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6 Fya%Ksh: I Fldgi
6 Fya%Ksh: I Fldgi
6 Fya%Ksh: I Fldgi
Ks;h
6 fYa%Ksh
I fldgi
i
m<uq jk uqøKh - 2014
fojk uqøKh - 2015
f;jk uqøKh - 2016
isõjk uqøKh - 2017
miajk uqøKh - 2018
yhjk uqøKh - 2019
ISBN 978-955-25-0255-2
ii
Y%S ,xld cd;sl .Sh
iii
wms fjuq tl ujlf. orefjda
tl ksjfiys fjfikd
tl mdge;s tl reêrh fõ
wm lh ;=< ÿjkd
wdkkao iurfldaka
iv
—w¨;a fjñka" fjkia fjñka" ksje/È oekqfuka
rgg jf. u uq¿ f,djg u fjkak keK myka˜
vi
kshdukh yd wëlaIKh
ví,sõ' tï' chka; úl%ukdhl - wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
fufyhùu
ví,sõ' ta' ks¾u,d mshiS,s - wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßiaa ^ixj¾Ok&
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
iïnkaëlrKh
tÉ' pkaÈud l=udß o fidhsid - iyldr flduidßia
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
à' ã' iS' l,aydß .=Kfialr - iyldr flduidßia
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
ixialdrl uKav,h
wdpd¾h wd¾' à' iur;=x. - fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h
.‚; wOHhkdxYh" úoHd mSGh
fld<U úYajúoHd,h
wdpd¾h k,Ska .fkaf.dv - fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h
.‚; úoHd wOHhkdxYh
jHjydßl úoHd mSGh
YS% chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h
ví,sõ' tï' m%{do¾Yk - fcHIaG lÓldpd¾h
wOHdmk mSGh
fld<U úYajúoHd,h
î' ã' Ñ;a;dkkao ìhkaú, - wOHlaI
.Ks; wxYh" wOHdmk wud;HdxYh
tï' tka' mS' mSßia - lÓldpd¾h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
tia' rdfÊkaøka - lÓldpd¾h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
tÉ' pkaÈud l=udß o fidhsid - iyldr flduidßia
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
à' ã' iS' l,aydß .=Kfialr - iyldr flduidßia
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
vii
f,aLl uKav,h
î' t,a' iurfialr - lÓldpd¾h
.‚; wOHhkdxYh" úoHd mSGh
fld<U úYajúoHd,h
î' t,a' ñ;%md, - iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI
l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" ylauK
wkqr ã' ùrisxy - .=re WmfoaYl ^msßfjka&
ud;r Èia;s%lalh
î' tï' ìfida ue‚fla - .=re WmfoaYl
fldÜGdY wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" jdßhfmd,
u¾úka refíre .=Kfialr - úÿy,am;s ^úY%dñl&
1' jD;a; 1
2' ia:dkSh w.h 8
3' mQ¾K ixLHd u; .‚; l¾u 21
4' ld,h 38
5' ixLHd f¾Ldj 61
6' ksudkh yd jgehSu 74
7' fldaK 84
8' ÈYd 94
ix
f,aLl iy ixialdrl uKav, igyk
ksmqK;d mdol lr.;a m%fõYhla iys; j fuu fm<fmd; ilia lrk ,È' tu.ska
.Ks; ixl,am ms<sn| oekqu orejkag ,nd§u fuka u tu oekqu tÈfkod Ôú;fha
§ Ndú;h ms<sn| l=i,;d j¾Okh ùu o wfmalaId flf¾' zz.Ks; úIh ;udg
fyd¢ka m%.=K l< yels hZZ hk wdl,amh orejka ;=< j¾Okh lsÍug fuu fmd;
iïmdokfha § wms W;aidy .;af;uq'
tfukau orejd ;=< .Ks; ixl,am ;yjqre lsÍug fuys we;=<;a fndfyda l%shdldrlï"
ksoiqka yd wNHdi tÈfkod Ôú;fha w;aoelSï iuÕ .<md iïmdokh lr we;'
tu.ska .Ks;h tÈfkod Ôú;hg fld;rï jeo.;a úIhla o hkak orejkag ;yjqre
jkq we;' fuu fm<fmd; fj; orejka fhduq lrk .=reNj;=kag fuu fmdf;ys
wvx.= oE mokï lrf.k orejdf.a bf.kqï rgdjg yd uÜgug .e<fmk ;j;a
bf.kqï fuj,ï ilid .; yels h'
fuu fm<fmdf;ys tla tla mdvfuka orejd bf.k .; hq;= oE ms<sn| woyila tu
mdvu wdrïNfha" § we;' mdvug wod< iqúfYaIS lreKq u;lhg k.d .ekSug iEu
mdvula u wjidkfha tys idrdxYh we;=<;a lr we;' mdi,a jdrhla ;=< § lrk
,o jev mqkÍlaIKh i|yd tla tla jdrhg wod< mdvï wjidkfha § mqkÍlaIK
wNHdihla ne.ska" § we;'
bf.kqï l%shdj,shl § orejdg ;ksj hula is;d th m%.=K lsÍug ld,h ,nd Èh hq;=
h' tfuka u .Ks;fhys kHdhd;aul oekqug muKla u iSud fkdfldg w;aoelSfuka
o .Ks;h m%.=K lsÍug bv m%ia;dj ie,ish hq;= h'
jD;a;dldr yevh oelsh yels ;j;a jia;= lsysmhl rEm my; oelafõ'
1'1 wNHdih
(1) my; i|yka oE w;=ßka jD;a;dldr yevh oelsh yels jia;= f;dard
,shkak'
(i) .‚;h fm<fmd; (ii) rndk (iii) ls%lÜ ms;a;
(iv) fmfkarh (v) l=,a, (vi) jdykhl iqlaldku
(vii) jdykhl frdaoh (viii) f;a yekao (ix) l<h
ls%hdldrlu 1
1'2 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk øjH lÜg,fhka" jD;a; we£ug Ndú; l< yels øjH
f;dard" tajdfha wxl ,shkak'
ls%hdldrlu 4
mshjr 1 - fldaÿj Ndú;fhka lvodishl
f¾Ldjla w¢kak'
mshjr 2 - ldishla Ndú; lrñka rEmfha
mßÈ jD;a;hla w¢kak'
by; l%shdldrlfuys mßÈ úúO jl% f¾Ld Tiafia o ldish f.k hñka
jD;a; we|" úúO fudaia;r ks¾udKh lrkak'
tjeks tla fudaia;rhla fuys oelafõ'
ls%hdldrlu 5
mshjr 1 -- jD;a; we£ug Ndú; l< yels øjH lsysmhla" mdg mekai,a
yd lvodis imhd .kak'
mshjr 2 - úúO j¾K Ndú; lrñka"
(i) imhd .;a øjH tlla muKla Ndú;fhka
(ii) úúO m%udKfha øjH folla fyda lsysmhla fyda
Ndú;fhka
jD;a; fudaia;r ks¾udKh lrkak'
mshjr 3 - Tfí ldurh w,xldr lsÍu i|yd jD;a; fudaia;r weiqfrka
ì;a;s ieris,a,lg iqÿiq ks¾udKhla lrkak'
idrdxYh
² wm wjg mßirfha jD;a;dldr yevh we;s úúO m%udKfha jia;=
fndfyda we;'
² jD;a; Ndú; lrñka úúO fudaia;r ks¾udKh l< yels fõ'
oeka wms ixLHdjl" tla tla b,lalu msysgk ia:dkhg wod< ia:dkSh
w.h;a" tla tla b,lalfuka ksrEmKh jk w.h;a meyeÈ,s lr .ksuq'
² mn¿ ;sia myla f.k oyh ne.ska je,aj,g weuqKQ úg oyfha mn¿
je,a 3la ,efnk w;r" mn¿ 5la b;sß fõ'
tla tla ia:dkh y;/ia fldgqjlska i,l=Kq fldg" 35ys tla tla
b,lalfï ia:dkh my; rEmfha olajd we;'
oiia:dkh tlia:dkh
3 5
oiia:dkfha b,lalu tlia:dkfha b,lalu
10 tAjd 1 tAjd
tf,i u"
53 = 10 tAjd 5 + 1 tAjd 3 = 50 + 3 o
65 = 10 tAjd 6 + 1 tAjd 5 = 60 + 5 o
99 = 10 tAjd 9 + 1 tAjd 9 = 90 + 9 o fõ'
.Kl rduqjl tla l+rla i|yd fhÈh yels jeä u .Kl ixLHdj
9ls'
2'1 wNHdih
245ys 5 msygs kafka tlia:dkfha fõ' 245ys 5ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = 1 tAjd 5 = 5
254ys 5 msygs kafka oiia:dkfha fõ' 254ys 5ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = 10 tAjd 5 = 50
s kafka ishia:dkfha fõ' 524ys 5ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = 100 tAjd 5 = 500
524ys 5 msyg
6 7 5 2 4
tlia:dkfha b,lalu
oi oyia:dkfha b,lalu oiia:dkfha b,lalu
oyia:dkfha b,lalu ishia:dkfha b,lalu
ksoiqk 1
5968ys tla tla b,lalfuka ksrEmKh jk w.h ,shkak'
8ka ksrEms; w.h = 1 tajd 8 = 8
6ka ksrEms; w.h = 10 tajd 6 = 60
9ka ksrEms; w.h = 100 tajd 9 = 900
5ka ksrEms; w.h = 1000 tajd 5 = 5000
(3) 4" 5 iy 8 hk tla tla b,lalu tlajrla muKla fhdod .ksñka ,súh
yels ia:dk ;=fka ixLHd ish,a, ,shkak' tu tla tla ixLHdfõ" 8
msysá ia:dkhg wod< ia:dkSh w.h iy 8ka ksrEms; w.h ,shkak'
(4) 2" 4" 5 iy 9 hk tla tla b,lalu tlajrla muKla fhdod .ksñka
,súh yels"
(i) ia:dk y;f¾ úYd,;u ixLHdj ,shkak' tys tla tla b,lalfuka
ksrEmKh jk w.h ,shkak'
(ii) ia:dk y;f¾ l=vd;u ixLHdj ,shkak' tys tla tla b,lalfuka
ksrEmKh jk w.h ,shkak'
fuu ixLHdj lshjkq ,nkafka yhish ye;a;E mka ì,shk foish ye;a;E
wg ñ,shk foish wiQ mka oyia yhish ye;a;E yh hkqfjks'
ixLHdjla tlia:dkfha isg jï w;g fufia ia:dk ;=k ne.ska ldKav
lr ,sùu" tu ixLHdj iïu; wdldrhg ,sùu f,i ye¢kafõ'
iïu; wdldrhg ixLHdjla ,sùfï § tla tla l,dmh fjka lr y÷kd
.ekSug l,dm folla w;r l=vd bvla ;nkq ,efí'
ixLHdjla iïu; wdldrhg ,shd .ekSfuka tu ixLHdj myiqfjka
lshjd .; yels jk w;r" tys úYd,;ajh .ek jegySula o ,nd .;
yels h'
igyk # ixLHd ,sùfï § iïu; wdldrh by; oelajQ wdldrhu fõ'
ixLHd ,sùfï § l,dm fjka lsÍug l,dm w;r we;s l=vd bv fjkqjg
fldudjla o fhdod .kakd iuyr wjia:d we;' kuq;a th ixLHd ,shk
iïu; wdldrh fkdfõ'
16 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
12
34
56 + 9
3 ÷ × 6
idudkH wdldrh iïu; wdldrh
2,854,375 2 854 375
43,529,644 43 529 644
204,007,800 204 007 800
8,430,000,000 8 430 000 000
ixLHd lsysmhla lshjk wdldrh my; j.=fõ oelafõ' tAjd wl=ßka ,shk
wdldrh o thu fõ'
ixLHdjla wl=ßka ,shk wdldrh fyda lshjk wdldrh fyda tys ixLHd
kduh f,i ye¢kafõ'
uqo,a .kqfokq iïnkaO ,smsf,aLkj, § fuf,i uqo, wl=ßka ,shd
oelaùu nyq, j isÿ fõ'
wu;r oekqug
ixLHdj ixLHd kduh jHjydrfha mj;sk fjk;a kdu
100 000 ishla oyi ,laIh
1 000 000 ñ,shkh oi ,laIh
10 000 000 oi ñ,shkh fldaáh
100 000 000 ishla ñ,shkh oi fldaáh
2'3 wNHdih
(1) my; olajd we;s tla tla ixLHdj iïu; wdldrfhka ,shkak'
(2) l,dmj,g fjka lr olajd we;s" my; oelafjk ixLHd wl=ßka ,shd
olajkak'
l,dmh ixLHdj
ì,shk ñ,shk oyia tAll wl=ßka
(i) 10 040 500 000
(ii) 4 750 050 000
(iii) 1 010 100 500
(iv) 75 004 350 050
(3) my; olajd we;s ixLHd fhdod f.k j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
(i) 76735 (ii) 864657 (iii) 2769812 (iv) 47867619
(v) 763156561 (vi) 6746971256 (vii) 276523164515
(4) my; olajd we;s tla tla ixLHdj iïu; wdldrhg ,shd" ixLHd
kduh o ,shd olajkak'
(i) 50800435000 (ii) 43050800500 (iii) 585000430
(iv) 300001283 (v) 299000003 (vi) 272000023
(vii) 100200030000 (viii) 553000000 (ix) 47000005
(5) my; wl=ßka olajd we;s tla tla ixLHdj iïu; wdldrhg ,shkak'
(i) ydrish mka oyi (ii) ;=kaish úismka oyia mkaishh
(iii) y;r ñ,shk wgish oyi (iv) yh ì,shk yeg ñ,shkh
(v) oywg ñ,shk úis y;r oyia mky
(1) fuys olajd we;s tla tla ixLHdj" ksoiqfka oelafjk wdldrhg
ia:dkSh w.h weiqfrka úysÿjd ,shkak'
idrdxYh
² ixLHdjl tla tla b,lalu msyá s ia:dkhg wod< ia:dkSh w.h
ms<f
s j<ska ol=Kq w; isg jï w;g 1" 10" 100" 1000" 10 000 wdÈ
jYfhka fõ'
² ixLHdjl tla tla b,lalfuka ksrEmKh jk w.h" tu b,lalu
msysá ia:dkh wkqj ;SrKh fõ'
² ixLHdjla iïu; wdldrhg ,shd .;a úg" tu ixLHdj lshùu yd
wl=ßka ,shd oelaùu myiq fõ'
Tn oekg bf.k f.k we;s tl;= lsÍu" wvq lsÍu" .=K lsÍu yd fn§u
hk .‚; l¾u" fuu mdvfï § jvd;a úêu;a j Tng bf.k .ekSug
wjia:dj ie,fia'
12 13
fuu tla tla .Kl rduqj, ;sfnk tlia:dkfha .Kl ish,a, fjku;a
oiia:dkfha we;s .Kl ish,a, fjku;a" fjk;a .Kl rduqjlg oeuQ
úg my; wdldrhg ksrEmKh fõ'
3'1 wNHdih
(1) iq¿ lrkak'
(3) mdi,l msßñ <uhs 486la o .eyekq <uhs 658la o isá;s' tu mdif,a
isák uq¿ <uhs ixLHdj lSh o@
(4) bvul we;s fmd,a .iaj,ska ckjdß udifha § fmd,a f.ä 1846la o
ud¾;= udifha § fmd,a f.ä 1384la o lvk ,È' fuu udi fofla §
lvk ,o uq¿ fmd,a f.ä .Kk lSh o@
24 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'
12
34
56 + 9
3 ÷ × 6
(5) im;a;= ksIAmdok wdh;khl ckjdß udifha § im;a;= 1395la o"
fmnrjdß udifha § im;a;= 1426la o ud¾;= udifha § im;a;= 1737la
o ksIamdokh lrk ,È' fï wkqj" udi ;=fka § ksIAmdokh lrk ,o
uq¿ im;a;= ixLHdj lSh o@
(6) jHdmdßlhl= jk ksu,a m<uqjk Èkfha § re 810la o" fojeks Èkfha
§ re 985la o ;=kajeks Èkfha § re 1130la o jYfhka wdodhï ,eî h'
ksu,a fuu Èk ;=fka § u ,enQ uq¿ wdodhu lSh o@
(7) lsß tl;= lsÍfï uOHia:dkhl i÷od Èkhl lsß fnda;,a 974la o"
w`.yrejdod i÷odg jvd lsß fnda;,a 103la o tl;= lf<a kï" i÷od
yd w`.yrejdod Èk fofla § tl;= jQ uq¿ lsß fnda;,a m%udKh lSh o@
fojk rEmfha oe,afjk myka ixLHdj 25ka 12la wvq lsÍfuka o ,nd
.; yels fõ'
ksoiqk 1
iq¿ lrkak'
(i) (ii) (iii)
3'2 wNHdih
(1) iq¿ lrkak'
(i) 35 (ii) 478 (iii) 3975 (iv) 72 (v) 576
- 23 - 153 - 2341 - 38 -129
(vi) 352 (vii) 814 (viii) 506 (ix) 602 (x) 700
- 175 - 359 - 273 - 435 - 354
(3) fmd,a f.ä 475la /f.k .sh ksu,a bka fmd,a f.ä 297la úl=Kqfõ
kï" b;sß fmd,a f.ä .Kk fldmuK o@
fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 27
12
34
56 + 9
3 ÷ × 6
(4) /iaùulg iyNd.s jQ 300lska" msßñka 192la isáfha kï tys isá
.eyekqka .Kk fldmuK o@
(5) l¾udka; Yd,djl 2013 j¾Ifha §" fudag¾ r: 1450la o 2014 j¾Ifha
§ 2325la o ksmojkq ,eî h' 2013 j¾Ihg jvd 2014 j¾Ifha §
ksIAmdokh lr we;s fudag¾ r: m%udKh fidhkak'
(6) fyaIdka ;u mshdf.ka re 325la o ujf.ka re 430la o ,nd .;af;a h'
tu uqo,aj,ska re 149lg fifrmamq l=Ügula o" re 225lg fmd;la o
ñ, § .;a úg" Tyq <`. b;sß jQ uqo, fidhkak'
rEmfha olajd we;af;a fmar f.ä 5 ne.ska we;s fmar f.dvj,a ;=kls'
fuu fmar f.dvj,a ;=fkys u we;s fmar f.ä .Kk 15 fõ'
5 + 5 + 5 = 15
"mfya tajd ;=kla " hkak" 5 × 3 wdldrhg .=K lsÍula f,i oelafõ'
tkï" 5 × 3 = 15
fï whqßka u" 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 2 × 5 = 10 o
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 10 × 4 = 40 o fõ'
10g wvq mQ¾K ixLHd .=K lsÍu" by; .=Kk j.=j wdOdrfhka l<
yels h' th my; WodyrK u.ska meyeÈ,s lr.kak'
5 × 3 = 15 (
i,l=K n,kak)
7 × 6 = 42 (
i,l=K n,kak)
9 × 8 = 72 (
i,l=K n,kak)
34 × 2ys .=Ks;h by; j.=fjka fl<ska u ,nd .; fkdyels h' tjeks
wjia:dj, .=Ks;h fidhuq'
34 tajd 2la hkq 34 + 34 fõ' tkï" 68 fõ'
fuu ms<s;=r my; wdldrhg o ,nd .; yels h'
34ys tlia:dkfha yd oiia:dkfha we;s b,lalïj, ksrEmKh jk
w.hka fjk fjk u 2ka .=K lr" ,efnk ixLHd tl;= lsÍfuka 68
,efí'
fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 29
12
34
56 + 9
3 ÷ × 6
34ys tlia:dkfha we;s 4" 2ka .=K l< úg tfla tajd 8la ,efí'
34ys oiia:dkfha we;s 3" 2ka .=K l< úg oyfha tAjd 6la ,efí'
tA wkqj" oyfha tAjd 8 + tfla tAjd 6 = 60 + 8 = 68
3'3 wNHdih
(1) by; oelajQ .=Kk j.=j Ndú;fhka" my; tAjdfhys .=‚;hka ,nd
.kak'
(i) 3 × 4 (ii) 7 × 3 (iii) 8 × 0 (iv) 9 × 6
(2) w.h fidhkak'
(i) 42 × 3 (ii) 122 × 4 (iii) 78 × 7 (iv) 96 × 9
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
64 ×3 6ys w.h fidhkak' 157 ×5 2ys w.h fidhkak'
(4) Yd,djl tla fm<l mqgq 57 ne.ska fma<s 35la we;' Yd,dfõ we;s mqgq
ixLHdj fldmuK o@
(5) iy,a u,a,l ñ, re 1225la fõ' tn÷ iy,a u¨ 75l ñ, fldmuK o@
(6) mdi,a nia r:hl .uka l< yels Wmßu isiqka .Kk 55ls' tjeks
nia r: 6l .uka l< yels Wmßu isiqka .Kk fldmuK o@
(7) mdi,a isiqjl=g wNHdi fmd;a 8la wjYH h' wNHdi fmd;l ñ,
re 48ls' mka;sfha isák isiqka .Kk 35ls' isiqka 35 fokdg u wjYH
wNHdi fmd;a m%udKh ñ, § .ekSug wjYH uq¿ uqo, fldmuK o@
fjr¿ f.ä 10la risl yd iór hk ñ;=rka fofokd w;r iufia fnod
.;a úg tla whl=g ,enqKq fjr¿ m%udK rEmfha oelafõ'
iórg ,enqKq fjr¿ f.ä .Kk 5 hs' rislg ,enqKq fjr¿ f.ä .Kk 5 hs'
rislg fjr¿ f.ä 5la o iórg fjr¿ f.ä 5la o ne.ska ,efí' fufia
fofokd w;r fjr¿ fnok wdldrh úia;r lrkq ,nkafka" 10 fn§u
2 f,i hs'
fuh 10 ÷ 2 f,i ,shkq ,efí'
tA wkqj" 10 ÷ 2 = 5'
fuh my; wdldrhg o meyeÈ,s lr .; yels h'
10g mfya f.dvj,a 2ls' tkï" 10 = 5 « 2'
tu ksid" 10 iudk f.dvj,a follg fn¥ úg" tla f.dvl myla ;sfí'
tkï" 10 ÷ 2 = 5'
oeka" wms fnd;a;ï 7la hy¿jka fofokl= w;r
iudk j fnouq' fuys § tla whl=g 3 ne.ska
,efnk w;r 1la b;sß fõ'
tkï" 7 ÷ 2 hkq 3 hs b;sß 1 hs'
7 ÷ 2, §¾> fn§fï l%ufhka lrk wdldrh my; oelafõ'
ta wkqj"
� ol=Kqmi w.g ìkaÿ 1la fh§ we;s ixLHdjla 10ka fn¥ úg" ixLHdfõ
tu ìkaÿj bj;a lsÍfuka ms<s;=r ,efí'
� ol=Kqmi w.g ìkaÿ 2la fh§ we;s ixLHdjla" 100ka fn¥ úg"
ixLHdfõ tu ìkaÿ 2 bj;a lsÍfuka ms<s;=r ,efí'
� ol=Kqmi w.g ìkaÿ 3la fh§ we;s ixLHdjla" 1000ka fn¥ úg"
ixLHdfõ tu ìkaÿ 3 bj;a lsÍfuka ms<s;=r ,efí'
igyk
´kE u ixLHdjla ìkaÿfjka 0" ìkaÿj fkdjk ´kE u ixLHdjlska fn¥
.=K l< úg ms<s;=r 0 fõ' úg ms<s;=r 0 fõ'
2×0=0 0÷ 2=0
28 × 0 = 0 0 ÷ 13 = 0
412 × 0 = 0 0 ÷ 971 = 0
kuq;a" lsisu ixLHdjla 0ka fn§u l< fkdyels h'
15
57 5 mshjr 3 - tfla tAjd 25" 5ka fnouq'
5
25 túg" tfla tAjd 5 hs b;sß ke;'
25 5 « 5 =2 5
0 tkï" 75 ÷ 5 ys w.h 15 fõ'
20 ÷ 5 ys w.h fidhuq'
3'5 wNHdih
(1) ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
(i) 40 ÷ 10 = '''''''' (ii) 720 ÷ 10 = ''''''''
(iii) 600 ÷ 100 = '''''''''' (iv) 1300 ÷ 100 = '''''''''
(v) 5000 ÷ 1000 = ''''''''' (vi) 12 800 ÷ 10 = ''''''''''
(vii) 19 000 ÷ 1000 = '''''''''' (viii) 8300 ÷ ''''''''' = 83
(ix) 24 380 ÷ 10 = ''''''''' (x) 31 000 ÷ ''''''''' = 3100
(2) §¾> fn§fï l%ufhka iq¿ lrkak'
(i) 525 ÷ 7 (ii) 240 ÷ 9 (iii) 416 ÷ 13
(iv) 625 ÷ 25 (v) 448 ÷ 14 (vi) 2244 ÷ 17
(vii) 2772 ÷ 21 (viii) 1980 ÷ 15 (ix) 3696 ÷ 24
(x) 2052 ÷ 19
(3) 16 fokl= hk jEka r:hlg wh lrkq ,nk .dia;=j re 10 800ls' tu
.dia;=j myf<dia fokl= w;r iu j fnod .kafka kï" tla whl=
f.úh hq;= uqo, lSh o@
(4) mqgq 6480la mdi,a 20lg iu fia fnod Èh hq;= j we;akï tla mdi,lg
,efnk mqgq ixLHdj lSh o@
(5) inka leg 25la ne.ska we;s fmÜá 12l we;s inka leg" fiajlhka
myf<dia fokl= w;r iudk j fn¥ úg tla whl=g ,efnk inka
leg .Kk lSh o@
z yß ueo iú lr we;s lgq ;=fkka" flá u lgqj meh lgqj fõ' fuys
r;= mdáka olajd we;s isyska u lgqj ;;amr lgqj fõ' wfkla lgqj
ñks;a;= lgqj fõ'
z Trf,daiq uqyqKf;a wxl ms<sfj<ska jeä jk w;g lgq ;=k u
lerlefjhs'
z meh lgqfõ ;=v tl wxlhl isg B<Õ wxlh olajd hEug .; jk
ld,h meh tlls'
z ñks;a;= lgqfõ ;=v" tla flá brl isg B<Õ flá br olajd hEug
.; jk ld,h ñks;a;= tlls'
z ;;amr lgqfõ ;=v tla flá brl isg B<Õ flá br olajd hEug
.; jk ld,h ;;amr tlls'
z mehl ld,h ;=< ñks;a;= lgqj iïmQ¾K jghla .uka lrhs'
meh 1 = ñks;a;= 60
(1) my; tla tla Trf,daiq uqyqKf;a oelafjk fõ,dj meh" ñks;a;= iy
;;amr weiqfrka ,shd olajkak'
oji wdrïN ù ñks;; a = 30la f.ù .sh úg fõ,dj olajkafka 00:30 f,isk's
fm'j' 10'30 olajkafka 10:30 f,isks'
uOHdyak 12'00 olajkafka 12:00 f,isks'
m'j' 1'00 olajkafka 13:00 f,isks'
m'j' 6'00 olajkafka 18:00 f,isks'
ksoiqk 1
m'j' 2'35" wka;¾cd;sl iïu; wdldrhg ,shkak'
ms<s;=r 14:35 fõ'
msg;a jk fõ,dj
meh 12 l%uhg iïu; wdldrh
.ukdka;h fõ,dj olajk
wdldrh
lajd,d,ïmQ¾ fm'j' 7'05 '''''''''''''''''''
;%sfõkaøï ''''''''''''''''''' 08:25
isx.mamQrej m'j' 7'10 '''''''''''''''''''
kj È,a,sh ''''''''''''''''''' 19:15
fpkakdhs fm'j' 10'30 '''''''''''''''''''
lrÉÑ ''''''''''''''''''' 19:55
vqndhs m'j' 6'45 '''''''''''''''''''
meßia ''''''''''''''''''' 08:00
,kavka fm'j' 11'10 '''''''''''''''''''
nexfldla ''''''''''''''''''' 20:30
ud,Èjhsk m'j' 1'25 '''''''''''''''''''
4'3 wNHdih
^1& my; i|yka tla tla ld,h" ;;amrj,ska olajkak'
^i& ñks;a;= 1 ^ii& ñks;a;= 8 ^iii& ñks;a;= 30
^iv& ñks;a;= 20 ^v& ñks;a;= 38 ^vi& ñks;a;= 48
² ;;amrj,ska olajd we;s ld,hla ñks;a;=j,ska oelaùu
;;amr 60 = ñks;a;= 1 neúka"
;;amr 120 = ñks;a;= 2
;;amr 180 = ñks;a;= 3
tkï" ;;amrj,ska § we;s ld,hla" ñks;a;=j,ska oelaùug tu ld,h §
we;s ;;amr .Kk 60ka fnÈh hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
;;amr 360" ñks;a;=j,ska ;;amr 150" ñks;;
a j
= ,ska iy ;;amrj,ska
olajkak' olajkak'
;;amr 60 = ñks;a;= 1
;;amr 60 = ñks;a;= 1 ;;amr 150 = ;;amr 120 + ;;amr 30
;;amr 360 = ñks;a;= 360 ÷ 60 ;;amr 120 = ñks;a;= 2la neúka"
= ñks;a;= 6 ;;amr 150 = ñks;; a = 2 hs ;;amr 30 hs'
4'4 wNHdih
(1) ;;amrj,ska § we;s my; i|yka tla tla ld,h" ñks;a;=j,ska m%ldY
lrkak'
^i& ;;amr 60 ^ii& ;;amr 120 ^iii& ;;amr 240
^iv& ;;amr 300 ^v& ;;amr 1200 ^vi& ;;amr 3600
ksoiqk 1
meh 8" ñks;a;=j,ska olajkak'
meh 1 = ñks;a;= 60
meh 8 = ñks;a;= 60 × 8
= ñks;a;= 480
4'5 wNHdih
(1) meh 1l we;s ;;amr .Kk ,nd .ekSu i|yd lrk ,o mßj¾;k
lsysmhla my; oelafõ' ysia fldgqj,g .e<fmk ixLHd ,shkak'
meh 1 = ñks;a;= = ;;amr
(1) mehj,ska olajd we;s my; i|yka tla tla ld,h ñks;a;=j,ska
olajkak'
^i& meh 1 ^ii& meh 2 ^iii& meh 3
^iv& meh 5 ^v& meh 12 ^vi& meh 24
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
ñks;a;= 720" mehj,ska ñks;a;= 200" meh iy ñks;a;=j,ska
olajkak' olajkak'
ñks;a;= 60 = meh 1 ñks;a;= 60 = meh 1
ñks;a;= 720 = meh 720 ÷ 60 ñks;a;= 200 = ñks;a;= 180 + ñks;a;= 20
= meh 12 = meh 3 ñks;a;= 20
4'6 wNHdih
(1) ñkss;a;=j,ska olajd we;s my; i|yka tla tla ld,h mehj,ska
olajkak'
^i& ñks;a;= 60 ^ii& ñks;a;= 180 ^iii& ñks;a;= 540
^iv& ñks;a;= 300 ^v& ñks;a;= 360 ^vi& ñks;a;= 600
ksoiqk 3
meh 37" Èkj,ska iy mehj,ska olajkak'
meh 24 = Èk 1
meh 37 = meh 24 + meh 13
= Èk 1 hs meh 13 hs
4'7 wNHdih
4'5 .; jQ ld,h
oeka wms fõ,djka folla weiqfrka .; jQ ld,h fidhuq'
iqñ;af.a uj m'j' 2'00g lvhg hEug msg;a jQjd h' uj wdmiq meñ‚fha
m'j' 3'30g h' iqñ;af.a uj lvhg f.dia ksjig tAug .; jQ ld,h
fidhuq'
ksoiqk 1
iñ;af.a wlald jdr úNd.hg iQodkï ùu i|yd Bfha m'j' 7'30 isg
m'j' 10'15 olajd mdvï l<d h' wlald mdvï l< ld,h fidhkak'
mdvï lr wjika jQ fõ,dj = m'j' 10'15
mdvï lsÍu wdrïN l< fõ,dj = m'j 7'30
tlu jrejla ;=< isÿ jQ isÿùï 2ls' tneúka mdvï lsÍug .; jQ ld,h
fiùug" mdvï lsÍu wjika l< fõ,dj;a mdvï lsÍu wdrïN l<
fõ,dj;a w;r fjki fidhuq'
4'8 wNHdih
(1) iór m'j' 3'00 isg m'j' 7'00 olajd jQ ld,h .; l< wdldrh § we;'
Trf,daiq uqyqK;a u.ska tla tla ld¾hh wdrïNl yd wjidk fõ,djka
oelafõ' tla tla ld¾hh i|yd Tyq .; l< ld,h ñks;a;=j,ska
fidhkak'
(ii)
(iii)
wjika jQ
ld¾hh wdrïN jQ fõ,dj .; jQ ld,h
fõ,dj
mdif,a m<uq
fm'j' 7'30 fm'j' 8'10 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
ld,Éfþoh
mdif,a úfõl
fm'j' 10'45 fm'j' 11'00 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
ld,h
.=jka úÿ,shg ijka
fm'j' 5'25 fm'j' 6'05 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
§u
jHdhdu lsÍu fm'j' 6'10 fm'j' 6'25 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
mdi,g hEu fm'j' 6' 10 ''''''''''''''''''''''' ñks;a;= 35hs ;;amr 30hs'
mdvï lsÍu fm'j' 10'30 ''''''''''''''''''''''' meh 2hs ñks;a;= 25hs'
rEmjdysks keröu m'j' 8'30 ''''''''''''''''''''''' ñks;a;= 28hs ;;amr 15hs'
ksoiqk 2 ksoiqk 3
ñks;a;= ;;amr Èk meh
3 20 2 10
+ 2 30 + 1 12
5 50 3 22
4'9 wNHdih
(15) ñksfila .uklska fldgila nia r:fhka .sh w;r tA i|yd meh
1 hs' ñks;a;= 45la .;úh' .ufka b;sß fldgi mhska hEu i|yd
ñks;a;= 35la .; jQfha kï, Tyqg .ukg .; jQ uq¿ ld,h fidhkak'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
ñks;a;= ;;amr meh ñks;a;=
4 30 5 35
- 2 15 - 2 25
2 15 3 10
4'10 wNHdih
^1& ^2& ^3&
ñks;a;= ;;amr ñks;a;= ; ;amr ñks;a;= ;;amr
5 40 20 55 10 30
- 3 10 - 10 45 - 5 50
idrdxYh
² wka;¾cd;sl iïu; wdldrhg meh 24 Trf,daiqfjka fõ,dj ,shkafka
my; wdldrhg hs'
meh : ñks;a;= : ;;amr
fuys §" meh" ñks;;a = iy ;;amr .Kk b,lalï follska oelaúh hq;= h'
² Èkh iïu; wdldrhg ,shkafka my; wdldrhghs'
wjqreÿ - udih - Èkh
yyyy - mm - dd
fuys § j¾Ih b,lalï y;rlska o udih b,lalï follska yd Èkh
b,lalï follska o olajkq ,efí'
² ;;amr" ñks;a;=" meh iy Èk ld,h uekSug Ndú; lrk tAll lsysmhla
fõ' tAjd w;r my; iïnkaO;d we;'
;;amr 60 = ñks;a;= 1
ñks;a;= 60 = meh 1
meh 24 = Èk 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
mshjr 4 - f¾Ldfõ ol=Kq wka;fhys B ysila fhdokak'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 ²²²²²²²²
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ksoiqk 1
k.r lsysmhl WIaK;ajh fi,aishia wxYlj,ska oelaùu i|yd fhdod
.; yels ixLHd f¾Ldjla my; oelafõ'
0 8 16 24
0 8 16 24
A k.rfha WIaK;ajh
C k.rfha WIaK;ajh
5'1 wNHdih
(1) my; § we;s ixLHd f¾Ldj msgm;a lr .kak' th u; 1" 2 iy 5 hk
ixLHd i,l=Kq lrkak'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
(2) my; olajd we;s ixLHd f¾Ldj u; i,l=Kq lr we;s ixLHd ,shd
olajkak'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
10 15 20 25
(7) my; ixLHd f¾Ldfõ .S;df.a yd ksu,af.a oeka jhi wjqreÿj,ska
olajd we;'
ksu,af.a jhi
0 5 10 15 20
.S;df.a jhi
(i) .S;d yd ksu,a w;=ßka jeäuy,a jkafka ljqreka o@
(ii) .S;df.a oeka jhi lSh o@
(iii) .S;df.a jhi wjqreÿ 10 jk úg ksu,af.a jhi lSh o@
5'2 RK ixLHd
ls%hdldrlu 2
mshjr 1 - my; rEmfha oelafjk mßÈ ixLHd f¾Ldjla w¢kak'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
mshjr 2 - fldaÿjla Ndú;fhka f¾Ldj ìkaÿfjka jï mig È.= lr
my; rEmfha wdldrh ,nd.kak'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
mshjr 3 - ixLHd f¾Ldfjys olajd we;s mr;r fkdfjkia jk mßÈ" 0ka
jï mig o iudk mr;r ,efnk fia ia:dk ,l=Kq lrkak'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
mshjr 4 - ìkaÿfõ isg jï mig tla mr;rhla .uka l< úg yuq jk
ia:dkhg wod< ixLHdjg RK tl he hs lshkq ,efí' th
-1 f,i ixfla;j;a flf¾' zz-ZZ i,l=Kg" RK ,l=K
he hs lshkq ,efí'
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
igyk
ksoiqk 1
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
ixLHd f¾Ldj u; 1 we;af;a - 4g ol=Kq misks' tu ksid my; ´kE u
wdldrhlg ksÅ, ixikaokh bÈßm;a l< yels h'
1" - 4g jvd úYd, fõ hkak 1 > - 4 f,i oelaúh yels h'
- 4" 1g jvd l=vd fõ hkak" - 4 < 1 f,i oelaúh yels h'
ksoiqk 2
6" 11 iy 13 hk ixLHdj,ska iqÿiq ixLHdj fhdod my; ysia;eka
mqrjkak'
(i) 11 < '''''' (ii) 11 > '''''' (iii) 11 = ''''''
(i) 11 <''''''
13 (ii) 11 >''''''
6 (iii) 11 =''''''
11
5'3 wNHdih
(1) wiudk;d ,l=Kq Ndú;fhka ksÅ, folla ixikaokh lr" my;
olajd we;' tu tla tla wjia:dj" jpkfhka úia;r jk wdldrh
,shkak'
wiudk;dj jpkfhka úia;r jk wdldrh
(i) 6>2 yh" folg jvd úYd, fõ'
(ii) 25 > 12
(iii) 4>0
(iv) 0<7
(v) 15 < 50
(vi) 0 > -3
(vii) -1 > -8
(viii) - 6 < -2
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
ixLHd f¾Ldfjys jï mi isg ol=Kq mig ixLHdjkays w.h l%ufhka
jeä fõ' tu ksid" by; ixLHd l%ufhka w.h jeä jk fia ,shQ úg -3"
-1" 0" 3 fõ'
5'4 wNHdih
(1) my; § we;s ixLHd f¾Ldj u; i,l=Kq lr we;s ixLHd wdfrdayK
mámdáhg ,shd olajkak'
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
(2) ixLHd f¾Ldj Ndú;fhka" § we;s ksÅ, wjfrdayK mámdáhg
,shkak'
-4" 0" -2" 2
(3) ixLHd f¾Ldj Ndú;fhka" § we;s ksÅ, wdfrdayK mámdáhg ,shd
olajkak'
0" -1" 2" - 4" - 2
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
fuf,i" wkqhd; fkdjk ksÅ, folla w;r we;s ksÅ, ixLHd f¾Ldj
u.ska myiqfjka y÷kd.; yels h'
5'5 wNHdih
ñY% wNHdih
idrdxYh
² iudk mr;r iys; j ol=Kq mig l%ufhka w.h jeä jk fia ixLHd
ksrEmKh lr we;s my; wdldrfha f¾Ldjla ixLHd f¾Ldj kï fõ'
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
² ixLHd f¾Ldfjys ìkaÿfjka jï mi we;s ixLHd RK ixLHd fõ'
²' ''" -3" -2" -1" 0" 1" 2" 3" '''' hk ixLHd ksÅ, fõ' ìkaÿj Ok fyda
RK fyda fkdjk ksÅ,hls'
² ksÅ, hq.,la ixikaokfha § jvd úYd, nj oelaùug —>˜ixfla;h
o jvd l=vd nj oelaùug —<˜ ixfla;h o fhdod .kS'
² ixLHd f¾Ldjla u; jQ ixLHd folla iei£fï §" iEu úg u tys
ol=K;a miska we;s ixLHdj ju;a miska we;s ixLHdjg jvd úYd, h'
² ixLHd f¾Ldj weiqfrka wkqhd; fkdjk ksÅ, folla w;r we;s
ksÅ, myiqfjka y÷kd.; yels h'
tla;rd mqj;am;l msgm;a" f.dvj,a folla wiqrd we;s whqre my; rEmfha
oelafõ' bka B f.dfvys mqj;am;a 10la we;' A f.dfvys we;s mqj;am;a
.Kk ksudkh lrkak'
fuys oelafjk fldgia l< f¾Ldj Ndú;fhka f.dvj,a foflys
m%udKh ixikaokh lruq'
túg A f.dv" B f.dv fuka y;r .=Khl muK Wila we;s nj
meyeÈ,s fõ'
A rEmh B rEmh
B f.dfâ we;s mqj;am;a .Kk = 10
A f.dfâ we;s mqj;am;a .Kk = 10 « 4
wdikak jYfhka {
= 40
6'1 wNHdih
^3& tla;rd úoHd,hl 6 fY%aKsfha isg 11 fY%a‚h f;la 6A, 6B, 6C, 7A
7B, 7C, ... wdÈ jYfhka iudka;r mka;s ;=k ne.ska we;' tu iEu
mka;shl u wdikak jYfhka iudk YsIH ixLHdj ne.ska isá;s' 6A
mka;sfha isák YsIH ixLHdj 36ls' fuu úoHd,fha 6 isg 11 f;la
fYa%‚j, isák uq¿ YsIH ixLHdj ksudkh lr ,shkak'
6'2 jgehSu
tla;rd lafIA;% pdßldjla i|yd isiqka 38 fokl= muK iyNd.s ùug
kshñ; h' pdßldjg iyNd.s jk isiqka .Kk 40la muK jk nj
.=re;=ñh úÿy,am;s;=udg mejiqjd h' fuys § 38" thg jvd;a u lsÜgq
oyfha .=Kdldrfhka" 40la f,i wdikak j olajd we;' fï wdldrhg
tÈfkod lghq;=j, §" hïlsis mQ¾K ixLHdjla" wdikak jYfhka thg
jvd;a u lsÜgq oyfha .=Kdldrfhka bÈßm;a lrk wjia:d we;' tA
myiqfjka wod< ixLHdj ms<sn| wjfndaOhla ,nd .ekSug hs'
WodyrKhla f,i mdif,a 6 fY%aKsfha mka;s yfhys YsIH ixLHdj 28"
31" 29" 30" 31" 32 fõ' fujeks wjia:dj, § mka;shl YsIH ixLHdj 30la
muK fõ he hs hul=g lsj yels h'
by; i|yka iEu wjia:djl § u tA tA ixLHd thg jvd;a u lsÜgq oyfha
.=Kdldrfhka olajd we;' tu l%shdj,sh" ixLHdjla wdikak oyfha
.=Kdldrhg jgehSu f,i ye¢kafõ'
ls%hdldrlu 1
10 20 30
² rEmfha oelafjk mßÈ 10" 20 yd 30 hk ixLHdj,g háka l=vd
fldgq ;=kla we| .kak'
10 20 30
² we| .;a ixLHd f¾Ldj u; 11" 12" 14" 15" 18" 22" 24" 25 iy 28 hk
ixLHd ,l=Kq lrkak'
² tla tla ixLHdj" thg wdikakfha u we;s oyfha .=Kdldrhg
háka we;s fldgqfõ ,shkak' hï ixLHdjla oyfha .=Kdldr foll
yßueo msysgd we;a kï" tu ixLHdj thg jvd úYd," wdikak; u
oyfha .=Kdldrhg háka we;s fldgqfõ ,shkak'
² ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha b,lalu mÍlaId lsÍfuka tu ixLHdj
wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg jgehSu l< yels wdldrh y÷kd
.kak'
² by; ls%hdldrlu wkqj Tng my; i|yka jgehSfï Í;s jgyd
.ekSug yels jQfha o@
ksoiqk 3
bf¾Id jdr mÍlaIKfha § úoHdj úIhhg ,nd.;a ,l=Kq m%udKh
wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg jgehQ úg 70la úh' kfhdañ bf¾Idg jvd
jeä ,l=Kq ,nd.;a w;r" kfhdañf.a ienE ,l=Kq m%udKh 67la úh'
bf¾Id ,nd .;a ,l=Kq i|yd ;sìh yels w.hka fudkjd o@
kfhdañ ,nd we;s ,l=Kq m%udKh 67ls' weh bf¾Idg jvd jeä ,l=Kq
m%udKhla f.k we;s neúka bf¾Idf.a ,l=Kq m%udKh 67g jvd wvq
úh hq;= h'
67g wvq ixLHdj,ska" wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg" 70 f,i
jgefhkafka 65 yd 66 mu‚' tneúka bf¾Id ,nd .;a ,l=Kq m%udKh
i|yd ;sìh yels w.hka 65 yd 66 fõ'
6'2 wNHdih
^r;= bkaÈhdkq kdhl isheg,a úiska ls%'j' 1854 § mj;ajk ,o iqm%lg l:dfõ
fldgil wkqjdohls&'
(i) by; fþofha ´kE u fma<s ;=kl we;s jpk .Kk .Kka lr
,shkak'
(ii) fþofha we;s uq¿ jpk .Kk by; ms<s;=r weiqfrka ksudkh lr
,shkak'
(2) hula ksudkh lsÍfï § tys ms<s;=r" ksudkh lrk mqoa.,hd wkqj
fjkia jk nj .sydka mjihs' Tn fuu woyig tlÕ jkafka o@
ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak'
idrdxYh
² hï lsis øjH lÜg,hl we;s øjH ixLHdj" ish,a, .Kka lsÍfuka
f;dr j fhda.H jQ l%uhlg wkqj wdikak jYfhka lSu ksudkh
kï fõ'
² mQ¾K ixLHdjla" thg jvd;a u lsÜgq oyfha .=Kdldrfhka oelaùu"
wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg jgehSu kï fõ'
A B
fuu tla tla wjia:dfõ §" fojeks brgq fldgi lerlejqKq m%udKh
tu fldaKfha úYd,;ajh fõ'
fldaKj, úYd,;ajh jeä jk ms<sfj<g" by; rEm igyka fm< .iajd
we;'
fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 85
12
34
56 + 9
3 ÷ × 6
7'1 wNHdih
(1) my; rEm w;=ßka fldaK oelafjk rEm f;dard" tu rEmj, wlaIr
,shkak'
(2) my; tla tla wjia:dfõ olajd we;s fldaK foflka úYd, fldaKh
f;dard" Bg wod< wlaIrh ,shd olajkak'
(ii)
(i)
(iii)
(a) (b)
(iv)
(a) (b)
ls%hdldrlu 2
mka;s ldurfha §" Rcq fldaK yevh msysgk ia:dk lsysmhla my;
oelafõ'
² fmd;l msgljrfha tl <Õ we;s odr folla yuq jk ia:dkh
² .=re fïi ,E,af,a uq,a,la
² l¿ ,E,af,a uq,a,la
ls%hdldrlu 3
(iv) (v)
7'2 wNHdih
(1) rEmfha oelafjk fldaK w;=ßka Rcq fldaK f;dard" tAjdfha wxl ,shkak'
oeka Tn Rcq fldaK" iq¿ fldaK" ir, fldaK" uyd fldaK yd mrdj¾;
fldaK f,i fldaK j¾. myla y÷kdf.k we;'
ls%hdldrlu 4
7'3 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla Trf,daiqfõ meh lgqj yd ñks;a;= lgqj w;r
i,l=Kq lr we;s fldaKh l=uk j¾.hg wh;a oe hs ,shkak'
4 5
1 2 3
6
8
7 10
9
(3) my; oelafjk tla tla rEmfha wxl u.ska olajd we;s fldaK l=uk
j¾.hg wh;a oe hs wxlh iu`. ,sshkak'
1 1
2
1 2 2 3
3
4
(i) (ii) (iii)
1 1 2
4
3 2 3
4 1 2
(iv) (v) (vi) 3
(4) § we;s j.=j msgm;a lrf.k my; i|yka tla tla rEmfha 1 yd 2
f,i olajd we;s fldAK l=uk j¾.hg wh;a oe hs i|yka lrkak'
rEmh fldaK j¾.h
1 2
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(5) fldgq lvodishla u; my; i|yka tla tla j¾.fha fldaK fol
ne.ska w¢kak' tu fldaK i,l=Kq lrkak'
• iq¿ fldaK • Rcq fldaK • uyd fldaK
• ir, fldaK • mrdj¾; fldaK
(6) cfk,a oe,a ^.%s,a& iE§fï §" úúO fldaKhkag wkqj hlv l+re mdiaikq
,efí' Tn wjg mßirfha we;s fujeks oE weiqfrka" úúO j¾.fha
fldaK úoyd oelafjk rEm igyka w¢kak'
idrdxYh
8'1 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk rEmh foi n,d ysia;eka mqrjkak'
W
W;=r
jhU Bidk
ngysr kef.kysr
ksß; .sksfldk
ol=K
B C E
D F
ydjd
A
G
^w& ydjd .uka l< u`." ÈYd weiqfrka olajñka" j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
nr
ll=f,a odrh
isriaf¾L djls' ;sria u;=msgla
;sria odrhla
isria u;=msgla
;sria odrhla
isria odrhla
f.ìu
(3) rEmfha oelafjkafka isria ;,hl ;nd we;s mfrú l+vqjls' tys
fldgqj, isák mfrúhka A, B, C, D, E, F iy G f,i olajd we;'
rEmh weiqfrka my; i|yka j.ka;sj, ysia;eka mqrjkak'
A C
E F
B D G
idrdxYh
² ysre kef.k ÈYdj kef.kysr ÈYdj o ysre nisk ÈYdj ngysr
ÈYdj o fõ'
² hï ia:dkhl msysàu" ;j;a ia:dkhl msysàug wkqj m%ldY lsÍug
wg ÈYd fhdod .; yels h'
² wg ÈYd - W;=r" Bidk" kef.kysr" .sksfldk" ol=K" ksß;"
ngysr iy jhU
² wkq ÈYd - Bidk" .sksfldk" ksß; iy jhU
² m%Odk ÈYd - W;=r" kef.kysr" ol=K iy ngysr
(4) Y%S ,xldj" bx.%Sis md,kfhka ksoyi ,nd .;af;a 1948 fmnrjdß 04
jk Èk § h' fuu Èkh iïu; wdldrhg ,shd olajkak'
(5) ysia fldgqj,g .e<fmk b,lalï ,shkak'
mdi,
ksji frday,
ÿïßhm<
mkai,
nexl=j
Trf,daiq lKqj
c
(14) (a) rEmfhys oelafjk a, b, c, d, e yd f
wlaIrj,ska fmkajd we;s tla tla fldaKh
ljr j¾.fha oe hs i|yka lrkak' b
e d
a f
(b) iu;,d ìul jQ iup;=ri%dldr bvul fldka y;r A, B, C yd
D f,i rEmfha mßÈ kïlr we;' A isg neÆ úg D msysgkafka
ol=Kq ÈYdfjks' fldka y;r w;r fl<ska jeà we;s ud¾. Tiafia
.uka l< yels h' ta tla tla wjia:dfõ § .uka l< hq;= ÈYdj
,shd olajkak'
(16) .d,af,a isg mer‚ .d¨ mdr Tiafia lgqkdhl .=jka f;dgqm< fj;
hdug idudkHfhka .; jk ld,h meh 3ls'
tu .uk kj .d¨ lgqkdhl ud¾.h Ndú;fhka idudkHfhka
meh 1 ñks;a;= 20lska ksu l< yels h'
^i& kj ud¾.h Ndú; lr fuu .uk hdfuka b;sß jk ld,h
meh yd ñks;a;=j,ska olajkak'
^ii& u.shl= m'j' 2'00g lgqkdhl .=jka f;dgqmf<ys isáh hq;=
hehs is;kak'
^w& kj ud¾.h Ndú; lrhs kï" Tyq .d,af,ka msg;a úh
hq;= fõ,dj meh 12 Trf,daiqj wkqj ,shd olajkak'
^wd& mer‚ ud¾.h Ndú; lrhs kï Tyq .d,af,ka msg;a úh
hq;= fõ,dj meh 12 Trf,daiqj wkqj ,shd olajkak'
^iii& tu u.shd hd hq;= .=jkahdkh 17:10 fõ,djg msg;a fõ' fuu
fõ,dj meh 12 Trf,daiqj wkqj ,shkak'
9'1 ye¢kaùu
wlald;a u,a,S;a w;r fmar f.ähla iudk j fldgia follg fnod .;a
wdldrh my; rEmfhka oelafõ'
;=ka fokl= w;f¾ flala f.ähla iudk j fldgia ;=klg fnod .;a
wdldrh my; rEmfhka oelafõ'
9'1 wNHdih
(2) my; oelafjk tla tla rEmfha jg ù we;s m%udKh tAllhla f,i
.;a úg" mdg l< m%udKh Nd.hla f,i ,shkak'
3 5 5
7 6 8
9'2 wNHdih
(1) —yrh˜ iy —,jh˜ hk tajdhska iqÿiq moh f;dard ysia;eka mqrjkak'
3 5
(i) 8 hkq ys ''''''''''''''''''''' fõ' (ii) 5 hkq 11 ys ''''''''''''''''''''' fõ'
8
(2) yrh 5 iy ,jh 2 jk Nd.h ,shkak'
(iii)
2
hkq ''''''''''' tajd 2ls' ^ 11 " 11" 16 &
3 33 22 6
1 1 1
(iv) 3 hkq ''''''''''' tajd 3ls' ^ 13 " 1 " 1 &
4 3 22 44
3 1 1 1
(v) '''''''''''' tajd 3 la fõ' ^ 313 " 155 " 144 &
5
5 1 11 11
(vi) '''''''''''' tajd 5 la 8 fõ' ^ " " &
77 88 12
12
ls%hdldrlu 1
fuu rEmfha mdg l< fldgi" ldâmf;a fuu rEmfha mdg l< fldgi" ldâmf;a
1 2
uq¿ m%udKfhka ls' uq¿ m%udKfhka 4 ls'
2
by; tla tla rEmfha mdg lr we;s m%udKhka iudk h' tneúka" tAjdhska
ksrEmKh flfrk iy hk Nd. iudk fõ' tu ksid"
fuu Nd. tlsfklg ;=,H Nd. fõ'
m<uq l%uh
1
" fuys § ys yrh;a ,jh;a 2ka .=K lr we;'
2
1 1× 3 3
= = " fuys § 1 ys yrh;a ,jh;a 3ka .=K lr we;'
2 2×3 6 2
1
" fuys § ys yrh;a ,jh;a 4ka .=K lr we;'
2
1
" fuys § ys yrh;a ,jh;a 5ka .=K lr we;'
2
4
8 " fuys § ys yrh;a ,jh;a 4ka fnod we;'
Nd. ixLHdjl" yrh;a ,jh;a b;sß ke;s j fnfok tl u mQ¾K
ixLHdjlska fn§fuka" m<uq Nd.hg ;=,H jQ Nd.hla ,nd .; yels nj
ñka meyeÈ,s fõ'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
9'3 wNHdih
(1) uq,ska § we;s Nd.hg ;=,H Nd. ,efnk fia ysia;eka mqrjkak'
(i) (ii)
(iii) (iv)
(v) (vi)
(2) my; oelafjk tla tla Nd.h i|yd ;=,H Nd. folla ne.ska ,shkak'
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
(v) (vi)
1
3
1
5
1 1
fuu rEm wkqj" hkak g jvd úYd, nj meyeÈ,s fõ' th
3 5
f,i ixfla;d;aul j olajuq'
1 1
yd hk Nd. ixLHdj, l=vd u yrh iys; Nd.h 1 fõ'
3 5 3
fuf,i" tAll Nd. follska" l=vd yrh we;s Nd.h" wfkla Nd.hg
jvd úYd, fõ'
2 1 2 1
3 hkq 3 tAjd 2la nj o 5
hkq 5
tAjd 2la nj o wms W.;af;uq'
1 1 neúka" 2 2
> > fõ'
3 5 3 5
fuf,i" ,jh iudk jQ Nd. follska" l=vd yrh we;s Nd.h" wfkla
Nd.hg jvd úYd, fõ'
● yrh iudk Nd. ixikaokh
flala f.ähla iudk fldgia 5lg lmd we;s úg" whshd bka fldgia
3la o" kx.S bka fldgia 1la o .;ay' fuys § jeä m%udKhla ,nd f.k
we;af;a whshd h' fuh rEmhlska olajuq'
5
6
1 jk nj meyeÈ,s fõ'
yrh iudk Nd. folla ixikaokh lsÍfï §" úYd, ,jh we;s Nd.h"
wfkla Nd.hg jvd úYd, fõ'
ksoiqk 1
1
yd 5 jeks ,jhka fyda yrhka fyda iudk fkdjk Nd. ixikaokh
6 12
lrk wdldrh úuid n,uq'
;=,H Nd. weiqfrka fuu Nd. ixLHd fol yrh tl u jQ Nd.j,ska
,shd .ksuq' túg óg fmr wjia:dfõ § fuka jvd úYd, Nd.h y÷kd
.; yels fõ'
1
=
6
5
" g jvd úYd, fõ'
12
5 1
tkï" 5 > fõ' fï wkqj > fõ'
12 12 6
1 3
yd Nd.j,ska jvd úYd, Nd.h f;darkak'
2 4
3
>
2
neúka" fõ' tu ksid" jvd úYd, Nd.h 3fõ'
4 4 4
9'4 wNHdih
(1) my; tla tla wjia:dfõ" § we;s Nd.j,ska úYd, u Nd.h f;dard
,shkak'
(x)
(2) < , > fyda = hk ixfla; iqÿiq mßÈ ysia;eka i|yd fhdokak'
13
(iv) (v) (vi) 22
(4) tlsfklg fjkia yrhka we;s" 1 g jvd l=vd jQ Nd. ixLHd folla
,shkak' 2
2
oñ;a ñka fldgia 2la" tkï" flala f.äfhka l m%udKhla f;a
8 1
mdkfha § lEfõ h' ;j;a fldgia 1la" tkï" flala f.äfhka la kx.S
8
1
f;a mdkfha § lEjd h' oñ;a iy kx.S lE uq¿ flala m%udKh tAjd 3ls'
8
3 2 1
tkï ls' tkï" m%udKhg m%udKhla tl;= l< úg" uq¿ m%udKh
8 8 8
3
ls'
8
fuh ixfla;d;aul j olajuq'
3
=
8 8 8
fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 123
12
34
56 + 9
3 ÷ × 6
fuf,i" iudk yrhka iys; Nd. tl;= lsÍfï §" ms<s;=frys yrh" tl;=
lrkq ,nk Nd.j, yrh u fõ' ms<s;=frys ,jh jkafka tl;= lrkq
,nk Nd.hkays ,jhkaf.a tl;=j hs'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
2 g 1 la tl;= lrkak' ys w.h fidhkak'
4 4
iïmQ¾K fpdl,Ü tl
3
5
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
ksoiqk 3
ys w.h fidhkak'
9'5 wNHdih
(s) (t)
5 −2 = −2
(a) (b) =
7 7 7 7
(c) (d)
(e)
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
túg"
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
9'6 wNHdih
3 '''''''''' ''''''''''
ñY% wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla tAllfhka mdg l< fldgi Nd.hla f,i
,shkak'
(i) (ii)
(2) iqÿiq rEmhla tAllhla f,i f.k" my; i|yka Nd. ksrEmKh
lrkak'
1 4 3 5 7
(i) 5 (ii) 7
(iii) (iv) (v)
8 6 9
(3) my; oelafjk tla tla Nd.h i|yd ;=,H Nd. folla ne.ska
,shkak'
5 3 1
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
6 4 7
(4) 8 , 4 , 2 iy 3 hk Nd. wdfrdayK mámdáhg ,shkak'
15 15 3 5
1 2 2 7
(5) , , iy hk Nd. wjfrdayK mámdáhg ,shkak'
2 3 9 18
(i) ;sfokdg u ÿka uq¿ uqo,a m%udKh ;d;a;d <Õ ;snQ uq,a uqo,ska
ljr Nd.hla o@
(ii) uqo,a jeäfhka u yd wvqfjka u ,enqKq fofokd w;r uqo,a
m%udKhkays fjki" ;d;a;d <Õ ;snQ uq,a uqo,ska ljr Nd.hla o@
idrdxYh
² ,jh tl jQ Nd." tAll Nd. f,i ye¢kafõ'
² tlg jvd wvq ìkaÿjg jvd úYd, Nd. ixLHd ;;H Nd. fyj;a
kshu Nd. f,i ye¢kafõ'
² Nd. ixLHdjl yrh;a ,jh;a mQ¾K ixLHdjlska .=K lsÍfuka fyda
iqÿiq mßÈ fn§fuka fyda m<uq Nd.hg ;=,H jQ Nd.hla ,nd .;
yels h'
² yrh iudk Nd. tl;= lsÍfuka fyda wvq lsÍfuka ,efnk ms<s;=rej,
o tu yrh u ;sfí'
² yrh iudk Nd. tl;= lsÍfï § ,jhka tl;= lsÍfuka ms<s;=frys
,jh ,efí' yrh iudk Nd. wvqlsÍfï § ,jhka wvq lsÍfuka
ms<s;=frys ,jh ,efí'
l=l=<d
n,a,d
.srjd
isxyhd uhskd
uqjd
lmqgd
fldáhd
wYajhd ldKavh 2
ksoiqk 1
(i) 2" 5" 3" 8" 11" 4" 7" 9" 6 hk ixLHd fmdÿ jQ ,laIK wkqj ldKav
follg fjka lr ,shkak'
(ii) tla tla ldKavhg fmdÿ jQ ,laIKh l=ula o@
(iii) tu fmdÿ jQ ,laIKh wkqj tla tla ldKavh i|yd kula fhdackd
lrkak'
fmdÿ ,laIKh jkafka 2ka b;sß fmdÿ ,laIKh jkafka -2ka fn¥
ke;sj fnfok ixLHd ùuhs' úg 1la b;sß jk ixLHd ùuhs'
fh¥ kduh - fuu ixLHd fh¥ kduh - fuu ixLHd
iuQyfha ;sfnk brÜg ixLHd iuQyfha ;sfnk T;af;a ixLHd
10'1 wNHdih
^1& my; i|yka rEmj, olajd we;s oE" § we;s tla tla ,laIKh wkqj
ldKav follg fjka lsÍu i,lkak' tla tla ldKavhg wh;a
tAjdfha kï ,shkak'
^i&
lerÜ
f.dajd wkakdis
wU
ñÈ
fndaxÑ
flfi,a wem,a
jÜglald
^2& my; i|yka tajd" fmdÿ jQ ,laIK wkqj ldKav ;=klg fjka lr"
tla tla ldKavhg wh;a tajdfha kï ,shkak' tA tA ldKavh i|yd
iqÿiq kula ne.ska ,shkak'
^i&
nih kej
f,dßh
idrdxYh
² iuQyhl we;s oE" fmdÿ jQ ,laIK we;s ldKavj,g fjka l< yels h'
² fmdÿ jQ ,laIK wkqj ldKav kï l< yels h'
igyk
● 0 lsisÿ mQ¾K ixLHdjl idOlhla f,i fkd.efka'
11'1 wNHdih
« 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
4 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
6 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
7 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
8 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80
9 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90
10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
20ys idOl lsysmhla fuu .=Kk j.=j weiqfrka ,nd .ksuq' tA i|yd 20"
.=‚;h f,i ,eî we;s wjia:d y÷kd .ksuq'
tA wkqj"
20 = 2 « 10
20 = 4 « 5
2" 4" 5 iy 10 hk ixLHd 20ys idOl y;rla fõ'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
by; .=Kk j.=j weiqfrka ,nd by; .=Kk j.=j weiqfrka ,nd
.; yels 72ys idOl fudkjd o? .; yels 18ys idOl fudkjd o?
72 } 8 « 9 18 = 3 « 6
8 iy 9 by; .=Kk j.=fjka ,nd 18 = 2 « 9
.; yels 72ys idOl folls' 2" 3" 6 iy 9 by; .=Kk
j.=fjka ,nd .; yels 18ys
idOl y;rls'
(1) 10 × 10 .=Kk j.=j weiqfrka ,nd .; yels" my; i|yka tla tla
ixLHdfõ idOl fudkjd o?
(i) 48 (ii) 81 (iii) 2 (iv) 28 (v) 40
1 1
4 6 5 6
4 5
1
6 ÷ 4 = 1 hs b;sß 2 hs' 6 ÷ 5 = 1 hs b;sß 1 hs'
fï wkqj 6ys idOl jk 1" 2" 3 iy 6 u.ska 6 b;sß ke;s j fnfoa' 6ys
idOl fkdjk 4 iy 5ka" 6 fn¥ úg ms<sfj<ska 2la iy 1la b;sß fõ'
ksoiqk 2
9" 12 ys idOlhla fõ o? ms<s;=rg fya;= meyeÈ,s lrkak'
1
9" 12ys idOlhla fkdfõ' 9 12
12 ÷ 9 = 1 hs b;sß 3 hs' 9
3
12" 9ka b;sß ke;s j fkdfnfoa'
tu ksid 9" 12 ys idOlhla fkdfõ'
11'4 .=Kdldr
fol hk ixLHdj 1" 2" 3" 4 iy 5 hk mQ¾K ixLHdj,ska .=K lsÍfuka
,efnk ms<s;=re my; oelafõ'
2«1=2
2«2=4
2«3=6
2«4=8
2 « 5 = 10
fuf,i 2" mQ¾K ixLHdjlska .=K lsÍfuka 2ys .=Kdldrhla ,nd.;
yels h' tf,iskau 3" mQ¾K ixLHdjlska .=K lsÍfuka 3ys .=Kdldrhla
,nd.; yels h'
² 3" 6" 9" 12" 15" 18 ;=fkys .=Kdldr lsysmhla fõ'
² 5" 10" 15" 20 mfyys .=Kdldr lsysmhla fõ'
fuys § my; .=Kdx. ie,ls,a,g .kak'
² 2ys .=Kdldr ish,a, 2ka b;sß ke;s j fnfoa'
² 3ys .=Kdldr ish,a, 3ka b;sß ke;s j fnfoa'
fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka hï mQ¾K ixLHdjl .=Kdldrhla tu ixLHdfjka
b;sß ke;s j fnfok njhs'
.=Kdldr ms<sn| j ;jÿrg;a úuid n,uq'
mQ¾K ixLHd foll .=‚;hla f,i ,súh yels ixLHd i,luq'
WodyrKhla f,i" 18 = 3 « 6 i,luq'
fuys §" 3" 6ka .=K lsÍfuka 18 ,eî we;' tkï" 18" 3ys .=Kdldrhla fõ'
tf,i u" 18 = 6 « 3 f,i o ,súh yels h' tkï" 6" 3ka .=K lsÍfuka 18
,eî we;' tkï 18" 6ys .=Kdldrhla fõ' fï wkqj 18" 3ys .=Kdldrhla
fukau 6ys o .=Kdldrhla fõ'
ls%hdldrlu 1
« 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
3 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
4 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
6 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
7 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
8 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80
9 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90
10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
(i) § we;s .=Kk j.=j msgm;a lr .kak'
(ii) tys we;s 2ys tla tla .=Kdldrh jgd rjqula w¢kak'
(iii) tys we;s 3ys .=Kdldr jk ixLHd jglr ;%sfldaKhla w¢kak'
(iv) rjqu iy ;%sfldaKh hk ixfla; fol u fh§ we;s ixLHd 5la
,shkak'
(v) 2ys iy 3ys .=Kdldrhla jk l=vd;u ixLHdj l=ula o@
(vi) rjqu iy ;%sfldaKh fh§ we;s ixLHd 6ys .=Kdldr nj Tng
fmfka' ta wkqj 6ys .=Kdldrhla wksjd¾hfhka u fjk;a ljr
ixLHd foll .=Kdldrhla jkafka o@
(vii) by; ks.ukh wkqj 15 hkq 15ys .=Kdldrhls' th fjk;a ljr
ixLHd foll .=Kdldrhla fõ o@
(viii) 45 hkq ljr ixLHdj, .=Kdldrhla jkafka o@
ksoiqk 1
wem,a f.ä 30la tl u md¾i,hl fyda iEu md¾i,hlg u iudk
wem,a f.ä ixLHdjla ne.ska fyda ;sfnk fia md¾i,a l< hq;= j we;'
tf,i wem,a f.ä .Kk md¾i,a l< yels wdldr .Kk fidhkak'
tla tla wjia:dfõ md¾i,hl we;s wem,a f.ä .Kk yd md¾i,a
.Kk fidhkak'
md¾i,hl we;s wem,a f.ä ixLHdfõ;a Bg wod< md¾i,a ixLHdfõ;a
.=‚;fhka wem,a f.ä ixLHdj ,efí' tneúka md¾i,hl we;s wem,a
f.ä ixLHdj yd Bg wod< md¾i,a ixLHdj 30ys idOl hq., u.ska
oelaúh yels h'
30 = 1 « 30 30 = 6 « 5
30 = 2 « 15 30 = 10 « 3
30 = 3 « 10 30 = 15 « 2
30 = 5 « 6 30 = 30 « 1
11'5 NdcH;dj
mQ¾K ixLHdjla" ;j;a mQ¾K ixLHdjlska b;sß ke;sj fn§fï yelshdj
.ek NdcH;dj hgf;a wmg bf.k .; yels h'
tf,i mQ¾K ixLHd folla f.k" tlla wfklska fn¥ úg b;sßhla
fkdue;s kï m<uq ixLHdj fojekafkka fnfoa he hs lshkq ,efí'
WodyrKhla f,i 27, 3ka fn¥ úg b;sß fkdfõ' tu ksid 27, 3ka fnfoa
he hs lshkq ,efí'
ls%hdldrlu 2
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
² by; ixLHdj,ska foflka fnfok tla tla ixLHdj jgd rjqula
ne.ska w¢kak'
² tys §" foflka fnfok ixLHdj, tlia:dkfha we;s b,lalï ,shd
olajkak'
² túg Tng 2" 4" 6" 8" 0 hk b,lalï ,efí' tu b,lalï o foflka
fnfok nj ksÍlaIKh lrkak'
² foflka fkdfnfok ^rjqï fkdfh¥& ixLHdj, tlia:dkfha
b,lalu n,kak'
tu b,lalï 1, 3, 5, 7 iy 9 fõ' fuu ixLHd foflka fkdfnfoa'
fï wkqj ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha b,lalfuka oelafjk ixLHd foflka
fnfoa kï" tu ixLHdj 2ka fnfoa' tfia u hï lsis ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha
b,lalu foflka fkdfnfoa kï" tu ixLHdj foflka fkdfnfoa'
11'6 wNHdih
^1& my; oelafjk ixLHd w;=ßka foflka b;sß ke;s j fnfok ixLHd
f;dard ,shkak'
25, 33, 42, 57, 64, 69, 126, 135, 148, 250, 331, 1457, 3263, 4584, 2689, 3150,
^2& 128 hk b,lalï 4lska hq;a fuu ixLHdj 2ka b;sß ke;s j fnfoa
kï" ysia fldgqjg ;sìh yels b,lalï fudkjd o@
^3& fldgqfjys" § we;s ixLHd w;=ßka" bÈß fldgqj,g .e<fmk ixLHd
f;dard ,shkak' ^tlu ixLHdj fldgq lsysmhla fhÈh yels h&'
(i) 2ka b;sß ke;s j fnfok ixLHd
^4& (i) by; ^3& m%Yakfha ms<s;=frys fldgq ;=fka u fhfok ixLHd ;sfí
o@ ta fudkjd o@
(ii) ;=kajk fldgqfõ we;s ixLHd ish,a, u wksjd¾hfhka u m<uq yd
fojk fldgqj, we;=<;a j ;sfí o@
(iii) m<uq yd fojk fldgq fofla u fh§ we;s ixLHd fudkjd o@ tu
ixLHd ;=kajk fldgqfõ ;sfí oehs ksÍlaIKh lr ta wkqj Tng
t,ôh yels ks.ukh ,shkak'
3 4 9 23 25 6 37
2 16 21 51 1 10 8
5 43 19 27 31 19 41
31 53 37 29 25 41 23
11 14 17 39 33 12 43
9 27 18 42 15 16 84 1 4
3 12 20 35 36 42 48 54 65
6 10 72 56 32 24 40 63 72
5 8 14 16 18 22 26 37 75 53
13 155 105 89
7 14 28 120 110 77 46 41 33 90
21 81 135 26 39 52 22
3 6 50 69 9 12 21 18
7 14 75 77 28 42
5 15 92 25 35
10 20 74 70 80
6 12 18 24 36
45 120 90 55
ñY% wNHdih
^1& 7 hk ixLHdj 45ys idOlhla fkdjk njg fya;= olajkak'
^2& ixLHdjlg tu ixLHdj yereKq fldg we;af;a 1, 2, 3, 4 iy 6 hk
idOl mu‚' tu ixLHdj l=ula o@
^3& fmÜáhl we;s ùÿre fnda, ixLHdj 6ys .=Kdldrhls' tu ixLHdj
wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg jgehQ úg 40 fõ' fmÜáfha we;s ùÿre
fnda, ixLHdj i|yd ;sìh yels w.hka fol ,shkak'
^4& ìialÜ melÜgqjl we;s ìialÜ .Kk 20g wvq y;f¾ .=Kdldrhls'
tys we;s ìialÜ ixLHdj wdikak oyfha .=Kdldrhg jgehQ úg 20
fõ' melÜgqfõ we;s ìialÜ .Kk lSh o@
idrdxYh
² hï mQ¾K ixLHdjl idOlhlska tu ixLHdj b;sß ke;s j fnfoa'
² mQ¾K ixLHdjla mQ¾K ixLHdjlska .=K l< úg tu ixLHdfjys
.=Kdldrhla ,nd .; yels h'
² mQ¾K ixLHdjl w. b,lalu 2ka fnfoa kï tu ixLHdj 2ka fnfoa'
² 5ka fnfok ixLHdj, tlia:dkfha b,lalu 0 fyda 5 fyda fõ'
² 10ka fnfok ixLHdj, tlia:dkfha b,lalu 0 fõ'