MATH 4TH QUARTER

MEASURES OF POSITION FOR UNGROUPED DATA

A group of students obtained the following scores in their statistics quiz:

8, 2, 5, 4, 8, 5, 7, 1, 3, 6, 9

Let’s arrange the given score. We have,

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 9

The sum of the scores is 58, therefore, the mean is 5.27, which is obtained by adding the scores and
divided by the number of students.
The mode is 5 and 8, those are obtained by identifying the number/s which frequently appear.
The median is 5, which is obtained by arranging all the numbers in ascending order and identify the
middle number.

A measure can tell us whether a value is about average, or whether it is unusually high or low.
Measures of position are used for quantitative data that falls on some numerical scale.

The Quartile for Ungrouped Data

The quartiles are the score points which divide a distribution into 4 equal parts so that each part
represents 1⁄4 of the data set. Twenty-five percent (25%) of the distribution is below the first quartile,
fifty-percent (50%) are below the second quartile, and seventy-five percent (75%) are below the third
quartile.

MENDENHALL AND SINCICH METHOD

Examples:

Given are the scholastic grades in Mathematics of the randomly selected

grade 10 students
82, 85, 90, 81, 79, 89, 94, 95, 97, 85, 83, 90
INTERPOLATION METHOD

82, 85, 90, 81, 79, 89, 94, 95, 97, 85, 83, 90
Step 1: Arrange the given data in ascending order.
The Decile for Ungrouped Data
 UGROUPED DATA FORMULA FOR DECILE:

The Percentile for Ungrouped Data

The percentiles are the ninety-nine score points which divide a distribution into
one hundred equal parts so that each part represents the data set. Percentiles
indicate the percentage of scores that a given value is higher or greater than.

UNGROUPED DATA FORMULA FOR PERCENTILE:

MEASURES OF POSITION FOR GROUPED DATA

QUARTILE
Quartiles divide the distribution into four equal parts.
In computing the quartiles for grouped data, the formula below is used:
DECILE
Deciles are those values that divide the total frequency into 10 equal parts.
The kth decile is denoted by Dk is computed as follows:

PERCENTILE
PERCENTILE RANK FOR UNGROUPED DATA

PERCENTILE RANK FOR GROUPED DATA

 Statistics involves much more than simply drawing graphs and
computing averages. It also involves collecting and interpreting data.
Data are facts recorded, it is a collection of facts and figures to be used
for a specific purpose by a form of research. When the data is arranged,
analyzed, and presented in an organized manner, data now becomes
information.

Sources of Data:
1. Primary Data - Data collected by the researcher/investigator from
first-hand sources using methods of collection like diaries, surveys, census,
interviews, experiments performed by the researcher, and the likes.
2. Secondary Data - Data collected by someone else for some other
purpose but being utilized by the researcher/investigator for another purpose.
This type of data has already undergone statistical treatment and is ready for
public use.

-Population in statistics refers to the entire group that you want to gather with
common characteristics. It is also the collection of respondents for whom one
obtains the data.
-Sample is the specific group taken from the population that you will collect
data from. The data we collect is referred to as the variables of the study.
-Variables can be classified as Qualitative Data and Quantitative Data.
-Qualitative Data are those that express a categorical characteristic, such as sex
(male or female), religion, marital status, and the likes.
-Quantitative Data is what we called numerical data. It represents a
measurable quantity such as height, weight, number of students in a class,
number of teachers, amount of allowance, salary, among others.

Methods of Collecting data:

1. Objective – This method obtains the data directly from the source. The data
gatherer uses any or combination of the five senses such as sense of sight,
touch, hearing, taste, and smell.
2. Subjective – This method obtains the data by getting responses through a
questionnaire, interviews, tests, and observations.
3. Use of existing records – This method uses the data collected by other
entities for certain purposes.

After collecting the data, we organized it to have a meaningful presentation.

One way of presenting data is thru textual presentation in a form of a research
paper.