Problem Set 8

Math 104
Due: Friday 04/05, 11:59pm

All problems have equal weight and, unless otherwise specified, for full credit you need to explain the
steps needed to get the answer. All exercise references are to the textbook. You are allowed to use all facts
in the textbook proved in §28-30 or before §20.

Problem 1. (Exercise 29.10ab) The purpose of this exercise is to show that the following statement is NOT
true: ”if f is a differentiable function such that f ′ (x) > 0 for some point x ∈ R, then f is increasing in some
neighborhood of x”. For this exercise you can assume all the basic properties of cos(x) and sin(x).
Let f (x) = x2 sin( x1 ) + x2 for x ̸= 0 and f (0) = 0.
(a) Show that f ′ (0) exists and is > 0.
(b) Show that f is not increasing on any open interval containing 0.

Problem 2. (Exercise 29.14) Suppose f is differentiable on R, 1 ≤ f ′ (x) ≤ 2 for all x ∈ R and f (0) = 0.
Prove that x ≤ f (x) ≤ 2x for all x ≥ 0.

Problem 3. For this exercise you can assume all the basic properties of cos(x) and sin(x).
sin(x)
Show that the function tan(x) = cos(x) is a strictly increasing function on (− π2 , π2 ) and use the theorem
about derivative of inverse function to compute derivative of tan−1 (which is a function defined on R).

Problem 4. (Exercise 29.18) Let f be differentiable on R with a = sup{|f ′ (x)| : x ∈ R} < 1.

(a) Select s0 ∈ R and define sn = f (sn−1 ) for n ≥ 1 (so sn is obtained by applying f to s0 for n times).
Prove that (sn ) is a convergent sequence. Hint: check Cauchy condition.
(b) Show that f has a fixed point, that is, f (s) = s for some s ∈ R.

Problem 5. (Exercise 30.2abc) Find the following limits is they exist. You can assume all the basic prop-
erties of cos(x) and sin(x).

x3
(a) lim ;
x→0 sin(x) − x

tan(x) − x
(b) lim ;
x→0 x3
 
1 1
(c) lim − ;
x→0 sin(x) x