ANSWER KEY

QUESTION CORRECT ANSWER

E
Given:
Gold:Silver = 1:30
Added 5 gold and 50 silver balls
Ratio became 1:25

Solution:
Let X = Ratio multiplier
1 1𝑋 + 5 1
30𝑋 + 50
= 25
30X + 50 = 25X + 125
5X = 75
X = 15

Gold = 1X = 1(15)
Gold = 15 gold balls

C
Given:
Brass:Iron:Copper = 7:10:13
8 kg of brass

Solution:
7 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑠
10
= 𝐼𝑟𝑜𝑛
7 8
10
= 𝐼𝑟𝑜𝑛
7 Iron = 80
3
Iron = 11 7
2
7 𝐵𝑟𝑎𝑠𝑠
13
= 𝐶𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟
7 8
13
= 𝐶𝑜𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟
7 Copper = 104
6
Copper = 14 7

3 6
Total = 8 + 11 7
+ 14 7
2
Total = 34 7
kg
 C
Given:
Goofy:Max = 6:1
Five years from today ratio will be 7:2

Solution:
Let x = ratio multiplier
6𝑥 + 5 7
1𝑥 + 5
= 2
12x + 10 = 7x + 35
3 5x = 25
x=5

Goofy = 6x
Goofy = 6(5)
Goofy = 30 years old ← When Max = x = 5 years old

Goofy when Max was born = 30 - 5

Goofy when Max was born = 25 years old

C
Given:
Sand:Cement = 3:1

Solution:
Assume that the mass of the mixture = 100 units

Sand + Cement = ½ (100) ← The combined amount of sand and cement in the
mixture makes up half the total mass of the mixture

Sand + Cement = 50
4 Let X = ratio multiplier

3X + X = 50
4X = 50
X = 12.5

Sand = 3X = (3)(12.5)
Sand = 37.5 units

37.5
Percentage = 100
x 100
Percentage = 37.5 %
 D
Given:
Writers:Editors = 5:3
10 writers were promoted to editors ratio becomes 7:5

Solution:
Let x = ratio multiplier
5𝑥 − 10 7
5 3𝑥 + 10
= 5
25x - 50 = 21x + 70
4x = 120
x = 30

Writers = 5x = 5(30)
Writers = 150 writers
 D
Given:
GuppiesMollies:Tetras:Barbs = 3:4:6:8
one type of fish = 24

Solution:
Total ratio = 3 + 4 + 6 + 8
Total ratio = 21

If Guppies are 24:

𝐺𝑢𝑝𝑝𝑖𝑒𝑠 3
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= 21
3 24
21
= 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
3 Total = 504
Total = 168

If Mollies are 24:

𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 4
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= 21
4 24
6 21
= 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
4 Total = 504
Total = 126

If Tetras are 24:

𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑠 6
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= 21
6 24
21
= 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
6 Total = 504
Total = 84

If Barbs are 24:

𝑇𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑠 8
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= 21
8 24
21
= 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
8 Total = 504
Total = 63

Therefore 144 fish is not possible total number

 D
Given:
5(Bert) = 6(Ernie)

Solution:
7 5(Bert) = 6(Ernie)
5 (𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑡)
𝐸𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑒
=6
𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑡 6
𝐸𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑒
= 5
𝐵𝑒𝑟𝑡
𝐸𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑒
= 6 to 5

B
Given:
The width of a rectangle decreased from 4 centimetres to 1 centimetre, and the length
decreased from 10 centimetres to 7 centimetres.

Solution:
Width decrease percentage:
4 - 1 = 3 cm
3
Percentage = 4 x 100
8 Percentage = 75%

Length decrease percentage:

10 - 7 = 3 cm
3
Percentage = 10 x 100
Percentage = 30%

Ratio = 75:30 ← simplify

Ratio = 5:2 or 5 to 2
 C
Given:
Men:Women = 1:2
Children:Women = 7:1
Total = 170 people

Solution:
Since we have 1 and 2 value on the ratios ← Women
we get the LCM of 1 and 2
LCM = 2

𝐶ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑛 7
𝑊𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛
= 1
7 𝐶ℎ𝑖𝑙𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑛
9 1
= 2
Children = 14

Men:Women:Children = 1:2:14

Total ratio = 1 + 2 +14

Total ratio = 17

𝑊𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛 2
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= 17
2 𝑊𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛
17
= 170
17 women = 340
Women = 20 women
 C
Given:
3 kg of meatloaf:
Pork:Veal = 5:3
2 kg batch of meatloaf:
Pork:Veal = 6:4

Solution:
Let's start by finding out how much pork and veal there is in each of the two batches.
In the 3-kilogram batch, the ratio of pork to veal is 5 to 3, which means that there are:
15
● ⅝ x 3 = 8 kilograms of pork
9
● ⅜ x3= 8
kilograms of veal

In the 2-kilogram batch, the ratio of pork to veal is 6 to 4, which means that there are:
10 6 12
● 10 x 2 = 10 kilograms of pork
4 8
● 10
x2= 10
kilograms of veal

Now we can add up the amounts of pork in the two batches:

15 12 75 + 48 123
● Pork = 8 + 10 = 40 = 40
3
● Pork = 3 40
kg

To convert kilograms to grams, we need to multiply by 1000:

3
● Pork = 3 40 x 1000
● Prok = 3075 grams

Therefore, the combined batch of meatloaf will contain 3075 grams of pork.

D
Given:
5P:2(P + Q) = 2:3

Solution:
11 5𝑃
=
2
2(𝑃 + 𝑄) 3
15P = 4P + 4Q
11P = 4Q
𝑃 4
𝑄
= 11 or 4 to 11
 A
Given:
A:B:C = 9:10:8
B:D:E = 18:19:20
E = A + 19

Solution:
E = A + 19
E - A = 19

Since we have 10 and 18 value on the ratios ← B

we get the LCM of 10 and 18
LCM = 90

𝐴 9
𝐵
= 10
9 𝐴
10
= 90
10A = 810
A = 81

𝐶 8
𝐵
= 10
8 𝐶
10
= 90
10C = 720
12
C = 72

𝐷 19
𝐵
= 18
19 𝐷
18
= 90
18D = 1710
D = 95

𝐸 20
𝐵
= 18
20 𝐸
18
= 90
18E = 1800
E = 100

A:B:C:D:E = 81:90:72:95:100
Let X = ratio multiplier
E - A = 10

100X - 81X = 19
19X = 19
X=1

Total ratio = 81x + 90x + 72x + 95x + 100x

Total ratio = 438x
 Total = 438(1)
Total = 438 litres

A
Given:
Total = 342 stickers
Blossom:Bubbles = 3:2
Bubbles:Buttercup = 3:2

Solution:
Since we have 2 and 3 value on the ratios ← Bubbles
we get the LCM of 2 and 3
LCM = 6

𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑚 3
𝐵𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠
= 2
3 𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑚
2
= 6
2 Blossom = 18
Blossom = 9
13 𝐵𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑝 2
𝐵𝑢𝑏𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠
= 3
2 𝐵𝑢𝑡𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑝
3
= 6
3 Buttercup = 12
Buttercup = 4

Bubbles:Blossom:Buttercup = 6:9:4

Total ratio = 6 + 9 + 4
Total ratio = 19

𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑚 9
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
= 19
9 𝐵𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑜𝑚
19
= 342
19 Blossom = 3078
Blossom = 162 stickers
 B
Given:
Aaron = 2(Beth)
Carl = ½ Beth
4 (Carl) = 3 Danny

Solution:
Aaron = 2(Beth)
Aaron = 2 Beth

4 (Carl) = 3 Danny ← Carl = ½ Beth

14
4(½ Beth) = 3 Danny
2 Beth = 3 Danny
Danny = ⅔ Beth

Danny:Aaron = ⅔ Beth: 2 Beth ← Cancel out Beth

Danny:Aaron = ⅔ : 2
1
Danny:Aaron = ⅔ x 2
2
Danny:Aaron = 6
Danny:Aaron = 1 to 3

A
Given:
The ratio of the average (arithmetic mean) height of two boys to the height of one of
the boys is 3 to 5

Solution:
Average:Boy 1 = 3:5
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1 + 𝐵𝑜𝑦 2
𝐴𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1
= 2
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1 + 𝐵𝑜𝑦 2
3
5
= 2
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1
5
3 (Boy 1) = 2
(Boy 1 + Boy 2)
5 5
15 3 (Boy 1) = 2 Boy 1 + 2 Boy 2
5
½ Boy 1 = 2 Boy 2
5
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1
𝐵𝑜𝑦 2
= 2
1
2
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1 5 2
𝐵𝑜𝑦 2
= 2
x 1
𝐵𝑜𝑦 1 10
𝐵𝑜𝑦 2
= 2
← therefore we can say that the shorter is Boy 2

Required ratio:
𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟 2 1
𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟
= 10 = 5
𝑆ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑒𝑟 1
𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑟
= 5
or 1 to 5
 D
Given:
2x – y to x + y = ⅖

Solution:
16 2𝑥 – 𝑦
=⅖
𝑥+𝑦
10x - 5y = 2x + 2y
8x = 7y
𝑥 7
𝑦
= 8

D
Given:
1
⅓ Brown cows = 9
Total cows
½ White cows = ⅛ Total cows

Solution:
1
⅓ Brown cows = 9
Total cows
Brown cows = ⅓ Total cows
17
½ White cows = ⅛ Total cows
White cows = ¼ Total cows
1
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
Ratio = 4
1
3
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙
1 3
Ratio = 4
x 1
3
Ratio = 4
or 3 to 4

E
Given:
Jack:Ryan = 3:5
Nine years ago ratio was 12:23

Solution:
Let x = ratio multiplier

3𝑥 − 9 12
18 5𝑥 − 9
= 23
69x - 207 = 60x - 108
9x = 99
x = 11

Ryan = 5x
Ryan = 5 (11)
Ryan = 55 years old
 A
Given:
Solution A:
Alcohol:Water = 3:4
Solution B:
Alcohol:Water = 5:2

Solution:
Assume that Solution A = 7
Solution A:
Alcohol:Water = 3:4
19 Solution B:
Alcohol:Water = 5:2

Mixture contain equal amounts of alcohol and water:

Let x ratio multiplier for solution A
Let y ratio multiplier for solution B
Alcohol Solution A + Alcohol Solution B = Water solution A + Water Solution B
3x + 5y = 4x + 2y
4x - 3x = 5y - 2y
x = 3y
𝑥 3
𝑦
= 1 ← Ratio

C
Given:
X:Y:Z = 2:3:4
X/Y to Y/Z to Z/X = ?

Solution:
2
X/Y = 3
3
20 Y/Z = 4
4
Z/X = 2

4
X/Y to Y/Z to Z/X = ⅔ : ¾ : 2
4
X/Y to Y/Z to Z/X = ⅔ : ¾ : 2
← multiply 12 to remove the denominator
X/Y to Y/Z to Z/X = 8:9:24
 B
Given:
Katy:Taylor = 21:19
Six year ago the ratio is 9 to 8
Britney = Taylor - 12

Solution:
Let x = ratio multiplier
21𝑥 − 6 9
19𝑥 − 6
= 8
21 168x - 48 = 171x - 54
3x = 6
x=2

Taylor = 19x
Taylor = 19(2)
Taylor = 38

Britney = 38 - 12
Britney = 26 years old

C
Given:
Total = 126
First:Second = 3:4
Second:Third = 5:7

Solution:
Since we have 4 and 5 value on the ratios ← Second
we get the LCM of 4 and 5
LCM = 20

3 𝐹𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡
4
= 20
4 First = 60
22 First = 15

5 20
7
= 𝑇ℎ𝑖𝑟𝑑
5 Third = 140
Third = 28

15x + 20x + 28x = 126

66x = 126
x=2

First = 15x
First = 15(2)
First = 30
 C
Given:
Managers:Director = 3:5
4
Manager = 3 Director

Solution:
4
Manager Total = 3x( 3 Director)
23
Manager Total = 4x(Director)

Director Total = 5x(Director)

4𝑥(𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟)
Ratio = 5𝑥(𝐷𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟)
4
Ratio = 5

D
Given:
3 cups of nuts = 2 cups of dried fruits
4 cups off trail mix = ?

Solution:
Total cups = 3 + 2
24 Total cups = 5 cups

2 Dried fruit = 5 trail mix

1 trail mix = ⅖ Dried fruits

4 cup of trail mix = ⅖ (4)

8
4 cup of trail mix = 5 cups of dried fruits
 B
Given:
Tom - 5 = 3(Jerry - 5)
Tom + 5 = 2(Jerry + 5)

Solution:
Tom - 5 = 3(Jerry - 5)
Tom = 3 Jerry - 15 - 5
Tom = 3 Jerry - 10

25 Tom + 5 = 2(Jerry + 5)
3 Jerry - 10 + 5 = 2(Jerry + 5)
Jerry = 15 years old

Tom = 3(15) - 10
Tom = 35 years old

35
Ratio = 15
7
Ratio = 3
or 7 to 3

A
Given:
Perimeter = 141 centimetre
Side ratio = ⅓ : ¼ : ⅕

Solution:
Let X = ratio multiplier
26 ⅓X + ¼ X + ⅕X = 141
47
60
X = 141
47X = 8460
X = 180

Shortest = ⅕ (180)
Shortest = 36 cm
 B
Given:
Ratio = 5:6
Cuts the longer into 6:7

Solution:
Let's assume that the original rope has a length of 11 units (since the ratio of the two
pieces is 5:6, which adds up to 11).

Therefore, the longer piece would have a length of 6 units and the shorter piece would
have a length of 5 units.

Next, Donald cuts the longer piece into two pieces in a ratio of 6 to 7.

This means that for every 6 units of length, the first piece would have, the second piece
27 would have 7 units of length.

Let's call the first piece of the longer rope A, and the second piece of the longer rope B.
The length of A would be:
6 36
13
x 6 = 13
The length of B would be:
7 42
13
x 6 = 13

Therefore, the three pieces would have lengths of:

36 42
5 units : 13 units : 13 units ← simplify multiply 13 to remove the fractions
65 units : 36 units : 42 units

Therefore, the ratio of the lengths of the three pieces is 65:36:42

C
Given:
Ratio = 4:5
LCM = 260

Solution:
Ratio of 2 numbers is 4:5
28
Bigger number must be a multiple of 5.
Therefore we can eliminate choice E.

Also, one of the factors of 260 is 13. Thus, one of the numbers must be divisible by 13.
Of all the givens, only 65 is a multiple of 13.
Therefore the answer is choice C
 E
Given:
Roses:Lilies = 2:3
White:Pink = 2:3 ← Lilies

Solution:
Assume that there are 500 roses and lilies
Roses = ⅖ (500) = 200
Lilies =⅗ (500) = 300
29
For Lilies:
Pink:White = 2:3
Pink = ⅖ (300) = 120
White = ⅗ (300) = 180

Roses:WhiteLilies = 200:180 ← Simplify

Roses:WhiteLilies = 10:9 or 10 to 9

E
Given:
Male:Female = 2:3
45 males and 30 females boarded ratio became 7:8

Solution:
Let x = ratio multiplier
2𝑥 + 45 7
= 8
30 3𝑥 + 30
16x + 360 = 21x + 210
5x = 150
x = 30

Total = 2x + 3x = 5x
Total = 5(30)
Total = 150 passengers