the important rules before we compare large numbers :
1. Between the two given numbers, the number having more digits is greater than the number
having less digits.
e. g. compare the numbers 2,13,65,982 and 26,958
The number 2,13,65,982 has 8 digits and the number 26,958 has 5 digits.
So 2,13,65,982 9 26,958.
2. If two numbers have equal number of digits, then start comparing the corresponding digits
from the left.
e. g. compare the numbers 1,87,53,829 and 1,85,72,629
Both these numbers have equal number of digits, i.e. 8 digits.
The first two digits from the left are the same in both the numbers.
Compare the third digits from left. 7 9 5.
So 1,87,53,829 9 1,85,72,629

Compare the following numbers by writing the correct sign 9 or : between them :

(1) 65,28,956 : 76,34,585 (2) 1,13,56,250 1,13,56,300

(3) 18,92,563 8,86,521 (4) 66,64,498 66,54,598

(5) 9,99,999 1,00,000 (6) 8,88,889 88,88,888

(7) 21,25,212 21,25,412 (8) 6,94,52,650 69,69,155

(9) 1,64,34,789 1,64,24,799 (10) 32,26,89,714 32,26,89,704

1. NUMBERS 13
5. Ascending order and Descending order

Arranging numbers in order from the smallest number to the greatest number is called the
ascending order of numbers.
Arranging numbers in order from the greatest number to the smallest number is called the
descending order of numbers.
In lower classes, we have dealt with smaller numbers.
The method remains the same for bigger numbers.

Arrange the given set of numbers in ascending order and in descending order :
(1) Numbers : 4,80,851; 4,80,05,518; 48,12,956; 48,961
Ascending order : 48,961; 4,80,851; ------------------------
-------------------------------- 48,12,956; 4,80,05,518
------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

Descending order : 4,80,05,518; 48,12,956;

-------------------------------- 4,80,851;
------------------------ 48,961
------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

(2) Numbers : 21,34,859; 89,97,818; 76,59,806; 90,12,354

Ascending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

Descending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

(3) Numbers : 11,85,200; 11,85,240; 11,85,280; 11,85,260

Ascending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

Descending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

(4) Numbers : 3,75,88,641; 3,75,62,581; 3,75,591; 37,55,091

Ascending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

-------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

(4) Descending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

-------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

(5) Numbers : 5,51,95,555; 55,58,91,555; 5,52,74,555; 5,51,85,555

Ascending order : ---------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------

---------- ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------

(5) Descending order : -------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

-------------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------------- -------------------

14 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

6. To form the greatest number and the smallest number using the given digits

We know how to form the greatest and the smallest numbers using all the given digits.
Let us revise the method before dealing with larger numbers.
1. The greatest number is formed by arranging the given digits in descending order.
For example, the greatest number formed by the digits 3, 5, 9, 8, 2, 6, 1 is 98,65,321.
2. The smallest number is formed by arranging the digits in ascending order.
So the smallest number formed by the digits 3, 5, 9, 8, 2, 6, 1 is 12,35,689.
However, if 0 is one of the digits, it is written second from the left.
For example, the smallest number formed by the digits 6, 5, 3, 8, 0, 4, 1 is 10,34,568.

Form the Greatest and the Smallest numbers using each of the given digits only once :

Digits Greatest number Smallest number

(1) 6, 2, 1, 5, 9, 3 9,65,321 1,23,569

(2) 2, 5, 9, 8, 6, 1, 0

(3) 7, 1, 2, 3, 5, 9

(4) 8, 3, 2, 1, 5, 7, 9

(5) 4, 0, 3, 1, 8, 9, 6, 5

(6) 2, 5, 3, 8, 0, 1, 7

(7) 9, 8, 1, 3, 2, 5

(8) 1, 0, 3, 9, 7, 5, 4

Learn how to form the greatest and the smallest numbers using all the given digits where the
digits may be repeated.
Study the solved examples :
1. Form the greatest 7-digit number using the digits 8, 0, 1.
Arrange the digits in descending order. Write the greatest digit (to the left) as many times as
required to make the 7-digit number.
So the greatest 7-digit number is 88,88,810.

1. NUMBERS 15
 2. Form the smallest 8-digit number using the digits 1, 5, 8, 3.
Arrange the digits in ascending order. Write the smallest digit (to the left) as many times as
required to make the 8-digit number.
So the smallest 8-digit number is 1,11,11,358.
3. Form the smallest 7-digit number by using the digits 6, 0, 1.
Arrange the digits in ascending order, with 0 in the second place from left. Write 0 as many
times as required to make the 7-digit number.
So the smallest 7-digit number is 10,00,006.

Form the greatest and the smallest 8-digit numbers using all the given digits and by
repeating digits :

Digits Greatest number Smallest number

(1) 1, 7, 2 7,77,77,721 1,11,11,127

(2) 1, 3, 4 ---------------- ------- -------------------------- ----- ------------ ------- ------------------- ----------------

(3) 5, 0, 6 ---------------- ------- -------------------------- ----- ------------ ------- ------------------- ----------------

(4) 7, 8, 3, 4 ---------------- ------- -------------------------- ----- ------------ ------- ------------------- ----------------

(5) 0, 2, 1, 7 ---------------- ------- -------------------------- ----- ------------ ------- ------------------- ----------------

7. Counting in thousands, lakhs and crores

We are conversant with counting in fives, tens, hundreds, etc.

In the same way, we shall now practise counting in thousands, lakhs and crores.

1. Count in thousands and write the next four numbers :

(1) 12,011 13,011

(2) 5,756

(3) 23,502

16 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

2. Count in lakhs and write the next three numbers :

(1) 2,75,602 3,75,602

(2) 16,22,555

(3) 42,16,300

3. Count in crores and write the next three numbers :

(1) 1,72,52,190 2,72,52,190

(2) 23,50,63,500

(3) 82,71,57,203

8. Rounding off numbers

Rounding off numbers makes calculations easy. We round off the numbers in order to calculate
estimated answers. You have learnt how to round off smaller numbers. The same rules apply for
bigger numbers.
Remember the following rules for rounding off numbers :
1. For rounding off a number to the nearest ten, observe the ones place digit. If it is less than 5,
then round off the number downwards. If it is 5 or more than 5, then round off the number
upwards.
e.g. 211 3 is rounded off to 2110 222 5 is rounded off to 2230
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

51 1 is rounded off to 510 147 7 is rounded off to 1480

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

2. For rounding off a number to the nearest hundred, observe the tens place digit. If it is less than
5, then round off the number downwards. If it is 5 or more than 5, then round off the number
upwards.
e.g. 13 1 9 is rounded off to 1300 53 5 8 is rounded off to 5400
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

16 2 5 is rounded off to 1600 213 8 1 is rounded off to 21400

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

3. For rounding off a number to the nearest thousand, observe the hundreds place digit. If it is
less than 5, then round off the number downwards. If it is 5 or more than 5, then round off the
number upwards.
e.g. 1 3 62 is rounded off to 1000 1 6 89 is rounded off to 2000
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

21 4 95 is rounded off to 21000 27 5 00 is rounded off to 28000

IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

17
2 / Navneet Golden Mathematics : Book 5 K0335
1. Round off the following numbers to the nearest ten :

Number (1) 1548692 (2) 2258799 (3) 65432119

Rounded off

Number (4) 5865863 (5) 6625711 (6) 4986527

Rounded off

2. Round off the following numbers to the nearest hundred :

Number (1) 4844424 (2) 10129877 (3) 22500178

Rounded off

Number (4) 55432116 (5) 3562750 (6) 28659781

Rounded off

3. Round off the following numbers to the nearest thousand :

Number (1) 669285217 (2) 786579 (3) 5505656

Rounded off

Number (4) 342911286 (5) 67829913 (6) 202112211

Rounded off

4. Round off the number 5657588 :

(1) to the nearest ten ------------------------------------------------

(2) to the nearest hundred ------------------------------------------------

(3) to the nearest thousand ------------------------------------------------

18 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

9. Roman numerals

So far we have learnt the Roman Numerals from 1 to 50.

Before proceeding further, let us recapitulate the basic symbols and the rules.

Hindu-Arabic numerals 1 5 10 50 100 500 1000

Roman Numerals I V X L C D M

Rules for writing the Roman numerals :

1. Repeating a symbol means adding the value of the symbol as many times as it is repeated.
For example, XXX means 10 ; 10 ; 10. i.e. 30.

2. Symbols V, L, D are never repeated. Other symbols can be repeated, but not more than thrice.

3. A symbol written to the right of a symbol of a greater value means the sum of the values of the
two symbols.
For example, VII means 5 ; 1 ; 1. i.e. 7.

4. A symbol written to the left of a symbol of a greater value means the difference of the values of
the two symbols.
For example, IX means 10 9 1. i.e. 9.

5. Symbols V, L and D are never written to the left of the symbols of greater values.

6. A symbol of a smaller value can be written to the left of a symbol of a greater value only once.

7. ‘I’ can be written to the left of V and X only.

‘X’ can be written to the left of L and C only.
‘C’ can be written to the left of D and M only.

8. When a symbol is written between two symbols of greater value, its value is subtracted from
the value of the symbol on its right.
For example, XIX means 10 ; (10 9 1). i.e. 19.

ORAL
Read the Hindu-Arabic numerals and the corresponding Roman numerals :
51 LI 56 LVI 61 LXI 66 LXVI 71 LXXI 76 LXXVI
52 LII 57 LVII 62 LXII 67 LXVII 72 LXXII 77 LXXVII
53 LIII 58 LVIII 63 LXIII 68 LXVIII 73 LXXIII 78 LXXVIII
54 LIV 59 LIX 64 LXIV 69 LXIX 74 LXXIV 79 LXXIX
55 LV 60 LX 65 LXV 70 LXX 75 LXXV 80 LXXX

1. NUMBERS 19
1. Write the number between the given two numbers using Roman numerals. Also, write the
corresponding Hindu-Arabic numerals :

(1) XXIII XXIV XXV (2) XXXVIII XL

24

(3) XXXII XXXIV (4) XXVII XXIX

2. Write the corresponding Roman numerals :

(1) 58 LVIII (2) 169 CLXIX (3) 31

(4) 49 (5) 22 (6) 70

3. Write the corresponding Hindu-Arabic numerals :

(1) CXL 140 (2) LXXXIV 84 (3) XIX

(4) XLIV (5) LXXIX (6) XCVIII

4. Match the following :

LV XCI LXXII XLIX

91 49 55 72

5. Write the missing numbers :

(1) LXVII LXXI

(2) CLXXVI CLXXX

(3) CLXXXV CLXXXIX

20 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

6. Write the Roman numerals from 81 to 100 :

81. 86. 91. 96. XCVI

82. 87. 92. 97.
83. 88. 93. 98.
84. LXXXIV 89. 94. 99.
85. 90. 95. 100.

1. Fill in the blanks :

(1) The number name of 63,84,297 is

---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------

(2) The number name of 6,384,297 is

---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------

(3) The place value of the digit 6 in 63,84,297 is ----------------------------------------

(4) Ten thousand more than 63,84,297 is ----------------------------------------

(5) Five lakh less than 63,84,297 is ----------------------------------------

(6) The successor of the number 63,84,297 is ----------------------------------------

(7) The number 63,84,297 rounded off to

(a) the nearest ten is ------------------------------------------------

(b) the nearest hundred is ------------------------------------------------

(c) the nearest thousand is ------------------------------------------------

(8) The expanded form of 63,84,297 is

---------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------

2. Write the greatest and the smallest 8-digit numbers using all the digits 6, 0, 1.
The greatest number ------------------------------------------------

The smallest number ------------------------------------------------

3. Arrange the following numbers in descending order :
365271, 3655227, 336527, 3665271

-------------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------------------- --------------- ------------------------ --------------- -------------------------

1. NUMBERS 21
4. Replace number names by numerals :
(1) Five hundred twenty million three hundred forty thousand one hundred and sixty.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(2) Eighty-five crore seven lakh two thousand one hundred and three.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Add 1 to the greatest eight-digit number. Write the number name of the number so formed in
(a) Indian place value system

---------- --------------------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------

(b) International place value system

---------- --------------------- -------------------------------------------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------

2. Write in figures the smaller of the two numbers :

Four hundred million; Thirty-six crore sixty lakh forty-eight thousand three hundred and forty.

-------------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------------------- --------------- ------------------------ --------------- -------------------------

3. Which number should you subtract from 9875642 in order to get the smallest 7-digit number?

-------------------------------------------- --------------- -------------------------------- --------------- ------------------------ --------------- -------------------------

1. Make the face of a clock out of a cardboard sheet and write Roman numerals on it.
2. Note down the mobile numbers of your parents in a diary. How many digits does a mobile
number have?
3. Write down your landline telephone number in figures and in words.

1. Who am I?
(1) I am 1 less than the smallest six-digit number. ----------------------------------------

(2) I am the sum of three thousand and the greatest three-digit number. ----------------------------------------

(3) I am 10 lakh less than the greatest seven-digit number. ----------------------------------------

2. Write any number with :

(1) 2 in its ones place ------------------------------------------------

(2) 6 in its hundreds place ------------------------------------------------

22 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 (3) 8 in its ten thousands place ------------------------------------------------

(4) 4 in its tens place ------------------------------------------------

(5) 2 in its millions place ------------------------------------------------

(6) 7 in its ten millions place ------------------------------------------------

(7) 3 in its lakhs place ------------------------------------------------

(8) 5 in its crores place ------------------------------------------------

● Find out the present population of Maharashtra, West Bengal, Punjab and Karnataka. Arrange
them in descending order.

● Look at these numbers

6 5 4 3 1 3 4 5 6
1 3 5 6 8 6 5 3 1
What is the peculiarity in them?
Can you write more such numbers?

1. NUMBERS 23
2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS

1. Addition
2. Subtraction
3. Multiplication
4. Division
5. Word problems
6. Simplification

1. Addition

Larger numbers can be added in the same manner as the smaller numbers.
Study the solved examples :
1. Find the sum of the numbers 35,698; 85,261 and 2,005.
Arrange the numbers vertically. Write the ones digits of all the
1 1 1
numbers one below the other. Similarly, write the tens digits, the
3 5 6 9 8
hundreds digits, ... etc. and add by the usual method.
8 5 2 6 1
The result of addition is known as ‘Sum’.
; 2 0 0 5
1 2 2 9 6 4
The sum is 1,22,964.

2. Find the sum of the numbers 9,80,16,512; 3,65,232; 4,421 and 980.
Arrange the numbers vertically.
1 2 1
9 8 0 1 6 5 1 2
3 6 5 2 3 2
4 4 2 1
; 9 8 0

The sum is 9,83,87,145. 9 8 3 8 7 1 4 5

[Note : After sufficient practice, you need not write the carried over numbers. Just keep them in your mind.]

24 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

1. Add :

(1) (2)
5 6 8 1 0 2 1 9 1 3 5 9 8 7 2 1
;3 1 1 7 8 5 7 0 ;4 2 4 0 1 1 7 7

(3) (4)
7 3 7 1 4 5 1 3 6 5 4 1 2 7 9 8
; 6 3 5 4 1 5 8 ;2 5 3 1 4 7 1 5

(5) (6)
6 8 5 2 1 9 2 8 5 7 9 3 2 1 5
2 2 8 7 3 1 5 3 2 1 2 9 4 4
; 7 1 3 4 0 3 ; 6 8 1 3 4 1 3

(7) (8)
5 2 9 6 7 1 8 7 6 5 0 0 1 4
4 2 5 3 1 7 6 3 4 5 5 0 1
3 2 4 2 1 5 9 2 1 3 5 4
; 4 4 8 5 2 ; 5 1 2 7 1 0 3

2. Find the sum of the following numbers by arranging them vertically :

(Solve in your notebook.)

(1) 4,34,329; 6,12,558; 55,105

(2) 66,74,338; 51,25,221; 3,32,154

(3) 7,67,676; 3,23,232; 4,54,545

(4) 40,60,901; 65,21,761; 81,776

(5) 6,93,476; 45,23,810; 2,15,682; 1,43,587

(6) 33,78,015; 9,89,321; 2,56,432; 3,68,920

3 / Navneet Golden Mathematics : Book 5 K0335 25

3. Fill in the boxes with the correct digits to complete the additions :

(1) 3 6 2 5 2 1 9 (2) 6 2 7 7 5

; 4 6 5 8 9 8 1 ; 4 5 5 6 8

8 2 8 4 2 0 0 1 2 1 6 3 5 5 6

(3) 9 6 1 3 2 (4) 8 7 4

; 2 3 7 1 ; 5 3 8 6

1 1 1 0 5 7 2 9 3 1 5 3 0 0 4 1 8

(5) 6 5 9 (6) 0 0 5

3 2 8 2 0 3

; 1 1 7 ; 3 0 2

7 1 0 7 1 1 0 1 0

2. Subtraction

In subtraction, the number which is subtracted is called the subtrahend and the number from
which it is subtracted is called the minuend. The result after subtraction is called the difference.
e.g. 3659 9 2135 : 1524

minuend subtrahend difference

Larger numbers are subtracted in the same way as the smaller numbers.
Study the solved examples :
1. Find the difference between the numbers 7,63,43,891 and 5,34,23,216.
Arrange the numbers vertically, such that the digits in the same places are one below
the other.
5 13 8 11
7 6 3 4 3 8 9 1
9 5 3 4 2 3 2 1 6
2 2 9 2 0 6 7 5

The difference is 2,29,20,675.

26 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 2. Find the difference between the numbers 9,82,01,653 and 47,852.
Arrange the numbers vertically.
9 10
1 10 0 16
9 8 2 0 1 6 5 3
9 4 7 8 5 2
9 8 1 5 3 8 0 1

The difference is 9,81,53,801.

3. Find the difference between the numbers 5,68,78,321 and 4,87,79,410.

16 17
4 16 7 6 7 13
5 6 8 7 8 3 2 1
9 4 8 7 7 9 4 1 0
0 8 0 9 8 9 1 1
The difference is 80,98,911.
(The number 08098911 is the same as 8098911.)

[Note : After sufficient practice try to regroup the numbers mentally.]

1. Subtract :

(1) (2)
3 6 2 5 9 8 3 6 9 4 5 2 3
92 5 1 4 8 7 9 9 8 5 7 3 2

(3) (4)
1 0 0 2 1 6 0 0 7 1 3 5 8 6 3 4 1
9 9 8 5 2 1 6 0 96 7 5 1 0 5 2 2 3

(5) (6)
1 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 8 2 0 0 0 0
9 6 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 92 8 3 1 0 1 0

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 27

2. Find the difference between the following numbers by arranging them vertically :
(Solve in your notebook.)
(1) 34,215 and 392 (2) 4,00,42,002 and 78,76,543
(3) 87,61,002 and 76,51,003 (4) 11,27,89,435 and 6,11,46,565
(5) 6,56,217 and 14,825 (6) 87,54,44,817 and 86,23,32,408
3. Fill in the boxes with the correct digits to complete subtractions :

(1) 7 6 1 3 2 5 (2) 6 7 8 5 6 3
9 1 5 3 2 1 0 9 5 2 9 1 2 0

6 0 8 1 1 5 0 9 5 3 4 5 1 0

(3) 8 7 5 2 6 1 3 5 (4) 2 6 5 8
9 9 2 3 2 1

2 2 1 0 1 0 3 1 1 6 2 8 8 2 5 1

(5) 6 9 0 1 0 2 (6) 9 0 0 0 0 2
9 9 2 1 6 1 9 7 0 0 1 2 0

0 7 0 8 0 4 9 1 1 9 9 9 8 8 8 2

An easy method of subtraction when the minuend is a number like 80000, 600000, 9000000, ...
Study the solved example :
Subtract 8562905 from 9000000.
If we subtract 1 from both the numbers 85,62,905 and 90,00,000, the difference between them still
remains the same.
Subtraction becomes easy when we avoid regrouping.
9000000 91 8999999
IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

98562905 91 98562904
IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

437095
So 900000098562905:437095.

1. Subtract without regrouping :

(1) 700000 IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

9689501 IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

28 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 (2) 9000000 IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

95687906 IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

(3) 50000000 IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

941025699 IIIIIIIIIIIIIJ

2. Find the missing subtrahend :

(1) 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 3 1 9 5 8 8 2 7

(2) 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 3 2 5 1 0 2 9 5

3. Multiplication

(a) Multiplying a number by a 3-digit/4-digit number :

In multiplication, the number which is multiplied is called the multiplicand and the number
that multiplies is called the multiplier. The result after multiplication is called the product.
e.g. 8975 ; 300 : 2692500
multiplicand multiplier product

The method of multiplication for larger numbers is the same as that for smaller numbers.

Study the solved examples :

1. Find the product of the numbers 382569 and 542. Write the numbers one below the
other and multiply.
3 8 2 5 6 9
; 5 4 2 (542 : 500 ; 40 ; 2)
7 6 5 1 3 8 IIIII 382569 ; 2
F

1 5 3 0 2 7 6 0 IIIII 382569 ; 40
F

; 1 9 1 2 8 4 5 0 0 F
IIIII 382569 ; 500

2 0 7 3 5 2 3 9 8
The product is 20,73,52,398.

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 29

 2. Find the product of the numbers 7568212 and 102.
7 5 6 8 2 1 2
; 1 0 2 (102 : 100 ; 2)
1 5 1 3 6 4 2 4 FIIIII 7568212 ; 2
; 7 5 6 8 2 1 2 0 0 FIIIII 7568212 ; 100
7 7 1 9 5 7 6 2 4
The product is 77,19,57,624.

3. Find the product of the numbers 16702 and 1243.

1 6 7 0 2
; 1 2 4 3 (1243:1000 ; 200 ; 40;3)
5 0 1 0 6 FIIIII 16702 ; 3
6 6 8 0 8 0 FIIIII 16702 ; 40
3 3 4 0 4 0 0 FIIIII 16702 ; 200
; 1 6 7 0 2 0 0 0 FIIIII 16702 ; 1000
2 0 7 6 0 5 8 6

The product is 2,07,60,586.

[Even if the multiplicand and the multiplier are interchanged, the product does not change.
So for convenience, take the smaller number as the multiplier.]

1. Find the product of the following numbers :

(1) 1 2 0 8
; 2 3 1 (231:200;30;1)
F
IIIII 1208;1
F
IIIII 1208;30
F
IIIII 1208;200

(2) 3 8 3 5
; 7 1 4 (714:700;10;4)
F
IIIII 3835;4
F
IIIII 3835;10
F
IIIII 3835;700

30 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 (3) 3 5 2 8 7
; 1 3 1 (131 : ------------ ; ------------ ; -------- )
F
IIIII 35287;1
F
IIIII 35287;30
F
IIIII 35287;100

(4) 4 6 2 1 3
; 1 7 2 4 (1724: ---------------- ; ------------ ; ------------ ; -------- )
F
IIIII 46213;4
F
IIIII 46213;20
F
IIIII 46213;700
F
IIIII 46213;1000

2. Find the products of the following numbers : (Solve in your notebook.)

(1) 4876 and 231 (2) 7784 and 426 (3) 8125 and 365

(4) 158 and 23769 (5) 84454 and 172 (6) 53362 and 467

(7) 34501 and 2512 (8) 98230 and 4506 (9) 7091 and 53241

(b) Properties of multiplication :

Let us revise the properties of multiplication which we learnt in lower classes.
1. If the multiplicand and the multiplier are interchanged, the product does not change.
e. g. 749 ; 804 : 804 ; 749. Each product is equal to 6,02,196
This property is called commutative property.

2. If three or more numbers are to be multiplied, then any two of them can be grouped
together and multiplied first and then the product can be multiplied by other numbers.
e. g. 3 ; (4 ; 5) : (3 ; 4) ; 5
This property is called associative property.

3. (1) Let us calculate (6;8);4 and 6;4;8;4

(6 ; 8) ; 4 6;4;8;4
: 14 ; 4 : 24 ; 32
: 56 : 56
This means, (6;8);4 : 6 ; 4 ; 8 ; 4.
This property is called the distributive property of multiplication over addition.

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 31

 (2) Let us now calculate (893);5 and 8;593;5
(8 9 3) ; 5 8;593;5
:5;5 : 40 9 15
: 25 : 25
This means, (893);5 : 8;593;5.
This property is called the distributive property of multiplication over subtraction.

Fill in the blanks :

(1) 35;42:42; ---------------- (2) 86;15: ---------------- ;86

(3) 4;( ---------------- ):(4;7);9 (4) (65;32);21: ---------------- ;(32;21)

(5) (36;25);8: ---------------- ;25;8 (6) (51924);11:51;119 ----------------

(7) 5(27;38):5;27; ---------------- (8) 12(83921): ---------------- 912;21

Some tips for easy multiplication :

(1) To multiply a number by 99, multiply the number by 100 and subtract that number from the
product.
(2) To multiply a number by 101, multiply the number by 100 and add that number to the
product.
(3) To multiply a number by 25, multiply the number by 100 and divide the product by 4.
(4) To multiply 30,000;7,000, multiply 3;7 and write 7 zeros (total zeros of both the numbers)
after the product.
3;7:21. So 30,000;7,000:21,00,00,000

Find the following products by easy methods :

(1) 94,62,008;99 (2) 76,65,540;101

32 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 (3) 70,63,984;25 (4) 4,00,000;900

(c) Concept of Square :

Square of a number is obtained by multiplying a number by itself.
Square of 2 is 2;2, i.e. 4.
Square of 2 is written as 2.
So 2:4
Similarly, 3:3;3:9, 4:4;4:16, 5:5;5:25 and so on.

Find the squares of the following numbers :

(1) 6 : ------------ (2) 7 : ------------ (3) 8 : ------------ (4) 9 : ------------ (5) 10: ------------

(6) 11: ------------ (7) 12: ------------ (8) 13: ------------ (9) 14: ------------ (10) 15: ------------

(11) 16: ------------ (12) 17: ------------ (13) 18: ------------ (14) 19: ------------ (15) 20: ------------

(16) 21: ------------ (17) 22: ------------ (18) 23: ------------ (19) 24: ------------ (20) 25: ------------

It is easy to find the squares of numbers 10, 20, 30, 40.

To calculate 20;20, find 2;2:4 and put two zeroes after 4. So 20:400.

(d) Concept of cube :

Product of a number taken three times, gives the cube of that number.
Cube of 2 is 2;2;2, i.e. 8.
Cube of 2 is written as 2.
So 2:8.
Similarly, 3:3;3;3:27, 4:4;4;4:64 and so on.

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 33

1. Find the cubes :

(1) 5 : ------------ (2) 6 : ------------ (3) 7 : ------------ (4) 8 : ------------

(5) 9 : ------------ (6) 10: ------------ (7) 11: ------------ (8) 12: ------------

(9) 13: ------------ (10) 14: ------------ (11) 15: ------------ (12) 16: ------------

Cubes of 10, 20, 30, 40, ... etc. can be calculated easily.

e.g. 20:20;20;20.

To calculate 20;20;20, find 2;2;2 first and then put three zeroes after that.

2;2;2:8. Putting three zeros after 8, we get 800. So 20:800.

2. Find the cubes :

(1) 30: (2) 40:

(2) 50: (4) 60:

● Simplify :
1. (2):2;2;2 ------------------------------------------------
2. (2):2;2 ------------------------------------------------

Do you get the same answer for both? ------------------------------------------------

What can you say about (2) and (2) ? ------------------------------------------------

4. Division
When a number is divided by another number, the number which is divided is called the
dividend and the number which divides is called the divisor. The result after division is called the
quotient. The number that is left after division is called the remainder. If a number divides
another number exactly, then the remainder is zero.
e.g. 3650 9 50 : 73

Dividend Divisor Quotient

50 divides 3650 exactly. So the remainder is zero.

34 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 Remember :
1. When any non-zero number is divided by itself, the quotient is 1.
e.g. 2659219265921:1
2. When a number is divided by 1, the quotient is the number itself.
e.g. 2679191:26791
3. When 0 is divided by any non-zero number, the quotient is 0.
4. Division by zero is meaningless.

(a) Dividing a number by a 2-digit number :

Study the solved example :
Divide 3805 by 64. 5 9
Step 1 : The number formed by the first two digits is 38. 6 4 455555555555555
3 8 0 5
38 : 64. So divide 380 tens by 64. For finding out how 9 3 2 0 H
many times 64 divides 380, consider 6 and 38. 6 sixes are 36. 6 0 5
So try 64;6. 64;6:384. 384 9 380. 9 5 7 6
So try with the smaller number 5 2 9
64;5:320. 320 : 380.
So 64 can divide 380 five times. Write 5 in the tens place of the quotient.
Write 320 under 380 and subtract. The remainder is 60.
Step 2 : Taking down the next digit 5, we have 605 ones. How many times does 6 divide 60?
6 tens are 60. 64;10:640 and 640 9 605. So try 64;9. 64;9:576.
576 : 605.
So 9 is the quotient. Write 9 in the ones place of the quotient. Write 576 under 605 and
subtract. The remainder is 29. The quotient:59 and the remainder:29.

1. Divide :

(1) 6529945 (2) 1087963

2. Divide : (Solve in your notebook.)

(1) 2305937 (2) 17340980 (3) 24851992 (4) 63582971

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 35

 (b) Dividing a number by a 3-digit number :
The method of dividing a number by a 3-digit number is similar to that by a 2-digit number.
Study the solved example :
Divide 860160 by 420.

2 0 4 8
4 2 0 45555555555555555555
8 6 0 1 6 0
9 8 4 0 H

2 0 1
9 0 H

2 0 1 6
9 1 6 8 0 H

3 3 6 0
9 3 3 6 0
0 0 0 0

When 860160 is divided by 420 , the quotient is 2048 and the remainder is 0.
In the above example, the remainder: 0. This means the dividend is a product of the divisor
and the quotient. i.e. 860160:420;2048.

1. Divide :

(1) 483129301 (2) 484009120

2. Divide : (Solve in your notebook.)

(1) 36939363 (2) 385659145 (3) 987629432 (4) 4040409404

36 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

(c) Dividing a number by a 4-digit number :
The method of dividing a number by a 4-digit number is similar to that by a 2-digit number
or a 3-digit number.
Study the solved example :
Divide 728413 by 2012.

3 6 2
2 0 1 2 45555555555555555555
7 2 8 4 1 3
9 6 0 3 6 H

1 2 4 8 1
9 1 2 0 7 2 H

4 0 9 3
9 4 0 2 4
6 9

Step 1 : Observe the dividend and the divisor 7 : 2012, 72 : 2012, 728 : 2012. So we
should divide 7284 hundreds by 2012. For finding out the quotient, consider the
numbers 7 and 2 instead of 7284 and 2012. How many times does 2 divide 7 ?
2 threes are 6.
So try 2012 ; 3. 2012 ; 3 : 6036. 6036 : 7284.
Write 3 in the hundreds place of the quotient and 6036 under 7284 and subtract.
The remainder is 1248.

Step 2 : Now write the next digit 1 on the right side of 1248 and divide 12481 tens by 2012.
Now see how many times 2 divides 12. 2 sixes are 12.
So try 2012 ; 6. 2012 ; 6 : 12072. 12072 : 12481.
Write 6 in the tens place of the quotient. Write 12072 under 12481 and subtract.
409 is the remainder.

Step 3 : Now write the next digit 3 on the right side of 409 and divide 4093 ones by 2012.
See how many times 2 divides 4. 2 twos are 4.
So try 2012 ; 2. 2012 ; 2 : 4024. 4024 : 4093.
Write 2 in the ones place of the quotient. Write 4024 under 4093 and subtract.
69 is the remainder.
When 728413 is divided by 2012,
the quotient : 362 and the remainder : 69.

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 37

1. Divide :
(1) 48956293215 (2) 50050092001

2. Divide : (Solve in your notebook.)

(1) 64587396301 (2) 78131293014 (3) 18760092502 (4) 60054094000

Dividing by 10, 100, 1000, 10000, ... etc. is easy.

We can write the quotient and the remainder without actually performing division.
● When 12659 is divided by 10, then 1265 is the quotient and the last digit 9 is the remainder.
● When 12659 is divided by 100, the quotient is 126. The remainder is 59.
● When 12659 is divided by 1000, the quotient is 12. The remainder is 659.

Write the quotient and the remainder without performing division :

Division Quotient Remainder

(1) 6298910

(2) 1588659100

(3) 7785691000

(4) 5786421910000

(5) 49812979100000

38 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

5. Word problems

In Std. IV, we learnt how to solve simple word problems. In most of the problems, we had to apply
only one of the four basic operations namely Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication or Division.
However, a single problem may involve more than one basic operations.
We shall now deal with word problems involving one or more basic operations.
Remember the following steps while solving such word problems :
(1) Read the word problem carefully.
(2) Note the information provided to you (data).
(3) Decide the necessary mathematical operations in the correct order to achieve the desired
result.
(4) Perform the necessary operations and calculate the answer.
(5) Check whether you have answered correctly as asked.

Study the solved examples :

1. Adults are charged ‘ 200 per head and children are charged ‘ 50 per head for an
entertainment programme. If 150 tickets for adults and 200 tickets for children are sold,
what is the total collection?
Charges per ticket for adults is ‘ 200;
Number of tickets sold : 150
So money collected : ‘ 200 ; 150 : ‘ 30000.
Charges per ticket for children is ‘ 50;
Number of tickets sold : 200
So money collected : ‘ 50 ; 200 : ‘ 10000.
Total money collected : ‘ 30000 ; ‘ 10000 : ‘ 40,000.
Thus ‘ 40,000 is the total collection.
2. Out of a 500 metres long rope, 100 metres of rope is cut off. Out of the remaining rope,
7 metres long pieces are to be cut out. How many pieces can be made? How much rope
will be left over?
Length of the rope:500 metres.
5 7
100 metres of rope is cut off. 7 45555555555
4 0 0
So the remaining rope:5009100 9 3 5
:400 metres
5 0
Length of each piece : 7 metres
9 4 9
Number of pieces : 400 9 7.
1

On dividing 400 by 7, the quotient is 57 and the remainder is 1.

This means 57 pieces can be made and 1 metre of rope will be left over.

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 39

 3. Mrs Shalini had ‘ 1,00,000. She bought a washing machine worth ‘ 11,300; a refrigerator
worth ‘ 15,250; a sofa set worth ‘ 9,500 and a cupboard worth ‘ 5,900. How much money
was left with her? ‘
Price of the washing machine : 113 0 0
Price of the refrigerator : 152 5 0
Price of the sofa set : 9 5 0
Price of the cupboard : ; 59 0 0
Total money spent : 419 5 0
Money left with Mrs Shalini :‘ 1,00,0009‘ 41,950:‘ 58,050.
4. Which number should be added to the sum of 3,27,16,527 and 2,34,91,616 to get the number
8,75,10,753?
This problem involves addition and subtraction. First add the two numbers and subtract the
sum from the number 8,75,10,753 to get the answer.
32716527
87510753
;23491616 Now subtract 5,62,08,143 from 8,75,10,753. 956208143
56208143
31302610
The number 3,13,02,610 should be added to 5,62,08,143 to get the number 8,75,10,753.

1. Solve the following word problems : (Write proper statements.)

(1) The sum of two numbers is 2,65,021. One of the numbers
is 1,35,011. Find the number that will be obtained by
adding 1,50,000 to the other number.

(2) Raghu spends ‘ 3,480 per month on the maintenance

of his house. How much money does he spend on
maintenance in one year?

40 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 (3) Tehmina wants to pack 4,080 mangoes in boxes, by
putting 60 mangoes in each box. How many boxes does
she require?

(4) During Diwali, Sanjay spent ‘ 25,000 for painting his

house. He bought gifts worth ‘ 2,700; sweets worth
‘ 650 and crackers worth ‘ 500. How much money did
Sanjay spend during Diwali?

(5) A tailor requires 3 metres long cloth to stitch one school

uniform. How many school uniforms can he stitch out of
88 metres long cloth? How much cloth will be left over?

(6) A sports club charges a membership fee of ‘ 35 per

month for children and ‘ 100 per month for adults.
Find the total membership fee for 15 children and
20 adults for a month.

4 / Navneet Golden Mathematics : Book 5 K0335 41

2. Solve the following word problems : (Solve in your notebook.)
(1) Aradhana bought an agarbatti packet containing 100 agarbatti sticks. For how many days
can she use it if she uses 3 sticks per day?
(2) Distance between two villages Rampur and Baranpur is 105 km. A bus plies between
Rampur and Baranpur and back again, two times a day. How many kilometres does the
bus ply every day?
(3) Which number should be added to 7,52,765 to get the number 18,75,659?
(4) Ratan’s annual salary is ‘ 78,000. What is his monthly salary?
(5) Mrs Agarwal has ‘ 1,20,000. She donated ‘ 30,000 to a hospital and ‘ 22,000 to
an orphanage. How much money is left with her?
(6) The cost of installing a lift (elevator) is ‘ 9,98,500. A housing society has ‘ 20,00,000 with it.
Find the balance left with the society after installing the lift.
(7) Lata and Mala decided to write 50 sentences daily to improve their handwriting. Lata
wrote for 20 days whereas Mala wrote for 25 days. How many sentences did they write
altogether?
(8) 10 grams of gold cost ‘ 27,900. Mrs Suvarna bought 10 grams of gold for her daughter,
10 grams of gold for her daughter-in-law and 5 grams of gold for herself. How much
money did she spend?
(9) Find the number which is 12,500 more than 36,500.
(10) Find the number which is one lakh less than 4,00,750.
(11) Find the number which is 30 times 12,000.
(12) Find the number which is one fourth of 16,100.
(13) 55 people can travel in a bus. Buses have to be booked for 260 people going for a picnic.
How many buses should be booked ?
(14) What is the difference between the greatest 9-digit number and the smallest 9-digit
number?
3. Frame word problems from the given mathematical expressions :
(1) 8000 9 4
Word problem : 8000 paper pins are packed equally in 4 boxes. Find the number of
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
pins in each box.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- ----------------------

(2) 3632 9 1560

Out of 3632
Word problem : ----------------- articles
--------------- in a shop, ---------------
---------------------------- 1560 articles were sold out.
----------------------------------- How many
--------------- --------
articles were left in the shop?
---------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

(3) 1000 ; 1500

Word problem : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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42 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

 (4) 200 ; 45
Word problem : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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(5) 642 9 3
Word problem : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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(6) 6952 9 3750

Word problem : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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6. Simplification

While simplifying, follow the order of the operations given below.

(i) Brackets (ii) Division (iii) Multiplication (iv) Addition (v) Subtract.
e.g. Simplify (2000920);(500; 3 9200)
(2000920);(500;39200)
:100;(15009200) ... [Divide 2000920, multiply 500;3]
:100;1300 ... [Subtract 15009200]
:1400 ... [Add]

1. Simplify :

(1) 3245678;60050091000000 (2) 40000960000;30000

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 43

 (3) 35779 7 9600915;645 (4) 40409(40;61)937

(5) 300;(4 ; 3)9(600;252) (6) 54369(85976)94

2. Write the mathematical expression and then simplify :

(1) Find the difference between the products of ‘6 and 5’ and ‘3 and 7’.

(2) Add the product of 1 0 and 7 to the difference between 30 and 20.

(3) Find the sum of 2 5 and the difference between 5 0 and 2 5.

44 NAVNEET GOLDEN MATHEMATICS : BOOK 5

● Simplify mentally and write the answer :
(1) (2509250);(30091);(09720): ----------------------------------------
(2) (45091)9(20091);(302193021): ----------------------------------------
(3) (1000;2)9(200094): ----------------------------------------
(4) (30009100);(6000091000);(100910): ----------------------------------------

2. BASIC OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS 45