Solving for = 222.

5 mm

Cracked transformed second moment of area:

= 2.2 X

Stress in concrete at top of section:

= 18.23 MPa

Stress in equivalent concrete at level of reinforcement:

= 19.4 MPa

Stress in reinforcement:

= 291.6 MPa

Activity 3.6
Design the typical middle beam with the effective span length of 5m placed at 6m interval for
Flexure. The monolithically casted beam has a flange thickness of 180 mm and a flange
width of 1170 mm.

6m

6m

6m

5m 5m
5m

RCD3700 STUDY GUIDE

UNISA 3-27 ENGINEERING
 Given:
Type of concrete= Low density aggregate concrete
Fire resistance 2 hrs
Concrete unit weight 24
Characteristic concrete cube strength, 35MPa
Yield strength of steel in tension, 450MPa
Yield strength of steel in shear, 250MPa
Material safety factor in shear, 1.4
Effective span length, 5m
beam depth - new 595mm
Support beam width, 230mm
Spacing of beams, 6m
Effective flange width, 1170mm
Main reinforcement bar diam, 16mm
stirrup reinforcement bar diam 8mm
Super Imposed dead load, gsdl 3 kPa (including floor screed & finishes)
Live load, qn 5 kPa

Design:

Loading:

Imposed live load, =5 x 6m= 30

Total dead load, equals Self-Weight, plus super imposed dead loads,
= web and flange self- weight
= 24 X (0.18*6+0.23*(0.595-0.18))
= 28.21
=3x6=18
=
Design load, =103.45

Checking if simplified method can be used:

Okay

Okay

Okay

The simplified method uses the formula from SANS 0100 to determine the design moments
and shear force at critical section and calculated as below.

RCD3700 STUDY GUIDE

UNISA 3-28 ENGINEERING
 Bending moment envelope and shear force envelope

Position Moment
Simplified method Calculated (kN.m)

Outer Support 0 0

Near Centre of end Span FL/11 235.12

First internal support FL/9 287.37

Centre of interior span FL/14 184.74

NOTE: F is the total ultimate load 517.26kN

Bending reinforcement (or )

Since no compression reinforcement, is not required in all spans of the beam, we can
just determine the tension reinforcement, .

Effective depth, = 544 mm

At internal support take = = 536 mm (bars placed two layers to fit

the web)
Position Required
reinforcement,

Outer 0 0 0
Support
Near 0.156 = . Provide
Centre K=0.019. Since 521.5mm. Therefore take 3Y25=1472.62
of end No compression
Span reinforcement
First 0.156 . Provide
internal = 521.5mm. Therefore 4Y25=1963.5
support K=0.124. Since take
No compression
reinforcement

Centre 0.156 . Provide

of K=0.015. Since =521.5mm. Therefore 3Y25=1472.62
interior No compression take
span reinforcement

RCD3700 STUDY GUIDE

UNISA 3-29 ENGINEERING
Minimum and Maximum reinforcement areas

For a flanged beam where web is intension, the minimum percentage of reinforcement is given as;

, therefore

Position Required Provided percentage of Spacing between bars

reinforcement, reinforcement

Outer 0 0 0
Support
Near . 4.0 , therefore S=
Centre of Provide ok = 79mm
end 3Y25=1472.62 , therefore ok
Span

First . Provide 4.0 , therefore S=

internal 4Y25=1963.5 ok = 79mm
support , therefore ok

Centre of . 4.0 , therefore S=

interior Provide ok = 79mm
span 3Y25=1472.62 , therefore ok

Activity 3.7
Continue designing the beam discussed in Activity 3.6 for shear

Given:

Refer the given parameter in Activity 3.6.

Design:

Maximum shear force and stress at the face of support

Shear force and stress at critical section

Considering a distance d from the face of the support;

RCD3700 STUDY GUIDE

UNISA 3-30 ENGINEERING