Chapter III

Science, technology &

Nation-building
 Learning Outcomes

• Explain how early Filipinos applied scientific

principles in their daily living
• Present government policies on science and
technology and explain their importance to
the nation
• Discuss the role of science and technology in
nation-building
 Pre-Colonial Period

• used plants and herbs as medicines

• implemented farming and animal-raising
systems
• developed different modes of transportation
(terrestrial or maritime)
• Cordillera natives built rice terraces
incorporating complicated irrigation systems
& elaborate farming system
A. Negritos

• homes made of jungle leaves and branches of

trees
• made fire by rubbing 2 sticks together
• used bow and arrow as weapon and for
hunting
B. Indones

• homes are grass-covered and built above

ground or top of trees
• practiced dry agriculture
• clothing made from beaten bark and
decorated designs
• cooked food in bamboo tubes
B. Indones

• Implements: polished stone axes, adzes and

chisels
• Weapons: Bow and arrow, spears, shield and
blow guns (sumpit)
C. Malays

• possessed the iron age culture

• lowland and highland methods of rice cultivation
and system of irrigation
• domestication of animals like dogs, fowls and
carabaos
• manufacture metal tools and weapons, pottery
and weaving
C. Malays

• Weapons: bows and arows, spears, bolos,

daggers, krises (swords), sumpits (blowguns),
shields and armors made of animal hide and
hardwood, lantakas (bronze cannons)
 Colonial Period

•Marked by the arrival of foreign nationals lead

by Magellan and Miguel Lopez de Lagaspi

•to spread Christianity to other nations

•Spanish Regime; American Regime; Japanese

Regime
 A. Spanish Regime

•provided modern means of construction

•built walls, roads, churches, bridges, and other
large infrastructures
•started parochial schools which focused on
religion
•developed health and education systems
enjoyed by the principalia class
 B. American Regime

•modernized almost all aspect of life

•established government agency & Bureau of
Science to nurture development in science and
technology
•established Formal Education; 3Rs
•built Univ. of Sto. Tomas; Thomasites were the
earliest teachers-soldiers
•returned after the invasion of the Japanese
 C. Japanese Regime

•introduced their language Nihonggo

•shared their culture and arts; Origami
•destroyed all educational materials like books
left by the Americans
•left the country when the Americans, lead by
General McArthur, promised to return then
retake Philippines
 Post-Colonial Period

• pursuance of programs in Science and

technology continued

• some presidents posted more developments

in the field of Science and Technology

• S & T evolved from most basic to

“environmentally sustainable”
 Post-Colonial Period

• Marcos established:
✔ PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical and
Astronomical Services Administration)
✔ NAST (National Academy of Science &
Technology)
✔ NSTA (National Science & Technology Authority)
✔ DOST (Department of Science & Technology)
 Modern Philippine Inventions

• Salamander Amphibious tricycle

• SALT Lamp (Sustainable Alternative Lighting)
• Medical Incubator
• Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal Trap System
• E- Jeepney
Thank You for
Listening!!