Rama, the son of the King, is sent into exile by his father Lakshmana to guard and serve him

in the
forest. Sumitra, a wise and compassionate woman, comforts Kausalya and sees a holy ministerial role
in Lakshmana's sharing Rama's exile.

The King, however, is filled with grief and doubts about the possibility of Rama living in the forest. He
refuses to touch Kaikeyi, who he believes is a sinful woman, and questions how Rama can survive in
such a harsh environment.

Kausalya, the King's wife, attempts to comfort her, but her wounded heart is too consumed by
sorrow to offer any comfort. The cold night and fierce moon seem to consume her, making it difficult
for her to find comfort in the slow sorrow-laden hours.

As Rama and Lakshmana leave the city, the King laments the loss of their children and the hardships
they face. The people of the mourning town, filled with grief and sorrow, continue to mourn Rama's
departure.

As the King returns home, he asks Kaikeyi to take him to the dwelling of Kausalya, where he waits for
his end. At midnight, he asks her to touch him, as her sight is gone with Rama.

Sumitra, a sorrowing woman, is told by her mother, Kausalya, that she should not grieve over her son
Rama's departure from Ayodhya. She is blessed to be the mother of a hero who has scorned a
kingdom and preferred to uphold his father's honor. Sumitra assures Kausalya that Rama's glory will
shine like an undying lamp, and that Rama will return to Ayodhya and ascend the throne.

The people of the city follow Rama's chariot in a huge crowd, but they refuse to listen. Rama stops
the chariot and addresses them with love, urging them to transfer their love to his beloved brother
Bharata. He tells them that Bharata is good, noble, and worthy of love, and they should obey the
King's commands.

Rama stops the chariot and the three descended from it, walking towards Ayodhya. The common
people, leading citizens, wise elders, and men of penance, try to prevent Rama from going to the
forest. The river Tamasa seems to conspire with them, so the chariot stops on the riverbank.
Sumantra unyokes and watered the horses, and Rama tells Lakshmana to spend the night in the
forest, knowing that life in the forest holds no hardship.

Lakshmana spends the night in vigil, talking with Sumantra. Rama wakes up early and tells Sumantra
to drive the chariot to the other shore where the people are asleep and bring it back to this side. The
crowd will follow them, and when the chariot returns, the three proceed southwards.
In the forest hut at Chitrakuta, Rama and Sita enjoy the grandeur of the mountain scenery, forest,
and birds. They are happy to be away from the city and have the joy of duty done. Rama and Sita
often visit the river Mandakini, where they see beautiful animals and rishis bathing in the stream.

One day, they see a cloud of dust rising in the sky and hear a great noise as a large crowd
approaches. Rama warns Lakshmana about a large army approaching from the north, but Lakshmana
insists that it is Bharata, not satisfied with gaining the kingdom. He warns them to be careful and
prepare for battle.

Lakshmana is filled with anger, but Rama calms him by explaining that they should consider the
consequences of killing their kinsfolk and the joy they seek in a kingdom. He believes that Bharata
knows the way of dharma and is coming to give the kingdom to them. If he had been in Ayodhya
instead of in the far-away land of his uncle, he would have dissuaded Kaikeyi and saved their father
from the great sorrow that has befallen him.

Rama tells Lakshmana that he will never look at wealth and power that they and Bharata and
Satrughna cannot enjoy with him. He assures him that Bharata will pass on the kingdom to him with
pleasure, and they will never look at wealth or power that they cannot share with others.

Rama and Lakshmana, brothers of the King, are en route to Ayodhya, where they encounter a
mysterious cottage. The cottage is believed to be Rama's forest abode, and the ashrama is habited
with weapons and garments of bark. Bharata, along with his brothers Satrughna, Vasishtha, and
Sumantra, enter the cottage and find Rama seated by an altar with matted locks and a blazing fire.

Rama asks why Rama left their father's side and why he has grown thin. Bharata, speechless, answers
that he is the eldest son of the King and that his duty is to do him humble service. He is asked to bear
the burden of the kingdom and wear the crown, showering his grace on their family and people.

When Rama learns of his father's death, he falls down like a tree. Bharata, whose only concern is to
take Rama back to Ayodhya, speaks only of this and not at all of himself. The princes, along with Sita
and Sumantra, go to the river and offer libations for the peace of the departed soul of the King.

The princes return to the cottage, holding each other's hands and lamenting their sorrow. In Valmiki,
Rama delivers a long lecture on the art of government to his brother, which is often seen in epics as a
form of narrative vigor, dramatic suspense, and surprise. However, Kamban has modernized the
narrative, while Tulsidas emphasizes bhakti and avoids complications.

The four princes and three queens were reunited in a forest, causing joy among the army andretinue.
The sage Vasishtha led the three queens to a hut, where they saw the river Mandakini and the
princes' daily water use. Kausalya and Sumitra sobbed, expressing their sorrow at the sight of the
princes. Rama, the queen-in-law, embraced Sita and asked her if she lived in the forest.
Rama revered Vasishtha and asked why he left his kingly duties. Bharata, the preceptor of the gods,
questioned Rama's motives and asked him to come back and make the land happy and secure.
Bharata, with tear-filled eyes, clung to Rama's feet and reassured him that they were born in a noble
family and brought up in good ways.

Rama realized that Bharata grieved for his father's injustice and urged him to give up his grief and
return to Ayodhya. The people who watched the talk and saw the determination of the prince were
filled with joy and sorrow in equal measure. Bharata's affection for Rama was evident in his love for
his mother, who had become a sinner and widow due to her evil plan.

Rama and Bharata, brothers, decide to obey their father's command to return to Ayodhya. Jabali, a
priest, teaches them that Rama is not a believer but a materialist who seeks to give up his good
fortune. Vasishtha intervenes on Rama's behalf, suggesting that Rama should return to Ayodhya and
accept the crown.

Rama, however, refuses, arguing that he loves his father and has always sought refuge at his feet. He
then asks Sumantra to spread darbha grass for him, which Sumantra agrees to. Rama then appeals to
the people of Ayodhya, who believe that Rama will not change from truth and will not return.

Bharata, as a fit substitute for Rama, proposes that he stay in the forest in place of Rama and rule in
Ayodhya. However, Rama disagrees, stating that it is not a trade or business for bartering, but rather
a way to honor his father's wishes. Vasishtha suggests that Rama should rule the kingdom under
Rama's authority and as his deputy, with no blame attached to him.

Rama and Bharata accept this arrangement, and Bharata is blessed by Bharadwaja, who blesses him
and reminds him of his father's happiness. They return to Ayodhya, where Bharata and his followers
enter the palace. He decides to stay in Nandigrama and rule the kingdom as a religious duty until
Rama returns after completing his forest life.

Rama and Bharata continue their penance at Nandigrama near Ayodhya, demonstrating the
importance of serving the world unselfishly and without attachment.

MARICHA, a wise and compassionate ruler, advises Ravana to confront his lusty son, Rama, and avoid
making him an enemy. He believes that Rama is a dutiful warrior who honors his father's word and is
not a renegade or criminal. Ravana is hesitant to accept this advice, fearing that it will lead to ruin for
his people and kingdom.

Maricha reminds Ravana of his past actions, such as disturbing the rites and sacrifice of Viswamitra,
where he killed Rama and Lakshmana. Ravana, however, refuses to listen to Maricha's counsel and
decides to take Rama's wife, Lakshmana, to Lanka. He suggests that Ravana should transform himself
into a stag and draw Rama away to avoid being pursued by Sita.

Maricha believes that Ravana's sinful desires are driving him towards Yama, and that it would be
better for him to be killed by Rama than by Ravana. Ravana agrees to the proposal, but warns that if
he does not listen, he will die, and the entire Rakshasas race will suffer.

Ravana is overjoyed and embraces Maricha, saying that now he is his "dear old Maricha." The story
highlights the importance of understanding the true nature of lust and the consequences of
following bad advice.

Rama and Lakshmana, two lovers, ascended a chariot and flew over cities, mountains, rivers, and
kingdoms. They reached Rama's ashrama in a banana garden and alighted at a distance. Ravana took
Maricha by the hand and instructed him to do his part according to their plan.

Maricha transformed into a wonderful deer with every part having its own different hue and
exquisite beauty. It would wander around, chasing its graceful gambols, and sometimes join a herd of
deer before moving away in terror. Sita, who was gathering flowers in the forest, looked at the deer
and wanted to catch it for herself. She begged Rama to capture the deer for her and bring it up as a
pet in the ashrama.

Rama could no longer resist her desires and decided to kill the deer. He told Lakshmana to bring him
his bow and arrows and guard Sita vigilantly. The deer would keep within sight of Rama but beyond
his reach, drawing him on and on like fate.

The deer would take Rama far out, and the Rakshasa realized that the game would not go on forever
and that his end was near. Rama, tired of the pursuit, sent forth an arrow and pierced the stag.
Maricha resumed his natural form and called out, "Ah Sita, Ah Lakshmana!" and fell dead.

Rama was proud of his brother Lakshmana's love and steadfastness, as he knew that the way of
destiny is cruel. The story highlights the importance of love, courage, and the power of desire in the
face of adversity.

Maricha, simulating Rama's voice, tries to deceive Sita into believing that she should run to his help.
However, Lakshmana remains steadfast, fearing that Rama is in danger and that she has been
deceiving her for years.

Lakshmana, aware of the Rakshasas' threat, reminds Sita that Rama can encounter any foe in the
world and that no one is strong enough to touch Rama or cause harm. Sita's anger grows, and she
utters cruel words, accusing Lakshmana of being an imposter and a false friend. Lakshmana,
however, refuses to listen to Sita's pleas and instead tells her to leave her alone and go to Rama's
rescue.

Sita then threatens to light a fire and drown herself in the Godavari or hang herself dead unless
Lakshmana runs to help Rama. Lakshmana, feeling a great sense of guilt and fear, obeys Sita and
leaves her alone.

Ravana, a mendicant ascetic, approaches Rama's ashrama and transforms himself into a mendicant
ascetic. He sees Sita at the entrance of the cottage, eagerly looking for Rama. Ravana, seeing Sita,
becomes more determined than ever to possess her.

Sita greets Ravana respectfully and offers him a seat, placing fruits and roots before him. Ravana's
desire for Sita grows stronger, and he wishes to secure her consent and make her his wife, rather
than ravish.

The King of Lanka hoped to persuade Sita to marry him for his wealth and power, turning her back on
Rama. Sita's purity gave her courage to defy Ravana, who was now known for his destructive nature.
Ravana was furious and forced Sita into a chariot, carrying her away in an aerial car. Sita cried out,
"Where are you, my Rama?" and asked her friends to tell Rama about her fate.

Old Jatayu, half-asleep, saw the chariot flying past and cried out for help. He fought against Ravana,
but was determined not to let it happen while he lived. Jatayu addressed Ravana directly, warning
him that she would surely die unless she left her and go. Ravana flared up in rage and attacked
Jatayu, causing him to lose his crown and bow. Jatayu attacked Ravana fiercely, killing the demon-
faced mules and charioteer, and destroying the vehicle.

The bird-hero, Jatayu, was wounded but fought on undauntedly, causing Ravana to fall on the
ground. The elements rejoiced to see Ravana fall, but the bird-hero tried to pull off Ravana's arms,
leaving Sita helpless. Ravana finally let go Sita and cut off its wings and talons, leaving her helpless.

Janaki embraced Jatayu, expressing his gratitude for his sacrifice. Ravana then took Sita up again, and
Sita struggled to escape. The Rakshasa carried her away, and the sun grew dim, and all beings
lamented that Dharma had been destroyed, righteousness had disappeared, and virtue and pity
were no longer present. Ravana, clutching Sita, flew towards his ruin, with petals falling from her
flowers as they scattered along the path below.

Rama and Lakshmana faced unexpected difficulties and lost heart, but they managed to encourage
each other and continue on their journey. They were caught by a large Rakshasa, Kabandha, who was
cursed by Indra to bear the name and form. The princes set fire to Kabandha's body, and a lovely
being ascended to the celestial world.
Rama and Lakshmana then traveled to the Pampa region, where they visited the ashrama of Sabari, a
faithful sister of the old saint Matanga. Sabari lived a saintly life and showed the princes the wonders
of the Matanga ashrama. She kindled a fire and ascended to heaven.

Rama and Lakshmana then searched the forest for Sugriva's help, but the loveliness of the Pampa
area increased Rama's grief. Lakshmana tried to revive his spirit, urging them to work for the
recovery of precious things with perseverance and not let love become their enemy. He advised
them to forget the grief brought on by love and be brave and hopeful, believing they would succeed
in their attempt to regain Sita.

Lakshmana, the younger brother of Rama, advises Rama to seek the help of his brother, Hanuman,
who is believed to be the protecting spirit of Vishnu. Sugriva, a fugitive Vanara prince, is ejected from
his kingdom by Vali and is now in a mountainous spot, fearing Vali in disguise is following him.
Hanuman, Sugriva's chief minister, reassures him that there is no ground for fear and that he will talk
to them to find out the truth.

Hanuman, a Vanara, reveals himself as a brahmachari and explains that he is the Vanara King who
has come to the forest in disguise. Rama and Lakshmana are filled with joy and gratitude for
Hanuman's presence, and they begin to talk freely about their history, hopes, and fears.

Lakshmana, the eldest son of an emperor, tells Hanuman that his wife, dearer to him than life itself,
was abducted by Ravana and seeks Sugriva's help to rescue her. Hanuman explains that Sugriva has
been persecuted by Vali and deprived of his kingdom and wife. He believes that Sugriva will regain
both and that his king will gain much from his friendship.

The three Vanaras go to Sugriva, who is believed to be the only one who can traverse the path.
Hanuman returns to his natural form and carries both the princes on his back.

The story of the Ramayana is a tale of friendship and the divine dispensation. Hanuman, a loving
servant, was predestined to be at Rama's service for the fulfillment of his incarnation's purpose. He
carried Rama and Lakshmana on his shoulders, symbolizing their union. Hanuman announced Rama's
visit to Sugriva, who accepted his hand as a Vanara.

Sugriva, in the form of a man, had a heart-to-heart conversation with the princes, securing their
friendship. They swore to share their joys and sorrows and pledged to make their friendship eternal.
They engaged in cheerful talk, and Sugriva recounted his life with his elder brother, Vali, and how
their malignant fate made them enemies.

Vali, who never refused a fight, rushed forward impetuously, followed by Sugriva. When they saw
him disappear into a cave, Sugriva blocked the entrance with a large rock and returned to Kishkindha
with his tale of Vali's death. Vali was persuaded by the ministers and elders to occupy the vacant
throne, but was accused of treason and unnatural conduct. Vali drove Sugriva out with scorn and
contumely, leading to his death.

The story of Sugriva emphasizes the importance of exercising great care and control one's desires. In
contrast, Bharata, a strong character, refused to accept the crown, showing that one should not
desire what belongs to another. The story of Sugriva concludes with an appeal to Rama, asking him
to kill Vali and restore his kingdom and wife.

Sugriva, a man with a strong desire to reclaim his kingdom and family, was doubtful about Rama's
ability to defeat Vali. He decided to test Rama's strength by challenging him to a fight. Dundubhi, an
Asura with the strength of a thousand elephants, challenged Ocean to a fight, but Himavan, a wise
man, agreed.

Vali, the Vanara King, was willing to fight with him, and after a great battle, Vali killed the Asura and
desecrated the holy spot. The sage cursed Vali for entering the ashrama, but Sugriva reassured him
that he had gained his friendship and no longer needed fear or grief.

Rama sent the skeleton of Dundubhi, which was full of flesh and blood, to a distance of ten yojanas.
Sugriva was convinced that Rama's arrow could pierce Vali's frame, and they agreed to go to
Kishkindha to challenge him. Vali was sure to come out, and as they fought, Rama would kill Vali with
an arrow.

Sugriva and Rama fought each other fiercely, but Rama's strength was enough to defeat Vali. The two
brothers were able to overcome their differences and become friends, and Rama was able to prove
his strength to Sugriva.

In the end, Sugriva and Rama were able to defeat Vali and save his kingdom. The story highlights the
importance of friendship, determination, and the power of overcoming adversity in the pursuit of
one's goals.

In the epic story of Valmiki, two brothers, Vali and Sugriva, engage in a fierce battle. Rama, standing
behind a tree, is bewildered by their similarities in form, equipment, and fighting methods. Sugriva,
having the worst of the fight, breaks free from his brother's grip and flees to Rishyamuka forest.
Rama and Lakshmana rejoin Sugriva, who is angry that Rama failed to help him.

Rama explains that they were alike in height, girth, gait, shouts, dress, and ornaments. He advises
Sugriva to challenge Vali again, promising to slay him with a flowering creeper tied around his neck.
Sugriva returns to Kishkindha, where Rama and Lakshmana follow him.

As the battle nears, Sugriva challenges Vali to fight again. Vali, overwhelmed with anger, tries to
restrain his impetuosity, but his queen, Tara, advises him to think calmly before going out to meet
Vali. Tara, a star, warns Vali not to worry about Rama, as he knows dharma and is brought up in fear
of sin.

Tara, with tears in her eyes, circles Vali and prays for his success. Vali, hissing like an angry cobra,
goes to meet Sugriva, warning him to run away. Sugriva maintains an equal combat, but Vali's greater
might begins to prevail, and Sugriva is in distress. Rama, watching with a ready bow, knows he cannot
hold out much longer.

Vali, a fallen hero, was killed by Rama and Lakshmana during a battle. Vali, the son of Emperor
Dasaratha, was praised for his valor and virtue but was killed by an innocent person. He accused
Rama and Lakshmana of ignoble perfidy in dealing causeless death to a person engaged in combat.
Vali accused them of killing him like an assassin and claiming that they were unworthy for kingship.

Valmiki, the divine poet, and Kamban argue that an avatar is an avatar and that the sorrows endured
by Lord and His consort in their earthly incarnation are part of this liability. Vali's son Angada,
orphaned, was entrusted to Rama and Sugriva to look after him. Rama pledged his friendship with
Sugriva, who had committed no unforgivable offense against Vali.

Rama pledged to kill Vali and restore Sugriva's wife and make him king as part of the contract of
alliance. However, Vali persecuted his brother, and Rama had no alternative but to kill Vali from
cover. This led to difficulties, sorrows, and conflicts of duty for Rama.

In conclusion, the story highlights the importance of understanding the limitations of God's actions
and the consequences of taking a lower form of authority. By understanding the limitations of God's
actions, we can better navigate the challenges and sorrows faced by those who face difficult
situations.

Rama, a young man, is given the task of commanding a Vanara army to find Sita, the goddess of love
and happiness. Sugriva, a powerful leader, orders his commanders to send divisions of the army to
the four quarters of the earth to search for Sita. Hanuman, a son of Vayu, is given the responsibility
of discovering Sita and is given a signet ring to prove his loyalty.

The army spreads in four directions, with Samatali and his army proceeding northwards, Vinata going
east, Sushena westwards, Hanuman, Angada, and General Tara travelling southwards. Each group is
eager to catch and kill Ravana and redeem Sita, but there is a fierce rivalry.

Rama asks Sugriva how he saw the whole world, recalling his journey with Vali and his encounter
with Rishi Matanga. He later learns about the location of Rishi Matanga's ashrama and is protected
from Vali's head-on curse.
Despite searching forests, mountains, rivers, and cities, no sign of Sita is found. The Vanaras continue
their search, eventually finding a cave filled with birds and perfume. They enter the cave, where they
see an aged tapasvini seated on a dark skin.

Hanuman approaches her, asking her to explain the mysterious city and its inhabitants. She tells
them that it was built by Maya, the architect of the Danavas, who learned the art from Sukracharya.
Later, Indra gives the golden palace to Hema, who now owns the buildings and parks.

In summary, Rama and Sugriva are sent to search for Sita, but they face numerous obstacles and
ultimately fail.

The Vanaras, a group of ascetics, were sent to search for Sita, the wife of Rama, who had left his
kingdom and lived in the forest. They were sent by Sugriva, the Vanara King, to find her and return
with a clue. They lost their way in the cave and were forced to seek death.

Angada, the ascetic, was advised to fast and seek death in the cave, but Hanuman disagreed,
believing that Sugriva was cruel and would kill him. He believed that if they returned to Kishkindha,
they would have found Sita and Lakshmana, who would inherit Kishkindha.

Sampati, the ascetic, was left to mourn the news of his brother Jatayu's death. He and his brother,
Jatayu, were children of Aruna, the god of Dawn, and Garuda, Hari's vehicle. As they approached the
sun, Jatayu was about to be burned up, but Sampati protected him from the heat. He fell down on a
hill, unable to fly, and cried in agony.

The Vanaras decided to end their lives, but things turned out differently. They led Sampati down
from the hill and exchanged information. Sampati recounted his story, and Angada asked how Rama
could be helped. Sampati's keenness allowed him to see Sita captive in Lanka and describe Ravana's
kingdom's wealth. The Vanaras were filled with joy, believing that by helping Rama, they would
achieve Rama's purpose.

Sampati's troubles were over, and he found satisfaction in performing the funeral obsequies of
Jatayu. The Vanaras were happy to know that they had helped Rama and that their fate would be
achieved.

Hanuman, filled with hope and excitement, sets foot in Lanka, a city on Mount Trikuta. He admires
the city's beauty, wealth, and security, but is concerned about its ability to be attacked by an army. To
find Sita, he decides to search the city thoroughly and disguise himself as a small monkey to avoid
suspicion.
As the sun sets, Hanuman observes the city's wealth and beauty, including its streets, mansions, and
gardens. The messenger of Rama is filled with wonder and anxiety about how to overcome Ravana, a
master of such wealth and military power.

The Guardian Goddess of the city, who is not a servant of Ravana but the spirit of the city, reminds
Hanuman of a prophecy that if a monkey were to strike and destroy the city, it would destroy
Ravana's empire. Hanuman enters the fortress, believing that the Rakshasas should be destroyed.

As he explores the city, he notices the beautiful architecture, music, and people from various
religions. He also sees war elephants, pure-bred horses, chariots, and armored warriors. Hanuman
examines the homes of many Rakshasas, which are filled with war elephants, horses, and chariots.

Upon entering the palace, he finds it to be Ravana's own, a heaven on earth worthy of his peerless
power and glory. The park, birds, and shrines scattered throughout the city fill Hanuman with
wonder and admiration.

Hanuman, a man of wealth and beauty, is filled with wonder and despair over his search for Sita. He
enters Ravana's private apartment, where he finds a luxurious, rich, and luxurious space filled with
gold, silver, ivory, gems, pearls, carpets, furniture, and the Pushpaka Vimana. Hanuman enters
Ravana's chamber, which is filled with beautiful women sleeping in undress. He wonders if any of
these women could be Sita, but is convinced that they are not.

Hanuman searches Ravana's palace, searching every corner and corner, but finds nothing. He decides
to end his life here instead of returning to Kishkindha, fearing that he will face consequences if he
fails in his mission. He contemplates whether Sampati was wrong in saying Sita was in Lanka or if she
was killed by the Rakshasa since he sighted her in this island.

As Hanuman meditates on Rama, hope springs within him. He reaches out to the high walls of the
park, believing that Sita must be there. He bowed to the gods and jumped onto the wall of the Aso, a
sacred place for the gods.

In the end, Hanuman realizes that he has found Sita, but he is left to wonder what to do next. He
decides to end his life and return to Kishkindha, fearing that his efforts will be wasted.

Hanuman, a devoted devotee, stands on a high wall, filled with joy and anticipation. He arrives at the
spot where Sita is, surrounded by flowers and trees. The garden is beautiful, with tanks, terraces,
artificial hills, and waterfalls. Hanuman sits hidden among the leaves of a tall spreading tree, hoping
that Sita would visit this place for solitude and contemplation of Rama.

Hanuman sees a beautiful female figure sitting on a platform, blindly beautiful and divinely pure. She
seems like a lotus obscured by miry moss, bathed in tears and thin for lack of food. Hanuman
believes that this image of beautiful despair is Sita, as she is Rama's beloved queen. He recalls that
for her sake, Rama was consumed by grief, wrath, and heart-broken pangs at separation from her.

Hanuman's heart leaps back across the ocean and seeks Rama's feet in adoration. He also
remembers that for Sita's sake, Rama was consumed by grief, wrath, and heart-broken pangs at
separation. Hanuman crosses the sea to Lanka to serve Sita, and he thinks that if Rama should
transform or destroy the universe, he would say it was well done! Sita is worth it all and more.

As the moon shines brightly in the blue sky, Hanuman looks at Sita's face, which is cared for like a
heavily-laden ship caught in a storm. The Rakshasis who guard her are intolerably ugly, with various
features such as pendant stomachs, camel lips, hunchbacks, dwarfs, and tall like palmyrah trees.

Ravana wakes up to Sita and enters the palace park, surrounded by maidens and adorned with
brilliant ornaments. Ravana appears charming like another Manmatha.

Hanuman, a samurai, is engrossed in a crowd and hears the Rakshasa king approaching. As Ravana
approaches Sita, his strength and splendor are remarkable. Sita's body shrank and trembled like a
plantain tree in a storm. Valmiki's metaphors and similes illustrate Sita's state, which is described as
one surrounded by raging fires, an army lost, a river running dry, a vessel for sacrificial fire that
suffered desecration, and a lotus tank destroyed by elephants.

Sita, covered in dust and without jewels, is overwhelmed with grief and fear. She contemplates her
guards, Rama, and contemplates her future. Ravana approaches Sita, expressing her love and desire
for her. She pleads for Sita to accept her with affection and accept her beauty. Ravana promises to
conquer the world and give it to Janaka for her sake, and she will rule all the queens and women in
the palace. Sita is promised wealth, kingdom, and the whole earth, and she is promised the whole
earth.

Hanuman tells Sita the story of King Dasaratha, who ruled a mighty kingdom with a virtuous army. He
was the richest of the Ikshavaku race and the ruler of the world. His eldest son, Rama, was beloved
and a warrior wedded to dharma. Rama was the heir to the throne but left the kingdom with his wife
Sita and brother Lakshmana to live in the forest.

Ramana, in grief, induced a Rakshasa to assume the form of a deer and beguile the princes in pursuit.
In their absence, Rama carried off Sita by force. Rama went in search of Sita and met Sugriva, the
Vanara king. Sugriva sent Vanara warriors to find Sita and found her in the form of a monkey.

Sita was filled with wonder and delight when Hanuman spoke to her. She realized that the words she
heard were a dream, and that the monkey was indeed Rama's messenger. Hanuman, radiant with
joy, descended to the ground and stood before Sita, saluting him and his messenger.
Sita, a helpless princess, is asked by her mother to reveal her true identity. She is the daughter of
King Dasaratha and Sri Ramamachandra's spouse, who had been happily married for twelve years.
However, King Dasaratha demanded that Rama be exiled to the forest, and Sita refused to be left
behind.

Ramana, the king of Videha, carried Sita off by force and kept her in prison for two more months.
When she was released, Sita was filled with happiness and the truth of the saying that so long as life
lasts there is hope. Hanuman, a messenger sent by Rama, comforted Sita, but Sita lost confidence
and became suspicious.

Hanuman withdrew respectfully, claiming that Sita had been deceived by Ravana. She questioned
why Ravana tortured her and questioned her right senses. Sita believed that Ravana was a
messenger sent by Rama, but she was skeptical.

Sita asked Hanuman if he was a messenger sent by Rama and if he crossed the sea a hundred
yojannas broad. Hanuman understood her doubts and fears, but she continued to question her true
identity.

In the end, Sita's story serves as a reminder of the power of love and the importance of trusting
one's instincts.

Hanuman, after leaving Sita, decides to instill fear in Ravana and his friends by leaving a souvenir of
his visit. He decides to do something terrible to frighten them and warn them not to ill-treat Sita. The
Rakshasis, bewildered by the sight of the giant monkey, flee and report the incident to Ravana. They
suspect that the monkey is a messenger from Rama and that they should capture the creature.

Ravana is furious and orders his bodyguards to destroy the monster-monkey. A strong force executes
the king's commands, armed with maces, spears, and other weapons. The Rakshasa warriors see a
mighty Vanara seated on the garden gate, who grows into a formidable menace. Vanara attacks the
Rakshasas one by one, saluting Sita and receiving her blessings. He declares his doom and plans to
destroy the city.

All Lanka hears the thunder of his words and quacks in terror. When the warriors sent against
Hanuman are all slain, Ravana opens his eyes in amazement and wrath. He calls Jambumali, the
matchless warrior, son of Prahasta, and orders him to punish the monkey and report to him. The
Rakshasa Jambumali takes some time to put on armor and prepare to meet his foe.

Hanuman, son of Vayu, climbed to the top of a temple in the park and roared at the Rakshasas, who
were terrified. He had come as an envoy of King Sugriva to destroy Lanka, and he claimed to possess
the strength to vanquish a thousand Ravanas. The Rakshasas were attacked by sentries, but
Hanuman managed to destroy them with a pillar and a huge iron rod.
The Rakshasa chiefs attacked Hanuman, causing him to grow in stature and fierceness. They ordered
mighty commanders to capture the creature and produce it before him. Hanuman defeated the
Rakshasas and returned to his seat on the stonebattlement.

Ravana, fearing the defeat of the force sent to capture Hanuman and the slaughter of five of his best
commanders, ordered his son, Aksha, to go forth to battle against the formidable foe. Aksha, the
equal of the gods, rode to battle in a golden chariot drawn by eight horses. When he saw Hanuman,
he summoned his strength and resolution to do him honor.

Hundreds of arrows rose in clouds into the sky, hitting Maruti and Hanuman's body. Hanuman
dodged through the missiles and found a favorable opening with Aksha. Hanuman admired Aksha's
youthful promise and heroism, but it was unwise to take chances with him. At last, Hanuman
hardened his heart and decided to destroy the youth. He broke Aksha's chariot and killed him.

Ravana, feeling raged, called his son Indrajit, the conqueror of Indra, and said that he had mastered
all weapons and had vanquished the Devas and Asuras in battle. He also secured the Brahmastra
from Brahma.

Indrajit, a warrior with unique battle knowledge and strength, is sent to avenge the death of the
Kinneras, Jambumali, and five generals of their army. He is instructed to use his astras to fight against
the monkey, Hanuman, who has been aiding them in the form of a monkey.

Indrajit and Hanuman face off against the Rakshasa warrior, who uses the Brahmastra to bound
Hanuman. Hanuman, having been bound by the Brahmastra, decides to see what the Rakshasas do
to him while he lies bound and helpless. As instructed by Brahma, he surrenders himself to the
Brahmastra and lies down on the ground, inactive but in full possession of his faculties.

The Rakshasas surround Hanuman and mock him, accusing him of being a puppet and dragging him
to the throne of Ravana. Hanuman understands this and accepts the opportunity to meet and talk to
Ravana. They belabor and abuse him, and he is taken to the court of Ravana.

Hanuman gazes at Ravana, a dazzling figure with a golden crown and jewels inlaid in it. He feels
anger, wonder, and pity for Ravana, who is now a king with a golden crown and jewels.

Hanuman, a monkey who had not swerved from the path of dharma, was sent to Lanka by Ravana,
the king's minister. Ravana asked Hanuman to speak truthfully about his origin, purpose, and why he
came to Lanka. Hanuman explained that he was a Vanara messenger, not an Indra or Kubera, and had
come to Lanka to look at the Rakshasa king. He had killed the king's ministers in self-defense and had
come to Lanka to search for Sita, the princess of Ayodhya.
Ravana, Ravana's minister, ordered Hanuman to be killed, but Vibhishana argued that it was not
allowed to kill messengers. Ravana agreed, and Hanuman was taken through the streets of Lanka,
bound by ropes and alighted by a fire. The Rakshasas took him through the city, and Hanuman
observed the miracle of the fire and the elements.

Hanuman realized that the fire was kind to him, and the elements seemed kind to him. He decided to
use the secrets of the fortified city to put the fear of God into the Rakshasas.

As Hanuman continued to observe the city, Ravana noticed that the fire did not hurt or harm him,
and the elements seemed kind to him. He decided to not let go of this opportunity to put the fear of
God into the Rakshasas. This story highlights the importance of truth and the consequences of
sinning against one's own beliefs and desires.

In this story, a monkey named Hanuman, who had been enraged by the Rakshasas, jumped from a
tall building and set fire to them, causing the city to burn. The Rakshasas and their women and
children fled from the burning houses. Hanuman, feeling grief and anger, went to the sea and put out
the fire in his tail. He then went to Asoka Park, where Sita was relieved to see him alive and cheerful.
Hanuman bowed to her and promised to see Sugriva with Rama, Lakshmana, and the Vanaras soon.

Sita, however, praised Hanuman for his heroism and promised that Sugriva would return with Rama
and Lakshmana to Ayodhya. Hanuman took Sita's leave and climbed up the hill called Arishta, where
he saw Mynaka eagerly waiting for him. The Vanaras, who saw Hanuman flying towards them, roared
in joy, believing he was returning in triumph. They climbed up trees and hills, watching with joy as
Hanuman arrived on Mahendra hill.

Rama, filled with gratitude for Hanuman's deed, hears him expressing his admiration for his bravery
in crossing the sea to Lanka, protected by Ravana and his formidable hosts. He expresses his
gratitude to Sugriva for his service and the good news he brought back. However, he is concerned
about their future course and the challenges they face.

The Vanara king, Sugriva, assures Rama that they have the courage to cross the sea and defeat Lanka.
He explains the strength of Ravana's army, the strength of the fortress, and the careful defense
measures. He also emphasizes the importance of the coast and the Vanara army's ability to destroy
Lanka without touching the ground.

Under the star of triumph, the Vanara army sets forward towards the southern sea. As they march,
Rama, Sugriva, and Lakshmana discuss matters about Lanka, the town, the fort, and other defenses.
They march through regions that could provide food and drink for the army, crossing mountains and
forests. The Vanaras sometimes carry Rama and Lakshmana on their shoulders, increasing their
enthusiasm.
Rama gives strict orders that the army should not cause harm or hardship on the towns and villages
on the way. When they reach the Mahendra Mountain, Rama surveys the sea and decides how to
cross the sea. The Vanaras camp in the forest by the seashore.

Dejection strikes Rama again for the loss of Sita, who is held captive by Ravana. Lakshmana urges
Rama to give up his grief and arm himself with courage.

In conclusion, Rama and Lakshmana are overcome with anxiety about their future and the
consequences of their actions. They learn from the great poets who use their skills and power to
direct readers into the path of good, the satvik way.

Paradise Lost, an English epic on a biblical theme, is known for its depiction of the Almighty, Jesus,
His spiritual son and human incarnation, and several orders of angels. Satan, the most impressive
character in the epic, rebelled against God and brought sin and death into this world. Critics of
English poetry admire Milton's success in characterizing Satan, as well as Shakespeare's portrayal of
Shylock, the usurer and miser. Valmiki's portraits of Ravana and Kumbhakarna also show artistic skill
in portraying evil.

The Rakshasa king is somewhat ashamed and afraid of what Hanuman had achieved in Lanka. He
summons his ministers to discuss the situation and decides to consult them. The Assembly members
argue that Rama is strong and capable of destroying their city and army. The Commander-in-chief
Prahasta, who has subdued the Devas, Danavas, and Ganakeyas, believes that Rama can destroy the
entire Vanara race if he orders it. Durmukha, however, argues that they should not let the monkey's
bravado go unavenged and will destroy the Vanara army immediately.

Vajradamshtra, with an iron club, argues that Rakshasa warriors should approach Rama and tell him
that a great army is coming to help them. This advice allows the Rakshasa army to travel through the
sky and destroy Rama and his followers on the other shore.

Nikumbha, son of Kumbhakarna, orders his people to stay with the King and destroy the enemy.
Rakshasa, another Rakshasa, tries to kill and feast on Rama and Lakshmana alone. They all stand up
and roar, but Vibhishana, Ravana's younger brother, tells the king that violating Niti shastra (the
Science of Politics) is not good and should be avoided. He advises them to cleanse themselves of
their sins and consider the demands of dharma before starting war.

Vibhishana suggests that before Rama and the Vanaras attack Lanka, they should restore Sita to her
husband. He pleads with Ravana to restore Sita to her people and live happily, as they have so much
to lose. Ravana refuses, saying that he sees nothing to be afraid of and that Sita has not yielded to
him.

Vibhishana summons the Council again, finding consolation in taking counsel from others. He drives
through the streets in a golden chariot drawn by noble steeds, with warriors and other mounted on
elephants and horses armed with weapons. Trumpets are blown and drums beaten, and the council
decides whether to seek war or avoid it.

In summary, Ravana's decision to restore Sita to her husband is based on the principles of Niti shastra
and the need for a peaceful resolution.

The Vanara army, led by Rama, entered the forest adjoining Lanka's city. The Vanaras were filled with
wonder and eagerness for battle, as they observed the Ravshasa warriors' strength and readiness.
Rama, a friend of Surya, was surprised to see Sugriva, who had returned safely after a dangerous
journey.

Rama sent for Angada, who told Ravana that his end was approaching and that Rama was waiting at
Lanka's gate. He advised Ravana to restore Sita to her lord and beg for forgiveness, but Ravana was
filled with anger and forgot his duty. Rama then instructed Angada to deliver a message to Ravana,
advising him to take his last leave of his kinsfolk and complete his obsequies.

Angada delivered the message, stating that Rama had become proud and wicked, and that if Ravana
chose to fight and die in battle, his sins would be washed away and he would gain a place in the
world as a hero. If Ravana chose to fight, he would choose to die.

The Rakshasas were filled with fear, but Ravana did not disclose it. As soon as Angada returned,
Rama issued orders for the army to begin the assault on Lanka.

Sita's Joy Suka, a Rakshasa scout, reported that Rama had arrived with the army of Sugriva and had
discovered Sita's captive. Ravana believed this and sent two ministers to observe the enemy and
report their strength.

In summary, the Vanara army, led by Rama, faced numerous challenges and challenges, including the
capture of Sita and the destruction of Lanka. The story highlights the importance of understanding
and addressing the challenges faced by powerful forces like the Ravshasa.

Ravana, surprised by the jubilant acclamations of the Vanaras, sent the Rakshasas to find out what
had happened. The Rakshasas reported that the Vanara army, led by Sugriva, was attacking the
fortress with spirit, and Rama and Lakshmana were alive. Ravana was filled with anxiety and anger,
and summoned Vajradamshtra to destroy the Vanaras.

Vajradamshtra and a mighty army sallied out of the southern gate and encountered Angada. The
Rakshasas waged a grim battle, killing countless Vanaras, but the Vanara army remained firm and
refused to withdraw. Akampana, under Prahasta's leadership, sent an army of Rakshasas to slay
Rama, Sugriva, and the Vanara army.
A great battle ensued, with blood flowing in streams and dust rising above the ocean. Kumuda, Nala,
Mainda, and Dwivida attacked Akampana, who defended himself with courage. Hanuman arrived
with courage and hope, but Akampana was killed by a boulder. The Vanaras surrounded Hanuman
and expressed their admiration.

Ravana's spirits fell when he received news of Akampana's death, but found strength in anger and
desperation. He sought counsel with Prahasta, the commander-in-chief, and decided to lead the
army out of the fortress. A huge army was collected and prepared for a supreme endeavor, including
special rites and sacrifices.

The Vanaras roared with joy and prepared for battle, but the Ravaras fell on the Vanara army. Rama
noticed a Ravasa at the head of an enormous army, and Vibhishana revealed that it was Prahasta, the
commander-in-chief of Ravana.

A grim battle between the Vanaras and Rakshasa ensued, with both sides fighting fiercely. Prahasta's
followers, Narantaka, Mahanada, Kumbhahanu, and others were opposed by Dwivida, Durmukha,
and Jambavan. Prahasta's head was smashed by Nila, who uprooted a boulder. The Rakshasa
warriors fled, and Nila reported the victory to Rama and Lakshmana. Ravana, angered by the defeat,
decided to destroy Rama and the monkey host.

Ravana, in his radiant chariot, attacked the Vanaras and laid them low. Nila opposed Ravana but was
killed by a fire-dart. Hanuman attacked Ravana with violence, but he could not be subdued.
Lakshmana and Ravana fought, and Ravana was rescued by Hanuman. Rama, riding on Hanuman's
shoulders, gave Ravana battle, and Ravana retreated shamefully.

Upon returning, Ravana returned humbled and anxious, and ordered his sleeping brother
Kumbhakarna to be roused. Kumbhakarna, who used to sleep together, had gone to sleep just a few
days before the events last narrated. Ravana's ministers tried to rouse Kumbhakarna, but he was
unable to do so. Ravana's officers and servants prepared food and made a great din to rouse
Kumbhakarna, but he remained asleep. The Rakshasas worked hard to rouse Kumbhakarna, but he
woke up slightly and yawned, distancing him from his sleep.

Ravana, a powerful warrior, is facing a significant challenge from the Vanaras, who have arrived and
are breaking through the fort. The Rakshasas, who were once a strong force, are now in grave danger
due to Ravana's defeat. Kumbhakarna, a young man, is determined to destroy the Vanaras and drink
the blood of Rama and Lakshmana before waiting on the king.

Ravana, however, is hesitant to discuss his actions with Kumbhakarna, as he believes that Ravana has
been influenced by his own past mistakes and has not sought advice from wise friends and kinsmen.
He insists that Ravana should use his strength and skill to save Lanka from destruction.
Kumbhakarna, feeling a sense of pride and guilt, decides to destroy the enemy, regardless of the
enemy's name. He assures Ravana that Rama and Lakshmana are dead and plans to scatter their
monkey army. He also promises to fling Rama's head at Ravana's feet, ensuring that no one can
vanquish or slay him.

Kumbhakarna's pride grows, and he rushes to the field of battle, armed with his great spear. Ravana
stops him and sends an army to help him. He blesses Kumbhakarna, instructing him to destroy the
enemies and return victorious.

As Kumbhakarna, a giant even among the Rakshasas, steps across the fortress-wall, the Vanaras flee
in all directions, but their chiefs rally them and put them in battle formation. This story highlights the
importance of friendship, strength, and the sacrifices made by those who serve their country.

Ravana, a powerful warrior, was enraged by the defeat of his commanders and men in Lanka. He had
not disputed the passage of the sea and allowed the enemy to settle in his island. However, he
decided to fight himself, relying on his divine chariot and a division of Rakshasa chariot-warriors.
Ravana faced Lakshmana, who tried to oppose him, and Ravana aimed a powerful weapon at him,
but it was intercepted by Lakshmana's darts. Ravana then hurled a sakti at Lakshmana, causing him
to fall unconscious.

The Vanara leaders sent Hanuman to the Hill of Herbs to save Lakshmana's life. Hanuman returned
with the mountain, and Lakshmana recovered and resumed his part in the battle. Matali brought his
master Indra's chariot to the battlefield, and Rama ascended it to destroy Ravana.

Rama was wounded and fell unconscious, but later recovered consciousness and demanded to be
taken back to face Rama. The battle continued, with each astra being met by another. Matali
reminded Rama of Brahma-astra, which pierced Ravana's chest, shattering his secret of invincibility.
Rama fell from the chariot and was covered by flowers, and the gods blew trumpets, leaving
Lakshmana, Vibhishana, Jambavan, and other warriors in awe and adoration.

As the first flush of triumph was over, Vibhishana lamented over his lost brother, expressing his
admiration for his bravery and bravery.

Ravana, a warrior, entered Heaven after his sins were washed away. Rama, his former foe, asked
Ravana to perform the funeral rites for his departed brother. The women of Ravana's palace
mourned, led by Queen Mandodari, who was in utter despair. She questioned Indra's anger and the
Rishis and Gandharvas' fear of Ravana. Rama warned her that Rama was a divine being, not just a
human being. She also questioned Ravana's madness and the madness that drove him to his death.

Sita and Rama were reunited, but Mandodari was left in sorrow. She questioned her husband and
lover, who had a son who had vanquished Indra. Rama crowned Vibhishana King of Lanka and asked
Hanuman to tell Sita about the event. Sita was filled with gratitude and affection for Rama's wisdom,
valor, prowess, patience, and humility. Hanuman, who had guarded Sita, wanted to slay the Rakshasi
women who troubled him, but she argued that it was the part of noble souls to be compassionate
towards all sinners and good people.