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SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION SKILLS OF GRADE 12

FIDELIS SENIOR HIGH STUDENTS

Thesis · December 2020

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.11208.65283

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SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS i

THE IMPACTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE

ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
SKILLS OF GRADE 12 FIDELIS
SENIOR HIGH STUDENTS

A Research Presented to the Fidelis Senior High School Department

First Asia Institute of Technology and Humanities
2 Pres. Laurel Highway, Tanauan City, Batangas

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Senior High School Program
Technical, Vocational and Livelihood Track – ICT Strand

CHAVEZ, CHRISTELL ANGELICA

OLAN, CHATZLI YBETH
CARANDANG, CRIS ANDREY
FABROS, WILSON
PESIMO, JEROME
PITAO, CHRISTIAN

December 2020
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS ii

DEDICATION

As the researchers do the research paper, it takes a lot of time and effort to successfully

finish it. This is possible because of the people who truly believes in what we can do and support

us all throughout the journey.

We dedicate everything to our Almighty God for He is good and showered us with wisdom

and knowledge to effectively do this research paper. To our family and friends who encourage and

supports us all the way to have a better outcome of the study. Lastly, to the diligent researchers

who are firm to help and give their full effort for the success of the group.

We want to take this very opportunity to thank our research teacher who gave her effort to

guide us and correct us with gentleness in everything as we are doing this paper.

C. A. C.

C. Y. O.

A. C.

W. F.

J. P

C. P.
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS iii

ABSTRACT

The general objective of this research is to identify the social media usage of Grade 12

Fidelis Senior High Students and their acquired effective communication skills predominantly in

their verbal, non-verbal, and written communication skills. The researchers selected the most

appropriate design for the study which is quantitative research, specifically the descriptive research

design which aims to accurately and systematically describe a population, situation, or

phenomenon. The target respondents of this study will come from Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High

STEM, ABM, HUMSS, TVL, SPORTS, and ARTSDES students. The total population of Grade

12 FSH students is 1115 in which 637 respondents were identified through the use of stratified

random sampling which involves division of population into smaller groups or strata and Slovin’s

formula which calculate the appropriate sample size from the population. Survey questionnaire

will be used as the research instrument of this study. A total of a twenty-item (20) survey

questionnaire will be used to answer and determine how social media usage impacts the

respondents’ effective verbal, non-verbal, and written communication skills. In order to identify

the result of Grade 12 students’ effective communication skills acquired and their usage of social

media, the researchers will be using weighted mean.

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

TITLE PAGE………………………………………………………………………… i

DEDICATION………………………………………………………………………. ii

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………….. iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………….. iv

LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………… vii

LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………. viii

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction…………………………………………………………………. 1

Statement of the Problem…………………………………………………… 3

Significance of the Study…………………………………………………… 3

Scope and Delimitation…………………………………………………….. 4

Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………….. 5

Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………….. 6

Definition of Terms………………………………………………………… 7
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS v

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Conceptual Literature………………………………………………………. 10

Research Literature…………………………………………………………. 13

Synthesis……………………………………………………………………. 17

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

Research Design……………………………………………………………. 19

Respondents of the Study…………………………………………………... 19

Data Gathering Instrument…………………………………………………. 20

Data Gathering Procedure………………………………………………….. 21

Statistical Treatment………………………………………………………... 21

REFERENCES……………………………………………………………………. 23

APPENDICES
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS vi

Letter of intent to the Principal……………………………………………... 28

Letter of Validation………………………………………………………….. 29

Research Interview Questionnaire and Letter of Consent…………………… 30

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS vii

LIST OF TABLES

Table Title Page

1 Distribution of Respondents 20
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS viii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Title Page

1 Conceptual Framework 7
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 1

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

This chapter presents the introduction, statement of the problem, significance of the

study, scope and delimitation, theoretical and conceptual framework, and definition of

terms.

Introduction

Technology influences the way people interact, read, and think. In society today, it

plays a significant role (Allen, 2019). Living in the 21st century, digital devices have made

our lives apparently easy wherein we use different social media platforms to communicate

effectively.

Social media is a wide online platform for many people that can help with their

daily lifestyle. According to Clement (2020), in more than a decade, the impact of social

media has gone from being a fun addition to being a completely integrated portion of

almost every aspect of life. The influence of social media is such that by 2023, the number

of global users is projected to exceed some 3.43 billion monthly users, around a third of

the total population of the planet. Bhamare (2020) added that the emerge of social media

has created a new venue for facilitating daily information and communication needed. By

using social media in various ways of communication, it helps to create opportunities to

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 2

interact with other people easily by sharing information. Therefore, social media is steadily

but surely impacting the way people live and communicate with one another.

People are very much aware that communication is the life blood of existence and

realize how important it is in their lives. Communication is not technically just about

exchanging information. It is more about being able to understand the emotion and

intentions behind the information. To communicate well is to understand, and be

understood (Bequiri, 2017). A vital life skill and one that should not be underestimated is

the ability to convey information correctly, simply and as expected. Being able to clearly

convey a message or listening in a way that makes the other person feel heard and

understood. By learning these, it can deepen your connection to others, build greater trust

and respect, and overall social & communication health.

In a student’s perspective, predominantly to Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High students,

social media plays an important role and becomes a communication tool for them. They

use social media to communicate with their classmates and teachers. In addition, using

social media may develop effective communication skills. By the advent of social media,

a new way to promote everyday knowledge and connectivity needs has been enabled. On

the other hand, as described, communication skills are an important tool for individuals to

effectively transmit or receive messages and information in a clear and concise manner.

Effective communication requires learning some important skills (SkillsYouNeed, 2020).

Furthermore, developing communication skills can help all aspects of life, from the

professional life to social gatherings and everything in between.

The researchers want to determine the impacts of social media in terms of students’

effective communication skills. Moreover, researchers ought to know their preferred social
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 3

media platform. As a result, the study aims to identify the effective communication skills

of Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High students and their usage of social media.

Statement of the Problem

This quantitative research study purposely intends to determine the impacts of

social media usage on effective communication skills of Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High

Students. Predominantly, the study aims to answer the following questions:

1. What are the social media platforms do the respondents use?

2. In what way does the respondents use social media in effective:

a. Verbal,

b. Non-verbal, and

c. Written communication skills

3. What are the impacts of social media usage to the respondents in terms of

effective communication skills?

Significance of the Study

According to DiscoverPhDs, the significance of the study is a written statement

that explains why the research is necessary. It is a justification for the importance and its

effect on the field of research, its contribution to new knowledge, and how it can benefit

others.
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 4

Considering the social media platforms that the respondents use and how it may

lead to their effective communication skills. This research study intents to figure out the

the impacts of social media usage on effective communication skills of Grade 12 Fidelis

Senior High students. The findings of the study will be redounded to the benefit of the

following.

Student-researchers. This study allowed them to discover important areas that

other researchers have not been able to explore.

School body. The outcome of the study will let the school know and be aware on

how social media impacts their students in terms of effective communication skills.

Future researchers. This research study can serve as their future reference in their

research study. As well as, other educational purposes.

Scope and Delimitation

Two components of a research paper are the scope and delimitation of the research,

which tells the reader what information is used in the research and explains why the

author/s chose that information. Although scope and delimitation clarify the restricted

nature of a report, this data adds credibility to science (Refugio, 2018). This addresses the

study's scope and determines the process limitations. Furthermore, this also addresses what

the researchers do not want to do.

This study concentrates to the impacts of social media usage on effective

communications skills of Grade 12 FSH students. To obtain the necessary information that
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 5

would solve the research problem, the researchers prepared survey questionnaires. First,

knowing the social media platforms that the respondents use. Second, determining in what

way does the respondents use social media for effective verbal, non-verbal, and written

communication skills. Third, knowing the impacts of the respondents’ usage of social

media towards effective communication skills. In Fidelis Senior High, mainly Grade 12

students from different strands, will be the chosen respondents for this study.

The delimitation, according to Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is the boundary or

limits of the study. The study does not include the visual communication skills of the

students. As stated, the respondents of this study will only be Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High

students. With that, Grade 11 students will not be included as respondents. Also, the study

does not cover other skills which are connected and acquired with the usage of social

media.

Theoretical Framework

The backbone of this study is guided by an Archetypal Theory–Goffman’s

symbolic interactionism. This concept is selected for its potential relevance to the usage of

social media on effective communication skills:

Goffman’s presentation of self

Erving Goffman's The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, published in 1959,

provides a detailed description and analysis of process and meaning in mundane interaction

which introduces the “way to present”. Regardless of the particular objective which the

individual has in mind and when an individual appears in the presence of others, there will
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 6

usually be some reason for him to mobilize his activity so that it will convey an impression

to others which is in his interests to convey. Interaction is viewed as a "performance,"

shaped by environment and audience, constructed to provide others with "impressions" that

are consonant with the desired goals of the actor. Goffman’s book is therefore all about the

appearance of action. The analogy of Cartesian dualism—between the thinking subject and

the world as a space or territory that the subject will influence—is fully relevant. The

relevant is confirmed by the fact that, “this control is achieved largely by influencing the

definition of the situation which the others come to formulate.”

In relation to the study’s research problem, this theory of Goffman’s presentation

of self helps support and give comparison to the way a person present himself and the usage

of social media in effective communication. Social media is like a theatre play where a

person conduct a performance; plays a role. It is about self-presentation, impression

management, attempting to act on accordance with the plan which can make a person an

effective communicator.
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 7

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework used input-process-output to present the variable being

studied. The “input” variables were the social media platforms that the respondents used

together with its impacts on their effective communication skills. The next box is the

“process” variables which includes the instrument and method validation, survey

questionnaires distribution, data gathering, and interpretation. The last part will be the

“output” variables which is the result, conclusion, and recommendation.

Definition of Terms

An alphabetical list of significant terms or acronyms that you identify, particularly

used terms (Harvard Extension School, n.d.). Definition of terms makes it easy to

understand vague definitions of words that can otherwise be interpreted in various ways,

these words should be clearly defined according to how they are used in the study (Thesis

Notes, 2009).
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 8

Archetypal Theory. Archetypal criticism argues that archetypes determine the

form and function of literary works. (Delahoyd, 2002)

Communication. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, it is a process by

which information is exchanged through a common system of symbols, signs, or actions

between people. Thus, can be defined as understanding and sharing meaning (Bequiri,

2017). It is used as an introductory for this study.

Communication Skills. Is essential in order to rapidly and accurately deliver and

interpret data. Being able to communicate easily is a crucial ability in life and should not

be ignored (Bequiri, 2017). In this study, this is the dependent variable.

Effective communication. It’s about understanding the emotion and intentions

behind the information. As well as being able to clearly convey a message

Information. It is the information acquired from research, study or instruction.

As well as, message received and understood.

Interactionism. a theoretical perspective that derives social processes (such as

conflict, cooperation, identity formation) from human interaction.

Mass media. Mass media means technology that is intended to reach a mass

audience. (Study.com, 2015)

Non-verbal Skills. the transfer of information through the use of body language

including eye contact, facial expressions, gestures

Phenomenology. the science of phenomena as distinct from that of the nature of

being (Plato.stanford.edu, 2003)

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 9

Skill. It is the ability to do something well (Oxford Dictionary, n.d.).

Social Media Platform. Known as the lovechild of the World Wide Web which

comes in many forms such as blogs, forum, photo-sharing, social gaming, chat apps, and

social networks (Clement, 2020). Specifically, those are Facebook, Twitter, Google+,

YouTube, Instagram and a lot more. In this study, it is used to determine the social media

platforms that the respondents use.

Theoretical Framework. It is the structure that can hold or support a theory of a

research study. (USC Libraires, 2020)

Verbal Communication Skills. Effective skills in verbal communication require

more than just talking. Verbal communication concerns both how you send messages and

how they are interpreted by you (Doyle, 2020). In this study, it is one of the effective

communication skills that the respondents acquire with the use of social media.

Written Communication Skills. According to Inc.com, written communication

includes any kind of communication that allows the use of written word. In this study, it is

one of the effective communication skills that the respondents acquire with the use of social

media.
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 10

CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter provide a summary of the various articles, journals, and dissertations

used as reference and guide throughout the study. The various documents serve as the

foundation of giving initial ideas and/or knowledge with related subject matter. This

includes conceptual and research literature, and synthesis.

Conceptual Literature

These includes literature from books, journalism and other types of study-related

or applicable content, but it is data-free or non-empirical material. To help and better

appreciate the variables of the analysis, it aims to establish familiarity with current study.

According to Hopkins (2020), the world is getting smaller through the use of

technology such as social media. No wonder that the widespread use of social media share

thoughts, personal and professional stories and interactions which has a significant

influence on how people communicate today in general (University of the People, n.d.). It

is believed that it has an adverse effect on social skills and communication among

adolescents. In addition, engaging in various forms of social media has become a routine

daily activity for most children and adolescents (Fuller J, 2020).

Bhamare (2018) recognized that communication is constantly evolving, some

people are used to seeing their friend’s online avatar as if the face. Social media, as

mentioned, can be a great educational tool for students. Thus, serves as an effective device

for academic performances. Moreover, it helps to improve writing skills in a clear and
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 11

succinct way; in addition, this can also result to their social skills and the ability to use

social media for educational purposes (Bruce, 2020). Hopkins (2020) added that social

media and education can complement one another if utilized effectively. The technologies

that allow these platforms to function are also one of the driving forces behind the impact

of this technology on education. As social media takes up a large space in the lives of

people, it is important to know how it impacts the student’s communication skills. Alrubail

(2015) stated that social media’s impact does not necessarily mean negative impact.

Students use different social media platform such as Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and

etc., in which has a positive impact to students wherein it can lead to effective

communication skills.

There are positive effects of social media according to Blaylock (2018), wherein

these develops new educational opportunities for students. One of these effects is the way

people write or their communication style. Nowadays, messages became shorter and more

concise in which people adapted for summarized writing as well. Abbreviation, on the other

hand, is common in texting where it has generated controversy among some scholars and

cited studies because it has negative effects on literacy skills such as writing skills and

accuracy of reading. In line with that, in this era of social media when we are reaching out

and engaging more and more people. The more we allow for and understand the importance

of all the various levels of communication, the more we can skillfully and effectively use

each one.

Gordhamer (2010) stated Five Levels of Effective Communication in Social Media

Age. Having “public reply” as level 1: a public interaction which if done correctly, can
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 12

often lead to more fruitful direct communication; level 2: for direct message for a private

connection; for level 3: more in-depth communication, can be easily forwarded, and sent

to numerous people at once; a phone call for level 4 which allows for more immediate

back-and-forth; and at level 5: in-person or video chat. Meetings were enhanced by the

natural progression of our first digital communication. While at one time face-to-face

interactions were the entry point, today, in-person meetings often come at later stages.

Deinbert (n.d.) recognized that digital innovations have been ubiquitous and

profoundly ingrained in all things we do in a short period of time. It is neither feasible nor

necessary to fully unwind them. Everyone likes, or at least accept, this bargain. Knowledge

of social media’s ills and unintended consequences is spreading, and particular platforms

rise and fall, but social media as a whole remain popular, and the surveillance-based

economic system underlying them is constantly expanding.

Social media is like a drug, but what makes it particularly addictive is that it is

adaptive Berger (n.d). It adjusts based on your preferences and behaviors, which makes it

both more useful and engaging and interesting, and more addictive. Teenagers often remark

that they cannot leave Facebook because they would face social ostracization. Employing

what Vaidhyanathan (2012) calls “infrastructural imperialism” organizations often offer

social media as the readiest way to access their services, excluding those who opt out of

social media while subtly but powerfully shaping the choices of those who opt in.

Not surprisingly, people with authoritarian inclinations are actively taking

advantage of the propitious environment that social media offer (Gunitsky, 2015). A recent

survey by the Oxford Internet Institute found that 48 countries have at least one government
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 13

agency or political party engaging in shaping public opinion through social media.

Authoritarian-minded leaders routinely lambaste “fake news” while at the same

time shamelessly pushing patent falsehoods.

Research Literature

These literatures are objective, critical summary of published research literature

relevant to a topic under consideration for research. It aims to create familiarity with current

thinking to support and further understand the variables of the study.

The word social media has been difficult to define for years, until many platforms

appeared, providing individuals with opportunities to monitor all content being generated

and empowering them to be content creators and users. In a research study conducted by

Yashem and El Badawy (2015), how students use social media with regards to studying.

In their research, 92% of respondents use the internet. Others said specifically that, because

they can Google equations, they use social media sites for their math homework. Most of

them, therefore use social media in a positive way which allows them to do better at school.

In line with that, according to Talaue, G. et.al (2018), in education, the use of social media

provides students with the ability to obtain more useful information, to connect with

learning groups and other educational systems that make education convenient. Tools for

social networks provide multiple opportunities for students and institutions to enhance

learning methods.

In addition, as cited in the study of Baruah (2012), as a superset beyond social

communication, social media has driven by ubiquitously open and flexible networking

methods, the way organizations, groups, and people interact has been dramatically
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 14

transformed by social media. In the study "Predicting the Future with Social Media" (Asur,

S. & Huberman, B. 2010, as cited in Baruah, 2012), they explain how it is possible to use

social media material to forecast real-world results.

According to Broughtons and Higgins company (2010) talks at length the policy

and practice relating to the use of social media by employees. They were guided by the fact

that they had already engaged to some extent with the issue of social media, what it might

mean for their organization and how they were going to formulate and communicate a

policy. They predominantly specified that social networking requires the use of an online

platform or website that allows people to connect via a number of services, typically for a

social purpose, most of which are web-based and give people opportunities to interact over

the internet, e.g. through e-mail and 'instant messaging'.

Data have shown strong associations between the use of social networking by

learners and their personal and group resilience (P < .05). Characteristics of social media

use, faith, and clinical placement were linked to resilience and the perceived helpfulness

of the communication skills (P < .01). In conclusion, social networking can and should be

used to foster resilience among nursing students as a learning tool. Significant positive

correlations have been identified between personal and group use of social media and

resilience. The more social media was used by the student, the greater resilience it reported

(Washawski, S. et al., 2016).

Regarding students’ attitude towards communication skills, the results reveal that

there were no significant differences between class teachers and childhood teachers’

students in their positive and negative attitudes toward communication skills according to

Ihmeideh, F. (2010). It may explain by that there are no formal training sessions in
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 15

communication skills during programs of class teachers and childhood teachers'

preparation or the lesser number of childhood teacher students’ in this study may have been

partly responsible for the lack of a significant difference. However, senior students have

high positive attitudes toward communication skills than sophomore and junior. This result

agrees with a previous study suggested that older, mature students have high positive

attitudes toward communication skills training (Rees & Garrud, 2001, as cited in Ilmeideh,

2010). At the same time, sophomore students have high negative attitudes toward

communication skills than senior and junior students.

Furthermore, Asemanyi (2015) found out that learners would help enhance their

output in and course by being respectful of each other's ideas and adjusting to new teaching

methods or techniques used by communication skills in this case. More optimistic attitudes

and expectations towards learning must be established by learners. Another

recommendation for the research was that the communication skills course helps students

a lot in the job market, especially in interviews, so if students take the course seriously and

try to work hard on it, it would be helpful. Again in all areas of human life, communication

is very important and as such, every person must learn good communication skills. Some

of the respondents' feedback on how to enhance the success of students in the course was

that it improves their ability to listen, speak, read and write, which will be very useful to

them in all their efforts, including writing their thesis and other books.

In the research study conducted by Bakeer (2018), the results of the study showed

that the introduction of ICTs and social media had a positive impact on the growth of the

writing capacity of students. In addition, undergraduates are pleased with the future

achievements in the growth of writing skills by combining ICTs and social media. Writing
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 16

is a cognitive instrument used to test memory, reasoning ability and linguistic order to

effectively communicate ideas since a text's skillful structure means successful

understanding. In pursuant with that, Sámano’s study (as cited in Bakeer, 2018), it does

not mean that it is possible to learn English or any other language entirely through social

media platforms, but it can be used as a medium for creating a good learning atmosphere

and a place in an informal setting for practice. Social media also allow topics to be

improved because they develop self-motivation on topics seen in class, which reinforces

skills such as written expression and creativity in a snowball effect. The findings showed

that social media creates a good environment for learning and that teachers can take

advantage of the topics seen in the classroom to strengthen them. Sámano found that 78%

of teachers believe that the English of their students is enhanced by social media.

Moreover, a study explored the impressions of students of the use of social media

in the process of teaching English in a higher institution in Indonesia. Findings from this

study indicate that the majority of students displayed a constructive outlook towards the

writing classroom and a willingness to use social media. Factors such as large classrooms,

the lack of internet training and the lack of equipment could however be potential obstacles

to the use of social media in the classroom (Rahman & Salija, 2016, as cited in Bakeer,

2018).

In line with that, a survey of 2,462 advanced placement and national writing project

teachers was conducted by Purcell, Buchanan, and Friedrich (2013). They find that digital

technologies shape student writing in myriad ways and have also become useful tools for

middle and high school students to teach writing. These educators see the internet and

digital technologies such as social networking sites, cell phones and texting, generally
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 17

facilitating the personal expression and creativity of teenagers, expanding the audience for

their written material, and encouraging teenagers to write more frequently in more formats

than in previous generations.

On the other hand, Subramanian (2017) associated the influences of social media

in interpersonal communication in which verbal skill is included. According to him, you

are probably more likely to talk to friends and family via mobile devices than face-to-face

in a society where communicating and over-sharing online is the norm. Both contact and

interaction barriers have been overcome by social networks, and now one can share his/her

opinions and thoughts on a variety of subjects. Students and experts are able to connect

and engage with like-minded individuals and may ask for advice and opinion on a specific

subject. Another positive influence of the social networking site is to connect people to

accomplish a specific goal on a massive forum. In order to bring lasting change to society,

this is really necessary.

Synthesis

The mentioned statements in the conceptual and research literature were useful in

this current study. Based on the studies presented, the researchers came with the conclusion

that technology continue to grow and advance, it has large implications on the way world

continues to evolve socially, as well as how people as an individual function in social

situations. People develop such skills in keeping up with new methods of socializing and

advancing in the professional arena. As well as social media becomes an integral part of a

student’s full life, as well as people’s lives. Using social media would provide students
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 18

with the right access to quality information. Social media has been found to provide a

broader and quicker means of circulating information not only to an institution's students,

but also to the general public.

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 19

CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains research design, respondents of the study, data gathering

instrument, data gathering procedures, and statistical treatment.

Research Design

The researchers selected the most appropriate research design for this study. This

study is quantitative research design as it aims to seek the answer based from numerical

data. McCombes S, (2019) stated that descriptive research design aims to accurately and

systematically describe a population, situation or phenomenon. The research design is

descriptive which will use survey questionnaires that focuses on the impact of social media

usage on effective communication skills of Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High students.

Respondents of the Study

The target respondents of this study are Grade 12 students of FAITH Fidelis Senior

High. The total population of Grade 12 FSH students is 1155 in which the participants will

be 637. Researchers utilize Stratified Random Sampling. According to Nickolas (2020),

this is a method of sampling that involves dividing a population into smaller groups–called

strata to get the probability and non-probability of our study. In order to calculate the

appropriate sample size from the population (Sciencing, 2018), the researchers use the

Slovin’s formula:

n = N / (1+Ne2)
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 20

Table 1.
Distribution of the Respondents

STRAND POPULATION SAMPLE SIZE PERCENTAGE

STEM 591 239 37.5
AMB 229 146 22.9
HUMSS 200 133 20.9
TVL 71 60 9.4
SPORTS 39 35 5.5
ARTSDES 25 24 3.8
TOTAL 1155 637 100

The table 1 presents the strand, population, and sample size to determine the

percentage of every strand.

Data Gathering Instrument

In defining the characteristics of a large population, conducting survey is useful.

This broad ability, which ensures a more representative sample to gather targeted results

to draw conclusions and make important decisions, cannot be given by any other research

process (DeFranzo, n.d.). Survey questionnaire will be used as the research instrument of

the study. In the detail, the researchers adapted 5 items from the questionnaire of Bashir

and Gupta (2018). Those items are about the factor loadings and statements of social

networking usage of 6 universities in Jammu and Kashmir. This questionnaire was used to

measure how social networking received much attention from academia over the last

decade in India. As for the effective communication skills, the researchers adapted 15 items

from the questionnaires of Questmeraki (2017), Che, Melor and Ashairi (2019), and

Hashim et. al (2013). Those questionnaires are about the effective communication in terms

of verbal, non-verbal, and written skills. This will be done to answer our question on how
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 21

social media usage impacts the effective communication skills of Grade 12 Fidelis Senior

High students.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers made a letter of request asking for permission to conduct the study.

The letter was forwarded to FAITH Colleges Basic Education School Principal. The

researcher will distribute letter of consent to 637 respondents which will come from Grade

12 Fidelis Senior High School. After the approval of respondents, the researcher will give

a 20-item survey questionnaire to the respondents. Lastly, the researcher will gather the

data from the respondents.

Statistical Treatment

The following tool will be used in this study is weighted mean to identify the

effective communication skills of Grade 12 Fidelis Senior High students and their usage of

social media. The formula shown below:

Where:
x – The repeating value
w – The number of occurrences of x (weight)
𝑥 – The weighted mean
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 22

The scale used for weighted mean is:

Numerical Range Verbal Interpretation
4 3.51-4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.51-3.50 Agree
2 1.51-2.50 Disagree
1 1.01-1.50 Strongly Disagree
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 23

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SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 28

APPENDIX A

Letter of intent to the Principal

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 29

APPENDIX B

Letter of Validation
SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 30

APPENDIX C

Research Interview Questionnaire and Letter of Consent

SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 31
 SOCIAL MEDIA USAGE ON EFFECTIVE COMMUNCIATION SKILLS 32

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