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LOGIC DESIGN

W5
REPRESENTATION OF A LOGIC FUNCTION

A- Algebric form ( SOP / POS )

Doç.Dr. Birim BALCI CBU 2022-23 Spring

 What is a Logic Function
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Representation of a logic function

 Truth table √
 Algebric (SOP form / POS form)
 K-Map
inputs Logic circuit outputs  Numeric

Steps of implementing a logic circuit :

 Logic function representation
 Reduce the function if possible
 implemantation
 Types of Logic Function
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a) Single L. Function √ ... Logic circuit

b) Single L. F. with don’t care ( f ø )
n inputs f
(fø)

f1
c) General L. F x1
f2
xn ... Logic circuit
d) General L.F. with don’t care ( f ø ) fm
n inputs m outputs

(fø)
 Algebric Representation of a Logic Function
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1- SOP (Sum of Products) Form (Sum of minterms- SOM)

Minterm : term that makes boolean expression ‘1’

Two variables (X and Y) produce 2 x 2 = 4 different situations
 x’y’  00  m0 minterm 0
 x’y  01  m1
 xy’  10  m2
 xy  11  m3 minterm 3

n variables form 2n minterms

 Algebric Representation of a Logic Function
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2- POS (Product of Sums) Form (Product of maxterms-POM)

Maxterm: term that makes the function 0

 2 inputs (x,y)  4 different terms
X +Y  00  M0
 X + Y’  01  M1
 X’ +Y  10  M2
 X’ + Y’  11  M3

n variables can be combined to form 2n maxterms

 Example: Two variable (x, y) minterms and maxterms.
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SOP FORM POS FORM

X =1 X =0
X’ = 0 X’ = 1
 How to write a logic function
according to SOP / POS form
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SOP From POS From

F1( a,b,c)= ab’c’ + ab’c + a’bc F2(a,b,c)=(a+b+c’).(a’+b+c’).(a+b+c)

= 100 101 011 = 001 101 000
= m4 m5 m3 = M1 M5 M0
= ∑ m (3,4,5)
= ∏ M (0, 1, 5)
at this minterms value of
at this maxterms value of the
the function is 1
function is zero

EK
 Minterm and Maxterm relationship
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 Exp: According to the table given below, write the
function F in SOP and POS forms
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In SOP form
F(x, y, z) =
x’y’z + x’yz’ + xyz’

In Pos form
F(x, y, z)= (x+y+z)(x+y’+z’)(x’+y+z)(x’+y+z’)(x’+y’+z’)
 Write the function given in truth table, as
Exp: a- maxterms b- minterms
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For maxterms Look 0’s For minterms look 1’s

a b c Q
0 0 0 0 M0= a + b+ c
0 0 1 1
m1= a’.b’. c
m2= a’.b. c’
0 1 0 1
m3= a’.b. c
0 1 1 1
1 0 0 0 M4= a’ + b+ c
1 0 1 0 M5= a’ + b+ c’
1 1 0 1 m6= a.b. c’
1 1 1 1 m7= a.b. c

Q(a,b,c)= M0 .M4. M5 = π M (0,4,5)= (a+b+c).(a’+b+c).(a’+b+c’)

Q(a,b,c)=m1+ m2+ m3+ m6+ m7 =∑m(1,2,3,6,7)

= a’.b’.c + a’bc’ + a’bc + abc’ +abc
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Exp: Prove m3 = M3

m3 = 011 =a’bc M3 =011 =a+b’+c’

M3 = a+b’+c’
= a’ . b . c
 in case of Missing variables !
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In some cases boolean expression can not be in the

format of sum of minterms.
 So, add missing variables as (a + a’ )
 and produce CANONICAL FORM.

 Canonical SOP form: includes all minterms

(terms that makes function 1)
 Canonical POS form: includes all maxterms
(terms that makes the function 0)
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Exp:
F( a,b,c)= a’ + b.c’ write the function in terms SOP form.
(sum of minterms)

Answer:
F = a’ (b+b’) (c+ c’) + (a+a’)b.c’ missing
= (a’b+a’b’)(c+c’) + abc’ +a’bc’
= a’bc+ a’bc’ +a’b’c + a’b’c’+ abc’ +a’bc’
= a’bc+ a’bc’ +a’b’c + a’b’c’+ abc’ canonical sop form
= m3 + m2 + m1 +m0 +m6 +m2
= ∑ m (0,1,2,3,6)
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Product of Maxterms.
 POS  SOP conversion
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 F(x,y,z) = (x+y).(x’ +z) given in POS form.

FSOP = ?

 Find the canonical form by adding missing elements.

 SOPPOS conversion
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 F(x,y,z) = xz’ + x’y +y’z given in SOP form.

Fpos = ?