i

i
ev

ev
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-R
ss

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e

e
Pr

Pr
ity

ity
rs

rs
Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3 Answers

ve

ve
y

y
op

op
ni

ni
U

U
C

C
11 Exercise 9B 2 i + 6 j − 4k = 4 + 36 + 16 = 56 = 2 14
BOA = cos −1   = 88.7° correct to
ge 4 a 1

ge
22 i Proof ii
 34 54 

w
96
1 
OA = 1 + 4 + 25 =

ie

ie
( −3 j + 7 k ) b λ =3
id

id
1 a b 30,
23 i 5 cos(θ − 0.6435) 58 1 decimal place.

ev

ev
br

br

OB = 9 + 16 + 1 = 26 and 30 + 26 = 56
ii a 1.80, 5.77 2 a d =2

b ON = 6 i + 4 j + 2 k
am

am
6a + ( −2)(4) + (5)( −2) = 0 a = 3

-R

-R
1 3
b 2 tan(θ − 0.6435) + c c × 30 × 26 = 195
2 2 1 2
i+ j+ k
-C

-C
c 4 a 5 k 2 − 3( k + 2) − (7 k + 9) = 0

s
3 3 3 5 16 + ( q − 2)2 = 22 and so q = 2 ± 6.

es

es
9 Vectors 5 k 2 − 10 k − 15 = 0 k 2 − 2 k − 3 = 0
 −6   2   −8 
y

y
Pr

Pr
6 a 25 cm ( k + 1)( k − 3) = 0 → k = −1 or k = 3
op

op
Prerequisite knowledge = d − a =  −6  −  2  =  −8 
3 a i

AD
36.7° (correct to 1 decimal place)       
b ON = 9.6 i + 20 j + 4.2 k
ity

ity
C

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1  0  0   0   10   2
3 2 b OP =  −3  , OQ =  4 
 
rs

rs
w

w
2 a y = x −1 b y = − x−6 = 128 = 8 2, 7 4 + 25 + a 2 = 1 + (1 + a )2 + ( −3)2 so a = 9.
   
ie

ie
2 3
ve

ve
61 1  23   −1 
 13   2   11 

y
a OP = λOQ and using the y-component, λ =
 
ev

ev
3 a 4 cm b 8 .

op

op
ni

ni
4
 
OP ⋅ OQ = 10(2) + ( −3)(4) + (23)( −1) = −15
2 AB = b − a =  5  −  2  =  3 

R

R
     
U

U
(2, 12) 1 1

C
4  4   0   4  Hence, −6 k = (2 k + 13), k = − and

OP = 10 + ( −3) + 23 = 638,
2 2 2
ge

ge
w 4 2

w
= 112 + 32 + 42 = 146, 1 1 
checking 8(1 + k ) = ( −32 k ) gives k = − . OQ = 2 + 4 + ( −1) = 21
2 2 2
ie

ie
id

id
Exercise 9A 4 2 −15 
 5   13   −8  → θ = cos −1 
ev

ev
 = 97.4°
br

br
 3  638 21 
BC = c − b =  −3  −  5  =  −8 

 5   5  b OP =  −2  = 3i − 2 j + 4k and
am

am

-R

-R
     

AB = BC =
1 a  −3   2   4  4   0     

 4 5 NP = 2 j + 3k and MP = −3i − 2 j + k and so
-C

-C
ss

ss
 10  = 8 2,  12  NP ⋅ MP = 2( −2) + 3(1) = −1, NP = 13,
  
 
b AC = 
 −1  OQ =  −8  = 12 i − 8 j + 16 .k

e

e
=


y

y
 5   −6   11    MP 14
Pr

Pr
op

op
338 339
= c − d =  −3  −  −6  =  3   16 

DC
 −7  −1 
−1 
     

a EF =  NPM = cos  = 94.2509 … = 94.3°
ty

ty
2
C

C
 3   4  0   4   13 14 
c

PQ = 9 i − 6 j + 12 k and
si

si
ew

ew
   3   10  =  −7  = 112 + 32 + 42 = 146

PQ = 9 + ( −6) + 12 = 3 29 a ⋅ j = (4)(0) + ( −8)(1) + (1)(0) = −8
er

er
2 2 2 6
b DF − DE =   − 
 5   2   3 
i

i
y

y
v

v
a = 42 + ( −8)2 + 12 = 81 = 9 , j = 1
ev

ev
ii Opposite sides are parallel and equal in  0
op

op
ni

ni
3
      
QR = PR − PQ = PR + QP = QP + PR QED length. Home is the null displacement  0  . Total θ = cos −1 
−8 
R

R
9
U

U
  = 152.733 … = 152.7° correct to
C

C
 0  9 
  1   2  1  11   7.5   13 
ge

ge
4
 
a XY = b − a and BC = 2 b − 2a = 2( b − a ) 1 decimal place.
w

w
OM = OA + AB =  2  +  3  =  3.5   
b i
 vector sum is 8 so to get home the
BC is a scalar multiple of XY , therefore BC is
ie

ie
id

id
2   2      7 a ⋅ b is a scalar and the dot product is a product of
 0  4   2   0 
ev

ev
br

br
parallel to XY .
 −13  two vectors.
so M (7.5, 3.5, 2)
am

am
-R

-R
1
b k= displacement is  −8  . The distance home is
 
2   1  8

 
a OM = 2 i + 4 j + 4 k, NG = −4i + 3 j + 4 k
ii OP = OB +
-C

-C
BD  0
 12   3
s

s
3
es

es
a  10 169 + 64 = 153 cm , correct to the nearest cm.
2  b  4
5   −6   13   b

 
OM ⋅ NG = 2( −4) + 4(3) + 4(4) = 20,
 13 
y

y
    1 
Pr

Pr
 0   2 = 5  +   −6  −  5  
op

op OM = 6, NG = 41, cos 

  20  −1
  3     = 58.6°
 6 41 
q+s−p p − 2q − r − s  4    0   4  
ity

ity
Exercise 9C
C

C
6 a i ii correct to 1 decimal place.
rs

rs
w

b For example, angle AHC = 45° (Interior angle of  13   −19   20  1 a a ⋅ b = 0, a ⊥ b 


9 AM = −77 i + 30 j + 36 k and
ie

ie

1 1
= 5 +  −11  =  4 
ve

ve
a regular octagon = 135° and angle GHC = 90° )
b θ = cos −1   = 81.4°
y

y
  3  3  12
DB = 77 + 36 = 85 so

ev

ev

2 2
−4   13 2 19 
op

op
ni

ni
and the exterior angle (at A) is 45° and so the line  4   8 
1  1
R

R
U

U

AN = 60 j + BD = 60 j + ( −77 i + 36 k )
segments AB and HC are parallel. c e ⋅ f = 0, e ⊥ f
C

C
so P 
20 4 8  5 5
, ,
ge

ge
k = 1+ 2  3 3 3
w

w
77 36
=− i + 60 j + k
2
 
OB ⋅ OA = ( −5)(1) + (0)(7) + (3)(2) = 1
ie

ie
id

id 5 5
7 Proof
ev

ev
br

br
 
OA = 34 , OB = 54
AM ⋅ AN = −77  −
77 
+ 30(60) + 36 

  36 
= 3245
 5   5 
am

am
-R

-R
AM = 25 13


-C

-C
s

s
es

es
Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution
y

y
Pr

Pr
op

op
ity

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C

C
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ie

ie
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ni

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 i

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Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3 Answers

ve

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y

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op

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ni

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U

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C

C
Exercise 9E
b cos −1 
=  0  1  19 
 3889 ge 

ge
AN t = 62.3923 … ° = 62.4°
 41 41 

w
OA + tAB =  4  + t  −3  =  4 − 3t  and so
  1 a Skew
−1  3245  = 54.7° correct to

ie

ie
id

id
MAN = cos       
 25 13 3889   −2   8   −2 + 8t  correct to 1 decimal place

ev

ev
br

br
b Parallel
1 decimal place. x=t 4
a 8 − 4 + 5p = 0 → p = −
am

am
-R

-R
c Intersecting (8, 5, 15) 5
y = 4 − 3t 5
 −3 
3 14 z = −2 + 8t d Intersecting (5, − 1, 3) b i r = −3i + j + 5 k + λ (7 i − j − k )
-C

-C
a AN =  1.5  , AN =
 

s
10
  2 ii Proof

es

es
1 2 p = −80, P (5, − 3, 16)
 4.5  b Oxy plane → z = 0, −2 + 8t = 0, t =
y

y
Pr 4 6 a 6

Pr
cos −1   = 74.5° correct to
4.5
op

op
a 4 i − 3k, − 8 i + 4 j, 12 j + 5 k
→ , , 0
1 3 13 1 13 3
 3 × 1.5 14  →x = , y = 4− = b r = −4i + 6j − 6 k + λ ( −2i − 14 j + 2 k )
4 4 
ity

ity
C

C
4 4 4
1 decimal place. b 55.8°, 72.3°, 51.9°
a r = ( µ + 4) i + ( µ − 7) j + (3µ ) k c −5 i − j − 5 k
rs

rs
w

w
6
  −3 
ie

ie
c 13, 4 14, 3 17
ve

ve
→ r = 4 i − 7 j + µ ( i + j + 3k ) → direction is d 50.6°
MN =  0


y
b
ev

ev
  i + j + 3k which is not a scalar multiple of a r = 3i + 7 j + 9 k + λ (4 i + 4 j + 5 k )

op

op
ni

ni
4
 4.5 
    6 i + j + 3k, so the lines are not parallel.   −2   2 
R

R
U

U
3
AB ⋅ CB =  −4  ⋅  −4 

C

C
b Proof 7 a
PN ⋅ MN = 0, PN =  ,    
 
b cos −1 
c 1.5 16 
ge

ge
  = 44.7° correct to 1 decimal  6   −2 
 11 46 
w

w

a AB = −2 i + 2 j + 4 k
 4.5 − p   0 
5
ie

ie
id

id
place. = ( −2)(2) + ( −4)( −4) + (6)( −2) = 0
3( −3) + 4.5(4.5 − p ) = 0, p = 2.5, OP =  0 
 b e.g. r = i + 5 k + λ ( −2 i + 2 j + 4 k )
ev

ev
br

br
   x  5  −10   −2 
 4
c cos −1 
10 
am

am
 2.5  b AD =  20  and BC =  4  , AD = 5BC .
-R

-R
= 56.938 … ° = 56.9° correct
   
7 a  y  =  −3  + t  −1   2 6 14     
       10   2
-C

-C
Exercise 9D  z  2  −3  to 1 decimal place
ss

ss
The lines AD and BC are parallel.
1 a r = − j + 5 k + λ (2 i + 6 j − k )
e

e
 1   4 d (0, 1, 7)
y

y
Pr

Pr
 −1 
op

op
340 b r = λ (7 i − j − k ) b BA ⋅ d L =  4
  ⋅  −1 
341
c OE =  12  r = − i + 12 j + 4 k + λ ( i − 10 j + 3k )
2
   

c r = 7 i + 2 j − 3k + λ (3i − 4 k ) End-of-chapter review exercise 9
ty

ty
 
C

C
 0   −3 
 4
si

si
2 a x = 2λ b x = 7λ
ew

ew
= 1(4) + (4)( −1) + (0)( −3) = 0
a cos −1   = 47.2466 … ° = 47.2°
40 8 a 36.3°correct to 1 decimal place.
er

er
 2 14 62 
1
y = −1 + 6λ y = −λ
 −3 
   0   −3 
i

i
y

y
v

v
b Point of intersection is (4, 0, 1)
ev

ev
z =5−λ z = −λ
op

op
ni

ni
8 a AB =  −2  so OB + tAB =  −1  + t  −2 
 correct to 1 decimal place
      c Foot of perpendicular is N(3, 2, 4) and
R

R
U

U
c x = 7 + 3λ  −3   −3 
C

C
 2 b r = 2 i + 3 j + 7k + λ (2 i − 5 j − 13k ) 
 = −2 i − j = 2 2 + 12 = 5
ge

ge
y=2 EN
w

w
2 a Not perpendicular as
z = −3 − 4λ   –3t + 3    –3t + 2 
ie

ie
id

id
ON =  –2t + 1  , and then CN =  –2t − 1   −9.5   −4.5 
b
 
OA ⋅ OB = ( −2)(1) + (0)( −1) + (6)(4) = 22 ≠ 0
ev

ev
br

br
   
Direction of line through 9 i + 2 j – 5 k and a PQ =  4  PS =  −6 
3
 
 –3t + 5   –3t + 2   3 9
   
am

am
i + 7 j + k is, for example, 8 i – 5 j – 6 k. The
-R

-R
AB =  −1   2.5   −7.5 
 b i

direction of this line is a scalar multiple of Since CN is perpendicular to L,  
 −2  b R( −5, 0, − 1)
-C

-C
16 i − 10 j − 12 k and so the lines are parallel.
s

s
( −3t + 2 ) ( −3 ) + ( −2t − 1 ) ( −2 ) + ( −3t + 2 ) ( −3 ) = 0
es

es
ii r = −2 i + 6 k + λ (3i − j − 2 k ) c Proof and side length = 7.5 2
a x = 2+t b x = 2t
y

y
4 5
Pr

Pr
22t − 10 = 0, so t =
op

op
, c (4, –2, 2) d T (2, 1, 1.5)
y = 13 + t y = 10 + 5t 11
ity

ity
C

C
z = 1− t z=0  3  −3   18  e i e.g. r = v + λ ( t − v )
3

 

a AH = −9 i + 15 j + 12 k, NH = 2.5 i + 15 j + 6 k
5  1 
ON =  1  + −2  = 1 
rs

rs

w

c x = 1 + 2t −1  274.5  = 37.6695 … ° = 37.7°  5   −3 

  11   11  
ie

ie
ve

ve
−3  b cos
y = −3 + 3t  5   30   1069  r =  17.5 +λ  −16.5 
y

y
ev

ev

 × 15 2     
op

op
ni

ni
z = 4t 2  −13.5   15 
R

R
U

U
correct to 1 decimal place
C

C
 1 ii Proof
ge

ge
c e.g. r = 9 i + λ ( −9 i + 15 j + 12 k ) iii Right, squared-based pyramid
a AB =  −3  so
w

w
5

 
ie

ie
a n=7
id

 8 4
id
ev

ev
br

br
am

am
-R

-R
-C

-C
s

s
es

es
Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution
y

y
Pr

Pr
op

op
ity

ity
C

C
rs

rs
w

w
ie

ie
ve

ve
ev

ev
ni

ni
 i

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-R

-R
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e
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ity

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Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3 Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3

ve

ve
y

y
op

op
ni

ni
U

U
C

C
10 a When λ = −1 the position vector given is P. s3 dh
= k (8 − h ) where k > 0;
3 A
ge = sin(t + 5) + C

ge
c 8 a

w
3 dt
b 185

ie

ie
id
ln V = 2t + c or V = 0

id
d  1 ln 0.8  t
h = 8 − 7.5e 5 

ev

ev
c 143.0° correct to 1 decimal place
br

br
e ln y + 1 = ln x + C or y = −1
am

am
-R

-R
d Foot of perpendicular is ( −3, 29, − 4) so b As t → ∞, h → 8
f − cos y = (1 − x ) sin x − cos x + C
perpendicular distance is 67.
-C

-C
1

s
9 y=− ln(2 − e3x )
2 a y = 5etan x

es

es
11 a r = 7 i + j + 6 k + λ ( 3i + 4 j − 5 k ) 3
y

y
5
Pr

Pr
b P (4, − 3, 11) and r = −5 j + 7 k + µ (4 i + 2 j + 4 k ) dx
op

op
y2 2y2 x3 54 10 a = − kxt B C
b − = −x− dt
2 5 3 5
ity

ity
C

C
c

PQ =6 kt 2
3 y = ln(e x + 1) b ln x = − +C
rs

rs
w

w
12 a p = 2, q = −1 2
π 3π
ie

ie
ve

ve
dy c 47.4 seconds correct to 3 significant figures 4 a − ,
b 7 i + 4 j + 8k

y
= 5 y3x
ev

ev
4 a 4 4

op

op
ni

ni
dx
c cos −1 
51  1
( ln P − ln 5 − P )+C b 2.29 radians correct to 3 significant figures
R

R
= 17.8584 … ° = 17.9°
U

U
 29 99 
1 11 a
y2 =

C
b 5
6 − 5x 2 a 5
ge

ge
w 5

w
correct to 1 decimal place. 1 1 15e5t
5 a + b P=
ie

ie
b 0.927 radians correct to 3 significant figures or
id

id
3(2 − x ) 3( x + 1) 2 + 3e5t
ev

ev
br

br
10 Differential equations c As t → ∞, P → 5 53.1° correct to 1 decimal place
2(e3t − 1)
x= x→2
am

am
b i ii
-R

-R
Prerequisite knowledge e3t + 2 c −2 i + 11j
12 73.4 million correct to 3 significant figures
6 Proof
-C

-C
w = 0.02 r 3
ss

ss
1
2 1 Exercise 11A
x
x= 13 a − cos x 2 + c
e

e
60e 4 7 2
y

y
y=
1 2
Pr

Pr
2 sin t
1 a 12i b i
op

op
342 x 6− e4 344
3
1 + 3e 4 y2 1
x2 b = − cos x 2 + 1
ty

ty
C

C
8 ye y + 1 − e y + 1 = − ln x + C 2 2 c (3 10 )i d 13i
1
si

si
3 a ln 3x − 1 + c 2
ew

ew
3 ln(1 − 3 ln cos x ) b (9 + 2 2 )i
er

er
1 π 2 a 8
y = tan tan −1  + 
x 14 y=
− ln cos x + c 9
i

i
b 2  4
y

y
v

v
2 3
ev

ev
5
op

op
ni

ni
c 29 d
c − xe − x − e − x + c 1
R

R
ln 1 − 2 y = 2 + B 6
U

U
10 dx 15  3x 
C

C
x 15 a = k (2000 − x )x, t = ln
2 2  2000 − x  8
( ln x − 2 − ln 3x + 1 ) + c dt
ge

ge
4 t+
1
3 a i 7
w

w
sin 2t b i
7 11 x=e 2 b 30.3 hours correct to 3 significant figures 5 2
ie

ie
id

id
5 a y 1 t 1
c i
ev

ev
2
e +C
br

br
12 a 2
2 x2 − 4
y=
am

am
16
-R

-R
x3 1 t 5t 2 1 2 x2 + 4
b = e + − Exercise 11B
3 2 2 6 θ 1
-C

-C
s

s
3 17 ln x + 2 = − sin 4θ + ln 2 , x = 1.09 correct 1 a 6 − 5i b 4+i
es

es
13 y= 2 8
2 − x2
y

y
to 3 significant figures 1 13
Pr

Pr
c 11 + 7i d − − i
op

1 14 k = ln 7 ,
1
ln(3x 2 + x 4 ) = t ln 7 + ln 2 op 5 5
ity

ity
C

C
2
2 a −1 ± ( 2 3 )i b −2 ± i
O x
ln ln x + C 11 Complex numbers
rs

rs
w

15 a
1 3
ie

ie
ve

ve
b k = 12 y = B ln x where B = eC c ± i d 3±i 6
b Prerequisite knowledge
y

y
2 2
ev

ev
op

op
ni

ni
16 48 hours (to the nearest hour) 1 a 3a − 2bx b 2 a − abx − 3b x
2 2 2 4 14 5 7
Exercise 10A e − ± i f − ± i
R

R
U

U
C

C
4
3 3 4 4
x 2 a −2 2 b −1
ge

ge
1 a y= − 6x + C
w

w
4 Exercise 10B 3 a x = 3, y = −1 b x = 1, y = 3
c 2− 3
ie

ie
id

id
b A = π r2 + C c x = 1, y = 2
ev

ev
br

br
dh
1 a = − kh2 where k > 0
dt a 5 + 5i
am

am

4 b 41
-R

-R
-C

-C
s

s
es

es
Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution
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Pr

Pr
op

op
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ie
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-R

-R
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Answers Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3

ve

ve
y

y
op

op
ni

ni
U

U
C

C
c 40 − 42i d 28 − 96i  2π  5 x = 8, y = 3 b Im(z)
ge e (41, −1.79)  2, − 

ge
f

w
 3 
e 5 − 2i f −1 + i 6 z = −0.5, z = 3 + i, z = 3 − i

ie

ie
id

id
g (3, 0.730) h (25, − 2.86)

ev

ev
z = 3i, z = −3i, z = 1 + 2i, z = 1 − 2i
br

br
1 5 7 O
g 5−i h − i Re(z)
2 2  2 k, − π 
am

am
-R

-R
i 8 a −5 + i, 5 − i
1 2 6  4
5 a Proof b z= − i b −3 − i 2, 3 + i 2
-C

-C
10 ( cos(1.89) + i sin(1.89) )

s
5 5 4 a (0, −3)

es

es
−π
6 a z 2 + 49 = 0 b z 2 − 2 z + 26 = 0 10 ( cos(0.322) + i sin(0.322) ) 2 −i
3
, − 2+i
3 –
3
y

y
Pr c

Pr
2 2
10 ( cos ( −1.25) + i sin( −1.25) )
op

op
c z 2 − 4 z + 13 = 0 d z 2 + 5 z + 14 = 0 d 4 − 3i, − 4 + 3i
ity

ity
C

C
b AC is a straight line, midpoint O as z1 = z3 . e 1 + i 5, − 1 − i 5
1 3
rs

rs
x= , y= c
w

w
7 Im(z)
1 π
2 2 Angle AOB = π − tan −1 (3) − tan −1   = . π −3 π
ie

ie
ve

ve
7
 3 2 f
2 4i
e ,
2
e 4
i

y
1 + 2i
ev

ev
8 Triangles AOB and AOC are isosceles, since 2 2 6

op

op
ni

ni
a z =2−i p = 37, q = −40
R

R
z1 = z2 and z2 = z3 . QED.
U

U
9 b 5
z − 10 z + 28 = 0

C
2
9
4
ge

ge
w c Im(z)

w
3 3 3
10 3.2 − 2.4i amps 5 a + i b 1.91 + 4.62i 3
ie

ie
id

id
2
2 2
2
ev

ev
br

br
1 3 2 3 2 1 B
Exercise 11C c − d − i 1
am

am
2 2 2
-R

-R
C
O
All angles are given in radians correct to 3 significant 73 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Re(z) –1 O
z2 = , arg z 2 = 3.02 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 1 2 3 Re(z)
-C

-C
6 –1
ss

ss
figures where rounded. 97 A –1
–2
e

e
iπ iπ –2
y

y
1 a Im(z) −
Pr

Pr
7 a 5e 6 b 2e 4
op

op
C B 345 346
2 d Im(z)
5 πi
ty

ty
C

C
1 − 1 15 5
2e 12 10 a = 16, b = −1, z = 4i, z = −4i, z = + i, z
si

si
c 2 2
ew

ew
5 4
er

er
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 5 1 15
Re(z) z i, z = − i
5 3 5
i

i
–1 2 2 3
y

y
v

v
a= , b=
ev

ev
8
op

op
ni

ni
A
–2 2 2 2
R

R
U

U
C

C
9 a r2 b cos 2θ + i sin 2θ Exercise 11E 1
ge

ge
w

w
b ( − u )* = −5 − 2i 10 a Proof b Proof π
1 a A half-line from (2, − 3) at an angle of
ie

ie
–1 O
id

id
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Re(z)
2 a 12 –1
ev

ev
Im(z)
br

br
radians.
P Exercise 11D
am

am
5 –2
-R

-R
b The region to the right of the perpendicular
4 All angles are given in radians correct to 3 significant bisector of the points (0, 6) and (10, 0) –3
-C

-C
s

s
figures where rounded. Im(z)
c A circle, centre ( −6, 1), radius 7.
es

es
3 3 5 1±i√15
a 1
y

y
1
5π
Pr

Pr
op

op
2 d A half-line from (0, 0) at an angle of 4
b z2 = i, z3 = −1 and real 12 3
ity

ity
C

C
1
radians.
2
a z = 7, z = 4 + i 3, z = 4 − i 3
rs

rs
2
w

2 a Im(z)
ie

ie

1
ve

ve
–7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1
O
1 Re(z) 11 −25 + i 3 −25 − i 3 7
b z=− , z=
y

, z=

y
ev

ev

6
8 16 16
op

op
ni

ni
–1 –5 –4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 5 Re(z)
Q 5
R

–1
U

U
6
C

C
3 (cos1.78 + i sin1.78), − 4
–2
ge

ge
b −3 + 2i 2
w

w
3
–3
 π 6
ie

ie
id

), (cos( −1.78) + i sin( −1.78))

2 id
3 a (13, 2.75) b  5,  + –4
 2 2
ev

ev
1
br

br
–5
z = 3, z = 5i, z = −5i
am

am

c (17, 1.08) d (61, − 0.181) 4 –1 O

-R

-R
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Re(z)
–1
-C

-C
s

s
es

es
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Pr

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op

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ev
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-R

-R
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Answers Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3

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y

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op

op
ni

ni
U

U
C

C
4 Im(z)
ge 8 Im(z) z = 12 + 5i
z ( k 2 − 36) − 12 ki  π ( − π4 ) i

ge
y = –4 2 a zz* = k 2 + 36, 6 a  8, −  b 2 2e

w
=
15 z* k 2 + 36  6

ie

ie
id

id
10
( − 712π ) i, u = 2e( − 712π ) i 7 a w = −1 + i

ev

ev
br

br
O Re(z)
5 b uw = 8e
w
am

am
-R

-R
b i Im(z)
–15 –10 –5 O 5 10 15 Re(z)
3 a Im(z) Isosceles triangle
P
-C

-C
(0, –4) –5
2

s
es

es
–10
1
y

y
–15
Pr

Pr
op

op
(0, –8)
Im(z) z = 1 + 2i π–
9
ity

ity
C

C
–1 O 1 Re(z)
5 Im(z) (x – 3)2 + (y + 6)2 = 9 3
–1
rs

rs
w

w
(3, 3)
–1 O
ie

ie
ve

ve
–3 –2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Re(z)
–1 –2

y
ev

ev
π
– Q

op

op
ni

ni
4
–2
R

R
(–1, 0) O
U

U
Re(z)
 

C
2  cos π  + i sin π  
u 3 3 O Re(z)
–3 b =
4   4 
ge

ge
w w 

w
ii z = 4 + ( 3 + 3 ) i
–4
ie

ie
id

id
1
–5 4 a x= , y=3
ev

ev
br

br
10 a ( x − 5)2 + ( y − 5)2 = 25 2
8 a x = −3, y = 2 or x = 3, y = − 2
am

am
–6 b Right-angled
-R

-R
Im(z)
b Im(z) C 5 B
–7 b i Proof
-C

-C
4
ss

ss
–8 1 i 1 i
3
ii z1 = 3, z2 = − + , z3 = − −
e

e
y

y
–9 2 2 2 2 2
Pr

Pr
op

op
347 348
–10 1 9 a z2 = 3 + 2i
ty

ty
C

C
6 No –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 4 1 3 1 3
si

si
Im(z)
b z=− , z= − i, z = + i
ew

ew
–1 Re(z)
3 6 2 6 2
er

er
–2
f ( −3) = 0
i

i
y

y
v

v
O 10 a i
ev

ev
Re(z) –3
5π O
op

op
ni

ni
Re(z)
6 –4 1 15
ii z = 1, z = −3, z = −
R

R
U

U
π + i, z
C

C
(–4, –2) A 4 4
c Least arg z = 0 , greatest arg z = –5
ge

ge
2 1 15
i, z = − −
w

w
z i
4 4
ie

ie
21 20
id

id
(0, –5)
End-of-chapter review exercise 11 c i − i
b i
ev

ev
br

br
29 29 Im(z)
All angles are given in radians correct to 3 significant ii cos ( −0.761 ) + i sin ( −0.761 )
am

am
-R

-R
(–1, √3)
figures where rounded. 5 a z1 = −2 3 + i, z2 = −2 3 − i
-C

-C
s

s
Im(z) 1 a −0.1 − 1.7i b
es

es
Im(z)
7 least = 6√5
b w = 1 − 5i, w = 1 + 5i
y

y
Pr

Pr
greatest = 10√5
op

op
20 A 1
c Im(z)
O Re(z)
ity

ity
C

C
7
rs

rs
w

6
ie

ie

π
ve

ve
10 –2√3 O Re(z)
5 ii Min. arg z =
y

y
ev

ev

2
op

op
ni

ni
4 –1 π π π 5π
iii Max. arg z = + + =
R

R
U

U
B
C

C
3 2 6 6 6
ge

ge
w

w
O 10 Re(z) 2 11 a i z 2 + 3z + 4 = 0
ie

ie
id

id
1 Reflection in the real axis
ev

ev
br

br
ii z1 = 2
c z1 = z2 = 13 , arg z1 = 2.86, arg z2 = −2.86
am

am
-R

-R
–4 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 3 Re(z)
-C

-C
s

s
es

es
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y
Pr

Pr
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op
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ity
C

C
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ie
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ev
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ev
-R

-R
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rs

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Answers Cambridge International AS & A Level Mathematics: Pure Mathematics 2 & 3

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op

op
ni

ni
U

U
C

C
1+ i 3 1− i 3 3 1 3 1 π π
Least z = 3sin  =
ge 3 2

ge
b i z = −1, z = , z= 16 i + i ii − + i 8 i u = 8 or 2 2, arg u = or 45°

w
2 2 2 2 2 2 4  4 2

ie

ie
id

id
ii Im(z) ii Im(z) Im(z)

ev

ev
br

br
Cross-topic review exercise 4 3 O Re(z)
am

am
-R

-R
2
1 B  −5   6 1 × 3
a r= 0+λ  7
-C

-C
1 –π

s
    ×
4
 −1  –1 O

es

es
C  3 –1
1 2 3 4 5
y

y
O Re(z)
Pr

Pr
–1 1 2 Re(z) m = −2
op

op
b i
iii z = 8 − 1 = 7
iii Circle, centre 3 − 3i, radius 1.
ity

ity
C

C
A ii Proof
–1
Im(z)
rs

rs
Im(z)
w

w
2 y = 4( x − 1)
2 2
3
ie

ie
ve

ve
2 –1 O 1 2 3 4

y
1 –1
ev

p = −2, q = −25

ev
3 a Re(z)

op

op
ni

ni
1 √8 –2
Equilateral
R

R
|z|
U

U
14

C
b i ( −10 i + j − 5 k ) –1 O 1 2 3 4 5
–3 ×
12 a Proof
ge

ge
w 42 –1 –4

w
Re(z)
 z  ii Angle POQ = 90°; 63 5
ie

ie
z
id

id
b = 1, arg   = −0.841 Proof
 z*  9 i
ev

ev
Greatest z = 32 + ( −3)2 + 1 = 3 2 + 1
br

br
z*
π
4 i z = 2 , arg z = or 30° or 0.524 radians ii − ln(20 − x ) = 0.05t − ln 20
am

am
c 3z − 4 z + 3 = 0
2
-R

-R
6 Im(z)

ii a 3 3 + i iii 7.9 –1 O
-C

-C
1 2 3 4
13 a k = −1 b arg z = 0.862 –1
ss

ss
Re(z)
3 i iv t becomes very large, x approaches 20 –2
e

e
14 i 7 − 2i b +
y

y
265
Pr

Pr
2 2 a r = −2 i + j − k + µ ( i + 3k ) –3 ×
op

op
349 350 10 b
1
πi iii Im(z) 5 –4
Im(z)
6.69e 4
ty

ty
ii
C

C
3
B(1, √3) 11 i ln R = ln x − 0.57 x + 3.80 R = xe −0.57 x + 3.80
si

si
6 2 a m = −1, m = −4
ew

ew
× 17
1
er

er
5 y=x 1 ×A(√3, 1) ii R = e −1+ 3.80 = 28.850...
0.57 b m = −3
i

i
y

y
v

v
ev

ev
4 ×
op

op
ni

ni
O 1 2 3 4 5 π
–1 i
P y= 1 x+2
R

R
U

U
3 Re(z) 12 i 9e 3 c AB and CD do not intersect.
C

C
√3
π π 5
i − πi − πi
ge

ge
2 i
iθ
= iθ
= = 18 i Proof
w

w
5 x= 2 sin 2θ − 1 ii re 3e 6 or re 3e 6 3e 6
1
ie

ie
id

id
13 y = 4(2 + e ) 3x 2
ii −6 ø p ø 2
 4
ev

ev
br

br
O 3 6 Re(z)
a OS =  −3  b 50.1°

a  −7 
am

am
6 Im(z)
-R

-R
–1 14
   3 4
–2  0
 
-C

-C
 −13 
s

s
b 33, 26
es

es
15 i u = −2 − 2i, v = 1 + 2i 15 ln y = ln x − x 2 + 1 + ln 2 and y = 2 xe − x
2
+1
.
3π
–
c 65.8°, 114.2° correct to 1 decimal place
y

y
4 π
Pr

Pr
–
op

op
ii Im(z) 4
16 i u =3 O
2 11 –4 4
ity

ity
2
C

C
7 i − + i
π 5 5 ii Half-line from (0, − 3) Re(z)
rs

rs
w

4 Im(z)
1 ii Im(z)
ie

ie
ve

ve
2
y

y
3π 4
ev

ev

4 1
op

op
ni

ni
3
O
R

R
U

U
–2 –1 1 2 3 Re(z)
2×
C

C
–1 O 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1
ge

ge
–1 1 Re(z)
w

w
–2 π
–
4
ie

ie
id

id
–2 –3 –2 –1 O 1 2 –3
ev

ev
br

br
Re(z)
am

am
-R

-R
π
Least z − w = 3sin   − 1 =
3 2
−1
4 2
-C

-C
s

s
es

es
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Answers

ve

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op
ni
U

C
iii w* = 2 − 4i ge 26 i The roots are: −3 + i 2 and 3 − i 2.

w
Im(z)
ii w − (1 + 2i) = 1: circle, centre (1, 2) radius 1

ie
id
6

ev
3
br

4 arg( z − 1) = π : half-line, above and to the left

4
am

-R
of the point (1, 0)
2
-C

s
Im(z)

es
3
×
y

–4 –2 O 2 4 6 8 Pr
10 Re(z)
op

2 ×
–2
ity
C

rs
w

–4 1
×
ie

ve

3
–π

y
ev

4
–6

op
ni

×
–2 –1 O 1 2 3
R

C
Re(z)
z−5 = 5 –1
ge

2
w
3e16 x − 1
y=
ie
id

19 b Least w − z = 2 −1
3 − e16 x
2
ev
br

20 i Proof 27 a Proof
am

-R

5 5
5 5 5 b m = −4
2 2 1 2 60 H 2 − 60 h 2
-C

ii h =− H 2t + H 2 t =
ss

5 150 5 5 c 73.2°
H2
e

1
y

iii t = 49.3933... = 49.4

Pr

t
1800e 2
op

351
28 i N = 1
21 a r = 2 i + 5 j + 7 k + λ (7 i − 6 j − 9 k )
ty

t
C

5+ e2
ii 1800
si

b 127.0°
ew

er

22 i Im(z) 29 i The roots are: − 3 + i 2 and − 3 + i 2 .

i

y
v

2 ×C
ev

op
ni

ii Circle, centre (0, 3), radius 2. Greatest

R

B
C

1 × value of arg z = 2.3005... = 2.30 correct to

ge

3 significant figures.
ie
id

×
–1 O 1 2 3 4 Im(z)
ev
br

Re(z) 6
–1 ×A
am

-R

4
-C

OABC is a parallelogram.
s

×
es

u*
ii = 0.8 + 0.6i iii Proof 2
y

Pr

u
op

23 i Second root is 1 − ( 2 )i .
ity
C

–4 –2 O 2 4
ii Other two roots are −1 ± i .
rs
w

Re(z)
ie

a h=3
ve

24 dV
y

30 i = 80 − kV
ev

dt
op
ni

10
b ( j + 3k )
R

10 4 − 4e −15 k
C

ii kn +1 = ; 0.14
ge

c 94.9° 25
w

iii V = 540 cm 3 correct to 2 significant figures, V

ie
id

d r = 5 i + 4 j + λ (5 i − 3k )
80
ev
br

approaches the value given by = 570 cm3

y3 2 10 k
am

= 2 xe3x − e3x + , y = 2.437... = 2.44

-R

25 correct to 2 significant figures.

3 3 3
correct to 3 significant figures
-C

s
es

Copyright Material - Review Only - Not for Redistribution

y

Pr
op

ity
C

rs
w
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ve
ev

ni