Coulomb’s Law (C)

|𝑞1||𝑞2| 1 𝑚
2
𝐹𝑒 = 𝑘 2 ; 𝑘 = 4πϵ0
𝐹𝑔 = 𝐺 2
𝑟 𝑟

𝑘 = 8.987551787 × 109 N m2/C2

𝜖0 = 8.854 × 10−12 C2/N m2
𝑒 = 1.602176565(35) × 10-19C
1 mC = 10-6 C ; 1 nC = 10-9C

Superposition of Forces
𝐹⃑ = 𝐹⃑1 + 𝐹⃑2+ 𝐹⃑3+ 𝐹⃑4+…
Electric Field
𝐹 𝑄 ^ |𝑄|
𝐸= 𝑞0
=𝑘 2 𝑟= 𝑘 2
𝑟 𝑟
Distance ; Unit vector
2 2 𝑟 𝑥𝑖+𝑦𝑗
𝑟= 𝑥 +𝑦 ; 𝑟= 𝑟
= 𝑟

Superposition of Electric Field

E =E1 + E2+ E3+ E4+…

Electric Flux
Φ = 𝐸𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 θ ; + Φ(𝑜𝑢𝑡) ; − Φ(𝑖𝑛)

Gauss’s Law
𝑄
Φ= ϵ0

Electric Potential Energy (U)

Uniform: 𝑊= − ∆𝑈 ; 𝑈 = − 𝑞0𝐸𝑦
+𝑊 (d) ; −𝑊(i)

𝑞1𝑞2 1
Two point: 𝑈=𝑘 𝑟
; 𝑘 = 4πϵ0

U<>0 r = infi, U=0

Electric Potential (V)