STAGE 9

UNIT 4: SCIENCE

Reading Passage 1: The Intricacies of the Common Cold

Throughout history, humans have been plagued by a myriad of diseases, but one of the most universal and
familiar is the common cold. This ailment, while not deadly, can be particularly bothersome, especially
when it strikes at inconvenient times.

The common cold, scientifically termed as a viral upper respiratory tract infection, has been a persistent
thorn in the side of humanity. Despite being subjected to decades of research, we are yet to find a cure.
This is primarily because the cold isn't caused by just one virus. Over 200 different viruses can result in
the symptoms we recognize as the common cold. The rhinovirus is the most notorious among these,
responsible for nearly half of all cold infections.

Symptoms of the cold are all too familiar: a scratchy throat that feels as if it's lined with sandpaper,
incessant sneezing that can test anyone’s patience, a runny nose that seems to defy the laws of physics
with its output, and a cough that disrupts any semblance of peace. While these symptoms are generally
mild, they can be debilitating for the elderly or those with compromised immune systems.

So, how does this pesky ailment spread? The cold is incredibly contagious. An infected person releases
tiny droplets into the air when they cough or sneeze. These droplets can be inhaled by people nearby.
Alternatively, the virus can survive on surfaces for hours, meaning that touching a contaminated
doorknob and then touching your face can result in an infection.

Many have turned to vitamin C, echinacea, and other remedies in the hopes of either preventing or
shortening the duration of a cold. While some studies suggest a potential benefit, the results are
inconsistent. The best preventive measures are still the most basic: regular hand washing, avoiding close
contact with sick individuals, and keeping one's immune system in top shape through a balanced diet and
exercise.

OPTION 1:

Exercise 1:
True or False:
a. The common cold can be caused by over 200 different viruses. TRUE
b. Only the elderly experience symptoms of the common cold. FALSE
c. The rhinovirus is responsible for about half of all cold infections. TRUE
d. Touching a contaminated surface cannot result in a cold. FALSE

Exercise 2:
Fill in the blanks:
The common cold is known scientifically as a viral upper respiratory infection. The most notorious virus
causing the common cold is rhinovirus.

List three symptoms of the common cold.

1. A scratchy throat
2. A runny nose
3. A cough

OPTION 2:

Exercise 1:

1. Why has finding a cure for the common cold been challenging?
2. How can one potentially reduce the risk of catching a cold?
3. Summarize the passage in your own words in 3-4 sentences.