Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PR2 Notes
PR2 Notes
- analyze certain effect of physical activity in weight - Narrow down your topics which you are most
control interested in
- Make sure you have enough resources for your
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND MEDICAL
topic
EDUCATION
- Check references from the library
- predominantly observational research based on - Master the skill of finding the right research topic
surveys and correlational studies
How to design research that is useful in daily life
- the design test interventions like curriculum,
teaching-learning process for assessment with an Business research paper topics
experimental group Crime and law research paper
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND BEHAVIORAL Drug and drug abuse research paper
SCIENCES Education research paper topics
Environmental research paper
- tend to explore how one behavior exhibited by
Family issues research topic
people is related to other types of behavior
Health research paper topic
- explore questions of differences or questions of Political issues research topic
relationships, in an attempt to uncover certain Psychology research topic
patterns of behavior. And when they found one Business related research
then they are in the position to draw generalizations Women and gender research
about patterns expected of human behavior
Local problems and issues
Examples The Nature of variables
- verbally aggressive behaviors related to physical VARIABLE
aggression
- a measurable characteristic that varies and - it has two or more categories but does not imply
change from group to group, person to person, are ordering of cases
within one person over time Examples
- It is something we can control or manipulate
Eye color
- the word is derived from the root word vary, Business type
meaning changing in amount, volume, number, Religion
form, nature or type.
Biological sex
Type of variables Political affiliation
- a subtype of nominal scale with only two
1. CONTINUOUS VARIABLES
categories just like sex is known as dichotomous
- can take infinite number on the value that can
b. ORDINAL VARIABLE
occur within the population
- Represent categories that can be ordered from
Examples
greatest to smallest
Age - Has two or more categories which can be ranked
Height
Examples
Temperature
a. INTERVAL VARIABLES Education level
Income brackets
- has values that lie along an evenly dispersed range c. DICHOTOMOUS VARIABLE
of numbers
- are nominal variables which have only two
- a measurement where the difference between
categories or level
two variables does have meaning
Examples Examples
-: confounding factors is another used name for 3. Describe the current (relevant) hot topics in the
extraneous variable field
How to write a research title 4. Describes the specific area will you be with
searching in the field
- it must be something you are interested in
5. Tell how your research will add to the field
Guide in making research topics
6. Describe your research as answers to research
1. Discovering, narrowing, and focusing a questions you have been assigned to research
researchable topic
7. Explain what you will do in your research to test
2. Finding, selecting and reading sources your hypothesis or demonstrate your model
3. Groupings, sequencing undocumented 8. Summarize your the current research base in
information your specific area of interest and highlight any gaps
A. Five simple steps to write a good title in the research that you plan to address with your
research
Step 1
Characteristics of a good background of the study
Ask yourself about the basic questions and note
your answers 1. Concise
- not be written too long How to structure quantitative research question
- avoid including too many citations4 including Step 1
detailed tables graph or figures unless necessary. Choose the type of quantitative research question
2. Clearly written given descriptive, comparative, or relationship you
are trying to create.
- going straight to the point
Step 2
- should be written using simple, easy to understand
Identify the different types of variable you are trying
words with a minimum of complicated terminology
to measure, manipulate, and/or troll as well as any
or jargon.
group you may be interested in
3. Persuasive
Step 3
- should be written in a way that will convince Select the appropriate structure for the chosen type
readers that the study is interesting, important, and of quantitative research question based on the
worth reading variable or groups involved
- avoid overly making your study appear overly
Step 4
complicated or exaggerating its importance
Write out the problem or issue you are trying to
A. What are Research Problem
address in the form of a complete research question
- fundamental core of a research is the research Common types of research question and
question quantitative search
- focuses the study , determines the methodology, A. Descriptive research questions
and guides all stages of inquiry, analysis, and
- seek to objectively describe particular
reporting
characteristics or attributes of a person, group,
- statement that identifies the phenomenon to be institution, or phenomenon
studied
Example
Example
Question : How many calories does the average
What resources are helpful to new and minority american consume per day?
drug abuse researchers? Variable : daily intake of calories
Group : a sample group of 1,200 americans,
adjusted for gender, race, and generational
1. What is a good research question?
proportions
- sets out what you hope to learn about the topic B. Comparative research questions
and will guide and structure this choice of data to
- compare two or more characteristics or attributes
be collected and analyzed
of two or more persons, groups, institutions, or
2. Tips in creating a research question phenomenon.
- involve comparing the similarities or differences
Relevant
between variables, or determining which has a
Manageable in terms of research and in
greater value or lesser value
terms of your own academic abilities
Substantial and with original dimension Example
Clear and simple Question : despite similar socio-economic and
Interesting political growth trajectories in the 1970s how was
B. How to state the research question south korea able to sustain it's rise in economic
Step 1 development
Ask yourself questions about the basics Dependent variable : economic development
Step 2 Group : South korea and Philippines
A strong research ideas should pass the "so what" C. Relational research questions
test
- seek to understand the relationship between two
Step 3 or more aspects or characteristics of one or more
A research focus should be narrow and not broad persons, groups, institutions, or phenomenon
based
- being investigated can be simple association, 1. Outline the basic facts of the problem
interaction, or causation 2. Explain why the problem matters
Example 3. Pinpoint a solution as quickly and directly as
Question : does a Filipino's socio-economic class possible
affect the likelihood of supporting the What is the goal of a statement of a problem?
implementation of death penalty in the country?
- to transform a generalized problem into a targeted
Dependent variable : attitude towards death well-defined problem one that can be solved
penalty through focused research and careful decision
Independent variable : respondent's socio- making
economic class - will help you identify the purpose of the project
Group : a sample size proportionally representative you will propose
of the Philippine population - serves as the basis for the introductory section of
What makes a good research question? your final proposal
- research question is the heart of the study - should not be long and windy emphasize that one
Characteristic page is more than enough
1. It should clarify what information needs to be What are the key characteristics of a statement of
gathered the problem
3. It's a b complex and not terminal 2. Be significant enough to contribute to the existing
body of research
4. It should be relevant
3. Be one that will lead to more research
5. It should be practical
4. Render itself to be investigated via collection of
The scope and delimitation of the study
data
A. What is scope and limitation of study
- are two elements of research that inform the
5. Be interesting to the researcher and suit one's
reader what information is included in the research
skills, time and resources
and explain why the author chose that information
6. Be ethical
1. Scope
Elements of SOP
- a section of a research paper that explains what
information or subject is being analyzed 1. Main tasks