THE INDIAN PUBLIC SCHOOL

- Biology revision- Excretion

1 The diagram shows the levels of a nitrogenous waste product in the blood of a person living at
first on a low protein diet and then on a high protein diet.

concentration
of nitrogenous
waste product
in blood

low high
protein protein
diet diet

What is the waste product?

A amino acid
B nitrate
C protein
D urea
[1]

[Total: 1]

2 Protein can be broken down into amino acids.

State the name of the organ in the human body that breaks down excess amino acids.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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3 The diagram shows part of the human excretory system and associated blood vessels.

The arrows indicate the direction of blood flow.

Draw a label line and the letter X on the diagram to show the location of the cortex in one of the
kidneys. [1]

[Total: 1]

4 Urea is excreted.

State the name of the substance that urea is made from.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

5 Urea is excreted.

State where in the body urea is made.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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6 Water and salt are reabsorbed in the kidneys.

State the name of one other molecule that is also reabsorbed in kidney tubules.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

7 The table shows some comparisons between a human and a mouse.

feature human mouse

body mass / kg 60.0 0.025

kidney mass / g 320.0 0.310

3
water intake / dm per day 1.5 0.005
3
water reabsorption / dm per day 179.0 0.168

salt filtration rate / g per day 580.0 0.556

salt reabsorption / g per day 575.0 0.551

The table shows that water is reabsorbed in the kidneys of both humans and mice.

State the name of the process that mammals use to reabsorb water.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

8 The liver is involved in the processing of amino acids.

State the name of the process that assembles amino acids to form proteins.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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9 The table shows information about urea.

Which row is correct?

substance that organ that organ that

urea is made from makes urea excretes urea

A amino acids kidney bladder

B amino acids liver kidney
C fatty acids kidney bladder
D fatty acids liver kidney

[1]

[Total: 1]

10 What is the most important function of sweating?

A to remove excess heat from the body

B to remove excess salts from the body
C to remove excess urea from the body
D to remove excess water from the body
[1]

[Total: 1]
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11 The diagram shows some organs in the human body.

In which part are amino acids broken down to form urea?

D
A

[1]

[Total: 1]
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12 A longitudinal section of the kidney and some associated structures have been labelled.

Which labelling is correct?

A B

cortex cortex

renal artery renal vein

ureter ureter
medulla medulla

C D

medulla medulla

renal artery ureter

ureter renal artery

cortex cortex
[1]

[Total: 1]

13 Which substance remains in the blood as it passes through the kidney?

A protein
B salts
C urea
D water
[1]

[Total: 1]
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14 What is a function of the kidneys of a healthy person?

A break down toxins

B eliminate all salts
C reabsorb all glucose
D retain all water
[1]

[Total: 1]

15 Which substance is lost from the body of a healthy person by the kidneys, but not by the lungs?

A carbon dioxide
B glucose
C urea
D water
[1]

[Total: 1]

16 State where urea is formed.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

17 Kidneys excrete urea.

State one other substance that is excreted by the kidneys.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

18 Urine contains urea.

State where urea is produced in the body.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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19 Urine contains urea.

Name the substance which is broken down to produce urea.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

20 In which form is the greatest quantity of nitrogen excreted from the mammalian body?

A amino acids
B nitrates
C proteins
D urea
[1]

[Total: 1]