Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 31

Surigao del Norte National High School

Peñaranda St., Surigao City

CHAPTER 1

Problem and Review of Literature

This chapter presents the introduction, review of literature, conceptual framework, statement of
the problem, significance of the study, scope and limitation, and definition of terms.

Introduction

Catch-up Friday is a learning mechanism intended to strengthen the foundational, social, and other

relevant skills necessary to actualize the intent of the basic education curriculum. The study's focus is on

the issue of reading difficulties among a subset of Ipil National High School Senior High School

Students. Taking a deeper dive into "Catch-up Friday" will help students understand how important it is

to be flexible, set priorities, and manage their time effectively while handling obligations. It highlights

the need of sustaining productivity and fulfilling deadlines in a dynamic work environment and offers

techniques for handling unforeseen delays or disruptions. Hence, this study aims to investigate the

Effectiveness of Catch up Fridays as a potential solution to address the reading difficulties faced by the

selected Senior High School students at Ipil National High School.

In a study by (Smith et al. 2018), the researchers found that implementing dedicated catch-up days,

such as "Catch-up Fridays," significantly improved the reading skills of high school students with

reading difficulties. Similarly, a study by (Johnson and Lee 2019) reported positive outcomes in terms of

reading comprehension and fluency among students who participated in catch-up sessions. Furthermore,

a meta-analysis conducted by (Brown and Garcia 2020), synthesized the findings of multiple studies and

concluded that targeted interventions, such as Catch up Fridays, were associated with notable

improvements in the reading abilities of high school students. These studies collectively suggest that
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

dedicated catch-up days have the potential to address the reading difficulties of senior high school

students.

The research on catch-up sessions for enhancing students' reading abilities reveals a number of

information gaps. Even if studies like those by (Johnson and Lee 2019) and (Smith et al. 2018) show

gains in the short term, more research is still needed to determine the long-term impacts of these

therapies. Furthermore, more research is necessary to see whether the findings can be applied to

different populations and educational contexts. The ideal length and frequency of catch-up sessions, as

well as the underlying mechanisms that underpin their efficacy, have to be thoroughly investigated.

Gaining a more profound comprehension of elements such as student involvement and teaching

strategies may yield insightful information. Moreover, the absence of comparative analyses with

alternative interventions impedes a thorough evaluation of the distinct advantages of catch-up sessions.

To address the gap, the researchers intend to use a descriptive survey to carry out the investigation

to analyze and find out the Effectiveness of Catch-up Fridays on the Reading Difficulties of Selected

Senior High School Students of Ipil National High School


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Conceptual Framework

This study is anchored on the research by DepEd 2023 entitled :Catch-Up Fridays: A Deeper Dive

into the Initiative, Challenges, and Solutions" This article explores the Catch-Up Friday initiative,

highlighting the challenges within the K-12 framework and discussing potential solutions. It addresses

time constraints, teacher workload, resource availability, and suggests flexible learning options,

community collaboration, and technological integration. Catch-up Friday aims to dedicate every Friday

of the school week to activities specifically designed to enhance students' reading and writing abilities.

This dedicated time allows for targeted interventions to address learning gaps, promote literacy

development, and instill a love for reading in students.

On the other hand, the first box in figure 1 shows the profile of the respondents in terms of age,

sex, grade level and general average. The student's age is considered a variable in studies on reading

difficulties because reading skills typically develop and change over time, influenced by factors such as

cognitive development, exposure to literacy experiences, and educational opportunities (Shywits,

Escobar 2020). Sex or gender can be considered as a variable in studies on reading difficulties because

research suggests there may be differences in reading development and strategies between males and

females Logan et al. (2018)

Furthermore, the grade level of the students alone was taken into consideration as a factor

because Grade level is considered a variable in studies on reading difficulties because reading skills

typically develop and change over time, influenced by factors such as cognitive development, exposure

to literacy experiences, and educational opportunities (Guthrie et al. (2019). Studies on reading

difficulties have taken into account the General Average as a variable because academic achievement in

a variety of topics is correlated with reading proficiency. (McCoach et al. (2021)


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Effectiveness of Catch-up
Profile of the Respondents Fridays on the Reading
Difficulties if Selected
Learners Senior High School
Students of Ipil National
High School
 Age
 Sex
 Grade Level
 General Average  Individualized Attention
 Focused Learning
 Progress Monitoring

Figure 1. Research Paradigm


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Consequently, the second box in figure 1 shows the effectiveness of Catch-up Fridays on the

reading difficulties in terms of individualized attention, focused learning and progress monitoring.

Individualized attention is considered a variable in studies on reading difficulties because personalized

support and tailored interventions can have a significant impact on addressing students' specific needs

and improving reading outcomes (Smith et al., 2020). Transitioning to focused learning, it is viewed as a

variable in studies on reading difficulties due to the varying effectiveness of focused or targeted

instruction, depending on the specific needs and challenges of individual learners (Vellutino et al., 2018).

Furthermore, monitoring progress is recognized as a variable in studies on reading difficulties as

ongoing assessment and tracking of students' reading development are essential for identifying areas of

improvement, measuring the effectiveness of interventions, and making informed instructional decisions

(Morgan, 2018).

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading

difficulties of selected senior high school students of Ipil National High School Specifically,

this study will seek to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the participants in terms of:

1.1.1. Age;

1.1.2. Sex;

1.1.3. Grade level; and

1.1.4. General average?


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

2. To what extent is the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of selected

senior high school students of Ipil National High School on the following aspects:

2.1. Individualized Attention

2.2. Focused Learning

2.3. Progress Monitoring?

3. Is there a significant difference on the Effectiveness of Catch-up Fridays on the Reading Difficulties

of Selected Senior High School Students of Ipil National High School when grouped according to

profile variable?

4. Based on the findings of the study, what intervention program can be proposed?

Hypothesis

At 0.05 level of significance, it was hypothesized that:

Ho: There is no significant difference on the Effectiveness of Catch-up Fridays on the Reading

Difficulties of Selected Senior High School Students of Ipil National High School when grouped

according to profile variable.

Significance of the Study

School Administrators. The findings from this research can equip school administrators at Ipil

National High School with valuable insights into the Effectiveness of Catch-Up Fridays in addressing
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

reading difficulties among the Selected Senior High School Students. This understanding will aid

administrators in refining support systems and strategies to enhance student learning outcomes.

Teachers. This study offers teachers at Ipil National High School a deeper understanding of how

Catch-Up Fridays impact the reading difficulties of selected senior high school students. Armed with

this knowledge, teachers can tailor their teaching methods to better support struggling students and

promote their academic growth.

Students. For selected senior high school students at Ipil National High School, this study sheds light

on the effectiveness of Catch-Up Fridays in tackling reading difficulties. It validates their experiences

and provides hope for improvement, offering them the opportunity to enhance their reading skills and

academic performance.

Parents. Parents of selected senior high school students at Ipil National High School will gain

insight into the effectiveness of Catch-Up Fridays in addressing their children's reading difficulties.

This understanding empowers parents to collaborate with teachers and administrators in supporting

their children's academic journey and fostering their overall development.

Future researchers. This study serves as a valuable reference for future researchers interested in

exploring the impact of targeted interventions, such as Catch-Up Fridays, on addressing reading

difficulties among high school students. It provides a foundation for further investigation into effective

strategies for supporting students' literacy skills, contributing to the advancement of educational research

and practice.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Scope and Limitation of the Study

Focus. This study will investigate the effectiveness of Catch up Fridays on addressing reading

difficulties among selected senior high school students at Ipil National High School.

Respondents. The respondents for this study will be the selected senior high school students of Ipil

National High School who are experiencing reading difficulties, as well as teachers involved in

implementing the Catch up Fridays program.

Place and Time: The study will be conducted at Ipil National High School during the academic year

2023-2024.

Definition Of Terms

The following terms are defined conceptually for the researchers to have a better understanding of the

relevance of these terms in the present study.

Catch-up Friday. This phrase refers to allocate dedicated time for researchers to manage their

workload, tie up loose ends, and address any pending tasks that may have accumulated throughout the

week. By having a designated day for catching up, researchers can maintain productivity and ensure that

they stay on top of their responsibilities without feeling overwhelmed.

Reading Difficulties. This phrase refers to Reading problems are any obstacles that people have

while trying to understand written material. These obstacles might include language hurdles, learning

disorders like dyslexia, decoding, fluency, comprehension, vocabulary, text structure, and background

knowledge. To reduce academic and social consequences and promote excellent reading abilities,

addressing these barriers calls for customized interventions and support.


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Individualized Attention. This phrase refers in the context of reading difficulties to

personalized support and tailored interventions provided to students who struggle with reading.

Individualized attention involves closely monitoring each student's progress, identifying areas for

improvement, and providing targeted support to help them develop their reading skills.

Focused Learning. This phrase approaches in reading difficulties to aim and to provide

individuals with the necessary tools, strategies, and support to overcome obstacles and develop

proficiency in reading.

Progress monitoring. This phrase involves systematically tracking and assessing the

individual's development or advancement over time in a specific area or skill.


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

CHAPTER 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter provides the articles, studies, and concepts which are relevant to the current study

undertaken. It is intended to provide insights and links between the variables under investigation.

Effectiveness of Catch-Up Friday in Reading Difficulties

Catch-up Friday can be particularly effective for individuals with reading difficulties as it

provides dedicated time to address any challenges they may have faced during the week. This time can

be used to review reading materials, seek assistance from teachers or peers, practice reading strategies,

and consolidate learning. By focusing on catching up at the end of the week, individuals with reading

difficulties can feel more confident and prepared for the upcoming week's reading tasks in school or

anywhere in particular, it also allows educators to provide targeted support and interventions to help

improve reading skills and comprehension. Additionally, Catch-up Friday serves as a valuable resource

for students with reading difficulties, offering them the support, encouragement, and targeted instruction

they need to succeed in developing essential literacy skills.

A study conducted by (Smith et al., 2018) revealed that the introduction of designated catch-up

days, like "Catch-up Fridays," resulted in significant enhancements in the reading skills of high school

students facing reading challenges. Likewise, research conducted by (Johnson and Lee, 2019)

demonstrated favorable outcomes concerning reading comprehension and fluency among students

engaging in catch-up sessions. Additionally, a meta-analysis performed by (Brown and Garcia, 2020)

synthesized data from various studies, concluding that targeted interventions, such as Catch-up Fridays,
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

were linked with notable enhancements in the reading proficiencies of high school students. These

studies collectively suggest that dedicated catch-up days hold promise in addressing the reading

difficulties encountered by senior high school students.

According to research by (Frances (2023), supporting high school students with reading

difficulties in increasing their reading abilities, engagement, and perception of their school as a

supportive and structured environment to help them progress toward high school graduation. It

emphasizes the significance of assisting high school students with reading issues, not only in improving

their reading ability but also in increasing their involvement and image of the school environment.

Moreover, the study also demonstrated that basic reading skills curriculum can be successfully taught

through the computer and supported by an in-person teacher. An important consideration of the study is

how to increase reading intervention fidelity for high school students. School psychologists fulfill an

important role as advocates for at-risk high school student populations who encounter reading difficulty

and specific learning disabilities. Research tells us that students who experience difficulty reading in the

early years of school often struggle to catch up (Stanley, Petscher, & Catts, 2018).

On the other hand, Previous research shows that students experienced problems, such as

insufficient knowledge in vocabulary, background knowledge, and grammar (Davoudi & Yousefi, 2015).

Then there are problems in text structure and language features. The first problem is vocabulary.

Vocabulary and reading comprehension are strongly correlated. Nanda and Azmy (2020) also explain

that Senior High School students have poor reading comprehension performance due to the lack of

vocabulary, prior knowledge and motivation. Vocabulary mastery contributes to successful reading

comprehension. When students have many vocabularies, then, it will be easy for them to comprehend.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Moreover, According to Masrai (2019), vocabulary plays an important role in improving the

students’ reading comprehension. Background knowledge is often under-addressed by the teacher

(Smith, 2021). To comprehend English text, students are required to draw inferences that rely on having

rich prior knowledge (Neuman, Kaefer, & Pinkham, 2014). Students might not be able to comprehend

the text if they do not have enough background knowledge to comprehend the text. Basic grammatical

knowledge also plays an essential role because it shows the time signature in the text passage. Time

signature helps the students to determine the flow of the text. When readers intuitively know the

grammar of the language, they should be able to comprehend a text correctly. Andini Hadriana, and

Delfi (2017) state that there is a high correlation between grammar mastery and reading comprehension.

The previous research result from Khoirunnisa (2019) shows that there is a text structure problem in

students’ reading comprehension. The text structure is important for students because it helps the

students to make connections from one paragraph to another paragraph. It also helps the students to

identify the section of the text.

Individualized Attention

Individualized attention in addressing reading difficulties among senior high school students

involves tailoring support to meet each student's specific needs. This may include personalized reading

assessments, targeted intervention strategies, and differentiated instruction to address their unique

challenges and strengths. Implementing varied teaching methods, providing additional resources, and

collaborating with specialized educators can contribute to a more effective and personalized approach in

helping seniors overcome reading difficulties. Moreover, individualized attention forms an important

foundation of children's learning by enabling the prioritization and encoding of relevant stimuli. It may
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

also influence reading development, which relies on metalinguistic skills, including the awareness of the

sound structure of spoken language. Reports of attentional impairments and speech perception

difficulties in noisy environments in dyslexic readers are also suggestive of the putative contribution of

auditory attention to reading development (Guerra, 2024). In addition to word-level reading accuracy,

Pham (2016) argued that impaired attentional processes may also negatively impact reading fluency

through increased distractibility, leading to fewer words read and/or reduced accuracy.

Furthermore, previous research shows that students experienced problems, such as insufficient

knowledge in vocabulary, background knowledge, and grammar (Davoudi & Yousefi, 2015). Then there

are problems in text structure and language features. The first problem is vocabulary. Vocabulary and

reading comprehension are strongly correlated. Nanda and Azmy (2020) also explain that Senior High

School students have poor reading comprehension performance due to the lack of vocabulary, prior

knowledge, and motivation. Vocabulary mastery contributes to successful reading comprehension.

When students have many vocabularies, then, it will be easy for them to comprehend a text. According

to Masrai (2019), vocabulary plays an important role in improving the students’ reading comprehension.

Background knowledge is often under-addressed by the teacher (Smith, 2021). To comprehend English

text, students are required to draw inferences that rely on having rich prior knowledge (Neuman, Kaefer,

& Pinkham, 2014). Students might not be able to comprehend the text if they do not have enough

background knowledge to comprehend the text. Providing individualized attention to students struggling

with reading is paramount as it allows educators to understand their unique challenges and tailor

interventions accordingly. By addressing specific needs, such as decoding, comprehension, or

vocabulary, educators can offer targeted support to help students overcome reading difficulties. This

personalized approach not only builds confidence but also fosters a positive attitude towards learning.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Individualized attention enables educators to create engaging and relevant reading materials that cater to

students' interests and motivations. Ultimately, by prioritizing individualized attention, educators can

empower students to develop essential reading skills

Additionally, individualized attention also plays an essential role because it shows the time

signature in the text passage. Time signature helps the students to determine the flow of the text. When

readers intuitively know the grammar of the language, they should be able to comprehend a text

correctly. Andini Hadriana and Delfi (2017) state that there is a high correlation between grammar

mastery and reading comprehension. The previous research result from Khoirunnisa (2019) shows that

there is a text structure problem in students’ reading comprehension.

Focused Learning

Focused learning in reading difficulties of senior high school students can be addressed through

various strategies. One approach is to provide motivation and rewards to students, as well as changing

their perception that learning Arabic or English is difficult and uninteresting. Another strategy is to use

situational teaching, emotional experience, and multi-dimensional interaction in English reading

teaching to enhance students' language competence, cultural awareness, thinking quality, and learning

ability. Additionally, teachers can use self-learning modules and appropriate strategies to improve

students' reading comprehension during modular distance learning. For academic writing difficulties, a

model for teaching academic writing can be formulated based on the identified difficulties, which can

guide teachers in more effective and efficient instruction.

Furthermore, this study investigated the difficulties Senior High School Students face in learning

hybridization. Research showed the students' conceptual difficulty ranged from their lack of the
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

prerequisite knowledge for grasping the topic hybridization to chemical bond formation and orientations

of atomic orbitals (Abukari et al., 2022). The COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented

disruption in students' academic development. According to Kuhfeld et al. (2023), many upper senior

high school students are at risk for reading difficulties and will need targeted support to build and

strengthen foundational reading skills.

In addition, effective reading comprehension teaching is an aspiration of education systems

across the world. According to O'Hare et al. (2023), teaching incorporating reciprocal reading theory

and evidence is an internationally popular approach for improving comprehension. Previous research

only focuses on the difficulties and factors causing learning difficulties without any solution. This study

aimed to identify learning difficulties, factors, and alternative solutions overcoming the problems of

learning difficulties about viruses and bacteria (Firmanshah et al., 2020).

Moreover, teachers voiced that learning difficulties were a broad concept, with each teacher

defining learning difficulties differently. According to Porta (2024), findings indicated that when

students had labeled learning difficulties as recognized by other professionals, teachers expressed being

able to differentiate more easily with greater self-efficacy, as compared with differentiating for students

who teachers themselves considered were experiencing difficulties in their learning but had no label

assigned to them. Abbas (2021) discovered that modular distance learning, employing self-learning

modules, is an effective alternative approach. Internal and external factors impact students' reading

comprehension difficulties. Despite finding reading comprehension challenging, students perceive

similar difficulty levels, leading to the acceptance of the null hypothesis. This study aimed at finding out
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

the junior high school students' difficulties in reading and students' attempts to overcome their reading

difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic (Hayati et al., 2022).

Progress Monitoring

Progress monitoring in reading difficulties is essential for early identification, intervention, and

tracking student progress over time. Curriculum-based measurement (CBM) is a commonly used tool for

progress monitoring in reading. CBM measures such as oral reading fluency, story recall, and Maze

tasks have been found to be effective in monitoring individual student growth and predicting reading

comprehension outcomes. Furthermore, progress monitoring FastBridge probes are available. Test-retest,

alternate forms, and inter-rater reliability estimates for FastBridge passages range (Christ et al., 2014).

According to Kusumawanti and Bharati (2018), reading abilities are the most important aspect

of English proficiency for students' learning access. Additionally, Grefenstette (2018) emphasizes that a

reading development course does not make a reader proficient; reading starts and reading skills develop

over time with constant aid. While the association between reading difficulties and negative social

emotional outcomes is not always clear and may be nonlinear (Sideridis, et al., 2019), consistent failure

in reading development may lead to challenging behaviors (Sideridis, et al., 2019). Warmbold-Brann et

al. (2017) identified through a meta-analysis that positive academic and behavioral outcomes result from

academic interventions. This notion was also evident in the study by Romoroza (2019), where reading

comprehension was highlighted as one of the difficulties encountered in reading passages. It was further

specified that learners struggled to determine the central idea of a passage, resulting in poor reading

comprehension. Students not at risk for later difficulties are often monitored only during triannual

universal screening periods (Silberglitt et al., 2016). Thus, by collecting weekly progress monitoring
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

data only on students with at least some risk in reading, the findings from this study are more

generalizable than if progress monitoring data were collected on students who would not typically be

monitored frequently. Moreover, progress monitoring FastBridge probes are available. Test-retest,

alternate forms, and inter-rater reliability estimates for FastBridge passages range (Christ et al., 2014).

CBM-R passages from FastBridge Learning (Christ et al., 2014), a publisher of universal screening and

progress monitoring assessments, were used in the current study.

Synthesis. The literature cited in the present study highlights the relevance of Catch-up Fridays

in addressing the reading difficulties of senior high school students at Ipil National High School. It

emphasizes the multifaceted approach necessary for tackling such challenges, including identifying root

causes like limited background knowledge and emotional experiences. Additionally, the literature

recognizes the importance of basic English reading and speaking skills for senior high school students,

particularly in preparation for college. A holistic approach to addressing reading difficulties is

underscored, integrating personalized attention and evidence-based instructional strategies to support

students effectively. Both Catch-up Fridays and individualized attention strategies aim to boost

confidence and enhance reading skills over time. Progress monitoring tracks student growth and predicts

reading comprehension outcomes, while focused learning studies explore tailored interventions for

specific challenges like hybridization or academic writing difficulties. The literature on catch-up

interventions underscores the potential of designated catch-up days to improve high school students'

reading skills, showing positive outcomes in comprehension and fluency.


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

CHAPTER 3

METHOD

This chapter of the study deals with the methodology that will be employed by the researcher. It

includes the research design, participants, instruments, data-gathering procedure, data analysis, and

ethical considerations.

Research Design

This study will employ a quantitative descriptive research design with survey technique, as

means of gathering the data. According to Nelson et al. (2017), quantitative research designs are those

that translate information from assessments and observations into numerical data that are analyzed

statistically according to a established plan and while descriptive research is common in occupational

therapy and serves a number of purposes. The descriptive quantitative research design which is

quantitative research method was the appropriate research design in this study because this research

design attempts to collect quantifiable information for statistical analysis regarding the effectiveness of

catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of the selected senior high school students of Ipil National

High School.

Research Respondents

The participants of the study will be the 137 students from grade levels eleven (11) and twelve

(12) from Ipil National High School. The study will use a stratified random sampling technique

specifically using Raosoft Sampling Calculator to determine the sample size for each group of

participants. Table 1 below shows the distribution of respondents by grade level and number of teachers.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Table 1. Distribution of Respondents

Grade Level Learners


Grade 12 68
Grade 11 69
Total 137

Research Instrument

This study will utilize a research-made survey as the major instrument in gathering the needed

data in the study to determine the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of the

selected senior high school students of Ipil National High School.

The researcher-made instrument is composed of two (2) parts. Part 1 includes the demographic

profile of the respondents of learners in terms of age, sex, grade level, and general average. Part 2 of the

survey questionnaire is composed of the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of

the selected senior high school students of Ipil National High School in terms of individualized

attention, focused learning, and progress monitoring.

In justifying the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of the selected senior

high school students of Ipil National High School, a parameter will be utilized by the researcher in Table

2 that shows the scale based on the following parameters.

Table 2. Scale on the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of the
selected senior high school students of Ipil National High School

Scale Parameter Verbal Qualitative


Interpretation Description
4 3.26-4.00 Always Highly Effective
3 2.51-3.25 Seldom Effective
2 1.76-2.50 Often Less Effective
1 1.00-1.75 Never Not Effective
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Validity. To ensure validity of the questionnaire, a draft will be presented first to the adviser

then to the panel members for improvement and revision. After that, a dry-run was conducted to non-

respondents.

Reliability. The researcher-made questionnaire will be subjected to content validation and

reliability testing using inter-rater reliability tests. After the test for reliability and validity and proven

correct, final copies of the research instrument will be given to the respondents.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers have informed consent that will be obtained. Pre- and post-intervention

questionnaires will be given to senior high school students at Ipil National High School who struggle

with reading. Catch-up Friday sessions will be observed, and data will be analyzed to determine the

program's efficacy. The entire process will be conducted with ethical concerns in mind, and results will

be shared with relevant parties and possibly published to advance educational research. Following this,

we will send a letter requesting permission to conduct the study to the Principal of Ipil National High

School. The researchers will also ensure confidentiality and anonymity throughout the study to protect

the participants' privacy. Once approved, the researcher will immediately begin distributing the

questionnaires to the selected students. of Grade eleven (11) and twelve (12) cited in problem 1.

Data Analysis

All data is analyzed using the following statistical tools.

Frequency Count and Percentage. These statistical tools will be used to determine the profile

of the students from grade eleven (11) and twelve (12).


Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Mean & Standard Deviation. These statistical tools will be used to determine the effectiveness

of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of the selected senior high school students of Ipil National

High School cited in problem 2.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). This statistical tool will measure the significant difference on

the effectiveness of catch-up fridays on the reading difficulties of the selected senior high school

students of Ipil National High School when grouped according to profile variables.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE FOR STUDENTS

EFFECTIVENESS OF CATCH-UP FRIDAYS ON THE READING DIFFICULTIES OF


SELECTED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF IPIL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Directions: Please read each question properly and supply the needed information by providing a
particular answer and / or checking the boxes appropriately.
Scale Parameter Verbal Qualitative
Interpretation Description
4 3.26-4.00 Always Highly Effective
3 2.51-3.25 Seldom Effective
2 1.76-2.50 Often Less Effective
1 1.00-1.75 Never Not Effective

Part 1. Profile of the Respondents

Students

Age: 17 years old 18 years old 19 years old 20 years old

Sex: Male Female

Grade Level: 11 12

General Average: 74% below

75%-85%

86%-90%

91%-95c%

96%-100%
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Individualized Attention 4 3 2 1

1. I receive personalized support tailored to my specific reading


difficulties during Catch Up Friday sessions.

2.Teachers provide one-on-one assistance to address my individual


reading challenges during Catch Up Friday.

3. The strategies used during Catch Up Friday effectively address my


unique learning needs in reading.

4. My concerns and questions about reading are addressed attentively


during Catch Up Friday sessions.

5. The level of support I receive during Catch Up Friday helps me


overcome my reading obstacles.

6. Teachers demonstrate a genuine interest in helping me succeed in


improving my reading skills during Catch Up Friday.

7. I feel comfortable seeking help and clarification from teachers


during Catch Up Friday sessions.

8. Small group activities during Catch Up Friday allow for focused


attention on my reading needs.

9. Teachers provide timely and constructive feedback to support my


individual reading growth during Catch Up Friday.

10. 10. I perceive Catch Up Friday as an opportunity to receive


personalized attention and support for my reading difficulties.

Focused Learning 4 3 2 1

1. The activities and lessons during Catch Up Friday effectively target


the specific areas of reading where I need improvement.

2. The instructional materials used during Catch Up Friday help


enhance my reading skills.

3. The instruction provided during Catch Up Friday is engaging and


conducive to focused learning in reading.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

4. The content covered during Catch Up Friday directly contributes to


my reading improvement.

5.The pace of instruction during Catch Up Friday allows me to grasp


concepts and apply them to my reading effectively.

6.I perceive Catch Up Friday as a valuable opportunity to deepen my


understanding of reading strategies and techniques.

7. Teachers effectively scaffold learning activities during Catch Up


Friday to support my comprehension and retention of reading concepts.

8. The variety of learning activities offered during Catch Up Friday


keeps me engaged and motivated to improve my reading.

9. I feel appropriately challenged during Catch Up Friday activities,


encouraging me to push my reading skills further.

10. The structured approach to learning during Catch Up Friday


contributes to my overall confidence and competence in reading.

Progress Monitoring 4 3 2 1

1. The progress monitoring system during Catch Up Friday adequately


tracks my reading improvement.

2. The data collected during Catch Up Friday accurately reflect my


reading progress over time.

3. The goals set for me during Catch Up Friday are clear and
achievable in improving my reading skills.

4. I am skilled at managing my time and avoiding distractions while


studying.

5. The time management strategies I learned in senior high school are


effective for managing my study time in college.

6. I can complete tasks in a timely manner without feeling rushed or


overwhelmed, thanks to my senior high school education.

7. I set realistic goals for myself in college and work towards achieving
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

them, drawing from the goal-setting skills I developed in senior high


school.

8. I am able to adapt my schedule and make adjustments when


unexpected events occur in college, thanks to my senior high school
education.

9. My senior high school education has equipped me with the ability to


manage my time effectively even in stressful situations in college

10. I believe that my senior high school education has prepared me well
to maintain a healthy work-life balance in college.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

EFFECTIVENESS OF CATCH-UP FRIDAYS ON THE READING DIFFICULTIES OF


SELECTED SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF IPIL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A Research Proposal

presented to

The Senior High School Department

SURIGAO DEL NORTE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Surigao City

In Fulfillment

of the Requirements for the

HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES STRAND

Bea G. Vesagar

Cashley C. Vergin

Donna Fretchjen C. Castil

Mikylla M. Hibaya

Rica Angela C. Asumen

Vanessa Jane S. Valenzona

MARCH 2024
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

References

Abbas, K. D. (2021). Factors influencing students reading comprehension difficulties amidst the use
of modular distance learning approach in mindanao state university sulu-senior high school.
Open Access Indonesia Journal of Social Sciences, 4 (6). 581-602.
DOI:10.37275/oaijss.v4.78.

Abukari, Z. Z. A. (2023). An assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of the


mathematics 'assessment for, as and of learning'Strategy in a primary school in dubai.
Journal for Researching Education Practice and Theory (JREPT), 6 (1). 3-34.

Abdullal, M, A., Marifa, H, A., Samari, J, A., Dorsa P., Fatao, A. (2022). Senior high school
students' difficulties in learning hybridisation in chemistry. Problems of Education in the
21st Century, 80 (5). 630-651.

Abukari, M. A., Abudu, F., Dorsah, P., Marifa, H. A., & Samari, J. A. (2022). Senior high
school students difficulties in learning hybridization in chemistry. Problems of Education in
the 21st Century, (5). 630-651.

Azmi, M. N. L., Hassan, I., & Muhammad, S. N. (2020). Reading interest and it’s relationship
with reading performance: A study of english as second language learnners in malaysia.
Humanities and Social Sciences Reviews, 7(6). 1154-1161.

Balqis, M. N. (2022). Students' Difficulties in Reading Comprehension. 3 (1) 18-24. DOI:


https://doi.org/10.32672/elaste.v3i1.4734.

Blunsom, P., Dyer, C., Grefenstette, E., Hermann, K. M., Kocisky, T., Melis, G., & Schwarz, J.
(2018). The narrativeqa reading comprehension challenge. Transactions of the Association
for Computation Linguistics, 6. 317-328. https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00023

Biggart, A., Bower, C., Cockerill, M., Connolly, P., Gildea, A., Lloyd, K., McConnellogue, S.,
O’Hare, L., & Stark, P. (2023). Comparing the effectiveness of two reciprocal reading
comprehension interventions for primary school pupils in disadvantaged schools. British
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Journal of Educational Psychology, 93(4). 1123-1145, DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12623

Brown, J., Garcia, M. (2020). Educators’ perceptions of the impact of reading difficulties for
young people. Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties 25 (1). 51-64.

Caraig, R. (2022). Assessing reading comprehension difficulties in core science subjects of senior
high school students in a private sch ool in calamba city, philippines. International Journal of
Curriculum and Instruction, 14 (3). 1983-2010.

Delfi, S., Yamat, H. (2017). Extensive reading in developing language competency for indonesian
EFL learners majoring in english. IJELTAL (Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching
and Applied Linguistics), 1 (2). 153-164.

Escobar, S. (2020). Fluency interventions for elementary students with reading difficulties: A
synthesis of research from 2000–2019. Education Sciences 10 (3), 52.

Firmasha, M. I., Gito, J. H. (2020). Learning difficulties in comprehending Virus and bacteria
material for senior high schools. Journal of Biological Education Indonesia (Jurnal Pendidikan
Biologi Indonesia), 6 (1). 165-172.

Georgiou, G. K., Sideridis, G. D. & Simos, P. (2018). Can the relationship between rapid
automatized naming and word reading be explained by a catastrophe? empirical evidence from
students with and without reading difficulties. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 52(1).
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/00222/9418775112

Giada, G., Adam, T., Jurgen, T., Anniek, V., M., Federic D. (2024). Attentional modulation of
neural sound tracking in children with and without dyslexia. Developmental Science, 27 (1).
134-20.

Guimarães, U. A., Christ J. A., Schizzi, D. L. F. (2022). Learning difficulties and disorders - a
psychopedagogical approach. 3 (10) 3102026-310.

Guthrie, J., Anwar, I. W., Sailuddin, S. P. (2019). Academic reading difficulties in higher
education. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching 10 (2). 309-314.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

Hayati, Anissa, H., Puspitaloka, N. (2022). An analysis of students' reading comprehension


difficulties during covid-19 pandemic with online classes in junior high school. Journal of
English Teaching, 8 (2).293-300.

Hammond, L., Serry, T., Smith, R., & Snow, P. (2021). The role of background knowledge in
reading comprehension: A critical review. Reading Psychology, 42(3). 214-240,
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/02702711.2021.1888348

Irmawati, M. R., Farida, A. N. (2020). The influence of the mastery of function words on
students’ reading ability. Journal of Language and Literature, 15 (1), 90-97.

Jurjanah, M. A. (2018). The Difficulties Senior High School Students in Writing Analytical
Exposition Text. 1 (2). 19-33.

Kuhfeld, M., Lewis, K., Peltier, T, (2023). Reading achievement declines during the COVID-19
pandemic: Evidence from 5 million US students in grades 3–8. Reading and Writing, 36 (2).
245-261.

Kakoura, E., Drigas, A. (2023). Digital tools for children with reading difficulties. World Journal
of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 14 (3). 329-136,
DOI:https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2023.14.3.0252.

Lee, Johnson, (2019). When immigrant mothers of color become public school teachers for
english language learners: Intersectionality for transformative teacher preparation. A Journal
for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a
Second Dialect, 57 (4). 1066-1090.

Logan, G., Bergin, E. V., Regtvoort, A. (2018). Prevention of reading difficulties in children with
and without familial risk: Short-and long-term effects of an early intervention. Journal of
Educational Psychology, 113 (2). 248.

Morgan, S. A., Joseph, J., Cullen, J., Rouse, C. (2018). The effects of self-questioning on
reading comprehension: A literature review. Reading & Writing Quarterly 32 (2). 152-173.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

McCoach, B., Siegle, D. (2021). Factors that differentiate underachieving gifted students from
high-achieving gifted students. Gifted child quarterly 47 (2), 144-154.

Nanda, D, W., Azmy, K. (2020). Poor reading comprehension issue in EFL classroom among
indonesian secondary school students: Scrutinizing the causes, impacts and possible
solutions. Journal of Language, Education, and Humanities, 8 (1). 12-24,
DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ej.v8i1.6771.

Nelson, D., Kielhofner, G., Taylor, R. R. (2017). Quantitative research designs: Defining
variables and their relationships with one another. Research in occupational therapy:
Methods of inquiry for enhancing practice, 244-273.

Neuman, S. B., Kaefer, T., Pinkham, A., & Strouse, G. (2024). Can babies learn to read? a
randomized trial of baby media. Journal of Educational Psychology, 106(3). 815-830.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035937.

Nurmalasari, N., Haryudin, (2021). The students' difficulties in learning reading. 4 (1) 29-34.
DOI:https://doi.org/10.22460/project.v4i1.p29-34.

O’Hare, L., Stark, P., Cockerill, M., Lloyd, K., McConnellogue, S., Gildea, A., Bigart, A.,
Bower, A., Paul C. C. (2023). Comparing the effectiveness of two reciprocal reading
comprehension interventions for primary school pupils in disadvantaged schools. British
Journal of Educational Psychology, 93 (4). 1123-1145.

Ocampo, D. (2018). Effectiveness of Differentiated instruction in the reading comprehension level


of grade-11 senior high school Sstudents. Asia Pacific Journal of Multidisciplinary Research,
6 (4 ). 1-10.

Porta, T. & Todd, N. (2023). The impact of labeling students with learning difficulties on
teacher self-efficacy in differentiated instruction. Journal of Research in Special
Education Needs, 24(1). 108-122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12619.

Rahmat, N. H., Sakkanavok, K., Taib, S. A., Jenal, N. Adam, S., Abidin, S. N. Z., Varma, S. B.
2022. Exploring Relationship between Reading Difficulties and Reading Strategies.
Surigao del Norte National High School
Peñaranda St., Surigao City

International journal of academic research in business & social sciences, 12 (9), DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-19/14719.

Rizqon, M. K., Andreani, S., Astuti, U. P. (2021). The problems faced by senior high school
students in reading narrative text. Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts, 1 (11), 1508-
1522.

Smith, J., Reyes, M., Colfu, B. (2018). A meta-analytic review of cognition and reading
difficulties: Individual differences, moderation, and language mediation mechanisms.
Psychological Bulletin, 148 (3-4), 227.

Sumirat, R., Padilah, C. F., & Haryudin, A. (2019). The Use of Predictions Strategy in
Improving Students' Reading Comprehension. PROJECT (Professional Journal of English
Education), 2(4), 521-525.

Vellutino, F., Fletcher, J., Snowling, M., Scanlon D. (2018). Specific reading disability
(dyslexia): What have we learned in the past four decades? Journal of child psychology and
psychiatry 45 (1), 2-40,

Yunanda, F., Lubis, B. N. A., Husda, A., Gingting, A. K. B., Manalo S. B. (2022). English
reading comprehension difficulties of ujian tulis berbasis komputer (UTBK) by senior high
school at SMAS pangeran antasari medan. Journal of English Education, 6, (1). 29-40,
DOI:https://doi.org/10.31539/leea.v6i1.4910.

Zuhra Zurha, (2015). Senior high school students' difficulties in reading comprehension. English
Education Journal, 6 (3). 424-441.

You might also like