lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Chapter 3 Lesson 1 to 5 - FS1

Education (Bohol Island State University)

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Le
sson1 Le
arne
r'
sGe
nde
r,Ne
eds
,St
rengt
hs,
Int
ere
sts
,andEx
per
ie
nce
s

Str
eng
thli
esi
nd i
ff
ere
nces
,noti
nsi
mil
ar
it
i
es.Thi
sles
sonwi
llg
uid
ey o
uinund
ers
tand
ingyo
ur
s
tude
nts
'gender
,nee
ds,st
rengt
hs,i
nt
er
est
s,a
nde xp
eri
enc
es.Th
eo bj
ect
i
vesoft
hi
sless
ona r
ethe
f
ol
lo
wing:

1
.ob
serv
eh owstak
ehol
dersca
npromo
teagend
er-
sens
it
i
vesch
ool
/
cl
ass
roo
m;
2
.di
sc
usstheste
psincre
ati
ngast
uden
t-
cen
ter
edcl
assr
oom;an
d
3
.de
ter
minethest
reng
thsandwea
knes
sesofy
ourst
uden
ts.

Educ
ati
onThe
ory

Ani
e k
eeEzeki
elon
ceq uot
edtha
ttheabi
li
tytoreco
gniz
ea ndre
spec
tin
div
idua
ldi
ff
erencesi
sth
e
b
egin
ningo fasucce
ssf
ulre
lat
io
n s
hip
.Studen
t-
teacherr
elat
i
onshipisv
eryi
mport
antt
opromoteamo r
e
e
ff
ect
iveinst
ruct
i
on.Howeve
r,t
hiswil
lbeimpossi
bl
ewi t
houtknowin
gtheuni
quen
essandd i
ff
ere
n c
esof
y
ourst
ud e
nts-t
hehea
rtan
dc en
teroft
eac
hingandl
e a
rnin
g.

Topromot
egender-
sensi
t
ivecl
assr
ooms,t
heDe p
EdissuedDepEdOrder32,s
eri
esof 2017.Thi
s
p
oli
cyensur
esagender-
re
sponsi
vep hy
si
calandsoc
ialen
vir
onmentth
atpro
mo t
esrespe
ctforallpeopl
e
a
ndh asaz er
otol
eranceforallfo
rmso fdi
scr
imi
nati
on,vi
ol
ence,andabuse.Ital
sop r
o mo t
esthe
i
nst
i
tut
i
onal
iz
ati
onofge
n de
r-
responsi
vet
eachi
ng-
le
arni
ngplan
s,gui
des,pr
oce
sses,act
i
vi
ti
es,me chani
sms
a
ndme as
ures
.Wit
hthi
sp o
li
cy,wecanassur
ethat
genderst
er
eoty
pingwhi
chig
noresi
ndi
vid
ualdiff
eren
ces
i
nbasi
ceducat
i
onwil
lbepre
vente
d .

T
oe ns
uretha
tcla
ssroomlear
ningisfunandenj
oya
ble,t
hen ee
dsa ndint
er
est
softhest
udent
s
s
houl
db eth
ep r
i
ori
tyofe
veryschoo
l.RA1 053
3a d
here
stothi
spri
nci
plebymakin
gthecur
ri
cul
umlear
ner
-
c
ente
red,in
clu
siv
e,andd evel
opmenta
ll
ya ppr
opr
iat
e.Moreo
ve r
,thi
sp ol
i
cyma keseduc
ati
onlear
ner
-
o
ri
ente
da ndresp
onsi
vetotheneeds,cogni
ti
veandcul
tu
ralcapaci
t
y,aswe l
lastheci
r
cumst
a n
cesand
d
ive
rsi
tyofl
ear
ners
,scho
ols
, a
ndc o
mmu nit
i
es.

Thr
oug
hthes
epol
ic
ies
,sch
ool
scanf
ol
lo
wal e
a r
ner
-c
ent
er
edcur
ri
cul
umthati
sanc
hore
d.i
nthe
l
ear
ner
s'n
eedsan
dint
er
est
s.Bar
nes(
201
3)out
l
ine
sfi
veste
pstocr
eat
eaprogr
ess
ive
,st
uden
t-
cen
ter
ed
c
las
sro
om:

1
.cr
eateongoi
ngproj
ect
s;
2
.in
tegr
atete
chnol
ogy;
3
.repl
acehomeworkwi
theng
agi
ngi
n-c
las
sac
ti
vi
t
ies
;
4
.el
imin
a t
erul
esandcons
equen
ces
;and
5
.in
vol
ves t
udent
sinev
alu
ati
on.

Obs
erv
ati
on

1
. Int
er
vi
ewthefol
l
owi
ngi
nte
rnalsc
hoolst
ake
hol
der
sonh owt
heypr
omo
teag
end
ers
ens
it
i
ve
s
chool
/
cl
ass
roo
m.Wri
t
eth
eirr
espo
nsesont
heli
nesp
rov
ide
dbel
ow.

Sc
hool
pri
nci
pal
:Mr
.Ja
yma
rPa
jent
e

Acc
ordi
ngtoh
im,ast
hesch
oolpr
i
nci
palhei
ncl
ude
dag
end
ers
ens
it
i
vei
nth
ecl
ass
roo
m
b
ysu
bje
cti
nt
egr
ati
onus
ingof
gen
derne
utr
all
ang
uage
.

De
par
tme
nthe
ad:Mr
s.Ar
le
neBa
cus

Mrs.Ar
l
eneBacu
ssaid
,forme,Ipr
omot
egenders
ensi
ti
vesch
o o
lcla
ssro
omb y
a
ckn
owl
edg
inge
ver
yon
eanda
ll
owi
ngth
emtob
ethe
msel
ves
.Mal
es,
femal
esorwhe
thert
heya
re

5
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def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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membersofth
es oca l
le
dL GBTQ,sol
onga st
heyabi
deandresp
ecttherul
esi
nthecla
ss,
par
ti
ci
pat
eswella
ndd othei
rpar
tasast
udent
.Whatr
eal
l
ymatt
er
stomeisfort
heres
pec
ttost
il
l
bepre
sent
.Genderwon'
tbeab i
gofa
nissu
etome.Youdoy
ou,an
drest
a s
sur
ed,t
her
ewoul
db e
nodi
scri
min
ati
onasIwo ul
dma k
eitc
lea
rtoth
ecla
sstha
tIwon'
tal
lo
wo reve
nmo r
esotol
er
ate
suc
hb e
havi
ori
nan yf
orm.

Co
ope
rat
i
ngt
eac
her

T h
eco
oper
ati
ngt
eacheri
sth
eindi
vi
dual
whoi
sinch
argeof
over
see
ingt
hema
nya
cti
vi
t
ies
t
hatca
tert
ost
uden
tswit
hdis
abil
i
ti
es.Th
isgr
oupoft
eac
her
sisinch
arg
eofmaki
ngt
hes
tud
ents
f
eela
teasewh
il
eper
for
minganyt
askoract
i
vi
ty
.

Gui
danc
ecouns
ell
or:Sr
.Ha
zel
Mej
ora
da,
MSOL
TC

Onmyin t
er
viewed
,Accor
di
ngtoSr.Haz
elMej
or
ada,MSOLTCthegui
danc
ec o
uns
elo
rof
Chr
is
ttheKi
ngColl
egedeMa r
and
ing,I
nc.
said“
AsaGuida
nceCounse
lor
,Ipr
omote
dthegend
er
se
nsi
ti
vi
tyt
hr
oughimplement
i
ngourgui
dancepr
ogr
amwith
outbi
asorst
ereo
typ
etoo u
rst
udent
s
r
egar
dle
ssofwhoth
eya r
eorwhatt
heyar
e.Wetr
eat
edthe
me qua
ll
y.
”

B.
Dis
cus
sho
wth
efo
ll
owi
ngs
tep
scr
eat
eap
rog
res
si
ve,
stu
den
t-
cen
ter
edc
las
sro
om.

1
.Cr
eat
eongoi
ngpr
oje
cts
.

Throughgi
vi
ngof v
ari
edact
ivi
t
ies
/pr
oj
ect
sthetea
cherwi
lla
ssessst
udent
sthei
rpote
nti
al
s
t
oacert
ainproj
ect
stha
tenhanceandappl
ythei
radva
ncethi
nki
ngandlear
ni
ngtoacertai
npiec
e
o
fwork
.Byt hi
sst
udent
s’canexpl
oret
hei
rlea
rni
ngcapabi
l
it
iest
hatc
anb ui
l
dtheminal e
sson.I
n
c
rea
ti
ngo ngoi
ngpr
ojec
tspromot
esma s
ter
yofsubj
ectmatt
erbei
ngta
u g
htandle
arned.Lear
ni
ng
o
bje
cti
vesa n
ds t
andar
ds,fo
rjustabou
tanys u
bje
ctma t
t
er,ca
nb eme tt
hrou
ghwe l
l-de
sig
ned
p
roj
ect
sa nda ct
i
vit
i
es.An dprovi
di
ngs t
uden
tswithvari
ousproj
ectchoi
cesall
owst hemto
d
emonst
ratewhatt
hey'
r
elearni
ng.

2
.Integrat
etechnology.
I
ntegr
ati
ngc omp ut
ert
ec h
nologyin
tothec l
assr
oomcanserveasame ansfort
eache
rsto
su
p por
tande nha ncelear
ning,cr
ea t
eo ppor
tuni
ti
estoc on
nectwit
hs t
udent
s,a ndencour
age
st
udent
stoc onnectwi t
hinfo
rma t
i
oni nnewa n dexci
ti
ngways.Techn
ologycanh el
pteac
hers
f
aci
li
tat
ea ne as
ier,mo r
ep roduct
i
vel ea
rni
nge xperi
ence
.So meexamplesofthisinpl
aya r
e:
Pr
ep a
ri
ngforane ver-
inc
reasi
ngdigi
t
a l
wo r
ld
.J o
b s
, e
speci
al
ly
,oft
enrel
yheavi
l
yonc omput
erski
l
ls
andonli
nemo deso fcommu n
icat
ion,suc
ha sema il
.Tec
hnol
ogyineducat
i
one n
a bl
eschi
ld
rento
adj
ustt
othei
r o
wnp aceofl
earni
ng.Student
swh oneedext
rati
mecanspendmo r
etimegoi
ngover
ex
erci
sesunti
lth
eyu nde
rst
and,whil
ststu
dentswh oneedl
esssuppor
tcancont
in
u eahead
.Ital
so
f
reesuptheteac
he rtohel
pk i
dswhon eedmo r
es uppor
tonanind
ivi
dual
lev
el.

3
.Re pl
acehome workwit
he ngagingin-cl
assa ct
i
viti
es.
Asas t
udent,sc
hoo l
wo r
kise asi
erbecausewec ans i
mpl
yGo ogl
ewh a
tev
erwed on'
t
u
nd e
rst
and,andId orel
yo nitono cca
sion.I
'ma war
ethatt
h emaj
ori
tyofst
udent
sassi
gnthei
r
t
askstothei
rpare
ntsorelders,whichisnotencourag
ed.In
steadofcompl
et
inghomewor
k,th
e
t
eachersho
uldpre
sentdi
ff
erenti
atedact
ivi
t
iesincl
a s
s.Thi
sall
owste
a c
herst
okeeptr
ackofeac
h
o
fthei
rs t
udent
sandd et
erminewh atth
eyre q
uir
et h
emo st
.Itcanal
soa s
si
stst
udent
sinta
kin
g
g
reat
erownershi
pofthe
irl
earni
n gandiden
ti
fyi
ngva r
i
ousst
rengt
hsandli
mit
at
io
ns.

4
.El
i
mina
ter
ule
sandc
ons
eque
nce
s.

5
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or2
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ude
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eac
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Establ
i
shi
ngc l
ass
roomrule
sa ndp r
ocedur
eshelpste
achersma i
ntai
nclassrou
ti
nesa n
d
st
udentexpect
ati
onsforcl
asswor
ka ndb ehavi
ors
.Ha v
ingar ul
esa ndc o
nsequencesthatare
cl
ear
lydefi
nedandposte
dh e
lpstu
de n
tsunder
standwhati
sappropr
iat
ea ndwhatisnot
,aswe l
las
t
heco ns
eq ue
ncesforru
levi
o l
at
io
ns.Ru l
esandc onse
quencessyst
e misessenti
ali
nc r
eati
nga
cu
lt
ureofrespecta
nda c
ademicachi
evementinthecl
assr
oom.Beforeemb a
rki
ngo ntac
kl
ingyour
bi
glear
ninggoal
sfort
heyear,y
ourstud
en t
sneedac ha
ncetoint
er
na l
iz
erule
sa ndconsequ
ences,
hav
eac hancetoseethemill
ust
ra
tedo rdemonstr
at
ed,andu n
derstan
dwh ythe y
’r
en ec
essar
y.
Whenwef o l
l
owrules
,wea remakinggoodc hoi
cesaboutouracademicsuccessando u
rliv
es.
Whenwed onotf
oll
owrul
es,wea r
ema ki
ngb adchoi
ces,an
dtherewill
bec ons
eq ue
ncestohel
p
yo
uc ont
i
nu eonyourpr
ogre
sstowardyouracademi
cgoals
.

5
.Invol
vestude
ntsinevaluat
ion.
Teach
e r
sp r
ovi
deo pport
uni
t
ies
,me t
hods
,feedb
ack,andtoo
lsf
ors
tud
ent
stoasse
ss
t
hemsel
vesandeachoth
e r
.But,
ontheot
hers
idenot
all
tea
cher
sgiv
esago
odass
ess
ment
stot
he
s
tude
nts
.Stud
e n
tsals
osh o
uldeval
uat
ethet
eache
rst
eachi
ngst
yl
es.

C.
Lis
tdo
wn1
0st
r
eng
thsa
ndwe
akn
ess
eso
fth
est
ude
ntsf
r
omt
hec
las
syo
uha
veo
bse
rve
d.

St
ude
ntNa
me Strengths We aknesses
1
.Ana Shei sc onfi
dentt os peak,a T i
mema nageme ntan
d
good list
en er
,c reat
ive a ndp r
ocras
ti
nati
on
par
ti
cip
ati
ve.
2.Davi
d Heisc onfi
dente n
o ug
h ,act
iv
elyT i
mema nageme nt
par
ti
cip
ati
vea ndc ooperat
iv
e
3.Ruby Shei sh avead e
termina
ti
on, Shytyp
e
eager
nessa nda t
tent
io
ns eeker
.
4.Ja
ck Heisane nergeti
c,confi
dentan
d Didn otl
i
stencaref
ul
ly
expl
ore
r
5.Je
k-j
ek Heisbehavea ndp ar
ti
cipat
iv
e Shytoaskhelp
, La
ckoffo
cus
6.Davi
n He i s p ar
ti
ci
p at
i
ve a ndL a
c kofcon
fid
en c
e
cooper
at
ive.
7.Ji
mmy He isd etermined,co oper
at
iv
e L a
c kofmot
ivat
ion
anddete
rmin edstudent
.
8.To
my Heisveryen er
g e
ti
c,explor
er Af
raidt
orai
seh i
sh a
nd
andcooperati
ve.
9.Kat
hr
ene Sheisparti
cipat
iv
ea nd La
c kofcon
fid
en c
e
cooper
at
ive.
10
.Rach
el Sheisv erye nerget
ic,e x
plo
rer Hesi
tat
etorai
seq ues
ti
ons
andcooperati
ve.
Ot
herc
ommentsa
ndobs
erv
ati
ons
:

Pr
oce
ssi
ng

Re
adc
are
ful
l
yanda
nswe
rthef
ol
lo
wingque
sti
ons
.

1
.Basedony o
uri
nter
vie
wswi thint
ern
a ls
choolst
ake
h o
lder
sonh owtopromot
eag ender
-s
ensi
ti
ve
s
choo
l/
cl
assr
oom,whichof t
heanswersi
sthebest
?Wh y?
Formethebesta nsweri
sfromthedepart
menthead,bec
auseaso neoft
heme mberof
L
GBTQwec ann
otdenythefa c
ttha
tinaclas
sroo
mt her
eareti
mesthats
tude
ntswil
lbu
ll
y.Ib
eli
eve
t
hatt
eac
herspr
omotesag endersensi
t
ive
nessthatavo
idsdis
cri
mina
ti
onb yunder
st
andi
nga nd
a
ccep
ti
ngthemul
ti
plediff
ere
n c
esb e
tweenme nandwome n.
Andwea stheLGBTQ+a swek n
ow

5
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or2
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urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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o
urr
oleandhowtoa
ctf
ai
ront
heo
the
rst
ude
ntst
hec
las
sro
om wi
l
lha
vea
neq
ual
i
tya
nda
p
eac
efu
lcl
ass
roo
m.

2
.Ho
wwi
l
lyo
ude
ter
min
eth
est
r
eng
thsa
ndwe
akn
ess
eso
fyo
urs
tud
ent
s?

Bygiv
ingvari
edofact
iv
it
i
esI c
and e
termi
nethestr
engt
han dweakne
ssesofmystude
nts
.
Pr
e-a
sse s
smentorav a
ri
etyofac
ti
vi
ti
eswil
lbeu s
edtodia
gnosemys t
udent
s.Di
agnosi
ngle
arner
s
wi
l
lall
owu stos eee ac
hs t
udent
'scapaci
t
ya nda bi
l
it
y.Thi
swillassi
stusinint
egr
ati
nggood
t
each
ingstr
ate
giesandpract
i
ces.I
fth
eteacheri
sfamil
i
arwit
heacho f
thei
rst
udent
s,t
heycannow
pr
ovi
detaskst
hat a
reappr
opri
at
efort
heirp
ersonal
it
i
es.Asi
defr
omt ha
t,I
'
ma wareofs
tuden
tswho
i
mpro
vet he
irsk
il
lsandtal
ent
sastheschoo
lyearpro
gress
es.

3
.Wh ic
ha mongthes t
epsonc r
eati
ngprogre
ssi
ve,st
udent
-cent
eredcla
ssro
o mistheb estste
p?
Why?
Th
isphasei
nd ev
elo
pingap r
ogr
e s
si
ve,st
udent
-cen
ter
edc l
assr
oomi st
hemo sti
mp or
tant
t
omeb ecaus
eI f
eelt
hati
fst
udent
sp a
rti
ci
pat
einav a
ri
et
yo fact
i
vit
ie
s,th
eywillb
emo repro
d uct
i
ve
andabl
etoexhi
bi
t t
hei
rle
arni
nginuni
quea ndcr
eati
veways.Onmys id
e,ifwoul
dchoosea mong
st
epsoncr
eati
ngprogr
essi
ve,
Iwil
lchooseth
e“ I
nte
grat
etechnology”aswea l
lknowstud
e nt
s’i
n
upgr
adi
nggener
ati
onn ee
dstou p
gradethei
rle
arni
ngabil
i
ti
esandthiswoul
db etheg o
odmo v
es
wher
es t
udent
s’expl
oreande nga
gedinat ec
hnol
ogy.Evench i
l
drennowa d
aysd ev
elopthei
r
i
ma g
ina
ti
onthr
oughtechnol
ogy
.Student
s’wil
llea
rnmo r
ea tth
es ametimea dop
tthei
rd i
ff
erent
sk
il
ls
.

4
.Ho wareyougoi
n gtousethele
arner
s'ne
edsandint
ere s
tsi
ncreat
in
gamo r
eeff
ect
iveinst
ruct
i
on?
Tobecomemo reint
eres
ti
nga ndmo r
ee ff
ecti
vetoinstr
ucti
ons
,L e
a r
ner
s'n eedsa n
d
i
nt
ere
stsserv
ea sag ui
detothepat
hinwh i
chatea
che rwil
lgo
.Iwouldal
ignev
e r
yt
hingifIal
read
y
kn
ewwh atmys t
udents
'ne e
dsa ndint
eres
tswere.Onmyl essonp l
an,wi
llappl
yt hep r
oper
pr
oce
ssi n my l essona ndi t wil
ls tar
tsf r
o m Ob j
ecti
vest oc onten
t,c ont
entto
as
sessment
/ev
aluati
on,anda sse
ssment/
eval
uat
i
ont oo bj
ecti
vesarea l
lst
epsint hep roc
ess.
Howev
e r
,Imu s
ts uppl
ythem wit
hcert
aintas
ksino r
d ert
oma kelear
ningmoreeffic
ien
tandto
es
tab
li
shlear
ni
ngi naspect
a c
ula
rma nn
er.

Re
fle
cti
on

Co
mpl
et
eth
efo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.I r
eal
i
zedth
at
Befo
reg
ivi
ngan
ydi
rec
ti
onsincl
ass
,at
eac
hersh
ouldexa
min
ea ndgett
oknowth
eir
st
ude
nts
.T het
each
ermus
talway
sc o
nsi
dert
hest
ude
nts'ne
eds,i
nte
res
ts,st
r
eng
ths
,and
weak
ness
es.

2
.I be
li
eveth
at
Wen ee
dt ogetal
ongwitho urstu
den
tsa steach
e r
s.Ji
bewit
hthema n
dp er
haps
par
ti
ci
pat
einsomeo f
thea
cti
vi
ti
esoff
ered.
Youcancrea
temutualu
nder
st
andi
ngan
dresp
ectth
is
way
,butdon'
tl
etyo
urst
ude
ntst
reat
youlik
eo n
eofth
eirpee
rs.Remembe
rth
ati
fyo
urst
udent
sli
ke
yo
u,the
ywil
lbeeagert
opar
ti
ci
pat
einc l
ass
.

3
.If
eel
tha
t

5
9IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

I
nte
achi
ngt
her
e’
saloto
fchal
l
enge
sthat
wehavet
ofa
ce.
Butbei
ngat
eac
herweh
avet
o
b
emo
recr
eat
iv
esot
hatou
rle
arn
erswi
ll
havea
nint
er
est
int
hedi
scu
ssi
on.

4
.Wh enIbe
comeateacher
,Iwi
l
l
Enco
uragestu
dent
-ce
nter
edl
ear
ni
ngbyal
lo
win
gs t
uden
tstosh
arei
nth
eird
eci
si
ons
,
b
eli
evi
ngi
nthei
rcap
aci
tyt
olead,
andr
emembe
ri
ngh
owitf
eel
stol
ear
n.

Le
sson2 L
ear
ner
s'L
ingui
st
ic
,Cu
lt
ura
l,Soc
io-
economi
c,a
ndRe
li
gi
ousBa
ckgr
ounds

Grea
t t
eac
her
sk e
eponlea
rni
ngtoke
epth
eirmi
ndsyo
ung.
Thi
sles
sonwil
lt
eac
hyoutodete
rmin
e
t
hele
arne
rs'
li
ngui
st
ic
,cul
tur
al
,so
cio
-eco
nomic
,an
dr e
li
gi
ousba
ckg
rou
ndstoun
ders
tan
dth
eirdi
ff
eren
ces.
Th
eo b
jec
ti
vesoft
hi
sles
sonaret
hefo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.de
ter
minet
helea
rner
s'l
i
ngu
ist
i
c,cul
tu
ral
,andr e
lig
iousb
ackg
round
s;
2
.as
sesshowte
acher
scanad
dressi
ndi
vi
d u
aldiff
eren
ces;a
nd
3
.ob
ser
v eho
wteache
rsgi
vei
mporta
nceindi
ff
erenti
at
edins
tr
uct
io
n.

Educ
ati
onThe
ory

Brown-Mart
i
n(2017)me nt
i
onsinhi
sa r
ti
cl
eent
it
le
dEd ucat
i
ona n
dtheF ou
rt
hIndust
ri
alRevo
lut
i
on
t
hatwea r
eo nthepreci
pi
ceo fwhatt
heWo r
l
dEc on
omicFor
umc al
lsth
eF ou
rthIn
dustr
i
alRevol
ut
ion.
The
a
rt
ifi
ci
alint
ell
i
ge n
ce,aut
oma t
ion,mobi
lesuper
comput
i
ng,int
el
li
gentro
bots
,s e
lf
-dr
iv
ingcar
s,andn e
uro-
t
echnol
ogic
a l
brai
ne n
hancemen t
saresomeoft
heprod
uctsoft
hisr
evol
uti
on.Evi
denc
eo fd
ramati
cchang
e
i
sallaro
undu sanditi
sh a
pp e
n i
ngatanexpon
enti
alr
at
e.Almosteve
ryt
hi
ngh asbeenrep
lac
edb yr
obot
s
t
hr
o u
g hart
i
fic
iali
nt
el
li
gence.However
,t
eacher
swit
hah ea
rtwil
lnev
erberepl
acedbyama ch
ine
.

J
ohnC.Maxwel
l
,anAmeri
cana
utho
r,spe
aker
,andpast
or
,quot
edthats
tud
entsdonotc
arehow
muc
hyouknowunt
i
lth
eyknowhowmuchyouc a
re.T
eacher
swhos h
owc ar
etothei
rst
ude
ntswil
lea
rn
r
esp
ect
andtr
ust
fr
omthei
rst
ude
nts
,whi
chwi
lll
at
erl
eadtosu
ccess
ful
teac
hin
ga n
dlear
nin
g.

Knowi
ngyou
rle
arne
rs'
li
ngui
sti
c,c
ult
u r
al
,soci
o-ec
onomic,a
n drel
i
gio
usbackg
roundsandadj
ust
in
g
t
heins
tr
uct
io
nbasedonthe
irdi
ff
ere
nceswilldi
rec
tyoutodiff
ere
ntiat
edins
tr
uct
io
n.Diff
ere
nti
at
edme ans
t
ai
lo
ri
ngins
tr
uct
i
ontomeeti
ndi
vid
u a
lneeds.Wh et
herte
ache
rsd i
ff
erent
ia
tecont
ent
,proc
e s
s,pr
oduc
ts,or
t
helea
rni
ngenvi
r
onment
,theuseofo n
goi
n ga s
sessmentandfl
exibl
eg r
oupi
ngma k
eth i
sas u
ccessf
ul
a
pproa
chtoi
nst
ru
cti
on(
Tomli
nso
n2 000
).

Obs
erv
ati
on

A.As
kyourc
oope
rat
i
ngte
ach
erforaco
pyofh
isorherScho
olFor
m1( Sc
hoo
lRe
gis
ter
).Pa
steac
opyo
f
t
heScho
olFor
m1inth
eboxbe
lowandans
wert
hefo
ll
owin
gq ue
sti
ons
.

6
0IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

1
.What
isth
egradeandsec t
i
onthatyouhaveobse
rved?
- Gr ade7,St
. VERONICA.
2
.Ho
wma nyboysandgir
l
sa reth
ere?
- T her
ea r
e21b oysand15g i
rl
s.
3
.What
isth
erel
igi
onofthema j
ori
t
yo ft
hestude
nts
?
- Ma jo
rit
yoft
h erel
i
gionofth
es t
udent
areRomanCat
hol
i
c.
4
.What
isth
ecommo nmo t
h ert
ongueoft
hes t
uden
ts?
- T hecommo nmo t
herton
g u
eo ft
hest
udent
sar
eCe b
uano(
Bi
say
a).
5
.Do
esthecl
asshaveastudentwhobelong
stoane t
hni
cgr
oup?
- YES!

B.Li
std
own10st
rat
egi
esy
ourc
ooper
at
in
gteac
herca
nu s
etoaddr
esst
hei
ndi
vi
dua
ldi
ff
ere
nce
s(l
i
ngu
ist
i
c,
cu
lt
ura
l,s
oci
o-
eco
nomic
,andr
el
ig
iou
sbackg
rou
nds)
ofth
es t
ude
nts
.

St
r
ate
gy1
:Cr
eat
i
veVi
sua
lIn
str
uct
i
ona
lMa
ter
i
als

St
r
ate
gy2
:Di
ff
ere
nti
at
edAc
ti
vi
t
ies

St
r
ate
gy3
:Pi
ct
ur
eAn
aly
si
s

St
r
ate
gy4
:Sh
owa
ndt
el
l

St
r
ate
gy5
:Su
mma
ri
esn
ewl
ear
ni
ng

St
r
ate
gy6
:In
qui
r
y-b
ase
dTe
ach
ing

St
r
ate
gy7
:Co
ope
rat
i
vel
ear
ni
ng

St
r
ate
gy8
:Di
ff
ere
nti
at
edI
nst
r
uct
i
on

St
r
ate
gy9
:Be
hav
ior
man
age
men
t

St
r
ate
gy1
0:I
nst
r
uct
i
ona
lsc
aff
old
ing

C.Askt
hecoo
per
at
in
gte
ach
era
bou
tho
wheo
rsh
egi
vesi
mpo
rt
anc
etod
iff
ere
nti
at
edi
nst
r
uct
i
oni
nhi
sor
he
r c
las
ses
.

Di
ff
ere
nti
at
edinst
ru
cti
onai
dsth
eteac
heri
nc apt
uri
ngtheatt
ent
ionandin
ter
est
so ft
he
st
udent
s.Sheteach
esinav a
ri
et
yofwaysbe
caus
es hebeli
eve
sthatst
udent
slear
nindi
ff
e r
ent
waysandatdi
ff
ere
ntra
tes
.Asaresu
lt
,t
hear
eaofins
tr
uct
ionmustbecle
arand/
ortr
ans
lat
edint
o
t
hes t
uden
ts'h
omelangua
ges.I
tmus
tal
sobewel
l-
f
ormula
tedinor
dertoavoi
dmis
under
st
andings
whenperf
or
minganyre
sponsi
bi
l
it
i
es.

Ot
herc
omme
ntsa
ndo
bse
rva
ti
ons

Bec
auseIbel
iev
eshewa
sa pp
reh
ensi
ve,a
ndwec an
'tb
lamehe
r,t
het
eac
hers
hou
ld
d
isc
usst
heto
picc
onfi
den
tl
yan
dpr
ese
ntact
i
vit
i
esi
nah a
rmo
nicmanner
.

6
1IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Pr
oce
ssi
ng

Re
adc
are
ful
l
yan
dan
swe
rth
efo
ll
owi
ngq
ues
ti
ons
.

1
.Do est
henumberofboy
sandgir
lsaff
ectt
hecl
assr
oomins
tr
uct
ion?How?
Yes,i
fmo st
l
yo ft
hec l
ass
roomsa r
eb o
ysthangir
l
s,thecl
assr
oom wi
llb
eco
men oi
sy.
Whental
ki
ngaboutcl
assr
oomb ehav
iorandgende
rdi
ff
erenc
es,boy
stendi
ngtobemoreact
i
ve
pa
rt
ici
pan
tsbyta
lki
ngmo r
eanda ski
ngquest
i
ons.Boy
sa l
soten
dtod o
mina
tegrou
pdi
scus
si
ons
an
dignor
egir
l
s'i
deasandreq
uests
.

2
.Do e
stherel
igi
ousba c
kgr
ou n
do ft
hestu
d e
ntsaff
ectt
hep r
epar
ati
onoft
helesson?How?
Yes
,b ec
a u
s ether
ea res omes t
udent
swh i
chv e
rys e
nsi
ti
ve,thatiswhye duca
ti
on
p
romot
e sarel
ig
iousd i
ver
si
ty.Therol
eofateacheristoeducat
eaboutdi
ff
erentr
el
igi
onswi
thout
s
uppor
tingonere l
i
gionovera n
o t
her
,youmu sts t
ayn eut
ra
lwithyourpersona
lb e
li
efsabout
r
el
igi
on.Ateachercaneff
ecti
vel
yu s
ereli
gi
ousdiver
si
tytopromot
elear
nin
ga nddevel
opmentfo
r
s
tude
ntswit
hd i
vers
eb ack
g r
ounds.I
neverycl
assroo
m,t e
achi
nga b
outre
li
gi
o usdi
ver
sit
ynotonl
y
p
repar
esstude
ntsforconv
ersat
i
onsinthereal
world
.

3
.Doesthemot
h e
rtong
ueofmo s
toft
hest
udent
saff
ectt
hemedi
umo f
ins
tr
uct
io
n?How?
Yes
,Mo t
hertongu
ema kesi
teasi
erfo
rch i
l
dre
ntop i
ckupandlear
nothe
rlang
uag
es.
Mo
thert
ongu
ed eve
lopsachi
ld
'sper
son
al,
soci
alandcul
tu
ral
ide
nti
t
y.Usi
ngmoth
erton
guehe
lps
ac
hil
ddeve
lopthe
ircr
i
ti
calt
hi
nki
ngandl
it
er
acyski
l
ls.

4
.Dot hes o
cio
-economicdi
ff
erenc
esoft
hestude
ntsaff
ectt
hei
rle
arni
ng?How?
Yes,i
tisreal
lyaff
ect
sthei
rle
arni
ngespeci
al
lytho
sestuden
tswhoh a
v enotatal
l l
i
kefor
schoo
lsuppl
ies,
ga dget
sandthever
ypart
ic
ula
rprobl
e mwhi
chisth
efin
anci
alsuppor
t.Regard
les
s
off
amilyin
comeo rba c
kgr
o u
nd,st
udent
swh o
sep ar
e n
tsar
einvol
vedi
nthei
rs ch
ooli
ngaremo r
e
l
ike
lytohavehig
he rgr
adesandtests
cor
es,at
tendschool
regul
ar
ly
,havebet
tersoci
alski
l
ls,s
how
i
mp r
ovedb e
havi
or,anda d
a p
twell
toschoo
l.Thati
swh yi
ntoday’
seducat
i
on,theDe par
tmentof
Educat
ionhaveap ro
gramtosuppor
ttho
sewh ohavealowersoc
io-
econo
micino r
dertocont
inu
e
t
heirl
earni
ng.

5
.Arecont
ext
ual
iz
ati
on,l
ocal
i
zat
io
n,andin
dige
niz
ati
onoft
hecurr
icu
labei
ngdonetofi
tth
ec ul
t
ural
b
ackgr
oun
do f
thestu
dent
s?
Yes!Tobea bl
et ounder
st
anda ndtorel
atethei
rcul
tur
albackgr
oun
d.Wi t
hthese
p
roc
esses
,tea
cherscanpre
sentale
ssoninamo r
eme ani
ngf
ulandre
lev
anttohi
s/he
rstude
nt
b
asedonth
elear
ner’
spaste
xper
ie
ncesandre
al-
l
if
esi
tuat
i
on.I
tcanbefi
t
tedtoi
ndi
vi
dualst
udent
s
a
ndhaveacul
tur
aldi
ver
si
tyupo
nlear
ni
ng.

Re
fle
cti
on

Co
mpl
et
eth
efo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.I r
eal
i
zedth
at
Thed i
ver
si
tyofs
tud
entshasanimpacto
nh owateache
rshoul
dedu
cat
einthecl
ass
roo
m.
Yo
umu stpart
ici
pat
einc l
assa n
dn otonl
yd i
spl
ayy oureduc
ati
ona
lmater
i
alsontheb oa
rd.
Rec
ogni
zetheuniq
uenes
sofyourst
udent
sa n
dd e
vis
eac rea
ti
vepl
antha
tmayacco
mmo dat
eth
eir
di
ver
seor
ig
ins.Toass
is
tst
udentsi
nle
arnin
g,pro
vid
ec l
eari
nst
ruc
ti
onsandb
eaut
if
ulpi
ct
ur
es.

2
.Ib
eli
evet
hat

6
2IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

Downloaded by Larry Alforo (alforo1973@gmail.com)

 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Eve
ryst
uden
tshoul
dbegi
venth
eo p
p o
rt
uni
tyt
oeduca
tet
hemse
lve
sandl
earnnewt
hi
ngs
i
norde
rtob
ett
erc
ompreh
endthewor
ldandi
tsi
ssu
es.Al
lo
wc h
il
dr
entod
isc
ove
rth
eirownl
ear
ni
ng
s
tyl
eandas
sumegre
ate
rresp
onsi
bi
l
it
yfort
hei
rowneduc
ati
on.

3
.Ifee
lth
at
Impl
ementi
ngconce
ptu
alund
erst
and
ingandcust
omi
zedcur
ri
cul
awil
lass
is
tlear
ner
sin
l
ear
ni
nga t
thei
rownpace
.Becaus
ethe
yareabl
etore
lat
etot
hei
rowncul
tur
eandvar
i
ety
,aswel
l
a
sconnectt
hei
rl
earn
ingex
peri
enc
es.

4
.Wh enI bec
omeat each
er,Iwil
l
Ensureth
atlear
ner
sh aveequal
accesst
ores
ources.Iwil
lno
tall
owrel
igi
ousorc
ult
ur
al
di
ff
eren c
estod i
vi
demys tu
d ent
s.Rat
her
,Iwi
llva
luee
a c
ho fthe
ircul
t
ure
sa nddi
ff
eren
ces
.They
wi
llg a
inmu tualund
erst
andi
n gandres
pectasaresu
ltofthi
s,andwil
lreal
i
zethatth
eyareal
l
si
gnifi
cantandnecess
aryme mberso
fsoci
et
yinor
dert
oeff
ectchangei
ntheworl
d.

Le
sson3 Le
arne
rswi
t
hDi
sabi
l
it
ie
s,Gi
ft
edne
ss,
andT
ale
nts

Ateach
erd e
alswit
hdiff
eren
ts t
udent
swithdiff
ere
ntpers
onal
it
i
eso nad a
il
yb a
sis
.Th i
sis
p
rob
ably
oneo
ftheg r
eat
estc
hal
l
eng e
si nteac
hing
.T h
isl ess
onwillgui
deyouinu nd
ers
tand
ingthe
c
har
act
eri
st
i
csandc
ate
gori
eso
fexce
p t
io
nal
lear
ner
sa n
dhowat e
ache
rshou
ldhan
dlet
hem.Theobj
ect
iv
esof
t
hi
sle
ssonar
ethef
oll
owi
ng:

1
.de
ter
minehowth
eint
erna
lst
a k
ehol
der
sdealswi
thexc
ept
i
onall
ear
ner
s;
2
.ob
serv
eh o
wteache
rsusevari
ouss
tr
at
egi
esi nt
eac
hin
gtal
ent
edst
uden
ts;
and
3
.wr
it
earefl
ect
i
onabout
thefi
l
mEv er
yChil
disSpeci
al
.

Educ
ati
onThe
ory

Nolearn
ershoul
dbelef
tbehi
nd.Thi
sisac ommo nt
agl
in
einpromo
ti
ngi
ncl
usi
veeduc
ati
on,whi
ch
i
sbein
gimp l
ement
edn a
ti
onwi
de.Inever
yinstr
u ct
ion,th
erear
es t
uden
tswhoc a
ne as
il
ycopewit
hthe
l
ess
onsa ndther
ea r
es t
udent
swh ohavediffic
ult
yinu nde
rst
andi
ngas i
mpleles
son.Th
el a
tt
erare
c
onsi
dere
de xc
epti
ona
llear
ner
s.Int
egr
at
ingexce pt
ionall
ear
ner
sint
otheregu
larcl
ass
roomaddsfur
th
er
c
hal
leng
etothejo
bo f
teac
hin
gd i
ver
sest
udent
s.

Sa
dke
ret
al.
(20
08)
cat
ego
ri
zee
xce
pti
ona
lle
arn
ersi
nt
oth
efo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.st
uden
tswi
t
hme n
talr
etar
dati
on;
2
.st
uden
tswi
t
hlea
rni
ngd i
sabi
li
ti
es;
3
.st
uden
tswi
t
hemoti
onaldi
stur
banceorbehavi
ordi
sor
der
s;
4
.st
uden
tswi
t
hheari
ngandlanguagei
mp ai
rment
s;
5
.st
uden
tswi
t
hvis
uali
mp ai
rments
;
6
.st
uden
tswi
t
hatt
ent
iondefi
ci
thyper
acti
vi
tydi
sord
er;
7
.st
uden
tswi
t
hothe
rhealt
ha ndphysi
cal
impair
ments
;
8
.st
uden
tswi
t
hsever
ea ndmu l
t
ipl
edis
abil
i
tie
s;and
9
.gi
f
tedandt
al
ent
edst
u d
e n
ts.

T
eac
hin
gex
cep
ti
ona
lle
arn
erso
ff
erst
eac
her
sth
eop
por
tu
nit
ytos
tr
et
cht
hei
ri
mag
ina
ti
ona
ndc
rea
ti
vi
ty
.

T
eache
rsusetheter
m"stu
dent
swit
hd i
sab
il
i
ti
es"t
oh i
ghl
i
ghtt
hepe
rso
n,nott
hedi
sabi
l
it
y.I
nth
ep a
st,
the
t
er
m" h
andic
appedst
udent
s"wasuse
d.Ontheotherh
and,"
gi
ft
eda
ndtal
ent
ed"r
ef
er
stostu
dent
swit
hthe
a
bil
i
tytolea
rnfastan
dwithease
.Theyma yals
op os
sessex
empl
ar
yabil
i
tyinar
tsandmusi
c,spor
ts
,
l
ead
ershi
p,an
dtheli
ke.

6
3IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Obs
erv
ati
on

A.I
nte
rvi
ewt
hefo
ll
owi
ngi
nt
er
nals
cho
ols
tak
eho
lde
rso
nho
wth
eyd
ealwi
t
hst
ude
ntswi
t
hdi
sab
il
i
tya
nd
gi
ft
edl
ear
ner
s.

I
nt
ern
alSt
ake
hol
der
s Howdoy oude alwithl ear
nerswith
di
sa bili
tyandgi f t
edness?
Na
meoft
heScho
olPr
i
nci
pal
: By g i
vi
ngv ar i
eda c
tivi
ti
e sb ecausee ve
ry
Mr
.Ja
ymarPa
jent
e l
earner h ave d i
ff
erent q uali
t
ies a nd
charact
eri
st
i
cs ’ b
yme an sof var
iedact
ivi
ti
e swe
couldident
if
ye achq uali
t i
esthroughg ivi
ng
di
ff
e r
entact
ivi
ti
e sineverys ubjec
t.
Na
meoft
heCl
ass
roo
mAdvi
ser
: Teacher
s mu s tb ea war et hatg i
f
tsa nd
Mr
s.Ge
ral
di
neEspa
ñol di
sa bi
l
it
i
eso fch il
dr
e nma ya c
tual
l
yma ske ach
ot
he randthats tudent
swh oareacademi call
y
t
alente
da ndh a v
elea r
ningd is
abil
it
i
esarel i
kel
y
t
oe xhib
itvar
iab l
ep erf
orma nc
ea ndsociala nd
emo t
io
nald iffic
ult
ies.I ti si mport
antt h
at
t
eac he
rsreal
izet heself
-effic
acyismanipu labl
e
andthatitc
anb erespon si
v etochangesint he
cl
assroome nvironme n
t.St udent
s’sel
f-effic
acy
ands ki
l
lsaree nh
a nce
dwh enteac
hersd e l
iv
er
abi
li
tyfeedbacka n den surethatstud
en tsc an
contr
olthei nternal
,u n s
ta bl
ec ompone n tof
eff
ort
.
Nameof
theGui
danc
eCou
nsel
or
: I
fweh av
et heL earnerswi thd i
sabi
li
tya nd
Sr
.Haz
elMejor
ada
,MSOLTC gi
ft
e dne
sswe t endtog ivea ni nt
erve nti
on
pro
g r
amf orthe mt ou set h
eirownp oten t
ial
s
andtocopeu pt hei
rlearni
ngp r
ocess
.

B.Si
ti
nac l
asswi
thexce
pti
ona
lle
arne
rs.Obs
erv
eho
wth
ete
ach
eru
sesd
iff
ere
nts
tr
at
egi
esi
nte
ach
ing
exc
ept
i
ona
lle
arner
s.L
ist
downfi
veobs
ervat
i
ons
.

Si
nceI
wasn
ota
blet
oob
ser
vea
nac
tua
lcl
ass
roo
mse
tt
in
g,I
wat
che
dav
ide
oonY
ouT
ubee
nti
t
led
:
“
MAT
HEMATI
CSDEMONST
RATI
ONBYSI
RJOE.

He
re’
sth
eli
nkhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gvi5ABUzLVs

Obs
erv
ati
on1
:Te
ach
erJ
oep
rov
ide
sab
oar
dtoe
achg
rou
ponh
era
cti
vi
t
y.Heu
sedab
abys
har
kso
ngf
or
h
isg
amet
oma
kei
tl
iv
ely
.Ea
chg
rou
ppa
sst
heb
oar
dco
unt
erc
loc
kwi
set
henwh
ent
hemu
sics
top
,th
ela
st
s
tud
ent
toh
oldt
heb
oar
dwi
l
lan
swe
rth
equ
est
i
onwr
i
tt
eno
nth
emo
nit
or
.

Obser
vat
i
on2 :Onhermoti
vat
ion
,theyfeltt
ohisst
ude
ntsth
atthe
ya r
etr
avel
l
ing
.Hes h
owedaver
y
cr
eat
i
veandcol
orf
ule
mo j
ides
ignwit
hdiff
eren
tshap
es,bef
or
es t
ude
ntswi
tne
ssedwhati
sinth
ecur
ta
in,
st
ude
ntsc
los
edthe
ire
yesandenj
oyedsi
nging.Th
ecla
ssr
oomb e
comeli
vel
yonherde
mo n
str
at
io
n.

Obser
vat
i
on3 :Thetea
che
rc ompos
edas ongi
nconnec
ti
ontohi
slesso
n.Itwasf
unandenj
oyi
ng
bet
weent
eac
herandst
uden
ts.Heals
oma d
eaq uad
ri
la
ter
alan
dtr
ian
glemold
ingr
obo
twhi
chpr
ovi
ded
co
mfor
tandex
cit
i
ngfo
rthes
tudent
sandh
isle
sson
.Hecameupwit
hag r
eati
deabe
caus
eweco
uldsee

6
4IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

mor
eofth
efuna
ndp ot
ent
ia
loft
hes
tude
ntst
oli
st
ent
oth
ele
sso
n.St
ude
ntsc
anr
eal
l
yre
lat
est
hel
ess
on
be
caus
eofth
edi
ff
ere
ntcompos
it
i
onof
songs.

Obser
vati
on4 :Teach
erJoeexa
ctl
ydevot
edhi
sti
met ohi
sles
son.Gi
vesasouv
eni
rre
wardst
ohis
st
uden
tsforth
ea pp
reci
at
io
n.T
heint
era
cti
onswa
sgre
at!Th
es o
undsver
ycle
ara
ndthest
ude
ntsl
oud
ly
ans
weredt
h eque
sti
ons.

Obse
rva
ti
on5:Tea
cherJoep
lan
nedherle
ssonpl
anve
rywel
l,
hedi
dagre
atjob
!Hisdi
ff
erent
str
at
egi
es
i
ntea
chi
ngwasengag
edtoth
elear
ners
.Stud
ent
sunder
st
andhi
sfl
owo
fdisc
ussi
on.Hes h
owedab e
st
demo
nst
rat
i
onan
dd e
li
ver
edandass
esshi
slea
rne
rs.

C.
Wat
cht
hefi
l
m,Ev
eryCh
il
disSp
eci
al
.Af
t
erwa
tch
ingt
hemo
vie
,wr
i
tear
efl
ect
i
ona
bou
tth
efi
l
m.

“
Eve
ryChi
l
disSpe
cia
l”

Ti
t
le

Ever
yteach
erpl
aysani
mp or
tan
trol
eint
hedeve
lop
mentof
his
/hers
tud
ents.Thi
soneh
old
struei
nthe
mov
ie“
Ev e
ryCh i
l
disSpeci
al
”whi
c hi
saboutt
heboy
,Is
haanAwas
thi
,whowassuff
eri
ngfr
omdysl
exi
aandthe
t
eac
herwhocha n
gedhi
sli
fe.
Everych
il
dhasuniq
uechar
act
ers
tr
engt
hsandabi
l
it
iestha
tal
lowt
hemtoexpr
ess
t
hei
ri
ndi
vidu
ali
tyi
nas o
cia
lenvi
r
on me
nt.I
ti
swh a
tmake
sthem"s
peci
al
."

Themo vieisve r
ye ncour
agingandi nf
or
ma t
iv
e.Itimpart
smo r
alva l
uesnotjustforteac
hersbutfor
par
ent
sa n
ds chooladmini
str
ator
sa swell
.Itt
aughtu stob enonj
ud gmental
toc hi
ldr
en’
sb ehavi
ourande v
e nto
ot
herpeopl
e’
sb eh avi
our,becaus
ee ver
ythi
ngh app
e nsforar e
ason.So mema ys a
ythatli
fei
su nfai
r
,that
’
swh at
t
hechil
dinthes t
o rywouldalsosayu n
ti
lheme tsome o
newi t
hav eryc ar
i
ngh eart
.F o
rteachers,i
tte
a c
hesu s
t
oconsi
dera ndu nderst
andtheindivi
dualdi
ff
erenc
e so fourle
arners.Ever
yc hi
ldisuni
qu e.Weh avetobearin
min
dthateveryc hi
ldhastheirownc apab
il
it
i
e s,t
heirownd esi
res,andthei
ro wnd r
eams. I
nfl
ict
in
gp hysi
caland
emot
iona
lpun i
shme ntstochi
ldre
nwh ofai
ledtome eto u
re xpec
tat
ionsdoesn’tdoanyg o
o dfort
hed ev
elopment
oft
hec hi
l
d.Weh avetob ev er
yflexi
bl
ea nde xpectthatn o
tallstudent
so rpupil
sa r
et opper
sina cademic
matt
er
s.Somema yexceli
no t
herfi
eldofi
nter
e s
t.I
tistheteacher’
sroletofi
ndo utt
hestr
e ngt
ha ndweaknesses
oft
hei
rstudentsan dtohe l
pthestudent
senh anc
ingt hei
rstr
engthsaswe l
la si
no ver
comingt hei
rweaknesses
j
ustl
ik
ewh atthete ache
rinthemo viedi
d.Nikumbhn ot
ic
e dthei
n di
ff
erenc
eo fhispupi
l,Ish
a an,al
ongwit
ht he
unus
ualbehaviourtowardshi
ss t
udies.
Sowh athed idwa stogett
ok nowtheb ackgr
oundo fI
s h
aan.Hee xer
ted
t
imeande ff
ortinv i
sit
i
ngI s
ha an
’sfamil
yjusttofi
ndo u
tthec auseo ft
hep robl
em,wh yIshaana ct
sthatway.
That
’
swh atteache r
sa r
es upposedtod o
.Weh avet oemb rac
eth ec h
il
d’
swh olewo r
ld,andthatinc
ludeshis
f
amil
ya n
dc o mmu nit
yb ecausethefamil
ya ndcommu ni
tya r
eimp ort
antfa
c t
orsthatcaninfl
uencethech i
ld
’s
beha
vio
ur.

Theeducat
i
ono fc
hil
dr
end o
esnotpa
rti
cul
arl
yre
lyontea
chersal
one.I
tisacol
labora
ti
ono fe
ff
ortf
ro
m
p
aren
ts,t
eacher
s,sc
hooladmi
nis
tr
ator
sandth
ec ommuni
ty.
Ifonl
ywewill
wo r
khand-i
n-
h an
d ,
assis
tever
ychil
d
i
nth
eirl
earni
ngandnotfo
rcewhatwewantf
ort
hem, t
henle
arni
ngwil
lbefunfo
ro u
rfut
ureleade
rs.Ever
ychil
d
i
sind
e edspeci
al
.Vari
ousimpedi
me nt
stolear
ni
n gconf
ro
nte v
erystud
ent.Theywillnotbea bl
et olea
rn
a
nyt
hingif
thath
urdl
eisnotaddr
essedr
igh
taway.Asateac
her,y
oumu stk
eepyo u
reyeso nyourst
udent
s,be
t
her
ewithth
em, a
ndd emonst
ra
tecul
tur
alr
esp
ectanddiv
ersi
ty
.Ishedte
arswhil
ewa t
chin
gthemo vi
eb ec
ause

Ot
herc
omme
ntsa
ndobs
erv
ati
ons
:

Some
ti
meswejus
tn e
edtoli
st
entoourst
udentsrat
hert
hanpass
ingj
udgmento nt
hei
ract
io
ns.
T
alkt
othe
m,kee
paneyeonthe
m, a
ndhel
pthe
mwi t
htheir
probl
ems.T
rysomet
hi
ngdiff
ere
nt,
becau
senot
a
llt
eac
hin
gappr
oac
heswi
llworkwi
thal
lst
ude
nts
.Diff
erent
i
ateth
eacti
vi
t
iesan
dse a
rchforare
aswhere

6
5IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

y
ouca
nseeopp
ort
uni
ty
.Eve
ryon
eh asi
mmens
epot
ent
i
al;t
heo
nlyq
ues
ti
oni
sho
wth
eywi
l
lde
vel
opa
nd
k
eept
hos
eab
il
i
ti
eswit
htheh
elpoft
hei
rt
eac
her
s.

Pr
oce
ssi
ng

Re
adc
are
ful
l
yan
dan
swe
rth
efo
ll
owi
ngq
ues
ti
ons
.

1
.Ho wdotheanswersoftheschoolpr
inci
pal
,cl
assr
o oma dvi
ser
,andgui
dancecounsel
orond ea
li
ng
wi
thexce
pti
onall
earn
ersd i
ff
erfr
ome achot
her?
The
reisas i
gni
fi
cantvari
at
ioninthei
ranswers.Thepri
nci
palen
suresthatt
heinstr
uct
ors
'
cu
rri
cul
umrequi
rementsarelin
kedwiththeaccep
tablelear
ni
ngab i
l
it
yofst
u d
en t
swithdi
sabil
i
ti
es
andgi
ft
edness
.Thec l
assrooma dv
is
ere n
s u
resth
a tt
het e
achi
ngideas
,methods,andp r
ocedur
es
wi
lla
ssi
stst
udent
sinlearni
ngthep r
opermater
ial
.Wh i
lethegui
dancecou
nselorensur
esthatt
hey
ar
ec a
pabl
eo fasses
singthen eed
so fst
udentsbyp r
o v
idi
ngadvi
ceandd eve
lopin
gt h
eirmenta
l
he
a l
t
h.

2
.Ba sedo nyourfiv
eo bser
vati
onso nh owat eacherusesas tr
ate
g yinteac
hinglearn
erswit
h
di
sabi
li
t
ya ndgi
ftedne
ss,whichst
rateg
yisthebest?Why?
Heu t
il
i
zedv a
rio
uswa ysinmo t
i
vati
ngIshaanandtoma k
elearni
ngeasi
erfort
hec hi
l
dthat
i
ncl
udesintr
oduci
ngfamo uspersonswhowe realsodysl
exi
cli
keh i
mt ofe
elthatheisnotalo
ne
andeventheotherperson
a l
i
ti
eswh owe r
eo ncedysl
exi
cma nagedt
os ucce
edinlif
e.Amo ngt
he
manywa ysofmo t
i
vat
ingthep u
pili
ncl
udeswrit
ingonthesand,usi
ngma ni
pul
ati
vetoysli
kecl
ays,
pai
nt
ing,andwri
tin
gn umbersfr
omb igtosmallsi
zesusi
ngladderst
epsincount
i
n g
. Theconst
ant
word
so fcompl
imentaswe l
lasacknowl
e d
ginggoodbehavi
ourandsimpleac
comp l
i
shme nt
soft
he
ch
il
dh e l
pb oostthei
rs el
f-
confi
dence.Wh atteache
rNi k
umb hd i
dwa sn ote as
y,b utwit
h
per
severa
n c
e,t
h echi
ldpre
vail
edo ve
rhisconf
usionwi
thle
tt
ersandnu mber
s.Hea l
soregai
nedhi
s
i
nt
e r
esti
nh i
sst
u di
esandinp ai
nt
ing.

3
.Wh atha
veyo urea
li
zedaf
terwat
chi
ngthefi
lmEveryChi
l
disSpe c
ial
?
Wefu tu
retea
cherst
ob e,
pla
ysa nimpor
tant
rol
eforourst
uden
ts,
themovi
eeverychi
l
dis
s
peci
alser
ve sasa neye-o
penerfo
rme .T h
ek i
ndofrela
ti
onshi
pwe '
veest
abl
i
shedwi t
hour
s
tude
ntsaff
ectswhatthey'
r
eg oi
ngtob ecome. Weteacher
smu sthavepat
i
ence,lo
v e
,care
,
k
indn
ess,a
nda warenes
so f
thei
ri
nte
ll
ect
u a
l,phy
si
cal
,andemo t
io
nalco
ndi
ti
on,b
ecausewit
houti
t
,
t
heymayfee
l unwant
edandu n
wort
hy,l
eadi
n gt
othei
rf
ai
lur
es.

4
.Wr
i
teas
log
antop
romot
ein
clu
siv
ele
arni
ngint
hePhi
l
ippi
nes.
“
Embr
aceSt
udent
s’Di
ver
si
ty
,Beeduc
ate
da ndl
eto
the
rsb
eed
uca
ted
”

Re
fle
cti
on

Co
mpl
et
eth
efo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.I r
eal
iz
edtha t
Teacher
sshouldhelpac h i
l
dine ve
rywaytheycan.T h
eys houl
dlookint
othechi
ld’
s
po
tent
i
a l
sasal ear
nera n
do fwhatmoti
vat
esac h
il
da n
dwh atdoesnot.Oth
erthanah a
vin
ga
br
oadknowledgeonsubje
ct-matt
er
, cu
rr
ic
ulumandsta
ndards
,teac
hersmu s
thavest
rongdes
ir
eto
makead i
ff
eren
ceinth
eliveso f
youngpeopl
e.
2
.I b
eli
evetha
Noteveryst
udentwithad i
sabi
li
t
yisap oo
rperf
ormerincl
ass.Alt
houghwea r
eallbo
rn
wi
thth
ea bi
lit
ytole
arn,st
ude nt
swithspeci
aled
ucat
io
nalneedsrequ
ir
eindiv
idu
a l
i
zedmoni
tor
ing
,

6
6IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

i
nst
ruct
io
n,a ndsuppor
t.Ifwec omea cr
ossthi
stypeofstu
d e
nt,wemu stbee spec
ial
l
yc aut
i
ous
wi
tht
h ewo r
dsweu s
eb ecausetheyaremoresensi
ti
vet
hano t
herstuden
ts.
3
.I f
eelt
hat
Wh end eal
i
ng wi t
hs tudent
st hathavep ar
ti
cul
ara bil
it
ie
s,we mu s
tr es
pectthei
r
i
ndi
vi
du a
li
ty.Theyaredisti
nctandu ni
que,nece
s s
it
at
in
gu ni
quei nst
ruc
ti
o nalchar
acte
ri
sti
csand
l
eader
ship.Wes houl
dn evermakeap er
sonfeell
ik
etheyh a
vet ospenda lloft
heirt
imeinthe
cl
ass
room. Wemu st
accep t
thema sap a
rtoft
hee du
cat
ion
alprocess.
4
.Wh enI be
c omeateach
e r
, I
will
Iwil
lchal
l
engemy selft
oh av
eal o
n gpat
i
e nc
eandb eabletocontr
o l
myt emper.
Ineedto
ex
tendmyh or
i
zonsandg ai
nab ett
erknowled
geo fot
herst
udents.Ineedtod eve
lopanincl
usi
ve
t
eachi
ngstrat
egyinwhi
c hIcanmo ni
torandassessmystud
e n
ts'needsan di
n t
ere
stsonaregula
r
ba
sis
.

L
ess
on4 Le
arne
rsi
nDi
ffic
ultCi
rc
ums
tanc
es

Ste
phenCoveyoncesai
dt ha
ts t
ren
gthli
esindiff
erence
s,n oti
ns i
mi l
ar
it
i
es.Thi
sle
sso
n
e
numer
atesth
eis
suescon
fr
ont
edbystud
entswhoar
eexper
i
e ncin
gd i
ff
ere
ntdi
ffic
ultci
rc
umst
anc
eswhi
l
e
e
nro
ll
edint
heaca
deme.Theob
jec
ti
vesoft
hi
sless
onar
ethef
oll
o wi
ng:

1
.li
std
ownt
hedi
ffic
ult
c i
r
cumstan
cesbei
ngexpe
ri
encedb
yt hestu
dents
;
2
.obser
veh
owteacherspre
p a
rel
esso
nsfors
tude
ntsi
ndi
ffic
ult
cir
cumst
anc
es;
and
3
.cr
eateap
ost
er
-s l
oganpromot
in
gad i
ver
seandres
pons
ivec l
ass
room.

Educ
ati
onThe
ory

Ever
ys t
ude
ntisli
kearunn
erinarace.Lea
rner
sof
tene n
count
erobst
acl
esonth
eirwaytot he
fi
nis
hli
n e
.Ho weve
r,itisimpo
rt
antton ot
et h
atlear
ni
ngs houl
dn otbeh i
nder
edbya nydiffic
ult
ci
rcums
tances
.Hence,21s
tcen
tur
yteach
ersshoul
ddesi
gnspe ci
aledu
cati
ona
lles
sonsa
nds t
ra
teg
iest o
ma k
erespo
nsi
vecla
ssro
omsthat
arere
adytoaddr
essth
esedi
ffic
ult
cir
cumst
ances
.

Vic
torHugoquo
tedthath
ewh oopensasch
ooldoo
r,cl
ose
sap ri
son
.Th i
sju
stsho
wsh ow
t
eac
herscancha
nget
heli
feofaper
son
.Thete
ache
rsar
ethes
tude
nts
'sec
ondpar
ents
,andt
hefut
ur
eof
t
hestu
dent
slie
sinth
eh and
so ft
hei
rtea
che
rs.T
hemo s
ther
oict
askofth
eteach
erist
oshapegood
c
it
i
zens.

The
rear
ed i
ff
ere
ntd
iffic
ultc
ir
cums
tan
cest
hatt
hes
tud
ent
sma
yfa
cewh
il
eins
cho
ol.He
rea
res
ome
ex
ampl
es:

1
.1.
geog
raph
ici
sol
at
io
n
2
.ch
roni
ci
ll
ness
3
.di
spl
ace
mentduet
oarmedconfl
i
ct
4
.ur
banre
set
tl
ement
5
.abu
se(phy
si
cal
,ps
ychol
ogi
cal
,emot
io
nal
)

Ad
dre
ssi
ngt
hes
edi
ffic
ult
i
esi
ske
yfo
rmo
rep
rod
uct
i
vea
ndmo
reme
ani
ngf
uls
tud
ent
lea
rni
ng.

Obs
erv
ati
on

A.I
nt
er
vi
ewt
hestu
den
tso
nth
edi
ffic
ult
i
est
heye
nco
unt
erwh
il
een
rol
l
edi
nsc
hoo
l.L
ist
down1
0di
ffic
ult
i
es
ont
hel
in
esp
rov
ide
d.

1
.Di
ffic
ult
yinc
omi
ngt
osc
hoo
l,b
eca
usei
t
’sf
ar
.

6
7IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

2
.Ne
edt
ofo
ll
owCOVI
D-1
9pr
ot
oco
lsl
i
kewe
ari
ngf
ace
mas
k,f
aces
hie
lda
ndh
ave1me
ters
oci
al
d
ist
anc
ing
.
3
.St
ude
ntsu
nde
rth
eag
eof
18a
ren
otp
ermi
t
tedt
oat
t
ends
cho
olt
oob
tai
nmo
dul
es;
onl
yth
eirp
are
nts
a
rep
ermi
t
tedt
odos
o.
4
.St
ude
ntsc
ann
ote
asi
l
yun
der
st
andt
hel
ess
ono
fth
ene
wmo
dal
i
ti
eso
fle
arn
ing
.
5
.Th
eya
lwa
ysr
el
yont
hei
nt
er
net
,an
dth
ebu
lko
fth
eml
ackr
el
eva
ntl
ear
ni
nge
xpe
ri
enc
e.
6
.So
mes
ays
,th
eret
eac
her
sdi
dno
tdi
sc
usst
hel
ess
onwe
llo
nli
ne.
7
.Th
ete
ach
ersf
or
got
top
ost
fur
th
eri
nst
r
uct
i
onsf
ort
hemo
dul
es.
8
.Inr
esp
ons
emo
dul
es,
stu
den
tsh
aven
oid
eah
owt
oor
gan
iz
ean
dbu
dge
tth
eirt
i
me.
9
.Th
eya
rewa
sti
ngt
hei
rt
imeo
nFa
ceb
ook
,Ti
kt
ok,
Ins
tag
ram,
ando
the
rso
cia
lme
diap
lat
f
orms
.
1
0.De
vel
opp
roc
ras
ti
nat
i
on,
ands
ubmi
tl
at
emo
dul
es.

B.I
nt
er
vi
ewtheco
opera
ti
ngt
eache
r.As
khowheors
hec
ons
ide
rst
hed
iff
ere
ntd
iffic
ult
cir
cums
tan
cesf
ace
d
byt
hest
ude
ntsi
npre
pari
ngl
ess
onsandst
r
ate
gie
s.

Accor
di
ngo nmyi nt
ervi
ew,SirKenne
thYagong
,asubje
ctteach
erhandl
in
gMAPEHs u
bjec
tin
Hi
ghSchoolDepar
tment.Hesaid“Asaninst
ruc
tormychal
l
engesinprepar
i
ngless
o nsthi
spandemi
c,
so
mes or
ti
nprepar
i
ngc our
seguideandmodul
es,moni
to
rst
udent
s’l
ear
ning
,chec
k,eval
uateout
put
s,and
pr
ovi
defeedb
acko nstudent
s’pe r
fo
rmance
.Ia l
sou s
edvari
ouswa ystocopewi t
hth echal
l
enges
enc
ount
ere
dinflexi
bl
el ear
nin
gmo dal
i
tysuchastimema n
agement,in
novat
i
ngt each
ingstr
ate
gies
,
ada
pti
ngtoth
ec ha
n g
esb ro
ughtbythen ewn ormaltr
endine ducat
ion
,b ei
ng fl
exi
b l
e,prov
idi
ng
al
t
erna
ti
vep l
ans,beingopti
mis
ti
c,pati
ent
,andequi
ppi
ngones
elfwi
ththenece
ssaryski
ll
sfort
hen ew
nor
malwaysof
educat
io
n .

C.
Cre
ateap
ost
er
-s
log
anp
romo
ti
ngad
ive
rsea
ndr
esp
ons
iv
ecl
ass
roo
m.

6
8IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Pr
oce
ssi
ng

A.
Rea
dca
ref
ul
lya
nda
nswe
rth
efo
ll
owi
ngq
ues
ti
ons
.

1
.Ba sedont hi
slesson,wh atisthemo s
t h
eroi
ctaskofth
eteache
r?
Th eteacher'
smo s
t heroi
cresponsi
bi
li
tywastohaveac ons
ider
ablepati
enc
ea ndab road
co
mp rehensi
on.Be caus ewh il
eevery
o necanb egood,no
teve r
yonecanma nagethei
remo ti
ons
andappreci
atetheu ni
qu enesso f
student
s.
2
.Amo ngth ediff
erentdi
ffic
ultcir
cumstancesgiv
enb ythest
udents
,wh i
chisthemostcomplicat
ed?
Why?
Studentsca n
not eas i
l
yu nd
e r
sta
n dt
helessonoft
henewmo da
li
ti
esoflear
ni
ng.Thi
si sju
st
oneo ft
hes it
ua t
i
on sofs tud e
ntsinmyPu rokastheyemb r
a c
ethes o-cal
l
ed“newn orma l
”in
educ
a t
io
n .Student
sn owa d ayscannotwe l
l-
fo
cusinthei
rmo dul
esb ecauseofsomed i
ffic
ult
i
es.
Manyp ar
e nt
svo l
untar
il
ya n swere
dt h
e i
rmo dul
esjus
ttosubmitatexac
td a
teofsubmiss
ion.This
r
easonsma n
ys tu
de nt
ss uff
e randluckofint
er
e s
tinaless
on.T h
eCOVI D-19pandemi
ch asb een
sh
a p
ingth ecou r
seo fe ducati
on.Ithass hi
f
tedfr
omt hemo r
efamili
arface-
t
o-f
acesetupt othe
unf
amili
arspaceo fonli
n elearni
ng,wit
ht ea
cherstr
yi
ngtorepl
i
c at
etr
adit
ionalc
las
sroo
mme t
hods
t
hatareno wuns u
it
a b
le.

B.
Iny
our
owno
pin
ion
,wh
ati
sth
ebe
sts
tr
at
egyt
ous
ewh
ent
eac
hin
gas
tud
ent
wit
hch
ron
icd
iso
rde
r?

T
e a
cherspl
ayimport
antro
lesinourli
ves:shapi
ngo urunders
tandi
ngoftheworld,hel
pi
ng
uslear
nn ewt h
ings
,andinspi
ri
ngu severyday.No tever
ys t
udentle
arnsatth
es amep a
ceo ri
n
t
hes amewa y,andthosewit
hc hr
oni
cill
nessesh a
vea dditi
onalh
urdl
estoface.Forme ,t
heb est
st
rat
egytou sewhenteach
ingastudentwi
thchroni
cd i
sorderIwi
ll(
1)Recogni
zewh enas t
udenti
s
st
ruggl
i
n g.Wa t
chforanyd i
sconnectbetweeny oua ndy ourst
udents
,a ndlookforc uesthat
somet
h i
ngma yb eali
tt
leoff
.(2)Seekg ui
dance.Th efi
rstt
hingthete
acherneedstod oisse e
k
gui
dancea ndsuppor
ti
fas t
udenti
sh av
ingtr
oubleintheclassr
oomb ec
auseofac hr
onicil
l
nesso r
condi
t
ion.An dlas
tl
y(3)Ma keexcept
ions…buta l
sot r
eatthesestud
entsli
kea nyoth
e rst
udent.
St
u d
entss t
r
u gg
li
ngwit
hac hron
iccondi
tio
no ri
ll
nessma yn eedext
rati
meo nat e
stormi g
htneed
t
ol e
avet hec l
assr
oomf r
equent
ly
.Bu t
,a sc o
ntra
d i
ctor
ya sitma ysound,theimp u
lsetog iv
e
st
udentswit
hc hr
oni
ccondit
i
onsspecial
treat
mentma ydomo r
eh a
rmthangood.

Re
fle
cti
on

Co
mpl
et
eth
efo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.Irea
li
zedt
hat
Wecan'
tcr
i
ti
ci
zet
hem,
butIh
opethe
yreco
gni
zei
nst
anc
esi
nwh
ichc
hil
dr
enr
equ
ir
eth
eir
a
ssi
st
ancei
nord
ert
oli
vei
nabet
te
renv
ir
onment
.

2
.Ibeli
eveth
at
Wecanconve
rtt
heworl
din
toab et
t
erpla
ceifeve
ryo
nereal
i
zesth
ev a
lueofte
ach
ing
y
oungb r
ai
ns.I
norde
rtote
ach
,wemu s
tti
ethei
deast
otherealwo
rl
dorcur
ren
teven
ts.Sot
hat
t
heycanconne
cta
ndresp
ondt
oanyact
i
vit
i
estha
tareu
p l
oad
edonthei
nt
ern
et.

3
.If
eel
tha
t

6
9IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

Aro
leofate
acheri
sn'
tsomuc
ha b
outbei
ngpai
dtoeduc
ateasit
isabout
moti
vat
i
ngeac
h
a
ndeveryst
udent
,espe
c i
al
l
ythosewi
thimpai
rment
s.Thei
rmentalpowert
os t
udyisgr
eat
l
y
i
mpa
ir
edbecau
setheymustmanag
ewit
hthei
remot
io
nsinl
if
easwell
a sa
n yi
l
ln
esscon
dit
i
on.

4
.Wh enIbec
omeat eac
her,
Iwil
l
Makeitsur
ethata
llmyl
ear
ner
sgainmorekno
wledg
efromme.
Becau
set
heirg
oali
stofi
t
i
nwit
hthegroupandmakethemfe
elateasedesp
it
ethe
irci
rcu
mst
anc
es,Id
edi
cat
emo r
eofmy
e
xtr
ati
me,eff
ort
,an
dv a
li
dat
iont
ost
ude
n t
swh oh
aveadis
abil
i
tyi
nli
f
e.

L
ess
on5 Le
arne
rsf
romI
ndi
genousGr
oups

Resp
ectbeget
sresp
ect,mostesp
eci
all
yinte
achi
ngandl
earn
ingi
nad i
ver
sec l
ass
roo
m.Thi
s
l
ess
onwil
lgu
ideyoui
nu n
ders
tandi
ngthev
ari
ousst
rat
egi
esi
nte
ach
ingst
ude
ntsf
r
omd i
ff
erent
ind
ige
nou
s
g
roups
.Th
eo bj
ect
i
vesoft
hi
slesso
na r
ethe
fol
l
owing
:

1
.de
ter
mine
thes
tude
ntswhobel
ong
toi
ndi
geno
usgr
oups;
2
.ev
alu
atet
hesc
hoolprog
ramsf
orst
udent
sfr
omind
igen
o u
sgrou
ps;and
3
.ob
serv
ehowteac
hersusecul
t
ura
ll
yres
ponsi
vet
each
ingst
ra
tegi
es.

Educ
ati
onThe
ory

Clas
sro
omsinthe21stce
ntur
yareextr
emel
ydiff
eren
tfr
omthecl
ass
roomsofth
ep as
t.Oneoft
he
s
evenCsinteac
hingandlea
rni
nginthe21stcen
tur
yisc r
oss-
cul
t
uralu
nder
st
a n
din
g.Tra
cingwher
eour
s
tud
entscamefroma ndant
ic
ipa
ti
ngthisinprep
ari
ngth eles
son
sisa ness
e n
ti
alin
gred
ientt
owar
da
s
ucces
sfu
landeff
ect
iv
ecla
ssro
ominst
ruct
io
n.

Ther
earedi
ff
eren
tindi
genou
sg r
oupsinth
ec ou
ntr
y.
Acco
rdi
ng t
otheUn i
t
edNat
ion
sDevel
opment
Pr
ogr
am,thePhi
l
ippi
nesi
sac ul
tur
all
ydiv
ersecount
rywi
thabou
t1 4-
17mi l
l
ionin
dige
nouspe
o p
le(I
Ps)
be
lon
gin
gto1 1
0e th
no-l
i
ngui
st
icgroups
.Th eyar
ema inl
yconc
e n
tr
a t
edinNo rt
her
nL u
zon(Cord
il
le
ra
Admi
ni
st
rat
i
veRegi
on,
33%)an
dMi n
danao(61%),wi
t
hsomegrou
psintheVis
ayasarea
.

I
n1997
,Repu
bli
cAct837
1,al
sokn
owna sInd
ige
nousPeo
ple
sRightAc
t,wase
nact
ed.T
hisl
aw
r
eco
gni
zesa
ndp r
omo
tesal
lth
erigh
tsofi
ndi
gen
o u
sc ul
t
ura
lcommuni
ti
es/
i
ndi
genou
speop
le(I
CCsand
I
Ps)
.

IPsr
emai
ntobet
hemost
vul
ner
abl
eandmar
gi
nal
ize
dmembe
rso
fsoci
et
y.Man
yIPcommu
nit
i
es
c
ont
i
nuetol
ackacce
sst
od e
centb
asi
csoci
alse
rvi
ces
,havel
i
mit
edopp
ort
uni
t
iest
oe n
gagei
nthe

7
0IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

mai
nst
r
eame
con
omy
,an
dsu
ff
ers
oci
al
,ec
ono
mic
,an
dpo
li
ti
cale
xcl
usi
on(
Dep
EdOr
der6
2,s
eri
eso
f
20
11)
.

Asaresul
t
,theDe p
EdissuedDepEdOrder3
2,ser
i
esof201
5,ent
it
l
edAd opt
in
gtheIn
dige
nous
Peop
lesEducat
i
on(IPED)Cu r
ri
cul
umF r
amework
.TheDepEdor
derre
cogni
zesth
er i
ghto
fIPstobasi
c
edu
cati
onthati
sc ul
tu
ral
lyroot
edan dre
spons
ive
.TheIPEDCurr
ic
ulu
mF rameworksee
kstop r
ovi
de
gui
danc
etoschool
sandothered
ucat
ionpr
ogr
ams,bot
hpubl
i
candpr
iv
ate
,asth
e yen
gagewit
hin
dige
nous
co
mmu nit
i
esinlo
cali
zi
ng,in
dige
niz
ing,a
nde n
hanci
ngth
eKt o12cur
ri
cul
umb as
edo nth
eirr
espec
ti
ve
edu
cati
onala
ndsoci
alcont
ext
s.

More
ove
r,
acco
rdi
ngt
oDepEdOrd
er6
2,s
eri
eso
f20
11,t
hed
epa
rt
men
tisma
nda
tedt
opr
ovi
de
i
ncl
usi
veb
asi
ceduc
ati
onf
ora
ll
,an
dsha
ll
:

1
.e ns
urethep ro
vis
iono fu n
ive
rsalandequit
abl
ea ccessofallIPstoq ual
it
ya ndrel
eva
ntb as
ic
edu
cati
onservi
cestowa r
dsfunct
i
onall
it
erac
yforal
l;
2
.a do
pta ppr
opri
at
eb asice ducat
io
np edagog
y,conte
n t
,andassessmen tt
h r
oughthei
nte
grat
ionof
i
ndi
genousknowledg
es ys
temsandp r
act
ic
es(I
KSPs )i
na l
ll
ear
n i
nga r
easa ndpr
o c
ess
;
3
.Ep rovi
deadequat
ea n dc ul
tur
al
ly
-appr
opri
at
elearni
ngresou
rcesa n
de nvi
ronmentt
oIPlea
rners
;
4
.s t
r
engthenthehi
ri
ng,d e pl
oyment
, a
ndc o
nti
nuousdevel
opmentof t
eachersandlea
rni
ngf
acil
i
tat
ors
i
ntheimple
me nt
ati
ono f th
eIPEd ucat
i
onProgr
a m;
5
.e s
tabl
ishandstr
engthe na ppr
opri
at
emu lt
i
-l
eveluni
tsresp
onsi
b l
eforplanni
ng,impl
ement
ing,and
moni
tor
ingIPeducat
ioni nter
vent
ion
s;
6
.e x
panda nds tr
engt
he ni nsti
t
uti
onalandc i
vi
ls oc
iet
yl i
nka
ge stoe n s
urep r
opercoor
din
a t
i
on,
kn
owledge-
shari
ng,an ds ust
ai
nabil
i
tyoft
heIPEd uc
a t
i
onProgram;and
7
.implementstr
ongera ffir
mati
veacti
ontoe r
adi
ca t
ea l
lfor
mso fd i
scr
iminat
ionagai
nstI
Psint he
Phi
l
ippi
need uc
ati
onals yst
em.

Obs
erv
ati
on

A.Bas
edo nt
heclas
sth
aty
ouh
aveo
bse
rve
d,l
i
std
own1
0st
ude
ntswh
obe
lon
gtoI
Pgr
oup
s.F
il
li
nth
e
i
nfo
rmat
io
nb e
low.

Name GradeandSect
i
on IPGroup Pr
ovince
1
. Al
esna,
Jhoani
eFe G-
7,St.
Vero
nic
a Manob Agus
andelNort
e
2
. Bes
aga,RuthNi
col
e G-
7,St.
Vero
nic
a Bagob Nor
thCotab
a t
o
3
. Caba
sis
,Ethyl G-
7,St.
Vero
nic
a Subane
n La
naod e
lNo r
te
4
. Ger
ale
,Jasmin G-
7,St.
Vero
nic
a Subane
n La
naod e
llNort
e
5
. Li
m,Karl
L o
uis G-
7,St.
Vero
nic
a Badj
ao Ta
wi-t
awi
6
. Magban
ua ,
Pri
nce
ss G-
7,St.
Vero
nic
a Magui
ndan
a Magui
ndana
o
7
. Mol
ina
,Sta
n l
eyJame
s G-
7,St
.Ve
ron
ica Ya
ka Bas
il
an
8
. Pepi
t
o,MaryDet
h G-
7,St
.Ve
ron
ica Subane
n La
naodel
lNo
rt
e
9
. Ta
mp ar
ong
, Don G-
7,St
.Ve
ron
ica Subane
n La
naodel
lNo
rt
e
1
0. Yban
ez,Jo
h nBr
ix G-
7,St
.Ve
ron
ica I
fu
g a I
fu
gao

B.Eva
lua
tet
hesch
ool
'
spr
ogr
amsf
orI
Psb
ych
eck
in ✔)t
g( heb
oxt
hatc
orr
esp
ond
stowh
aty
ouh
ave
obs
erv
edinc
las
s.

De
pEdMa
nda
tes Ye
s No

7
1IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

1
. Ens
urestheprovi
si
ono fu n
ive
rsalande qui
t
ablea c
cesso fal
lIPsto
qu
ali
tyandrel
evantbasi
ce du
cati
ons er
vi
cestowardsfunct
i
onall
it
erac
y ✔️
f
oral
l.
2
. Adop
tsappro
pri
atebasi
ce duca
ti
onp edago
gy,conte
nt,anda s
sessment
t
hro
ughthein
tegr
ati
onofIKSPsinall
lear
ni
ngareasandp r
ocess. ✔️
3
. Pr
ovi
desa dequ
atea ndc ul
t
ural
lyap p
ropr
ia
telearni
ngr eso
urcesand
en
vir
onmentt
oIPlearn
ers. ✔️
4
. St
rengt
henstheh i
ri
ng,d epl
oyment
,a ndc on
ti
nu o
usd evel
opmento f
t
eacher
sandlear
nin
gfaci
li
tat
or
sintheimpl
eme n
tat
ionoftheI
PEd ucat
i
on ✔️
Pr
ogram.
5
. Est
abl
ish
esands t
rengt
hensapp r
opr
iat
emu l
ti
-l
eveluni
tsrespo
nsib
lefor
pl
anni
ng,i
mple
me nt
ing
,andmo ni
tor
ingI
Pe duc
ati
oninter
vent
ion
s. ✔️
6
. Ex
pandsandstr
engt
hensi nsti
t
uti
onal
andci
vi
lso
ciet
yli
nkage
stoensu
re
pr
opercoor
din
ati
on,k n
o wledge-
shar
ing
,ands us
tai
nabi
l
it
yo fth
eI P ✔️
Edu
cati
onPro
gram.
7
. I
mplement
ss t
ronge
ra ffir
mati
vea ct
i
ont oeradi
cat
ea l
lfor
ms of
di
sc
ri
minat
i
ona g
ain
stIPsint hePhi
li
ppi
need
ucat
i
onalsy
ste
m. ✔️

C.I
nte
rvi
ewth
ec o
oper
at
in
gtea
che
r.Li
std
ownfi
vec
ult
ur
al
ly
-r
esp
ons
iv
ete
ach
ings
tr
at
egi
esh
eors
hea
re
us
ingf
orst
ude
ntsf
romI
ndi
gen
ousGro
ups.

T
eac
hin
gSt
r
ate
gy1
: I
nor
dertor
educ
edi
scr
i
minat
i
ona
g ainst
stu
dent
swhobel
ongt
oth
eIPgr
oup
,th
e
T
eache
rpar
tne
rswi
t
htheDSWDoffic
etodel
iv
erad
dit
i
ona
lsemi
nar
sdu
ri
ngf
ace-
t
o-
fa
cesess
ion
s.

T
eac
hin
gSt
r
ate
gy2
: I
fIPst
ude
ntsareunab
let
oc ommuni
cat
einthesc
hool
'susa
gela
nguag
e,the
t
eac
herwi
l
lcon
vers
ein(Mo
the
rTong
ue)Bis
aya
,thes
tud
ent'
snat
i
vel
ang
uage.

T
eac
hin
gSt
r
ate
gy3
: St
ude
ntsa
recons
tan
tl
yenc
oura
gedtosub
mitt
hei
rmodu
les
,andth
eteac
heri
s
al
way
sacc
ess
ibl
etoans
wera
nyques
ti
onst
heymayha
vere
gard
ingt
hes
ubj
ect
.

T
eac
hin
gSt
r
ate
gy4
: Whenst
ude
ntsa
reb
ull
i
ed,t
heb
ull
ywi
llb
eb r
oug
htt
oth
eg u
ida
ncecou
nse
lor
,
whowil
lhol
dameeti
ngfo
rth
ems othatt
heyca
nteac
ht h
eirp
eersand
cl
ass
mat
es.

T
eac
hin
gSt
r
ate
gy5
: I
fast
ude
nt'
sab
il
it
ytol
ear
nandsub
mit
hiso
rhe
rle
sso
nsi
sde
lay
ed,
thei
nst
r
uct
or
wi
l
lco
ll
ect
thel
ess
onsf
romth
eir
homes
.

Ot
herc
omme
ntsa
ndobs
erv
ati
ons

Be
caus
eofalac
ko ffi
nan
cia
lai
da ndbeca
usethescho
olset
ti
ngwasfaraway,t
hemaj
ori
t
yof
p
upi
lsi
nMind
anaower
eo u
to fsc
hoolyo
uthwit
hhighe
rdrop
-outr
ate
s.Butt
hroug
ht h
eh el
pofBRAC
L
ear
nin
gCent
er
,whi
chaddr
essescha
ll
eng
eso f
educa
ti
onal
acces
sforund
ers
erv
edco mmuni
ti
esa
ndout
-
o
f-
scho
oly
out
hint
heau
tonomousar
ea.

Pr
oce
ssi
ng

Re
adc
are
ful
l
yan
dan
swe
rth
efo
ll
owi
ngq
ues
ti
ons
.

1
.Wh
yisi
tne
ces
sar
ytoc
rea
tet
heI
PEDCu
rr
ic
ulu
mFr
ame
wor
k?

7
2IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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 lOMoARcPSD|32021959

TheIndi
gen
ousPeopl
esEduca
ti
onCurr
icu
lumF r
ame workisre
qui
r
eds oth
atwec an
u
nders
tan
dh owt
oma n
ageandhand
leI
ndi
genou
ss t
uden
ts.Thiswoul
daidu
sincompr
ehend
ing
o
the
rc ul
t
uresanddi
ver
si
ty
,whic
hise s
peci
al
l
yu sef
ulwhent each
inginr
ura
larea
s.It
'
so ne
t
ech
niqu
eo f
cont
ext
ual
i
zi
ngandl
ocal
i
zi
ngtea
chi
ngandlea
rnin
gc ur
ri
cul
um.

2
.Wh atsch
o o
lprog
ramwoul
dyoureco
mme ndtothescho
oladmini
st
ra
tor
stoadd
res
sthenee
dsof
I
Ps?
I
'
llr
ecommendamonth
lywor
ksh
opfortea
chersonh
owt odeal
wit
hvar
io
ustyp
esofe
thni
c
s
tuden
tsinth
ec o
mmu n
it
y.I
twoul
dbepre
fer
ablei
f t
heyi
den
ti
fi
edwa y
stoimp
rov
eteac
hin
gtac
ti
cs
f
oravar
iet
yo f
stu
dent
s.

3
.Basedonthel
istyo
uma deinth
ep r
evi
ousact
i
vi
ty,mosto
fth
estu
dent
sbe
lon
gtowhatp
arti
cul
ar
i
ndi
geno
usgro
u p?Whydoyouthi
nkso?
Acc
ordi
ngtothel
ist
,th
ema j
ori
t
yo f
IPstu
d e
ntsar
eSuba
nen.
Wea r
einLa
naodelNort
e,
a
ndthemaj
ori
tyoft
hemarefr
omh er
e.

Re
fle
cti
on

Co
mpl
et
eth
efo
ll
owi
ng:

1
.Irea
li
zedth
at
IPst
udent
smust
haveac
ces
stoeduc
ati
ona
ndbea
blet
ole
arnabo
utt
hecur
re
nts
tat
uso
f
o
urpl
anetthr
oug
he d
ucat
i
on.T
heyarea
lsomember
soft
heor
gani
zat
i
onandre
qui
read
dit
i
ona
l
a
ssi
st
ance.

2
.I b
eli
eveth
at
I
mpo s
inganti
-b
ull
yi
ngandanti
-d
iscr
i
minat
i
onpo l
i
ci
e si nal
lsc
hool
sassi
st
sIPsi
ngetti
ng
al
ongwit
hdiff
erent
ethn
icgr
oupsanddeve
lopi
ngmutu
alrespe ctan
dunde
rst
and
ingonava
ri
etyof
t
opi
cs.Ther
ea rest
il
lI
Ps t
uden
tsacr
ossthecoun
tr
ywh oares e
eki
ngt
oint
egr
at
eint
osoci
et
ya nd
whorequi
r
ea s s
is
tanc
e.I'
mh o
pin
gt h
atourloc
alDSWDo ffic
eisuptodat
einter
msofoff
eri
ng
mor
ea ss
is
tancetothes
epeopl
e.

3
.Ifeel
that
Ifweall
hada nequal
chancet
oe du
cat
eo u
rsel
veso
rrec
eiv
eas ch
olar
shi
ptoatt
endan
i
nst
i
tut
io
n,soma y
bes omeIPswil
lchan
gea n
db eabl
etodowhatisbe
stforth
em.IP'
sn e
eds
s
houl
db ea d
dres
sedb ythegover
nment
.Avoi
dfina
nci
alfr
audsi
nce,l
i
keo th
erchi
ldr
en,th
ey
r
equi
reass
is
tanc
ea n
dh av
eab r
ig
hterf
ut
ureahea
dofth
em.

4
.Wh enIb
ecomeat eac
he r
,Iwi
l
l
Takeacti
ont
oi mpr
oveIP'
se d
ucabi
l
it
y.I
nthi
skin
dofacti
onbyp os
ti
nginapubl
i
c,th
ere
wi
l
lbei
ndi
v i
dual
swil
l
ingtoass
is
t a
ndcont
ri
but
efi
nance
sfort
hem.Theonlyi
ssuei
swhowil
lmake
t
hesac
ri
fi
cesandp u
tfort
htheworkfo
rthe
m.Ifnooneiswi
ll
i
ngtodoit,th
eywil
lco
nti
nuet
ob e
I
Ps.Ma
ybeI'l
lbecap
ableofacc
omp l
i
shi
ngsomet
hin
gbett
eri
nthenearf
utur
etomeett
hei
rnee
ds.

7
3IFI
ELDSTUDY1
:AGui
def
or2
1st
Cent
urySt
ude
ntT
eac
her
s

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