Portfolio Advanced 11

First part

Vocabulary:
1. Achieve : Serious disagreement
- Sometimes they achieve rare beauty by accident.
2. Acquired: Group with shared characteristics
-It has not acquired one permanent wrinkle after all its ripples.
3. Apparently: Conduct
-Apparently something had been discussed in her absence.
4. Approach: Clear
-This approach is even more flawed than the first.
5. Behavior: Done without realizing it
-My sisters will instruct you in the behavior I expect of you.
6. Category: Thinking
-My sisters will instruct you in the behavior I expect of you.
7. Cognition: Seeming to be true
-We understand such data by the process of social cognition.
8. Controversy: Use of senses
-The controversy was taken into Congress.
9. Obvious: Special
-There are some very obvious phrases that we should know better
than to use.
10. Perception: Method
 -He is interested in how our perceptions of death affect the way we
live.
11. Unconscious: Developed/ Obtained
-He himself seemed totally unconscious of his failure.
12. Unique: Accomplish
-Each person's signature is unique

Page 95:
1. Oskar Pfungst proved that Clever Hans wasn’t able to solve
mathematical problems. Do you believe that Hans showed
intelligence by learning to “read” the movements of his
questioners and audience members?
No, In my opinion what Clever Hans use to do wasn’t a kind of
intelligence because he just follow certain patterns he just can see,
not humans.

2. Temple Grandin feels that seizure alert dogs are showing signs
of high intelligence. Others may say that what they do is just an
example of animals reacting based on instinct. Do you agree with
Temple Grandin? Why or why not? Explain using evidence from
the text.
From my point of view these dogs show a kind of perception but
not intelligence in the whole meaning, these dogs just follow their
instinct and react to an stimulus, but talking about intelligence is
something bigger and difficult to show by animals.

3. How do Temple Grandin’s ideas change or expand on your own

observations of animal intelligence discussed at the beginning of
this unit?
I could see there are some kind of behaviors that can be confused
as a kind of intelligence, but with different studies we could see
that is not.

Page 99:
1. It is difficult to define animal intelligence
because…

a. It is difficult to define animal intelligence because

has differents meanings depending on the species
of animal.
b. It’s difficult to define animal intelligence because
what is intelligence for one species may not be for
another
2. The presence of human traits in animal
behavior may not be a good indicator of
animal intelligence because…

a. The presence of human traits in animal behavior may not

be a good indicator of animal intelligence because we
cannot use language to communicate.
b. The presence of human traits in animal behavior may not
be a good indicator of animal intelligence because they
live in a very different environment.

3. Despite the fact that dolphins apparently are

very intelligent based on their brain size, we
cannot optimally measure their intelligence
because…

a. Despite the fact that dolphins apparently are very

intelligent based on their brain size, we cannot
optimally measure their intelligence because we
cannot use language to communicate.
b. Despite the fact that dolphins apparently are very
intelligent based on their brain size, we cannot
optimally measure their intelligence because they
live in a very different environment.

4. If animals do better than humans in

intelligence tests, then researchers assume
that…
 a. If animals do better than humans in intelligence
tests, then researchers assume that there is
something wrong with the assessment.
b. If animals do better than humans in intelligence
tests, then researchers assume that the test must
have been similar to the animal’s, and not the
human’s, natural environment.

5. A new way of assessing animal

intelligence, the bottom-up method,
involves finding a cognitive trait and
investigating how the neural system
guides this trait. An advantage of this
method is that…
a. A new way of assessing animal intelligence, the
bottom-up method, involves finding a cognitive trait
and investigating how the neural system guides this
trait. An advantage of this method is that
researchers can find traits they didn’t even know
existed in animals.
b. A new way of assessing animal intelligence, the bottom-up
method, involves finding a cognitive trait and investigating
how the neural system guides this trait. An advantage of
this method is that it allows researchers to understand
the use of neural networks.

6. For scientists to eventually be able to

effectively assess animal intelligence, they
need to…
 a. For scientists to eventually be able to effectively
assess animal intelligence, they need to develop better
tools and methods.
b. For scientists to eventually be able to effectively
assess animal intelligence, they need to develop new
theories.

Page 106:

1. What achieve Clever Hans do to be recognize for all the

world?
2. What apparently Clever Hans do that scientists could
explain how he was able to do it?
3. Which perceptions this animal have to could add numbers
4. Where was controversy of all this event?
5. How Clever Hans could add numbers?

Page 108-109:

1. a. Clever Hans was trained by a retired school teacher. b.

The school teacher had taught science for many years.
- Clever Hans was trained by a retired school teacher who
had taught science for many years.

2. a. Clever Hans was trained by a retired school teacher. b.

The school teacher had taught science for many years.
Clever Hans was trained by a retired school teacher who had
taught science for many years.
- The afternoon when Clever Hans was ready to perform in
front of an audience was cold and rainy.
Second Part
UNIT 05

Vocabulary:
1. Vigorous: Energetic
- She was a strong and vigorous politician.
- There has been vigorous opposition to the proposals for a new road.
2. Punctually: On time
- It is unusual for him to come punctually.
- The meeting started punctually at 10.00 a.m.
3. Immeasurably: Incredibly
- Your Spanish has improved immeasurably.
- The damage from the 1956 hurricane was immeasurably greater.
4. Disparate: Different
- The five experiments gave quite disparate results.
- The two cultures were so utterly disparate that she found it hard to adapt from one to the
other.
5. Fascinating: Very interesting
- -Berlin is a vibrant, fascinating city.
- The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous.
6. Awesome: Impressive
- -You look totally awesome in that dress.
- An awesome challenge/task lies ahead of them.
7. Impulsive: Doing things quickly without thinking
- -Rosa was impulsive and sometimes regretted things she'd done.
- Don't be so impulsive - think before you act.
8. Insufferable: Annoying
- -He was an insufferable bore.
- She disliked the president, whom she once described as an "insufferable bore".
9. Chilly: Unfriendly
- -She was beginning to feel chilly.
- The bathroom gets chilly in the winter.
10. Presumptuous: Rude or arrogant
 - It was presumptuous of him to take charge.
- The presumption of innocence is central to American law.
11. Genuinely: Truly
- She seems genuinely fond of the children.
- I'm genuinely sorry for what I said.
12. Ultimately: In the end

- -The divorce ultimately led to his ruin.

- Ultimately, I used to think a lot in the future.

13. Disparate: Different

- The five experiments gave quite disparate results.
- The two cultures were so utterly disparate that she found it hard to adapt from one to the
other.
14. Fascinating: Very interesting
- Berlin is a vibrant, fascinating city.
- The book offers a fascinating glimpse of the lives of the rich and famous
15. Arrive: To reach a place, especially at the end
- It was dark by the time we arrived at the station.
-I arrived back to find that my room had been burgled.

Page 126:
1. It appears that in the story, societal expectations are that
everyone has multiple marriages. At this point in Leo’s life,
he has a different idea about the ideal length of a marriage.
Why does he want Marilisa to be his last wife while she is
still looking forward to multiple future marriages?

Because he has already many years and he is just looking

for someone to spend his last years with someone who he
really likes, not just physically but also mentally.

2. The story talks about problems Marilisa experiences

because many generations of family and ex-wives are all
 alive at the same time. Why does she find this a problem?
Do you think it would be a problem for you? Why or why
not?

From my point of view Marilisa find this as problem

because it’s uncomfortable find ex-wives of her husband on
the streets, for me it wouldn’t be a problem because I know
they are in the past and if there are love it wouldn’t matter.

3. Leo has had many different careers. “He reinvents himself

every decade or two. That’s as necessary to him as the
Process itself.” Why do you think he changes careers so
often?

He maybe have changed many times of career because he

just feel bored of the career he had, also in the life many
times is good get out of you comfortable space and
reinvented.

Page 129: (Comprehension)

1. One example from Reading Two of why a longer

lifespan is a good thing for society is that it will
“raise productivity by adding to our prime years.”
What does this mean? What are some other reasons
given that are in favor of a longer lifespan?
 That phrase means that people going to spend more
time working when they are young, others reason in
favor of longer lifespan is that we can enjoy more
time of our patterns.

2. How will longer lifespans affect how individuals and

families socialize? Are these changes negative or
positive?

That aspect would change a lot because people could

talk with others different generation, these would
have more positive than negative changes.
Page 134:
1. How is live with people of many generations at the
same time?
2. What is the individual thing you have made for love?
3. Which thing would you like to do again without doubts
in your whole life?
4. Do you think someone have restricted anything for your
age as a kind of discrimination?
5. Are troublesome of live a lot of time or would you like
to live less?

Page 138:
1. Leo has met many important historical figures during
his life, and he looks forward to meeting many more.
2. Marilisa and Leo visited Capri in 1987 on their first
anniversary.
3. Leo has had at least ten different careers so far.
4. Marilisa has been talking to Fyodor for at least thirty
minutes. Do you think they will be done soon?
5. Leo met Leonardo da Vinci over 500 years ago.
6. Doctors at the Hastings Center have been studying
longevity for many years and plan to continue for many
more years.
7. Daniel Callahan doesn’t believe that scientists should
continue working on extending lifespans. Once they have
figured out the effects longer lives will have on society,
then they can start to work on this again.
8. The conference that Dr. Kalish attended last August
dealt with the future of marriage in a society with
prolonged lifespans.
9. Dr. Chris Hackler has been doing research concerning
family relationships of siblings born forty to fifty years
apart. He expects to finish his research next year.
10. Although it is only March, Gregory Stock has written
four papers on how increased lifespans can decrease
healthcare costs. He is expecting to write at least two more
papers before the end of the year.
 UNIT 06:
Vocabulary:
1. Passion: Decision
- She had a passion for gardening.
2. Proudly: Modestly
- She proudly displayed her report to her grandpa.
3. Challenge: Pride
- I like a big challenge and they don't come much bigger than this.
4. Satisfaction: Amusement
- If you can't get any satisfaction, complain to the park owner.
5. Determined: Uncertain
- His enemies are determined to ruin him.
6. Proposal: Order
- After a three-weekend courtship, Pamela accepted Randolph's proposal of marriage.
7. Donate: Sell
- All donated blood is screened for HIV.
8. Admiring: Boring
- He cast her an admiring glance.
9. Devote: Appreciate
-He decided to devote the rest of his life to scientific investigation.
10. Inspired: Saddened
-It was such an inspired piece of casting.
11. Manage: Respond
- He managed a few sentences about his visit to the prison.
12. Thrilled: Scared
- He's thrilled to bits at the news.
Page 153:

1. Justin was able to combine something he loved to

do with volunteer work. How did Justin show that
it is important to have a passion for your volunteer
work?
He shows he likes his volunteering service with his
actions and just watching his face.

2. Who received more joy from Justin’s work: Justin

or the people who received the bikes? Explain.
The people who received the bikes were who
received more joy than the others.

3. No one forced Justin to do what he did. What

makes Justin an exceptional young man? Explain.
He did everything just because he is a good person,
without receive any gift or money, he just did it for
his enormous heart.
Page 157:

1. Amy Rouse supports mandatory volunteering by saying,

“Once they start doing it, they’ll really like it and
hopefully it will become a part of their lives—like it has
become a part of mine.” How would a student opposed to
mandatory volunteering respond to this?
I could say that it isn’t a specific rule, It doesn’t mean all
students that do this going to like, surely there going to be
some who never like a mandatory volunteering.

2. The writer who opposes mandatory volunteering

worries that students often just complete their hours, but
don’t put in any effort. What would be the reaction of
someone in favor of mandatory volunteering?
Someone in favor would say that it is a term it just
happens in the begging because then they going to like.

3. John Maloney states, “Volunteering is better than just

sitting around.” How would someone opposed to
mandatory volunteering respond?
Sometimes someone need just sitting around without do
anything, it can be a good time to relaxing and reflection.
Page 159:
According with the text the volunteering mandatory is one
of the best activities you can do in benefits of society, you
can help in many specifics aspects like in schools, church,
nursing homes or just in the streets cleaning the roads of
trash.
Despite benefits to society, we cannot stop to see the
problems with that, many people who is bring to these
places is obligated for a grade or with the last part of his
career to finish with the career.
Page 166-167:
1. Supporters of mandatory volunteering say that it is
a good way for students to get valuable work
experience. Critics say students should be paid if
they are doing work. (even though)

Supporters of mandatory volunteering say it is a

good way for students to get valuable experience
even though they are not paid.

2. Critics of mandatory volunteering maintain that a

school should not require a student to do anything
after school except homework. Supporters of
mandatory volunteering say that volunteering is
better than just sitting around watching TV or
playing video games. (though)

Though critics of mandatory volunteering maintain

that a school should not require a student to do
anything after school except homework.
Supporters of mandatory volunteering say that
volunteering is better than just sitting around
watching TV or playing video games.

3. Opponents argue that volunteering is a personal

choice, and so it shouldn’t be mandatory.
Supporters note that schools have many required
 classes that may not be a student’s personal choice.
(although)

Although opponents argue that volunteering is a

personal choice, and so it shouldn’t be mandatory,
supporters note that schools have many required
classes that may not be a student’s personal choice.

4. Critics worry that a bad volunteering experience

will stop people from volunteering again in the
future. Supporters maintain that most student
volunteers have successful experiences, and many
continue to volunteer later in life. (in spite of the
fact that).

In spite of the fact that critics worry that a bad

volunteering experience will stop people from
volunteering again in the future. Supporters
maintain that most student volunteers have
successful experiences, and many continue to
volunteer later in life.

5. Supporters believe that mandatory volunteering

can benefit the community. Critics feel that
mandatory volunteers may do a bad job and,
therefore, cause more harm than good. (despite the
fact that)
Supporters believe that mandatory volunteering
can benefit the community despite the fact that
critics feel that mandatory volunteers may do a bad
job and, therefore, cause more harm than good.