IB Biology : Cellular Respiration Review HL 2.

8 NAME:

1. Define cell respiration.

2. What are the reactants of aerobic respiration?

3. What are the products of aerobic respiration?

4. In the space to the right, draw a simplified diagram of the structure of ATP.
Label the location of the high-energy bond:

5. Explain why ATP is a more useful store of chemical potential energy within living organisms than glucose.

6. List at least three major cellular processes that require ATP:

7. In which two parts of the cell does aerobic respiration take place?

8. Define aerobic:

9. Define anaerobic:

10. Label the diagram of aerobic respiration

below.

11. Label the diagram of anaerobic respiration (fermentation) below.

12. Complete the table below, comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic Anaerobic
What is the starting source
of chemical energy?
Is oxygen required?
Is pyruvate produced
(through Glycolysis)?
How many ATP are made
per molecule of glucose?
What are the products in
humans?
What are the products in
yeast and plants?
Where in the cell does it
take place?

13. Describe how a respirometer (example shown, right) can be used to measure
rate of respiration:

14. What is the purpose of adding potassium hydroxide (alkali) solution to a

respirometer chamber? KOH (alkali)

15. The respirometer above can also be used to measure the respiration rate in small invertebrates. Describe the ethical
and environment concerns that must be addressed before the respirometer can be used for animal experimentation.

16. Describe how and why yeast is used in bread making.

17. Bioethanol is ethanol produced by living organisms, for use as a renewable energy source. It can be used as a fuel in
vehicles, sometimes in a pure state and sometimes mixed with gasoline. Describe how bioethanol can be produced
from plant material with reference to the function of yeast in the process.

18. Aerobic respiration generates a much greater yield of ATP. Despite this it is still important for humans to carry out
anaerobic respiration. State the main advantages to humans of anaerobic respiration.

19. Explain why anaerobic respiration can only be done for short periods of time.