Cau hoi
Above the word level, why does literal translation
become increasingly difficult?
According to Newmark, how many directions of text
translation are there?
According to Newmark, how many varieties of technical
language are there?
According to Newmark, what is the equal frequency
rule?
According to Newmark, which one below is NOT topic
of comprehensive criticism of a translation?
According to Newmark, which one below is topic of
comprehensive criticism of a translation?
According to Newmark, why is English likely to have a
greater variety and distinctiveness on a scale of
language?
According to Nida what are four types of text?
According to Nida what are four types of text?
According to Paepcke, how many varieties of technical
language are there?
Choose the best option to complete the sentence
below:
Does the translator have to adapt SL to persuade or
instruct a new TL reader-ship when translating an
advertisement?
Don’t jump in my throat
Exports of Vietnamese agricultural products via border
gates to China are facing numerous difficulties
For key-words, why do translators have to assess their
texts critically?
How can we say about the quality of translations in its
early history?
How can we translate the source language (SL)
synonyms?
How does naturalization work?
How does translator deal with new terminology?
How important contrasts are in discourse?
How important is equivalent effect in the
communicative translation of vocative texts?
How many levels of translation are there?
I am very happy to inform you that you are our lucky
customer who has a chance to get $1000 in cash
I wonder if you can lend me some money
In a French restaurant in Hanoi, should the ingredient
of each dish be both in French and Vietnamese?
In a text that uses for children about a rabbit asking for
help should we use a sentence like: “Help me, please. No, we SHOULDN’T. The word ‘decease’ is not fit. We’d
Before the hunter shoots my decease.”
In modern-day translation, can translators rely on
machine translation completely?
In poetry translation, what is true about rhyming
scheme?
In poetry translation, what should translator do first?
In the case of new objects, how can we use
componential analysis (CA)?
In the case of verbless sentences, why does translator
have a wide semantic choice if he wishes to supply a
verb?
In this conversation the marking words ‘I see’ show
what type of signal?
In translation, how does translator deal with single
senses of a word?
Let’s show up
Cau A CâuB Câu C Câu D
It is normally out of translation It is not suitable in translating sentence
It focuses on grammar problem question to sentence It includes literal equivalents
4 5 8 10
4 3 5 6
The equal frequency rule that The equal frequency rule that
The equal frequency rule that corresponding words corresponding sentences should have corresponding grammatical structures The equal frequency rule that
should have approximately equal frequency, for the approximately equal frequency, for the should have an approximately equal corresponding collocations should have
topic and register in question, in both the source and topic and register in question, in both frequency in both the source and an approximately equal frequency in
target languages. the source and target languages. target languages. both the source and target languages.
a selective but representative detailed comparison of A full analysis of vocabulary using in a brief analysis of the SL text stressing the translator's interpretation of the SL
the translation with the original the SL and TL texts its intention and its functional aspects text's purpose
a comparison in using metaphors an evaluation of the translation – in the a comparison in using grammatical
a brief analysis of technical terms between SL and TL translator's terms, in the critic's terms structures between SL and TL
Because it is lexically the product of several language
groups (Saxon, Norse, French, Classical), and has been Because it is lexically the product of
in intimate contact with a wide variety of other several language groups (Saxon, Norse, Because it is lexically the product of
languages; being 'carried' over most of the world, it has Because it is lexically the product of French, Classical), and has been in several language groups, had little
become the main carrier for technology and has had several language groups (Saxon, Norse, intimate contact with a wide variety of authoritative pressure was exercised
little authoritative pressure exercised on its growth French, Classical). other languages. on its growth.
linking verbs, adjectives, adjectival descriptive verbs, adjectives, nouns adverbs, adjectives, nouns emotional verbs, adjectives, adverbs
Narrative, Description, Discussion, and Persuasive, Description, Discussion, Persuasive, Argumentative, Discussion,
Narrative, Description, Discussion, and Dialogue. Negotiation. and Dialogue. and Dialogue.
4 3 2 5
Main ……… doesn’t translate Standard ……… fail Unnecessary ………… ignore General ……. fell short
No. When translating an
advertisement, a notice, or a set of
instructions translator might have to
show his client how such matters are
formulated and written in the source
language, rather than how to adapt
Yes. Because it’s the mission of the them to persuade or instruct a new Yes. And the translator can borrow the
No. Because the mission of the translator is translating. translator. target language readership. word(s) of the source language.
Official Formal Slang Taboo
Official Formal Slang Officialese
the relative gains and losses in a
Translators understand the intensive of translation may correspond to their
There is no gap between SL and TL text. the SL text and the author. assessment. The TL text will be more natural.
Good Truthful Bad Not necessarily to be good
using a verb with an adverb or adverbial group as an
intensifies translate one of them put one word in parenthesis ignore them
Transfer and adapt SL pronunciation, then morphology Transfer and adapt morphology of the
of the TL Transfer and adapt SL pronunciation TL Transfer word type of SL
Underline key terms and then look
Adapt its meaning according to context them up Translate it out of context Ignore it
They’re quite important cohesive They’re useless cohesive factors in They’re the most powerful cohesive
They’re important cohesive factors in discourse. factors in discourse. discourse. factors in discourse.
Useful Informative Desirable Desirable, essential
1 2 3 4
Official Formal Slang Taboo
Colloquial Formal Slang Taboo
Yes. Because France is famous for their
cuisines and French cuisine standards is
Yes. It’s requested. appreciated all over the world. No. It’s unnecessary. No. Clients don’t like that.
No, we SHOULDN’T. The word No, we SHOULDN’T. The word ‘shoots
‘decease’ is not fit. We’d better use me decease’ is not fit. We’d better use
better use ‘death’ instead. Yes. It fits kids’ saying. ‘losing my life’ instead. ‘sends me to god’ instead.
Completely None. A little Not completely
The rhyming scheme is part of the
The rhyming scheme of each poetic form has to be The rhyming scheme can be modified form, but its precise order may have to
followed strictly to create sound effect The rhyming scheme is not mandatory be dropped
choose a TL poetic form as close as possible of that of underline all rhetorics in SL text to find
the SL underline all metaphors in SL text equivalent ones in TL text translate the title
We use CA and equivalent effect at the
CA could only be used as a gloss. We don’t use CA. CA has to be applied first. same time.
Since syntactically the source language text in omitting Since syntactically the source language Since syntactically the source language Since syntactically the source language
the verb is attempting to give a rather general text in omitting the verb is not caring text in omitting the verb is emphasizing text in omitting the verb is emphasizing
impression of sudden, strong action. about action. about agent of action. about object of action.
An end A break A continuation A pause
In CA, the various single senses of a word have to be In CA, the various single senses of a In CA, the various single senses of a In CA, the various single senses of a
analysed at the same time, and mix together. word have to be analysed separately word have to be out of context word have to be in context
Colloquial Formal Slang Taboo
Page 1 of 7
May we understand that ‘dinosaur’ might suggest ‘very
old’
May we understand that ‘iPhone’ might suggest
‘trendy’?
Normally, why are source language (SL) synonyms in
context used?
Should the translator apply the word-by-word
translation method?
Take your dirty hand away from me
To catch the intention of the text, what should the
translator do?
To understand the text, what should the translator do? read it generally.
What affects the componential analysis (CA)? going
with an accepted translation?
What are Authoritative statements?
What are best words to fill in blanks in a sentence
below?
What are best words to fill in blanks in a sentence
below?
What are characteristics of faithful translation?
What are factors that affect the judging way of the
quality of the writing?
What are the best words to fill in blanks?
What are the best words to fill in blanks?
What are the different types of the meanings of
common nouns?
What are the difficulties with words in translating?
What are the main aims of translation?
What are the two earliest literary works in the history
of translation?
What are two standard alternatives when dealing with
missing case-partner?
What are two translation procedures which are at
opposite ends of the scale?
What are two types of key-words in short story?
What are words that that discussion text style
emphasizes?
What components should you include when doing
componential analysis (CA)?
What day is 30th September every year?
What do the critics do when seeing a passage that that The critics have to call out the name or grammatical
diverges from literal translation in grammar?
What does Newmark state about new terminology?
What does translation theory concern?
NO. They are 2 different words.
NO. They are 2 different words.
To make sentence more smooth
No. the Translator must apply the sense-for-sense
method.
Official
The translator just needs to read the title of it.
To understand the text, the translator only needs to
Whether the CA is accompanied by an accepted
translation will depend, firstly, on the particular text-
type
Legal texts
Idea ……………… original meaning and text structure
'message' …… nuances of meaning
A faithful translation attempts to reproduce the precise words and preserves the degree of
contextual meaning of the original within the
constraints of the TL grammatical structures.
The quality of the writing has to be judged by the
author's intention and/or the setting of a text.
Consider ………… function ………… object
thoughts behind the words …….. sub-text ………….. heart thoughts …….. text ………….. heart
Physical or material, figurative, technical, and
colloquial.
Difficulties with words are of two main kinds either the
translator does not understand the words or he finds
the words too difficult to translate.
Cohesion and coherence
The Septuagint, The Epic of Gilgamesh
Translate the object and transfer its implication
Transpositions and Through-Translation
collocations and idioms
abstract nouns, verbs of thought
naturalism component
Celebration of St Jerome’s birthday
structures
Never treat it as ‘already known' word
Translation theory is concerned with grammatical
structures
YES: Because ‘dinosaur’ (lived very long
ago) is a connotation of ‘very old’.
YES: Because ‘trendy’ (Vietnamese
prefer ‘iPhone’ than any other
cellphone brands) is a connotation of
“iPhone”.
To explain new word(s)
No. Tranche slate must apply the word- No. the Translator must apply the
for-word method.
Formal
The translator needs to understand the The translator needs to point out the
text and title of the text.
To understand the text, the translator needs to read both general and close
only needs to read it closely.
Whether the CA is accompanied by an
accepted translation will depend on
the requirements of the readership or
the client
Texts of any nature derive their
authority from the status of their
authors. Such texts have the personal
'stamp' of their authors, although they
are denotative, not connotative.
exact contextual meaning …… content
and language
Idea ……………… original meaning
A faithful translation 'transfers' cultural
grammatical and lexical 'abnormality'
in the translation.
The quality of the writing has to be
judged by the author's intention
and/or the requirements of the subject
matter.
Building …………. Type ……………
modifier
Material, technical and colloquial.
Difficulties with words are new words,
jargon, collocations, a misprint.
Naturalness and comprehension
The Septuagint and the “Kama Sutra”
Use adaptation and apply cultural
equivalent
transference and componential
analysis
repeated words and culture terms
abstract nouns, verbs of thought,
mental activity, logical argument, and
connectives.
Cultural component
The day of St Jerome - the patron saint
of translators
The critics have to offers choices,
requires them to justify their preferred
solution.
Translate it in house-style
Translation theory is concerned with
registers and collocations
Page 2 of 7
NO. Because 2 words are in different NO. The meanings of them are
types of words. different.
NO. Because 2 words are in different NO. The meanings of them are
types of words. different.
To make sentence more advanced To emphasize only
No. The translator can translate the
text, even if he has to simplify,
rearrange, clarify, slim it of its
literal method. redundancies, pare it down.
Slang Taboo
The translator needs to point out the
structure of the text. style of the text.
To understand the text, the translator
To understand the text, the translator
reading. needs to read it critically.
Whether the CA is accompanied by an
accepted translation will depend,
firstly, on the particular text-type;
secondly, on the requirements of the
Whether the CA is accompanied by an readership or the client; and thirdly, on
accepted translation will depend on the importance of the cultural word in
the importance of the cultural word. the text.
Texts of any nature derive their
authority from the status or the
reliability and linguistic competence of
their authors. Such texts have the
Texts of any nature derive their personal 'stamp' of their authors,
authority from the status of their although they are denotative, not
authors. Such texts are connotative. connotative
Grammatical structure ……… meaning SL Words ……… type of words and word
and structure order
Grammatical structure ……… meaning Words ……… type of words
A faithful translation attempts to
reproduce the precise contextual
meaning of the original within the
constraints of the TL grammatical
structures. It 'transfers' cultural words
and preserves the degree of
grammatical and lexical 'abnormality'
A faithful translation attempts to be in the translation. It attempts to be
completely faithful to the intentions completely faithful to the intentions
and the text-realization of the SL and the text-realization of the SL
writer. writer.
The quality of the writing has to be The quality of the writing has to be
judged by the author's intention judged about the author's intention
and/or the vocabulary of a text. and/or the intention of a text.
Making ………….. function ………… post- Analyzing ……… center position ………
modifier verbal force
Lexical meaning …….. sub-text …………..
border ideas …….. sub-text ………….. problem
Physical, figurative, and slang. Physical, figurative, and abstract.
Difficulties with words are
misunderstandable words and misprint Difficulties with words are new words,
ones. abbreviations, and slang.
Flexibility and naturalness accuracy and economy
The Bible and “The Book of the “The Book of the Thousand Nights and
Thousand Nights and a Night.” a Night” and the “Kama Sutra”
supply the explanation and leave it
supply the subject and leave it implied literal.
Functional equivalence and Descriptive
Naturalization and Cultural equivalence equivalence
leitmotifs and the word or phrase that
culture terms and collocations typifies the writer
abstract nouns, verbs of feeling,
mental activity, logical argument emotional verbs, adjectives, adverbs
descriptive and one functional
component Historic component
It’s a day of Annual International The day which celebrates ‘translation
Workshop about translation be seen at a science subject.
The critics have to give a replacing The critics have to point out what are
translation incorrect
Translate it in context Translate it with an explanation
Translation theory is concerned with
minutiae (the meanings of semi-colons,
italics, misprints) as well as generalities
(presentation, the thread of thought
Translation theory is concerned with underlying a piece), and both may be
syntax equally important in the context.

What does translation theory do?
What does translation theory do?
What does translation theory do?
What does verb for 'to happen' normally imply?
What does verb for 'to happen' normally imply?
What is "verbless clauses"?
What is a strong point of translation tools?
What is characteristic of technical style?
What is componential analysis (CA)?
What is correct compound noun?
What is corresponding sentences in Vietnamese of
Hanoi weather forecast like ‘Heavy rain (total 39mm),
heaviest during Friday morning.’?
What is corresponding sentences in Vietnamese of the
ending in a fairy tale like 'They all lived happily ever
after'?
What is 'equivalent effect’?
What is FSP?
What is Newmark’s point of view about translation?
What is NOT a characteristic of authoritative
statements?
What is NOT a characteristic of serious literature?
What is pragmatic component of ‘systematic’?
What is supplementary?
What is the appropriate natural usage of informative
texts?
What is the appropriate natural usage of vocative
texts?
What is the basic thought-carrying element of
language?
What is the best option to complete the definition of
translation criticism?
What is the challenge in translation criticism?
What is the core of the expressive function?
What is the core of the vocative function of language?
What is the core of the vocative function of language?
What is the difference between geographical features
and other cultural terms?
What is the figurative meaning of the word ‘hot’?
What is the first thing translator should consider when recognize cultural achievements in the SL text, and
translating cultural words?
What is the function of metaphor with the expressive
and the aesthetic function?
What is the 'group loyalty factor’?
What is the language code of the given sentence
below?
What is the main characteristic of technical language?
What is the main difficulty when translating technical
texts?
What translation theory does is to identify and define a factors that have to be taken into
translation problem
identify and define a translation problem
indicate all the factors that have to be taken into
account in solving the translation problem
a time and/or a place
a time and/or a place
a clause without verb
Choose correct meaning in the text of the word
Use simple sentence and grammar structures
The basic process is to compare a SL word with a TL
word which has a similar meaning, but is not an obvious
one-to-one equivalent, by demonstrating first their
common and then their differing sense components.
Mother-in-law
Hà Nội có mưa lớn, (tổng cộng 39mm), 39 mm do có mưa lớn, có lẽ mưa lớn
Mưa to (tổng cộng 39mm), nặng nhất vào sáng thứ Sáu. nặng nhất vào sáng thứ Sáu.
Tất cả họ đều hạnh phúc.
'Equivalent effect’ means: produce the same
grammatical structures on the readership of the
translation as has obtained on the readership of the
original.
Foundational sentence perspective
everything is translatable
allegorical in some degree
allegorical in some degree
negative
It’s information in glossary of SL texts.
pragmatic and persuasive
pragmatic and persuasive
grammar
Grammatical ……… technical terms ………. Semantic
work
state your own principles categorically, but at the same
time to elucidate the translator's principles, and even
the principles he is reacting against (or following)
The mind of the speaker, the writer, the originator of
the utterance
the readership, the addressee.
NO: Few texts are purely expressive, informative, or
vocative: most include all three functions, with an
emphasis on one of the three.
geographical features are about topographic
Word ‘hot’ is: used to describe a subject that causes a
lot of disagreement or discussion; or sexually attractive,
or feeling sexually excited.
respects other countries and their cultures
The gap
'Group loyalty factor’ may reflect the tightness of TL
with SL
English code
richness and potential infinity
new terminology
What translation theory does is, first,
to identify and define a translation
problem second, to indicate all the
factors that have to be taken into
What translation theory does is, first, account in solving the problem; third,
to identify and define a translation to list all the possible translation
problem second, to indicate all the procedures; finally, to recommend the
most suitable translation procedure,
account in solving the problem plus the appropriate translation.
identify and define sentence elements identify and define all metaphors
identify and define sentence elements identify and define all metaphors
a manner of behaviour a surprise
a manner a surprise
groups of words have the same
function as a main clause or a
subordinate clause, but do not contain
a phrase a verb
Identify a match at the sentence level,
quite reasonable at finding
concordances Identify grammatical structure
Be free from emotive language,
Use words with meaning that differ connotations, sound-effects or original
from ones in general language metaphors
CA is but is not an obvious one-to-one
CA is comparing a SL word with a TL
equivalent, CA is identifying sense
word which has a similar meaning components.
Mother – in – law Mother in-law
Tổng lượng mưa của Hà Nội sẽ đạt mốc
nhất vào sáng Thứ 6.
Họ sống bên nhau hạnh phúc mãi mãi
về sau. Họ đã hạnh phúc.
'Equivalent effect’ means: produce the
same effect (or one as close as
'Equivalent effect’ means: produce the possible) on the readership of the
same message on the readership of the translation as has obtained on the
translation. readership of the original
Functional source perspective Foundational sentence possible
everything is translatable up to a point,
but that there are often enormous
everything is untranslatable difficulties.
openly addressed to a readership often literal and denotative
connotative and figurative Always literal
neutral both negative and positive
It appears in parentheses. It appears between two commas.
hugging the style of the original neat
unemotional neat
collocation Lexis
Literal ……… technical terms ………. Systematic ….. of different aspects Complete ……….. methods ………….
Popular field …………. interdisciplinary academic field Interesting field
list all principles that the translator
list all the translator's principles misses
The mind of the speaker The mind of the write
the readership the addressee.
YES. All texts include all three
functions, with an emphasis on one of YES. These three functions are must-
the three. haves.
geographical features are value-free,
geographical features are regional politically and commercially
Word ‘hot’ shows ‘having a high ‘hot’ is used to describe food that
temperature’. causes a burning feeling in the mouth
highline the differences between SL
and TL culture do componential analysis
The root The link
'Group loyalty factor’ may reflect the
'Group loyalty factor’ may reflect the national, political, ethnic, religious,
tightness of TL with SL in translating social class, sex, etc. assumptions of
jargons the translator.
American code Chinese code
borrowing words Latin words
New grammar structures Abbreviations
Page 3 of 7
What translation theory does is, first,
to identify and define a translation
problem second, to indicate all the
factors that have to be taken into
account in solving the problem; third,
to list all the possible translation
procedures
identify and define jargons
identify and define jargons
an accidental action
an accidental action
an adjective phrase, a proposition
phrase or a noun phrase
Identify the tone of the text
Use ellipsis sentences
CA is similar to syntax
Mother in – law
Hà Nội có mưa lớn, tổng lượng mưa là
39 mm. Mưa lớn nhất có thể diễn ra
vào sáng Thứ 6.
Trọn đời, họ sống hạnh phúc.
'Equivalent effect’ means: produce
understandable translation on the
readership of the translation..
Functional sentence perspective
everything is translatable with little
difficulties.
self-expression
bizarreries of idiolect
positive
This is 'referential'. It consists of
additional information, not given in the
SL text.
unemotional
hugging the style of the original
style
state what principles are best in
translating the text
The mind of the originator of the
utterance
The intention of the text
NO. Each text only has one out of 3
functions.
geographical features are value
according to each culture
‘hot’ is used to describe something
which makes you feel like burning
when touching it.
underline all metaphors
The priority
'Group loyalty factor’ may reflect the
religious, social class, political, etc. in
the correct context.
Vietnamese code
Greek words
Formulas

What is the main feature of Word-for-word translation? of context. Cultural words are translated literally. common meanings.
What is the main purpose of a text?
What is the main role of early translation?
What is the most common missing case-partner?
What is the most common variety of 'marked' errors in among student translators tends to be colloquialisms
the register among student translators?
What is the most obvious use of componential analysis
(CA) is in handling words?
What is the requirement in translating poetry?
What is the role of translation in linguistics and culture? It fostered both linguistics and culture
What is the source of the authority of the text?
What is the unit of translation in expressive texts?
What is through-translation?
What is translation according to Moulin?
What is translation theory in a narrow sense?
What is translation theory in a wide sense?
What is translation?
What is translator’s power when translating the title of
the text?
What is true about British Standards Institution
standardised terms?
What is true about concept-words?
What is TRUE about Sir Richard Burton?
What is TRUE about St. Jerome?
What is TRUE about the Bible translation?
What is TRUE about the relationship between the
conventional grammatical and lexical usage for types of
text?
What is TRUE about the relationship between the
referential truth, the SL text, and the expectations of
the readership?
What is verbless in the given sentence used for?
What makes error in technical translation?
What makes technical translation different other types Terminology, of which characteristics and grammatical
of translations?
What makes the naturalness of a text?
What should a translator do when facing cultural
fanaticisms?
What should drama translator do if he wants his
characters to ‘live’?
What should the translator think before translating?
The SL words translated singly by their
The SL word-order is preserved and the words The SL word-order is preserved and the most common meanings, out of
translated singly by their most common meanings, out words translated singly by their most The SL word-order is preserved and context. Cultural words are translated
Cultural words are translated literally. literally.
The main purpose of the text is to The main purpose of the text is to The main purpose of the text is to
The main purpose of the text is to gather information gather information then convince the convey information and convince the create information then convince the
and convince the reader. reader. reader. reader.
Made language develops rapidly Pushed intercultural Spread religious beliefs far and wide Enriched foreign trade
direct object indirect object verb agent
The most common variety of 'marked' The most common variety of 'marked' The most common variety of 'marked'
The most common variety of 'marked' error in register error in register among student error in register among student errors in register among student
translators tends to be colloquialisms translators tends to be ‘colloquial' and translators tends to be ‘colloquial' and
and fanaticisms and jargons exaggerations 'intimate’.
denote combinations of qualities, or
denote combinations of actions describe qualities combinations of actions and qualities describe actions and qualities
The integrity of both the lexical units and the lines has
to be preserved within a context of: corresponding Sometimes punctuation can be
punctuation and accurate translation of metaphor. Transferring both lexical and grammar Equivalent sound effect is prerequisite eliminate to create sound effects
Translating has played an important
Translating has played an important role in bridging both the linguistic and
role in the linguistic divide that has cultural divide that has long existed
It enriched linguistics long existed between countries, between countries.
The authority of the text is derived
The authority of the text is derived from good writing; but also The authority of the text is derived
from normal writing; but connectedly, independently, unconnectedly, from from good writing, but dependently
The authority of the text is derived from good writing. from the status of the SL writer. the status of the SL writer. from the status of the SL writer.
sentences Paragraphs Grammar structures Words
it is the literal translation of common collocations, It is equivalent translation to cope with It is borrowing technique to deal with
names of organizations and components of compounds It is adaptation translation metaphors terminology
The translation simply copies the The translation simply explains the
The translation cannot simply original text format and idea but in original text for people of another
The translation simply reproduces the original text. reproduce, or be, the original. another language. language can understand.
In a narrow sense, translation theory is
concerned with the translation method
In a narrow sense, translation theory is In a narrow sense, translation theory is appropriately used for a certain type of
In a narrow sense, translation theory is concerned with concerned with copying grammatical concerned with the use of words in text, and it is, therefore, dependent on
the accuracy of SL messages when transferring to TL structures from SL to TL context a functional theory of language.
In a wider sense, translation theory is
the body of knowledge that we have
about translating, extending from In a wider sense, translation theory is In a wider sense, translation theory is
In a wider sense, translation theory is the body of general principles to guidelines, the way we encode the suggestion and the body of knowledge that we pay
knowledge that we pay attention to hints. suggestions, and hints. hints of SL to translate. attention to word usage and metaphor.
The translation is rendering the
The translation is transferring every meaning of a text into another
The translation is transferring the idea of the author in The translation is transferring a text word of a text from one language into language in the way that the author
the source into the target language from one language into another one another one intended the text.
He can copy the whole title he can write his name beside he can use punctuations He is entitled to 'change' the title
may have more than one meaning in
have one fixed meaning have illustration for each word one field go with formula
are notorious for their different meanings in various
technologies are abstract words are difficult to understand are boring words
He was the 1st person who translated
the “Kama Sutra” into the English One of his works is a good translation
He was born in 1812 He died in 1891. language. of the Bible.
He was a Greek scholar His mother tongue is Latin He was born in 374 AD His translation was named the Vulgate
The 1st book is translated when a
language starts to be translated into
It’s a good translation other languages. It was translated by Sir Richard Burton It was written in English
Flexible - depending on the topic and
The same Different the situation Not relevant
dependent independent opposite not relevant
Give an exclamations Give a questions Show an order Give a command
Misleading adjective plus noun collocations for
standardised terms Multi-meaning words New words Strange grammar structures
features merge with other varieties of language Grammar structures Metaphors Implication
The naturalness of a text is both The naturalness of a text is both style
The naturalness of a text is grammatical. grammatical and lexical. The naturalness of a text is lexical. and lexical.
Cultural fanaticisms should be rendered by standard Cultural fanaticisms should be Cultural fanaticisms should be Cultural fanaticisms should be
equivalents, which are not literal translations. translated literally. borrowed. translated into one-to-one.
he must use as many collocations as he
he must translate into the modern TL he must use TL spoken language he must use some TL slang can
The translator should think about
those questions: Where would the text
The translator should think about be published in the TL? What is the TL
The translator should think about those questions: Where would the text equivalent of the SL? or Who is the
those questions: Where would the text be published in the TL? What is the TL client you are translating for and what
The translator should think about those questions: be published in the TL? What is the TL equivalent of the SL? or Who is the are his requirements? before
Where would the text be published in the TL? equivalent of the SL? client you are translating for? translating.
Page 4 of 7

What should translator avoid when start translating?
What should translator do when dealing with
metaphors in technical SL text?
What should translator do when dealing with the
sentence below?
What should translator do when facing historical
institutional terms?
What should translator do when meeting a ‘semi-
cultural’ words?
What should translator do when translating?
What should translator remember when translating
cultural words?
What should translator remember when translating
nomenclatures?
What should we translate words?
What should we use when analyzing conceptual terms? CA
What should you do if you meet an archaic structure in should reproduce a corresponding deviation from the
SL?
What thing that translator should avoid when
translating descriptive terms?
What thing you shouldn’t do when analysing the SL
text?
What things should we emphasize when translating a
dialogue?
What translation method that supplying a verb is more
appreciable?
What type of the given text below?
What types of sentence is the whole sentence and the
quotation below?
What types of text that translator mainly uses
adaptation?
What’s a benefit that general reading brings to a
translator?
What’s a benefit that general reading brings to a
translator?
What’s translating activity compared to?
When a metaphor can cause cultural shock how should
the translator deal with it?
When can degrees of formality be noted as pragmatic
components?
When does a good translator abandon a literal version?
When does a translator have to decide whether or not
to transfer a word?
When does the figurative element go with literal
translation?
When does the translator automatically fill in the case-
gap?
When does the translator have to intervene
semantically?
When facing defective SL text, what can translator NOT
do?
When is Translation theory pointless?
When one word is transliterated, it will be called ………? A copy word
When should translator translate a descriptive by a
technical term?
Translate without reading through to get the message
of the text
ignoring them
Use idiomatic translation method
borrow that words plus explanation phrase
Such words can be borrowed
Translate by paragraphs , and then make sure you apply can and always as literally, borrow
adaptation correctly
Translator should remember the intension of the text
and the intension of author
In some areas, the nomenclature is clouded by
additional obsolete, obsolescent or regional terms
We translate isolated words
When meeting an archaic structure in SL, the translator
target language norms in your version.
translate a descriptive by a technical term for the
purpose of showing off his knowledge
Including your comment about author’s writing
colloquialisms and fanaticisms
semantic
a survey
The entire sentence is a question and the quote is a
statement
Instructions
General reading can help the translator understand the General reading can help the translator General reading can help the translator General reading can help the translator
jargon.
Close reading is required to read words in context.
the tip of an iceberg
The translator can eliminate it
when they have no TL equivalents
A good translator abandons a literal version only when
it’s a vocative or informative text.
When transferring word is a SL cultural word whose
referent is peculiar to the SL culture.
When the figurative element is a cultural metaphor.
When the syntax of the SL require it
When the meaning is too dim to translator
cut up sentences
Translation theory is pointless and sterile if it does not
arise from the problems of translation practice
When he believes in his language capacity
Apply word-for-word translation
method
transfer them with pun-words in TL
Use naturalness translation method
not to translate them
Apply Naturalisation
Translate by sentences wherever you
words if they are totally new with TL.
Translator should pay attention on
culture terms
have one fixed meaning have illustration for each word
we translate words all more or bound
of their syntactic, collocational,
We translate isolated words with their situational, cultural and individual
syntactic, collocational contexts. idiolectal contexts.
case-grammar
When meeting an archaic structure in
SL, the translator should focus on
transfer idea of a sentence only
use multi-meaning word
Including a statement of the author's
purpose
colloquialisms and jargons
communicative
a report
The entire sentence is an exclamation
and the quote is a question
manuals
get the gist. understand each metaphor.
Close reading is required to read words
out of context.
A hat
The translator can replace it by more
friendly one
when they make no sense
When it has a stock metaphor.
Whenever he/she wants.
When the figurative element is a stock
metaphor.
When the semantic function of the TL
require it
When the stylistic effect of verb
omission cannot be reproduced in the
target language
transpose clauses
Translation theory is pointless and
sterile if it does not arise from the
problems of translation practice, from
the need to stand back and reflect, to
consider all the factors, within the text
and outside it, before coming to a
decision.
A modified word
When ignorance or negligence appears
in SL writer' s, or when the appropriate
technical term does not exist in the SL,
and in particular if an object strange to
the SL but not to the TL culture is being
referred to.
Page 5 of 7
Translate the title first Apply adaptation method
translate them with idiomatic
technique converting metaphors to sense
Translate 1-to-1, he doesn’t have to
Use transference translation method recast the TL sentence
use adaptation method to translate
translate them them
Such words should first be translated,
with, if necessary, the transferred word
and the functional equivalent added in
brackets, until you are confident that
your readership recognises and Such words can be borrowed with
understands the word. explanation in blanket
Translate by sentences wherever you
can and always as literally whenever
you can get the general sense, and Translate by words , and then make
then make sure you have accounted sure you have accounted for each word
for each word in the SL text. in the SL text.
Translator should bear in mind both
Translator should apply effect the motivation and the cultural
equivalent in translating specialist
go with formula
We translate isolated phrases
CA, together with case-grammar equivalent effect
‘hot’ is used to describe something
When meeting an archaic structure in When meeting an archaic structure in
SL, the translator should use the word- SL, the translator should use the one-to-
for-word translation method one translation method
translate without explanation borrow them
characterization of the readership briefly state the topic or themes
Exclamations and fanaticisms Exclamations and exaggerations
adaptation Idiomatic
A forecast A news
The entire sentence is a statement and The entire sentence is an order and the
the quote is a question quote is a question
plays (comedies) and poetry News
understand collocations in the text.
Close reading is required reading words Close reading is required to understand
both in and out of context. every grammatical structure.
The top of a hat an iceberg
The translator has to reproduce it
scrupulously The translator put it in glossary
when they are cultural terms when they are historic terms
A good translator abandons a literal
version only when it is plainly inexact
or, in the case of a vocative or
informative text, badly written. When it contains many collocations
When the word is new with him. When the word goes with numbers.
When the figurative element is a cliche When the figurative element is
metaphor. universal and/or original.
When the semantic function of the SL
When the syntax of the TL require it require it
When translator wants to make his When translator wants to make his
own effect own mark
convert verbs to nouns Translate one-to-one
Translation theory is pointless and
sterile if it does not arise from
Translation theory is pointless and considering all the factors, within the
sterile if it does not arise from the text and outside it, before coming to a
need to stand back and reflect decision.
An adapted word A ‘loan word’
When he want to mark his own
When he is an expert in that field signature
 if there is misunderstanding words or
When should we apply contextual re-creation? if the meaning of a sentence is dim if the context relates to culture sentences if delegates are speaking off the cuff
When should we use literal translation? in a while-translation process in a pre-translation process in a post-translation process in criticizing translation
When translating for an American about weather
temperature, which is the best? It’s 100 Fahrenheit. It’s 38 degree It’s 100 degree It’s 38 Celsius.
When translating metalingual words what translation
method should we apply? Literal borrowing one-to-one Adaptation
Read and underline new words at the
Translating sentences by sentences same time; and read to get main ideas
Translate sentences by sentences. And Translate word then reading. And read the whole text first, then point out the meaning of Read the first paragraph then translate;
Which are the two approaches to translating? by word. then translate. new words. and read the whole text then translate

Which is an example of Authoritative statements? A dialogue Prime Minister’s statement A talk-show A text message of 2 friends
Which is best translation of the sentence : 'He went on
and on' ? Anh ấy đã nói không ngừng. Anh ấy tiếp tục. Anh ấy đi. Anh ấy đã tiếp tục.
Which is the most intimate expression? Short stories Lyrical poetry Novels Plays

The history of translation indicates that

translation took place as a way of
The history of translation indicates that The history of translation indicates that encouraging trade between countries
translation took place as a way of translation took place as a way of and a way of spreading messages
The history of translation has played an important role encouraging trade between countries encouraging trade between countries about religious beliefs and ideas
in bridging both the linguistic and cultural divide that and a way of spreading messages in and a way of spreading messages in formulated by early philosophers,
Which is TRUE about ‘The history of translation’? has long existed between countries. business. politics. academics, and thinkers.
Which one below doesn’t have characteristic format of
technical translation? An article about showbiz Notices Instructions Documentaries
Which one below has characteristic format of technical
translation? Poem Novel Song Manuals

Which one below is an example of translation shifts? shark => cá mập honey=>mật ong shark => kẻ cho vay nặng lãi flower=> hoa
Which one below is naturalization? Chuột túi Pê-đan Gấu trúc Bàn đạp
Which one below is NOT an example of through- It is borrowing technique to deal with
translation? science-fiction => khoa học viễn tưởng black market=> chợ đen terminology Market => thị trường
Which one below is not social culture terms? cricket hockey snooke game
Which one below may contain problems when The repetition of one grammar
translating technical texts? Words of the type semi-empty words structure Collocations Regional words

Which one below may contain problems when Unfamiliar apparently transparent
translating technical texts? The repetition of one grammar structure The repetition of word words with Greek or Latin morphemes It’s boring
Which one below should be transferred? A noun phrase Name of a movie star An exclamation A metaphor

Which one below should NOT be transferred? Name of country Name of a magazine Name of an international organization The sub-title of a book

Surprised at my reaction, she tried to

Which one is verbless clause in the sentence below? she tried to console me but I couldn't get better console me, but I couldn't get better Surprised at my reaction
Which SL has the use of full stop like in the given
sentence? British English Canadian Australian American English
transcribe words for the sake of local
Which thing below that drama translator can do? No explain puns Gloss ambiguities Explain cultural references colour
Which thing makes literal translation go beyond one-to-
one translation? metaphors rhetoricals culture equivalents literal equivalents
Which translation level does the translator need to use
grammar and lexis naturally? The textual level The referential level The cohesive level The naturalness level
Which translation level does the translator needs to
summarize in crude lay terms, to simplify at the risk of
over-simplification, to pierce the jargon, to penetrate
the fog of words? The textual level The referential level The cohesive level The naturalness level
Which translation level follows both the structure and
the moods of the text? The textual level The referential level The cohesive level The naturalness level
Which translation level that the translator mentally
sorts out the text? The textual level The referential level The cohesive level The naturalness level
Which translation level transpose the SL grammar into
their ‘ready’ TL equivalents? The textual level The referential level The cohesive level The naturalness level
Which translation methods that fulfil the main aims of semantic translation and free Idiomatic translation and Faithful semantic and communicative
translation? Word-for-word translation and adaptation translation translation translation

Which translation procedure concerned with grammar? Descriptive equivalence Functional equivalence Cultural equivalence Transpositions
Which type of text below is the second most difficult
literary form? Short story Poetry Novel Science research
Which type of text below the importance of word is
greatest? Poetry Short story Novel Science research
Which type of text of which cohesion is closer? short story poem novel dialogue and speech
Which word below is not cultural term relating to
clothes? Pants basque skirt shintigin trousers bra
Which word below is not cultural term relating to
clothes? Sari Yukata Bohemian skirt Blouse

Their diffusion depends on the importance of their

Why are some words relating to foods transferred? country of origin as well as their degree of specificity. They show their ranking. To show their professional level They are unique.

It is more a process of explanation,

Why do many theorists believe that everything is
translatable, and linguistic difficulties do not exist?
Why do rhetorical questions frequently be translated
into statements?
Why do translators come back to literal translation?
Why do we need aesthetic function?
It is a process of explanation
to summarize an argument, or to introduce a fresh
subject
because one has got used to the sound of what at first
seemed so strange and unnatural
This is a language designed to please the senses.
It is a transformation of words
to generalize ideas, then to introduce a
new subject.
it’s the best translation method
This is a language designed to the
descript actual sound.
interpretation and reformulation of
ideas than a transformation of words;
that the role of language is secondary,
it is merely a vector or carrier of
It transfers thoughts. thoughts.
to generalize ideas to introduce a new subject.
it helps transfer the message of SL because there is no equivalent in TL
This is a language designed to describe This is a language designed to apply
imagined sound. metaphors.

Why does critic compare the translation with the To consider how the translator has solved the particular To identify the how exact the meaning To identify if there is something To see how the punctuations are
original? problems of the SL text. of key words or key terms missing transferred
Page 6 of 7
Why does Newmark advice translators do not discuss
the author's life, other works, or general background?
Why does translator rarely meet translation problem
when translating social culture terms?
Why is componential analysis (CA) used when dealing
with synonyms?
Why may the original SL writer use a descriptive term
for a technical object?
Why may the original SL writer use a descriptive term
for a technical object?
Why may the original SL writer use a descriptive term
for a technical object?
Why question tags appear in a sentence?
Why short story translation is easier than only poetry
translation?
Why should translator transferred ecological terms?
Why should we use back-translation test?
Why should we use FSP?
Why translator has to read the original text before
translating it?
they make translators forget the intension of author
since the words can be ignored
To identify the function of each word
to show professional
the descriptive term is being used as a familiar
alternative, to avoid repetition
to show professional
to check information
Since the line is no longer a unit of meaning, translated
version is likely to be somewhat longer than the
original
They are a part of SL country.
To identify the validity of literal translation
To examine the arrangement of the elements of a
sentence
The translator reads the original to identify all difficult
words before translating.
they affect how translators appreciate they don’t help translators to
or assess the translation
since the words can be transferred,
one-to-one translation
To choose one of them
it's mandatory
it’s name of the object
it's mandatory
to show that the information is not
new
Since there are less metaphor than in
poem
They makes style of the text.
To check words order
To determine its function within the
paragraph and the text
The translator reads the original to
identify the tone of the text and field
of text.
Page 7 of 7
understand the text
since the words can be understand in
context
To know when can explicit them
to emphasize the object
it's mandatory
he wants to mark his own signature
to keep a flagging conversation going
Since most sentences are full
Since translator can do free translation completed ones
Their familiarity is a function of the
importance and geographical or
political proximity of their countries.
To check meaning of single word
To examine the arrangement of the
elements of a sentence in the light of
its linguistic, situational and cultural
context, determining its function
within the paragraph and the text
The translator reads the original to
identify the tone of the text.
they make translators forget the
intension of the SL text
since everyone knows those words
To differentiate SL synonyms in context
the descriptive term is being used to
make a contrast with another one
he wants to mark his own signature
the object is new, and has not yet got a
name
to repeat the previous information
They are unique.
To check grammar
To examine the situational and cultural
context
The translator reads the original for
two purposes: first, to understand
what it is about; second, to analyze it
from a 'translator's’ point of view.