LIGHT DIMMER CIRCUIT

Objective:

You are required to design and implement (on veroboard) a TRIAC based single phase AC voltage
controller circuit for light dimming application.
Input voltage: 45V ac

Theoretical Background:

In modern electronic systems, the ability to control the intensity of light or the speed of motors is crucial
for energy efficiency, comfort, and functionality. Voltage controllers play a pivotal role in achieving this
control by modulating the power supplied to the load. Specifically, TRIAC-based AC voltage controllers
offer a reliable solution for dimming lights and regulating motor speeds in various applications. The
fundamental principle behind their operation lies in the manipulation of the phase angle of the AC
waveform, thereby controlling the power delivered to the load. By adjusting the firing angle of the TRIAC,
the conduction period of each half-cycle can be varied, allowing for precise control of the output voltage
and, consequently, the intensity of light or speed of the motor.

This project aims to design and implement a single-phase AC voltage controller circuit utilizing a TRIAC
for light dimming applications. Through careful selection and configuration of components such as
resistors, capacitors, and DIACs, the circuit will achieve reliable triggering of the TRIAC at desired phase
angles, enabling smooth and efficient control of the connected load. Additionally, considerations such as
component ratings, thermal management, and safety features will be integrated into the design to ensure
optimal performance and longevity of the voltage controller circuit. By implementing this circuit on a
veroboard and incorporating necessary precautions, the project will provide a practical solution for
implementing light dimming functionality in various settings, ranging from residential to industrial
environments.

Design Calculations:

As we know Triac Current from data sheet is 15uA

And the circuit designed for

45V R2=V/I

T= 10ms

T=R1C

10ms=R1(1uf)

R1=10k
Required Components:

1.Resistor 5k

2.Potentiometer 10k

3.Triac (BT136)

4.Diac (DB3)

5.Capacitor (1uf)

Diagrams:
Results: