MOPANI WEST DISTRICT

PRACTICAL 2

GRADE 12

18 MAY 2021

SURNAME AND NAME

40

TOTAL: 40 MARKS

DURATION : 1H00

TIME : 09H00

This question paper consist of 7 pages

LFSC GR12 PRAC 2 2 MOPANI WEST DISTRICT/MAY 2021

QUESTION 1

Background information

Many characteristics in humans are controlled by one gene with two alleles, one
dominant and one recessive. Three examples are shown below.

Unattached Attached Tongue- Non-roller Straight Bent

earlobe earlobe roller thumb (hitchhiker’s)
thumb
Dominant Recessive Dominant Recessive Dominant Recessive

A group of grade 12 learners conducted a survey of the occurrence/frequency of

dominant and recessive phenotypes for each of three traits/ characteristics (as
shown in the pictures above) among the learners in the school.

The following Method was used to conduct the survey

1. Selected 20 learners that will form part of your sample.

2. For every learner selected, record the phenotype for each characteristic.

3. Recorded the information for each learner in a table. At the end of the table,
included the percentage of learners displaying each phenotype for each of the
three characteristics.

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LFSC GR12 PRAC 2 3 MOPANI WEST DISTRICT/MAY 2021

The results obtained are shown in the table below

Earlobes Tongue Thumb

Learner Unattached Attached Roller Non-roller Straight Bent

Dominant Recessive Dominant Recessive Dominant Recessive

1 ✓ ✓ ✓
2 ✓ ✓ ✓
3 ✓ ✓ ✓
4 ✓ ✓ ✓
5 ✓ ✓ ✓
6 ✓ ✓ ✓
7 ✓ ✓ ✓
8 ✓ ✓ ✓
9 ✓ ✓ ✓
10 ✓ ✓ ✓
11 ✓ ✓ ✓
12 ✓ ✓ ✓
13 ✓ ✓ ✓
14 ✓ ✓ ✓
15 ✓ ✓ ✓
16 ✓ ✓ ✓
17 ✓ ✓ ✓
18 ✓ ✓ ✓
19 ✓ ✓ ✓
20 ✓ ✓ ✓
Total 16 4 15 5 17 3
% 80 20 75 25 ? 15

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LFSC GR12 PRAC 2 4 MOPANI WEST DISTRICT/MAY 2021

QUESTION 1

1.1. List any FOUR planning steps that the learners would have used to conduct
this investigation. (4)

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1.2. In terms of the investigation about the type of earlobe (free or attached),
State :

1.2.1 the independent variable (1)

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1.3 State TWO ways in which the learners could make the results of this
investigation more reliable (2)

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1.4 Calculate the percentage of occurrence of the dominant phenotype for thumb
on the table above. Show all calculations. (3)

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1.5 Using the same system of axes, draw a bar graph to represent the
percentage of learners displaying each phenotype for each of the three
characteristics. (6)

1.6. Use the symbols R (tongue-roller) and r (non-roller) to represent the

phenotypes and genotypes of offspring resulting from a cross between
two heterozygous individuals (6)

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LFSC GR12 PRAC 2 6 MOPANI WEST DISTRICT/MAY 2021

QUESTION 2

2. In holly trees, red fruit (R) is dominant over white fruit (r) and spiny leaves (L) are
dominant over smooth leaves (l).
The Punnett square below shows the possible results of a cross between two
individual plants.

GAMETES RL Rl rL rl
RL RRLL RRLl RrLL RrLl
Rl RRLl RRll RrLl Rrll
rL RrLL RrLl rrLL rrLl
Rl RrLl Rrll rrLl rrll

2.1. A framer wanted to produce plants with only white fruit and spiny leaves. Give
the genotype of the plants that he should use in the cross.

__________________________________________________________ (1)

2.2 As an assistant to a genetic engineer you were asked to summarise the

results of the Punnent square in a table with the description of phenotype and
the number of the offspring. (5)

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LFSC GR12 PRAC 2 7 MOPANI WEST DISTRICT/MAY 2021

2.3 The diagram below represents a biological/ scientific process.

2.3.1 Identify and define the process above. (3)

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2.3.2 Describe the steps involved in the process above (4)

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2.4. Cystic fibrosis is a genetic condition that causes a build-up of thick sticky
mucus in the lungs, pancreas, liver and intestines.

Study the diagram below of two families that carry the cystic fibrosis gene.

The letter N and n are used to represent the two alleles.

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LFSC GR12 PRAC 2 8 MOPANI WEST DISTRICT/MAY 2021

2.4.1 Name the type of diagram shown above? (1)

2.4.2 How many generations are shown in the diagram (1)

2.4.3 Using evidence from the diagram, would you say that cystic fibrosis is caused
by a recessive allele or dominant allele?
Give reasons for your answer. (3)

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TOTAL: 40

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