Department of Education

Region VI – Western Visayas

Division of Aklan
District of Batan

KALANTIAW INSTITUTE
Batan, Aklan

Lesson Plan

Subject: MAPEH (ARTS)

Name of Teacher: ERRA M. DALIDA
Grade Level: 10 Quarter: 1st Date Covered:
Content Standard
The learner…
1. art elements and processes by synthesizing and applying prior knowledge and skills
2. the arts as integral to the development of organizations, spiritual belief, historical events, scientific
discoveries, natural disasters/ occurrences and other external phenomenon
Performance Standard
The learners…
1. performs/ participate competently in a presentation of a creative impression (verbal/nonverbal)
from the various art movements
2. recognize the difference and uniqueness of the art styles of the various art movements
(techniques, process, elements, and principles of art)
Learning Competency
 Analyze art elements and principles in the production of work following a specific art style
from the various art movements
 Identifies distinct characteristics of arts from the various art movements
 identifies representative artists and Filipino counterparts from the various art movements
 reflects on and derive the mood, idea, or message from selected artworks
 explains the role or function of artworks by evaluating their utilization and combination of art
elements and principles
 uses artworks to derive the traditions/history of the various art movements
 compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the various art movements
 creates artworks guided by techniques and styles of the various art movements (e.g.,
Impasto, Encaustic, etc.)
Objectives
Analyze art elements and principles in the production of work following a specific art style from
the various art movements
Identifies distinct characteristics of arts from the various art movements
identifies representative artists and Filipino counterparts from the various art movements
reflects on and derive the mood, idea, or message from selected artworks
explains the role or function of artworks by evaluating their utilization and combination of art
elements and principles
uses artworks to derive the traditions/history of the various art movements
compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the various art movements
creates artworks guided by techniques and styles of the various art movements (e.g., Impasto,
Encaustic, etc.)
discusses the influence of iconic artists belonging to the various art movements
I. Topic
MODERN ART

a. Impressionism
b. Expressionism
c. Cubism
d. Dadaism
e. Surrealism
f. Abstract Realism
g. Pop Art
h. Op Art
i. Performance Art
j. Happenings and Mob

I. Principles of Art
1. Rhythm, Movement
2. Balance
3. Emphasis
4. Harmony, Unity, and Variety
5. Proportion
II. References
REX BOOK STORE MAPEH in ACTION GRADE 10
III. Time Allotment
2 Week
IV. Instructional Materials
Learning Module
V. Values Focus
- Patriotic, Trust Worthy, Critical Thinking
Procedure
I. Lesson Proper
What is Modern Art?
Looking back in time from our vantage point today, the
beginning of the 20th century is recognized as a period of revolution and
change in art. Artists were seen representing the world they know in
unique ways that were never before seen by public. They introduced a
variety of new art styles that not only broke artistic traditions of the past
but also pointed the way to future innovations.
Some designs are so well integrated that they have qualities
beyond a mere sum of their parts. Such are said to be beautiful,
interesting, absorbing, or surprising.
Art and beauty can be expressed in many ways- in natural beauty of huge old trees or in the
created beauty of a painting of those trees like in the work of Van Gogh “Large Plane Trees”.
Large Plane Trees, Vincent Van Gogh
Depicted in his works are the principles of design that made his work beautiful, fascinating and
expressive. There are six principles of design: unity and variety, balance, emphasis and
subordination, contrast, repetition and rhythm, and scale and proportion.

Principles of Design
A. UNITY AND VARIETY
Unity refers to the appearance or condition of oneness of an artwork. All the elements such as
line, color, texture, and others belong together that result in having a coherent and harmonious
whole. As variety provides diversity yet it acts as counterbalance to extreme unity.

The visual themes were established with the use of lines, shapes, and colors. The many
figures and the objects in the complex compositions of Lawrence formed a unified design through the
artist’s skillful use of abstraction, theme, and variation.

B. BALANCE
Balance is the condition in which acting influences are held in check by opposing forces or
what is in the left side should appear on the right side also in order to achieve equilibrium.
The near or exact matching of left and right sides of a three-dimensional form or a two-
dimensional composition is called symmetrical balance. Two sides which are not the same is
asymmetrical balance.

A symmetrical balance can be seen on the wheels of the chariot in Giacometti’s bronze, where
the slim figure that serves as a vertical attached on an elevation. On the other hand, Haranobu’s
figures on a woodblock print, asymmetrical balance was achieved with one figure sitting and the
other standing. Both heads of the figure bends to the center.
C. EMPHASIS AND SUBORDINATION
To draw our attention to an area or areas, the artist uses emphasis. To create emphasis,
position, contrast, color intensity, and size can all be used. Neutral areas of lesser interest are
created by artist through subordination to keep us from being distracted from the areas of emphasis.

D. CONTRAST
The juxtaposition of strongly dissimilar elements is called contrast. Dark set against light, large
against small, bright colors against dull are examples of contrasts. Visual experience becomes
monotonous without contrast. Contrast can be seen also in the thick and thin areas of a single
brushstroke.

E. REPETITION AND RHYTHM

The repetition of visual elements gives a composition of unity, continuity, flow, and emphasis.
Rhythm in the visual art, is created through the regular recurrence of elements with related
variations.

F. SCALE AND PROPORTION

Scale is the relation of one thing to another. It is one of the first decisions an artist makes
when planning a work of art, Proportion is the size relationship of parts to a whole.

Elements of Arts
Medium and elements together are the materials the artist uses in creating a work of art. The
distinction between them is easy to see but hard to define. An element can be known only in some
medium, but as an element it is independent of medium. When we study elements, we consider them
with no attention to the means by which we can come into contact with a work of art. The elements
are its qualities or properties.
The seven elements of art are:
1. Line
2. Shape
3. Space
4. Value
5. Color
6. Texture
7. Perspective

1. LINE
 Line is our basic means for recording and symbolizing ideas, observations, and feelings, it
is a primary means of visual communication. Lines always have they are always active.
Line is our basic means for recording and symbolizing ideas, observations, and feelings; it is a
primary means of visual communication. Lines always have direction. They are always active.

The following illustrates the line variations (Preble, 1999)

a) Actual Line
b) Implied line and implied curved line
c) Actual straight lone and implied curved lines
d) Line created by an edge
e) Vertical line (attitude of alert attention); horizontal line (attitude of rest)
f) Diagonal lines (slow action, fast action)
g) Sharp jagged lines
h) Dance of curving lines
i) Hard line; soft line
j) Ragged, irregular line
2. SHAPE
Shape refers to the expanse within the outline of a two-dimensional area or within the outer
boundaries of a three-dimensional object. It may be geometric which tends to be precise or regular
(circles, triangles, squares) or organic which are irregular, often curving or rounded and seem
relaxed and more informal. Most common shapes in human-made world are geometric while most
shapes in nature are organic.
 Mass is a physical bulk of a solid body material and it has a three-dimensional area.

3.SPACE
Space is the indefinable general receptacle of all things. It is continues, infinite, and ever
present. The visual arts are sometimes referred to spatial arts, because most of art forms are
organized in space.
Architects are especially concerned with space. With three-dimensional objects such as in
architecture and sculpture, one has to move around to get a full experience of three-dimensional
space. With two-dimensional works, such as drawings, prints, photographs, and paintings, the actual
space is defined by its edges- usually the two-dimensions of height and width. The illusion of third
dimension in two-dimensional works is spatial depth.
Diagrams of clues to Spatial Depth in two-dimensional surface (Preble, 1999):

4. VALUE
Value refers to the lightness and darkness of surfaces. It ranges from white to various grays to
black. It can be a property of color or an element independent color.
Chiaroscuro is the use of gradations of light and shade, in which the forms are revealed by the
subtle shifting from light to dark areas. This technique was developed Properties of a Color

5. COLOR
Color is a component of light , affects as directly by modifying our thoghts, moods, actions,
and even our health. Color exists only in light , but light itself seem colorless to the human eye. The
so called “color” is the effect on our eyes of light waves of differing wavelenghts or frequencies
Properties of Color
▪ Hue is particular wavelength of spectral color to which we give name.
– In 1666, British scientist Sir Isaac Newton discovered that when the light of the sun
passes through a glass prism. It is separated into the bands of colors that make up the
visible spectrum. The sequence of the spectral colors is: red, orange, green, blue,
indigo, and violet.
– Primary Hues are: Red, Yellow, and Blue
– Secondary Hues: Orange, Green, and Violet. This are produced by the mixture of primary
hues.
– Intermediate Hue are red-orange, yellow-green, blue-green, and red-violet. Each are
located between the primary and the secondary hues of which they are composed.

Impressionism
In the second half of the 19th century emerged the impressionist movement. Impressionist artists
moved away from the established practices and discovered new ways. They used pure unmixed
colors side by side using short broken strokes for more visual effect on the subject. They started on
something new like capturing scenes of life like household objects, seascapes, houses, and ordinary
people. They preferred working outdoor in a natural light incorporating unusual visual angles, out of
proportion objects, subjects placed off-centered, and empty spaces on the canvas.
All these characterize the works of Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, and Edouard Manet. Monet is
best known for his landscape painting, depicting his flower gardens and water lily ponds. Renoir’s
works were snapshots of real-life paintings of actual people and figures. Manet’s works depicted
modern-life subjects.

Expressionism
Another group of artists who became popular in the 1900’s are the expressionists. They created
works with more emotional force, and not on realistic or natural images. To attain this, they used
distorted outlines, unrealistic or unnatural images. Their works are not actually what they see in the
physical world, but depend on their imaginations and feelings.
The different styles that emerged within the expressionist art movements are:
– Neoprimitivism
– Fauvism
– Dadaism
– Surrealism
– social realism

A. Neoprimitivism
Neoprimitivism is an art style of combined elements from the native arts of the South Sea
Islanders and the wood carvings of African tribes. Among the Western artists who adapted these
elements was Amedeo Modigliani. Oval faces and elongated shapes of African art can be seen in
both his sculptures and paintings.

B. Fauvism
Fauvism is the style of les Fauves (French for "the wild beasts"), a group of early 20th-century
modern artists whose works emphasized with strong colors and visual distortions. Most known artist
was Henri Matisse.
The characteristics of Fauvism include:
A) the important use of unnatural colors gives new, emotional meaning to the colors;
B) creating a strong, unified work that appears flat on the canvas.

C. Dadaism
Dadaism is a style characterized by imagination, remembered images, and visual tricks and
surprises—as in the paintings of Marc Chagall and Giorgio de Chirico below. These artists turn their
backs from using traditional styles in arts leading to their new style called “non-style.”
The art, poetry, and performance produced by dada artists is often satirical and nonsensical in
nature.

D. Surrealism
Surrealism came from the term “super realism”, a style that depicts an illogical, subconscious
dream world. It is a clear expression of departure from reality - as if the artists were dreaming, seeing
illusions, or experiencing a change in mental state.
Many surrealist works appeared morbid or gloomy subjects, as in those by Salvador Dali. Others
were quite playful and even humorous, such as those by Paul Klee and Joan Miro.
E. Social Realism
Social realism is an art movement which expresses the artist’s role in social reform. The artists
used their works to show protest against the injustices, inequalities immorality, and other concerns of
the human condition. Social realists have addressed different social issues for the purpose of
increasing people’s awareness leading to reforms and general welfare.

Abstractionism
In the 20th century, the abstractionist movement existed from various intellectual points of view.
This intellectualism was reflected in art. Expressionism was emotional while abstractionism was
logical and rational.
Geometrical shapes, patterns, lines, angles, textures, and swirls of color were used.
Representational abstractionism depicts still-recognizable subjects while pure abstractionism does
not recognize any subject at all.
Abstractionist movement has four art styles, namely:
 Cubism
 Futurism
 Mechanical style
 Non-objectivism
A. Cubism
The cubist style was derived from the word cube, a three-dimensional geometric figure composed of
lines, planes, and angles. Pablo Picasso - Spanish painter/sculptor is foremost among the cubists.
B. Futurism
Futurism is a style of art that began in Italy in the early 1900’s. It is an art of fast-paced,
machine-propelled age. Artists draw inspiration through motion, force, speed and strength of
mechanical forms. Thus, their works depicted the dynamic sensation of all these – as seen in the
works of Italian painter Gino Severini.

C. Mechanical Style
In mechanical style of art, basic forms such as planes, cones, spheres, and cylinders all fit
together in a precise and neat manner.
D. Non-objectivism
From the term non-object, works in non-objectivism style did not make use of figures or even
representations of figures.

Op Art and Pop Art

Optical art or Op art is another art movement that gives a visual experience – a form of “action
painting,” taking place in the viewer’s eye giving the illusion of movement.
Popular art or Pop art is a movement that made of use of common place, trivial, even
nonsensical objects that pop artists seemed to enjoy and laugh at.
 Filipino Modern Artists and their Works
JOSE JOYA was born on June 3, 1931 and died on May 11, 1995. He was a Filipino abstract artist
and a National Artist of the Philippines awardee. Joya was a printmaker, painter, mixed media artist,
and a former dean of the University of the Philippines' College of Fine Arts. He is a proponent and
follower of Abstract Expressionism in the Philippines. His art compositions were characterized by
"dynamic spontaneity" and "quick gestures" of action painting. He is the creator of compositions that
were described as "vigorous compositions" of heavy impastos, bold brushstrokes, controlled dips,
and diagonal swipes.

VICENTE MANANSALA was born on January 22, 1910 and died on August 22, 1981, a prominent
Filipino cubist painter and illustrator. His works are characterized of bringing together the barrio and
the city influences and culture. His Madonna of the Slums is a portrayal of a mother and child from
the countryside who became urban shanty residents once in the city. In his Jeepneys, it reflects the
combined the elements of provincial folk culture with the congestion issues of the city.

MAURO MALANG SANTOS was born on January 20, 1928 and died on June 10, 2017. He was
commonly known by the mononym Malang. He was a Filipino award-winning cartoonist, illustrator,
and fine arts painter. His works are regarded as original approach to figurative painting

HERNANDO OCAMPO was born on April 28, 1911 and died on December 28, 1978. He was a
Filipino National Artist in the Visual Arts. He was credited for inventing a new mode of abstractionism
that represents Philippine flora and fauna, and depicts sunshine, stars and rain. He used movement
and bold colors, utilizing futurism and fantasy as basis for his art compositions. His art is described to
be "abstract compositions of biological forms that seemed to oscillate, quiver, inflame and multiply"
like mutations.

ROBERT RODRIGUES CHABET was born on March 29, 1937 and died on April 30, 2013. He was a
Filipino artist and widely acknowledged as the “Father of Philippine Conceptual Art”. He is a follower
of Cubism and Dadaism which serve as his guiding principles.

IBARRA DELA ROSA was born in 1943 and died in 1998. He was a Filipino modern and
contemporary painter and a foremost exponent of meticulous impressionism in the Philippines. His
subject gives him a basic pattern that allows him to see the effects of different color combinations –
how essentially the same scene could bring out the same mood, an ever-changing feeling.

Modern Art Movements History and Distinct Characteristics

ABSTRACT REALISM
Abstract realism, as art, is a fusion of imagination and innovation brought about by
impressionism and expressionism. The artists mix their thoughts, feelings, and emotions into their
paintings of real life objects.
Abstract art is a visualization of patterns, colors, texture, and lines without the need of external
motivation while realistic art consists of art forms that aim to copy the natural picture or view such as
photography.
Historically, abstract realism started in Europe in the late 19th century. Abstract art fully emerged
in the early 20th century when a decline in the appreciation of realism became more common among
Avant-garde artists of the period. Similarly, the abstract art movement allowed for coherent analysis
and meaning via lines, colors and shapes that had not been previously recognized in art. Eventually,
this gave birth to abstract realism.

Robert Delaunay was a French artist who with his wife Sonia Delaunay
and others, co-founded the Orphism art movement which is noted for its use
of strong colors and geometric shapes. His later works were more abstract.
His key influence is related to bold use of color and a clear love of
experimentation with both depth and tone. He was born on April 12, 1885.

Francis Picabia was born on January 22, 1879.

He was a French avant-garde painter, poet and typographist and
associated with Cubism. His highly abstract planar compositions were
colorful and rich in contrasts. He was later briefly associated with
Surrealism, but would soon turn his back on the art establishment and
became a follower of abstract realism.
 DADAISM
Dadaism was an artistic movement in the early 20th century, practiced by a group of European
writers, artists, and intellectuals in protest against World War I. The artworks showed rejection of the
logic, reason, and aestheticism and expressed nonsense, irrationality and anti-elite protest in their
works. It is a style characterized by dream fantasies, memory images, and visual tricks and surprises
as seen in the paintings of Marc Chagall and Giorgio de Chirico below.

Giorgio de Chirico was an Italian artist and writer from Greece. In the years
before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement which
profoundly influenced the surrealists. His most well-known works often featured
Roman arcades, long shadows, mannequins, trains, and illogical perspective.
His imagery reflected his affinity for the philosophy of Nietzsche and for the
mythology of his birthplace. He was born on July 10, 1888.

SURREALISM
Surrealism is an art style that depicts illogical and subconscious dream world
beyond the logical, conscious, and physical one. It was derived from the term
“super realism” with its artworks clearly showing hallucinations, dreams, seeing
illusions and a departure from what is real and natural.
Marc Chagall was a Russian-French artist of Belarusian Jewish origin. As an
early modernist, he was associated with several major artistic styles and created
works in a wide range of artistic formats, including painting, drawings, book
illustrations, stained glass, stage sets, ceramic tapestries and fine art prints.
CUBISM
It is an early 20th century art movement that made innovations in paintings and
sculpture in Europe. The art style derived its name from the cube, a three
dimensional geometric figure which is composed of measured lines, planes, and
angles. The artworks of the cubist artists are a play combination of planes and angles on a flat
surface. Cubism was considered as the most influential art movement of the 20th century. The most
notable proponent of cubism was Pablo Picasso.

Pablo Ruiz Picasso was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist

and theatre designer. He spent most of his adult life in France. Regarded as
one of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he was known for his co-
founding the Cubist movement, inventing constructed sculpture, co-inventing
collage, and developing wide variety of styles. He was born on October 25,
1881.

OPTICAL ART (OP ART)

Optical Art or Op Art is an art movement that emerged in the 1960s. This is an experiment in visual
experience as a form of “action painting” with the action taking place in the viewer’s eye. Lines,
spaces, and colors are carefully and precisely planned, visualized and positioned in op art to
illustrate the illusion of movement which let viewers experience varied sensations from discomfort to
confusion to dizziness.

Bridget Louise Riley CH CBE was an English painter known for singular op
art paintings. He lived and worked in London, Cornwall and the Vaucluse in
France. He was born on April 24, 1931.

POPULAR ART (POP ART)

Pop art is an art movement that arose in the United Kingdom and the
United States of America during the mid- to late-1950s. The movement
presents a challenge to traditions of fine art by including imagery from popular
and mass culture, such as advertising, comic books and mundane mass-produced cultural objects.
One of its objectives is to use images of popular culture in art, emphasizing the banal or kitschy
elements of any culture, most often through the use of irony.
Artworks range from paintings, to posters, to collages, to three-dimensional “assemblages”
and installations. Historically, pop artists made use of recognizable objects and images from the
consumers —as in the prints of Andy Warhol. Their inspirations were the celebrities, advertisements,
billboards, and comic strips that were becoming popular at that time which led to the emergence of
the term pop (from “popular”) art.

Roy Fox Lichtenstein was an American pop artist. He was born on October 27,
1923. During the 1960s, he along with Andy Warhol, Jasper Johns, and James
Rosenquist among others, became a leading figure in the new art movement. His
work defined the premise of pop art through parody. Inspired by the comic strip, he
produced precise compositions that documented while they parodied, often in a
tongue-in-cheek manner. His work was influenced by popular advertising and the
comic book style.

PERFORMANCE ART
Performance art is a form of modern art in which the actions of an
individual or a group at a particular place and in a particular time
constitute the work. Usually, performance art can happen
anywhere, at any time, or for any length of time. It can be any
situation involving four basic elements: time, space, performer’s
body, and relationship between the performer and the audience.
Moreover, it includes activities such as theater, dance, music,
mime, juggling, and gymnastics. These are unexpected, avant-garde, and unorthodox activities
meant to capture the audience’s attention. The performer himself or herself is the artist.
The performance can be done anywhere, and it rarely follows a story line or
plot. It may last for a few minutes or extend for several hours and may be
based on a written script or impromptu as the performance evolves.
Paul McCarthy was born on Salt Lake City, Utah in 1945. He studied and
received his BFA in painting at the San Francisco Art Institute. In 1972, he
studied film, video, and art at the University of Southern California receiving
an MFA. He taught performance, video, installation, and performance art
history at the University of California, Los Angeles. He worked mainly in
video and sculpture. Originally, he was trained as a painter, and his main
interest lies in everyday activities and the mess created by them. Much of
his work in the late 1960s, such as Mountain Bowling (1969) and Hold an
Apple in Your Armpit (1970.
MEDIUMS OF ARTS
MEDIUM is any material or tool used by an artist in translating his or her thoughts and emotions into
an artwork.
Example: water color, Fresco, pastel and chalk, crayons, charcoal, acrylic, wood, clay, stone, and
others.
TYPES OF ART MEDIA
1. DRY MEDIA - These are dryly applied materials such as pencil, pastel, and charcoal.
2. WET MEDIA - These are coloring materials in liquid form like paints and inks.
3. MIXED MEDIA - A combination of two or more wet and dry media in a single artwork.
Example: Draw with colored pencil. Then, paint it over with watercolor. Finally, add some
highlights using pastel.

ART TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUE is the artist’s way or method of using a medium in creating an artwork.
Some Art Techniques
1.SPLATTERING - Fling the paint onto the painting surface with the flick of a brush.
2. COLORING - Put colors together to create a greater visual for the viewer.
3. Impasto Painting - Lay enough thick-layered paint in an area of the surface to make the brush or
painting-knife strokes visible. As an option, mix the paint right on the canvas. When dry, impasto
gives texture; the paint appears to be coming out of the canvas.
4. Encaustic Painting - This is also known as hot wax painting. Heat beeswax, and add color
pigments to produce liquid or paste. Afterwards, apply this to a surface which is usually a wooden
one, though canvas and other materials can also be used.
5. Mural Painting - Blow colored dyes through tube onto the canvas or wall.
6. Oil Painting - Paint with pigments bound with a medium of drying oil especially linseed. Boil oil
with a resin to have a glossy and varnished-like effect.
7. PHOTOGRAPHY - This is an exact resemblance of a design or a performance through camera in
order to produce the desired copy.
-It is also used as a tool in capturing installations and performances.
8. Printing - This is a method of duplicating a single design into multiple ones.
 FOUR MAJOR PROCESSES OF PRINTMAKING

1. Relief Printing - It is the cutting away of unneeded portion in a design, and print what is left
on the original surface.
2. Intaglio Printing - It is the opposite of relief printing. Print what is below the surface.
Examples are scratching, etching, engraving, and burin.
3. Planographic Process or Lithography - Draw a design using greasy crayon, fix it with an
acid solution, and print what is drawn on a surface.
4. Screen printing (silkscreen) or Stencil Printing - Pass ink or any printing medium through a
stencil, which has been applied (or exposed) onto a mesh or 'screen' stretched on a wooden
or metal frame. Then, print through open areas in a screen.

II. Generalization
Directions: Classify what type of media are the given materials inside the box. Copy the table in your
notebook, and fill in each column with the correct answer.
Charcoal Pastel Oil Crayons
Ink and Pencil Brush and ink Chalk Acrylic Paint

WET MEDIA DRY MEDIA MIXED MEDIA

Directions: Work on the given task by following the instructions below to come up with a work of art.
1. Make your own artwork showing self-expression applying your understanding of the principles
applied in expressionism art. (Example: painting, drawing, sculpting, stone engraving, soap carving,
caricature, etc.)
2. Give a title of your work/output based on its function and utilization. (Example: an artwork used as
a protest against environmental degradation)
Evaluation

Directions: Complete the crossword by filling in a word that fits each clue.
DOWN

1. The achievement of equilibrium, the condition in which

acting influences are held in check by opposing forces.
2. The artist used this principle to draw our attention to an
area or areas.
3. In visual art, it is created through the regular recurrence of
elements with related variations.
4. It is the appearance or condition of oneness.
5. Neutral areas of lesser interest are created by artist through
this principle of design.
ACROSS

6. It is the relation of one thing to another.

7. It provides diversity and acts as counterbalance to
extreme unity.
8. In visual elements this gives a composition unity, continuity, flow and emphasis.
9. It is the size relationship of parts to a whole.
10. It can be seen in the thick and thin areas of a single brushstroke.

Checked and approved by:

JOESIFFY L. VILLALINO
School Principal