GEN 004: Readings in Philippine History

Student Activity Sheet # 3

Name: Arly Claire M. Cepada Class Number: 05-2223-001864

Section: BSA-A2 Schedule: Every Wednesday Date: April 5, 2023

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Since we already discussed the different theories and recent studies concerning how people started to
inhabit the Philippines, in this lesson we will discuss how those people lived. It will tackle the type of
society our pre-colonial ancestors had. It is called pre-colonial because it describes the way of living
before (pre) the Spanish colonizers arrived (colonial).

LESSON TARGETS
1. I can review the roots of the Filipino people in the archipelago.
2. I can create a sense of connection from our past way of living.
3. I can identify the way our ancestors lived before the arrival of the Spaniards.

LESSON REVIEW/PREVIEW
Activity 1. Pretest
In the previous lesson taught us that even before the Spaniards arrived, they were already people
residing in the archipelago. For this lesson, we will discuss how those people lived. Before we begin,
let’s try to check your stock knowledge . Write TRUE if the answer is true and FALSE if not.

FALSE 1.Sandals and slippers were widely used during the pre-colonial times.
FALSE 2.Barangays within the archipelago are dependent with one another.
TRUE 3.The social stratification during pre-colonial was strict.
FALSE 4.Pre-colonial people have monotheistic religion that praised Bathala as the supreme god.
FALSE 5.The free people are relatives of the datu and comprise the ruling class of the barangay.
FALSE 6.Wearing anything in dark blue denotes masculinity and braveness.
TRUE 7.Babaylans are the spiritual leaders of barangays.
FALSE 8.The dependents are equivalent to slaves.
TRUE 9.Tattoos were symbols of vanity and bravery for pre-colonial people.
FALSE 10.Barangays were located deep inside the lush forests of the country.

Activity 2. Hook Activity

Base on your past history lessons, give three things you know about them.

DATU
Datu was the head or chieftain on each barangay.
A datu had executive, legislative and judicial powers.
The datu can be replaced by a better and stronger datu who can protect
the barangay better.
TIMAWA O MAHARLIKA
Maharlika are well-respected warriors of the barangay.
The timawa were composed of offspring of inherently free
people,descendants of mixed marriage of nobles and commoners.
They were personal followers of the datu whose role was to help him in
 activities that involve the welfare of the barangay.
ALIPING SAGIGILID O NAMAMAHAY
Those who were not able to pay debts, cannot pay legal fines, captured in
battle or born to the dependent parents.
They served the members of the barangay,specifically the creditors,as a
sort of payment for their freedom.

Activity 5. Guided Practice

Answer the following questions. Explain each in just one paragraph, minimum of three sentences and
maximum of five sentences.

1. Was datu similar to a president?

A datu and a president have identical position and responsibilities; nonetheless, they will be
running separate systems. They share the same duties, which are to protect and care for the community.
A datu is the leader of a barangay, whereas the president is the leader of a country, enterprise, or
organization. It is also different in terms of selecting a datu and a president. In order to choose a
president, an election must be held and the decisions must be made by the people. A datu, on the other
hand, can be replaced by a stronger and better datu who can rule the barangay without the people's
approval.

2. Why were the dependents not considered as slaves?

Because the status of being dependent in a barangay was not permanent and could end once the
service rendered to the creditor was already equivalent to the debt owed. In other words, the social
stratification during pre-colonial period was not strict. It means that members of a group could move
from one group to another given a certain circumstance.

3. Give three things from our pre-colonial society that you think can still be seen in today’s society.
Elaborate properly.

a. Tattooing. Nowadays people have these trendy addiction on having tattoos on their skin. For them, it
symbolizes beauty and make their skin look cools.

b. Religious beliefs. Believing different Gods can still be seen in our society today. Our people have
different ways to show their beliefs to their Gods.

c. Slavery. There is still slavery, but it is not permanent, after serving a specific number of years, the
slave is freed and is assimilated to the tribe that captured them.

Activity 6. Windshield Check

Write TRUE if the statement is true and FALSE if not.
TRUE 1.Before the arrival of the Spaniards, the archipelago was composed of several communities
called barangays.
FALSE 2.T Philippines was already a developing country even before the arrival of the Spaniards.
FALSE 3.Tagalog were fond of tattoos , which was why the Spaniards called them pintados.
TRUE 4. Houses during the pre-colonial period were elevated off the ground.
TRUE 5.Women had an active role in the affairs of the barangays.
FALSE 6.A barangay was headed by a group called datus.
FALSE 7.A datu is equivalent of “king”.
TRUE 8. The freemen were followers of the datu who were tasked to assist him in governing the
barangay.
TRUE 9.A datu had executive, legislative, and judicial powers.
FALSE 10.Most barangays were located deep in the forests of the country.
FALSE 11. Each barangay was isolated in the sense that they did not have any contacts with the
outside world.
FALSE 12.A datu gets his salary from more powerful datus.
TRUE 13.There were people who assisted the datu in his job.
TRUE 14. The dependents were generally composed of people who are not able to pay their debts or
fines.
FALSE 15.Most laws of the barangay were written laws.

Activity 7. Contemplation

As part of the youth, identify the three concrete ways you can contribute to the empowerment of the
women and LGBTQ+ community in our society. Explain each way in three to five sentences only.

(1) Designate a “safe zone”.

You can designate your classroom as a "safe zone" through putting stickers or signs on the door. This
communicates to students that you are LGBTQ+ friendly and willing to fight anti-LGBTQ+ assertions or
harassment.

(2) . Be a role model for kindness and inclusion.

“Don’t tolerate any kind of hateful speech,” stressed one survey participant. Speak up if you hear
other anti-LGBTQ comments from young people in your lives and be prepared for questions and put-
downs on gender.

(3). Demonstrate to young people that they can be themselves around you.

Because of the election, nearly half of the LGBTQ youngsters polled have reduced their self-
expression or are reconsidering their future plans. Look for ways to show the young people in your life
that they can be themselves around you. Discuss how there is no "one way" to be a boy or a girl, and
avoid making assumptions about a child's sexual orientation or gender identity. Come out as a
supporter of LGBTQ equality even if you are not LGBTQ+.

Activity 8. 3-2-1 Chart

What are the 3 things you have learned in this lesson? Explain.

(1) The roots of the of the Filipino people in the archipelago.

(2) The way our ancestors lived before the arrival of the Spaniards in the Philippines.
(3) Before the arrival of the Spaniards, women are treated equally along with men.
What are the 2 things you found interesting in this lesson? Why did you find them interesting?

(1) During pre-colonial period, women are highly revered and respected. I found this interesting
because nowadays women’s capabilities have been limit just because of their. Women tend to get
discriminate and harass just because .
(2) Tattooing was a common practice and it symbolizes beauty and bravery during pre-colonial period.
What is 1 question you still have? What will you do to find the answer to the question?

None so far. I have fully understand the topics I’ve encountered today.