Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University
College of Accountancy, Business, Economics and International
Hospitality Management
Pablo Borbon Campus
Rizal Avenue Extension, Batangas City

PEDIKASYON PROGRAM FOR THE SEA NOMADS CHILDREN WITH FINANCIAL

CONSTRAINTS IN BARANGAY MALITAM, BATANGAS CITY

SEMESTRAL PROJECT
IN GEd 102 – MATHEMATICS IN THE MODERN WORLD

Bachelor of Science in Accountancy

Submitted by:
GROUP 7

Mendoza, Kervin Kyllee D.

Perez, Izy Paulyn A.
Tapia, Amanda Claire I.

Submitted to:
Asst. Prof. AMELIA D. COMIA
December 2022
I. THE PROBLEM

BACKGROUND OF THE PROBLEM

Since kindergarten is when a child's absorptive capacity for learning is at its peak, kindergarten
education is crucial to a Filipino child's academic and technical development. It is state policy to use
the proper teaching and learning languages to make education learner-focused and responsive to
learners' needs, cognitive and cultural abilities, circumstances, and diversity in schools and
communities. Primary education offers learning and educational activities that are typically created to
give students basic skills in reading, writing, and mathematics (literacy and numeracy). This
foundational knowledge is then built upon to help students learn and understand other core subjects
and help them grow as individuals. On the work of Antoninis M. and Montoya S. (2022), as many
students return to school worldwide in 2022, UNESCO released the most recent statistics on the
number of youth and children who are not in school. As per information provided by the Department
of Education-National Capital Region (DepEd-NCR), 3.3 million of the 7.3 million children who do not
receive an education are below the age of 12, with the remaining four million aged 12 and older. It is
allegedly due to ongoing life struggles and rising tuition costs at various institutions, schools, and
private educational establishments.

Furthermore, Senator Juan Edgardo "Sonny" Angara argued that the issue of out-of-school youth
(OSY) requires more attention, particularly when their numbers are rising due to the Covid-19
pandemic's effects on education. Numerous global crises, such as poverty, population growth,
economic problems, and threats to human health, are felt and impact many Filipino children. Even
though these people are affected by the system, the government still does not address it. For
instance, because parents typically lack the resources necessary to support their children's
education, low-income households or those at the bottom of society suffer greatly and receive
insufficient education.

University of the Philippines Los Baños (2016) analyzes that a Sea Nomads (Badjao) community
began with only two families in Malitam, Batangas City, two decades ago. There are over 200
families in the Badjao community in Batangas City's Barangays Malitam and Wawa. The Badjao are
a Muslim ethnic group known as the Philippines' sea gypsies. The majority of them came from
Mindanao and the Philippines' southern islands. The Badjao community is located near the mouth of
the Calumpang River, which flows into Batangas Bay. The illiteracy of the Badjao community in
Malitam, Batangas City, is the issue with this project proposal. The older Badjao generation lacks
literacy because their parents did not send them to school, and respondents claimed 1
they could not read and write. They frequently relocate due to conflict in some Zamboanga, Jolo, and
Basilan areas. Moreover, they reside far from areas with schools and close to water. They stop
attending school because they lack the financial resources to pay for their daily necessities to access
and attend the academic institution. Another reason is Badjaos experienced discrimination and was
labeled as having a low emotional quotient, poor hygiene, and slow learners. They have difficulty
interacting with others and expressing their ideas and needs due to language barriers. They lack
moral and financial support to continue their education (Lestado, 2014). Thus, this program,
"PediKasyon," which means delivering education through electric pedicabs, will assist many Badjaos
in continuing their education even if they did not attend school. We, the program, will go to each side
of the Malitam to look for children who appear to be in school and want to learn.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The Pedikasyon Program for Sea Nomads (Badjao) Children with Financial Constraints in Barangay
Malitam, Batangas City '' aims to eliminate the suffering, financial issues, and the problem of sea
nomads children due to the lack of knowledge in various academic subjects and lectures.
Respectively, this project proposal seek to answer and pursue responses and interpretation to the
following questions:

1. How can the PediKasyon Program create opportunities for Sea Nomads (Badjao) children of
Malitam, Batangas City to receive free education?

2. What are the teaching methods and learning aids for education that are to be conducted by the
Street educators to engage and give entertainment to the out-of-school sea nomads children in
barangay Malitam in Batangas City? 2.1 Group Discussion and Brainstorming
2.2 Demonstration and Role/Drama Play
2.3 Field Visit and Games
2.4 Role/Drama Play

3. What out-of-school Sea Nomads (Badjao) children can acquire during street education?

II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Based on the study of EduBirdie™ (2022), financial problems faced by students are known as not
having enough money for their daily expenses, where money worries are causing them stress.
Following that, economic issues will have an impact on both 2
mental and physical health. According to Halliday Wynes (2014), a student's financial situation
influences their commitment to learning and academic performance. Furthermore, due to inflation
and the trade war, most of the country is in recession, and the number of students experiencing
financial difficulties is rising.

According to Tamayo (2019), since Badjaos do not have a formal education and have lived in the
Philippines for a significant amount of time, their living status is significantly lower than that of
mainstream Filipinos. In Batangas City, it is not uncommon to see Badjaos strolling the streets, and
they can also be discovered in pockets along the canals that run through the city. This movement,
which is today considered to be a social phenomenon, is affected by the push and pull factors in
society; additional effort is required to improve the health and well-being of these indigenous peoples
(IPs)
In addition, according to Paz Oroyan, a teacher in the Alternative Learning Program, "Education is
critical since the majority of children are illiterate, and the majority of parents cannot help their
children learn to read and write." When Paz began working with Badjao Bridge in September of last
year, she brought a good attitude and a creative bent to her lesson plans, as she was an experienced
educator. She also agreed with the organization's mission to increase literacy rates. Since she was
born and raised in the neighboring Visayan village, she became accustomed to the lifestyle and
expectations of the Badjao people. However, because she works with out-of-school youngsters, she
believes this to be the most challenging teaching position she has ever held.
Nevertheless, according to Edmund Rice Development (n.d.), the Sama-Badjao tribe is one of the
several ethnic groupings in the Philippines. They are also generally known as "Sea Gypsies." Dolho,
located in Bato Leyte, is home to one of the Philippines' most prominent Badjao populations. There
are 109 Badjao dwellings in this town, which is home to 658 Badjao individuals (as of a 2016 survey).
The Bato Leyte Sama-Badjao community has been subjected to inequality, prejudice, and high
unemployment rates, all of which have led to the region's high poverty rates. In the Philippines, the
Edmund Rice Ministries have devised a program to aid those in need. Everyone participated in a
comprehensive community-wide assessment as the initial step, and one hundred nine family heads
representing all of the homes were polled. It was decided that inhabitants would substantially benefit
from improved access to toilets, running water, and economic prospects.

Correspondingly, the Cabanatuan City's Central Transport Terminal of Cabanatuan City and the
streets of the main town served as the regular domicile of the Bajao people during the early ascent of
the Bajao people in Nueva Ecija. Because of the high concentration of Badjao families, the agency of
the Department of Social 3
Welfare and Development, or the DSWD, launched a new housing and development
initiative in early 2017 [6] with 391 Badjao households as its test subjects. Sama-
Badjaos' Department of Social Welfare and Development's Basic Needs Shelter
Program (CSAP). As a result of the initiative, the standard of living of Badjao citizens
and their offspring has risen and become more respectable.

Furthermore, the Badjao people are well-known for their extraordinary diving
prowess, especially in the deepest oceans and without the aid of any specialized
equipment. Though Badjaos can be found all around Davao City, the official population
count has them at their highest in Brgy. 23-C. Badjaos make ends meet in the city
through various means, including fishing and selling used goods. Even the youngsters
suffer since they are largely excluded from the labor force and have poor access to food
necessary for their growth and development.

III. METHODOLOGY

RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY

In this study, the researchers will be involved with a total of 20 respondents. The
ten respondents are the parents of the Badjao in Malitam, Batangas City, and the rest
are the ten children in Malitam, Batangas City, who want to study.
 DATA TO BE COLLECTED
The essential information obtained from the questionnaire will be used by the
proposer to manually determine the number of students who cannot attend school due
to financial constraints. The information gathered is based on the answers of the Badjao,
either parents or children, because they can answer the provided questions. We will also
collect information from barangay officials with records on the Badjaos.

METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

The researchers used an exploratory methodology by reviewing available
literature, including journal articles and related research papers in the field, to assess
the needs of Sea Nomads (Badjao) children with financial constraints. It permits
researchers to complementarity to collect data from the participants. In anticipation of
participants’ response rates, the researchers maintained a highly professional working
environment, utilizing a traditional collection of data such as questionnaires and surveys,
documents and records, and interviews and observation based on the solution to the
particular challenges described in the statement of the problem. In completing the
survey, respondents’ participation was offered voluntarily, with absolute confidentiality,
and at no financial cost.

4
DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENT
The survey questionnaire will gather the necessary information for the study.
It is a tool or device for securing an answer to the set of questions formulated and
adopted by the researcher. The researchers will conduct information surveys among the
Badjao parents and children in Malitam, Batangas City. It will help the researchers to
assemble additional information and concepts regarding the proposed project about the
PediKasyon. The overview was scored based on what the respondents would conclude.

Construction of the Questionnaire. The items for the questionnaire will be

derived from our study's related topics. Each member of the project proposal team will
give an idea for a question to ask in a survey. The questionnaire will be completed and
submitted to the research adviser, who will proceed with a problem statement between
items. It is also present for comments, feedback, corrections, and enhancements.

Validation of the Questionnaire. The proposer will test the questionnaire. The
adviser for Mathematics in the Modern World will see it for the item's improvements,
suggestions, and corrections. The questionnaire has to fulfill the goal for which it was
designed, and the researchers will meet with the research adviser for additional
suggestions and critical feedback on the study.

Administration of the Questionnaire. Before administering the questionnaire,

the researcher lists all potential respondents to gather information. After a list of likely
respondents is created, the researcher will distribute the questionnaire and ask the
respondents to complete it using Google Forms. The researcher will wait a few minutes
after the respondents finish answering the questionnaire before checking the responses
to ensure they are correct.

Scoring of Responses. The score and rate of the reply from the respondent's
reactions will be counted. The analysts will utilize the study to analyze a four-point scale
to score the respondents' benefits.

Score Range Verbal Interpretation

1 3.50 - 4.00 Strongly Agree

2 2.60 - 3.49 Agree

3 1.50 - 2.59 Moderately Agree

4 1.00 - 1.49 Disagree

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

5
The researcher will undergo a series of steps to obtain the essential data. The
proposer will begin by compiling a list of their respondents and conducting a survey with
them. The questionnaire will be delivered to the respondents after the necessary
information about the respondents is gathered.To conduct the survey, the proposer will
first request permission from the authorized person through a personal letter requesting
permission to conduct a survey of 20 people. The researchers will give the questionnaire
equally when the request is approved.

The proposers will individually distribute the questionnaire to explain the

statement to be replied to and collect information that is extremely useful to the study.
After that, the questionnaire is retrieved as soon as the responders complete their
responses. The proposers will then anticipate gathering all the relevant information and
organizing the answers to each inquiry. The information will be tabulated, summarized,
and totaled. Finally, the research adviser will provide the data for approval and
comments.

METHODS OF ANALYSES/ STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA All the

responses will be reflected on the questionnaire and recorded on a data sheet. To
determine the accuracy and effectiveness of the data, it will be treated with the use of
the following statistical tools:

Frequency. It will be used to distribute the demographic profile of the

respondents concerning age and gender.
 Percentage/Ranking. It will be used to determine the frequency counts and
percentage distribution of personal-related variables among the respondents.

Weighted Mean. It will be used to describe the satisfaction of respondents.

IV. DISCUSSION OF HOW PROJECT PROPOSAL CAN ADDRESS THE IDENTIFIED

PROBLEM / SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT PROPOSAL

In the face of various global crises, many young Filipinos are affected by this
system, especially the Badjao community, where many children lack access to
educational learning. The milieu in which Badjaos have grown up makes it difficult for
them to complete their education. Most Badjaos are frequently spotted on the streets as
beggars because they struggle to adapt to modern life. Begging money for them is never
humiliating and shameful because the Badjaos regard it as a job; it is reasonable for
them to do it, and they are unaware that it is against various city rules. Moreover, it is

6
one of the hindrances and burdens for them. Instead of studying, they choose to earn
money rather than go to school (Abelgas et al., 2019).

With the problem mentioned regarding a vast number of the Sea Nomads
(Badjaos) not participating in education programs due to the financial crisis caused by
the extreme poverty and unwanted stigma attached to the Badjao people, the Students
of the Bachelor of Science in Accountancy Block 1104 Group 8 at the Batangas State
University proposed a project called "Pedikasyon Program for the Sea Nomads Children
(Badjao) children with Financial Constraints in Barangay Malitam, Batangas City." It is a
free education delivered through electric pedicabs, carrying learning materials,
documents, and other resources for the Badjao children. The guide of volunteers/social
workers and street educators will help in meeting the goal and the rights of the young
Badjaos to have enough skills, experience, and knowledge they will need for their future.
Also, learning aids that are either visual or auditory assist children in practical and
interactive learning, such as multimedia presentations, photographs, posters, objects,
storytelling, music, and recordings of conversations. Along with the different teaching
method for street education that gives everyone a chance to take part in the discussion,
shows their practical skills, permits them to encounter actual situations, explores their
hidden talents to outline, act out and discuss, and acquire many thoughts and come up
with the ideas. Therefore, it is critical for Sea Nomads (Badjao) children to achieve the
right to education, have a positive outlook on life, get sufficient knowledge to protect
themselves, and avoid having their lives ruined due to various types of abuse and
discrimination they experience. It is also appropriate for them to collect a lot of
awareness about the reality they undergo to make efficient decisions and be Badjao
children with dreams and aspirations.
 The Pedikasyon Program for the Sea Nomads Children (Badjao Children) with
Financial Constraints in Barangay Malitam, Batangas City, has significance in paving the
way to free learning for Filipino kids. Communicate information, hope, and experience to
kids who don't have the money to support their education. Implement basic educational
techniques, life skills training, and a free volunteer tutoring program for residents of
Malitam. The project proposal is crucial to demonstrate its ability to develop young
people's talent and skills, build confidence and self-esteem, and offer meaning to their
roles as youth and citizens of the country. It can pursue and gain the willingness to go
back to school for Badjao children by seeing the value of education in fighting against
poverty, giving them a drive and interest to strive harder to achieve and accomplish it.

7
V. REFERENCES
Antoninis M. and Montoya S. (2022). New measurement shows that 244 million children
and youth are out of school.https://world-education-blog.org/2022/09/01/new-
measurement-shows-tha t-244-million-children-and-youth-are-out-of-school/

Abelgas, Pilapil, A., Etcuban, & Tenerife, L. (2019, September 19). Determinants of Sea
Gypsies School Leavers in the Philippines
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336025769_Determinants_of_Sea_Gyp
sies_School_Leavers_in_the_Philippines

Badjao Bridge ( 2016, August 23) THE GIFT OF LEARNING. Retrived from
https://www.badjaobridge.org/blog/the-gift-of-learning

ChildHope Philippine (2021, August 25). Education Issues in the Philippines: The
Ongoing Struggle.ChildHope Philippines. https://childhope.org.ph/education-
issues-in-the-philippines/

EduBirdie (2022). The Impact Of Financial Problems On College Student Performance.

https://edubirdie.com/examples/the-impact-of-financial-problems-on-college-stud
ent-performance

Joanneflestado.wordpress (July 11,2014) RESEARCH INITIATIVE IN BADJAO

COMMUNITY HELD https://joanneflestado.wordpress.com/tag/10-problems-in-
badjao-community/#:~:t ext=Unstable%20source%20of%20income%20and,are
%20threats%20to%20thei r%20livelihood.

Ma. R. Tamayo, & I. An (October 17, 2019) Interventions to Improve the Quality of Life
of the Badjaos In Batangas City, Philippines
http://apjeas.apjmr.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/APJEAS-2019.6.4.06.pdf
Pennington. (2017, March 21). Education, inequality, poverty – a paradox in the
Philippines | ASEAN Today. ASEAN Today | Daily Commentaries Covering
ASEAN Business, Fintech, Economics, and Politics.
https://www.aseantoday.com/2017/03/education-inequality-poverty-a-paradox-in-t
he-philippines/

University of Los Banos Philippines (2017). Life of the Badjaos in Barangay Malitam,
Batangas City https://sesam.uplb.edu.ph/news/life-of-the-badjaos-in-barangay-
malitam-batanga s-city/