ASSESS THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING

POLY CYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT

SELECTED COLLEGES IN ERNAKULAM.

ANAS T N

ANJITHA M A

ARANYA MADHU

ARYA KRISHNAN

KAVYA C V

SANTHI P P

SREELEKSHMI S

SREESHMA C K

SUNIL RAJ

SIMET COLLEGE OF NURSING, PALLURUTHY, ERNAKULAM

RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED ON PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF POST BASIC BSc NURSING

KERALA UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCE

2023
1
 ASSESS THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE REGARDING POLY CYSTIC
OVARIAN SYNDROME AMONG ADOLESCENT GIRLS AT SELECTED
COLLEGES IN ERNAKULAM.

By

Anas T N

Anjitha M A

Aranya Madhu

Arya Krishnan

Kavya C V

Santhi P P

Sreelekshmi S

Sreeshma C K

Sunil Raj

in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of post basic

BSc nursing under the guidance of

Mrs. Kabini S

(Senior lecturer)

SI-MET College of Nursing

Palluruthy

2023

2
 DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATES.
We hereby declared that this research project entitled “Assess the level of knowledge
regarding Poly cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls at selected colleges in
Ernakulam.” is bona-fide and genuine research work carried out by us under the guidance of
Mrs. Kabini. S, Senior lecturer, SI-MET college of Nursing, Palluruthy.

Name of candidates
Mr. Anas T.N
Mrs. Anjitha M.A
Ms. Aranya Madhu
Mrs. Arya Kishna
Mrs. Kavya C.V
Ms. Santhi P.P
Mrs. Sreelekshmi S
Ms. Sreeshma C.K
Palluruthy Mr. Sunil Raj

3
 CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE
This is to certify that this research project entitled Assess the level of knowledge regarding Poly
cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls at selected colleges in Ernakulam” is a
bona-fide research work done by Mr. Anas T.N, Mrs. Anjitha M.A, Ms. Aranya Madhu, Mrs. Arya
Krishna, Mrs. Kavya C.V, Ms. Santhi P.P, Mrs. Sreelekshmi S, Ms. Sreeshma C.K, Mr. Sunil Raj in
partial fulfilment of the requirement for degree in bachelor of science in Nursing.

Mrs. Kabini S
Senior lecturer
Palluruthy SI-MET college of Nursing Palluruthy

4
 ENDORSEMENT BY THE HEAD OF THE INSTITUTION

This is to certify that this research project entitled Assess the level of knowledge regarding Poly
cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls at selected colleges in Ernakulam” is a
bona-fide research work done by Mr. Anas T.N, Mrs. Anjitha M.A, Ms. Aranya Madhu, Mrs. Arya
Krishna, Mrs. Kavya C.V, Ms. Santhi P.P, Mrs. Sreelekshmi S, Ms. Sreeshma C.K, Mr. Sunil Raj in
partial fulfilment of the requirement for degree in bachelor of science in Nursing.

Professor. Maggi Xavier

Principal
SI-MET college of nursing
Palluruthy Palluruthy

5
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We owe a deep sense of gratitude to whoever contributed to the

accomplishment of this study. First of all we praise and thank loving lord almighty for his
abundant grace and blessings upon us to carry out this study successfully.
We take this opportunity to express our deep sense of gratitude to Prof. Maggie Xavier
principal of SI-MET college of Nursing, Palluruthy, Ernakulam for giving directions throughout
the study.
This study has been completed under the guidance of Mrs. Kabini S, Senior lecturer of
SI-MET college of Nursing, Palluruthy, We thank madam for you inspiration, enduring patience,
continuous support, valuable suggestions, from the inception to the completion of the research.
We gladly express our sincere thanks to Mrs. Rani G S, Vice principal, class co-ordinator,
for giving kind support and constructive suggestions for our research project.
We also thanks Mrs. Jimmy mol Jose, Mrs. Jasline P George, Senior lectures of SI-MET
College of Nursing, Palluruthy, Dr. Lajitha (Gynaecologist, Govt. Taluk hospital, Palluruthy), for
validating our research tool.
We express our warm appreciation and thanks to Mr. Vipin Xavier, Lecturer in Statistics,
SI-MET college of Nursing, Palluruthy, for his guidance.
We would like to thank all the subjects who participated in the study for their
cooperation. Without them, it would have been impossible.
We owe our sincere thanks to librarian and the office staffs for effectively handling their
role in our study.
We extend our heartly thanks to our beloved parents, dear ones, and well-wishers for
their constant support, prayer, encouragement, and financial assistance.
Last but not least, we thank our classmates who helped us to overcome all the obstacles
and complete the research study within the limited period of time.

With heartfelt gratitude, Mr. Anas T.N

Mrs. Anjitha M.A
Ms. Aranya Madhu

6
 Mrs. Arya Krishna
Mrs. Kavya C.V
Ms. Santhi P.P
Mrs. Sreelekshmi S
Ms. Sreeshma C.K
Palluruthy Mr. Sunil Raj

7
 ABSTRACT
The present study was aimed to assess the knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent girls at
selected colleges in Ernakulam. The objectives of the study were to assess knowledge regarding
Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome among adolescent girls in the age group of 18 & 19 years, and to
find out the association of knowledge and selected Socio-Personal variables. A descriptive
research design and purposive sampling technique were adopted for the study. The sample size
was 60. The tool used for the study was questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding PCOS
among adolescent girls.
The major findings of the study are, majority (53.33%) of the subjects had average knowledge,
(46.66%) of the subjects had poor knowledge and (0%) had good knowledge regarding PCOS.

8
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Tables
List of Figures
List of Appendices

9
CHAPTERS TITLE PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 14-17

2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE 18-21

3 METHODOLOGY 22-24

4 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA 25-33

5 RESULT 34-36

6 DICUSSION, SUMMARY, AND CONCLUSION 37-40

REFERENCE 41-42

10
 LIST OF TABLES

SI TITLE
NO PAGE NO

Frequency and percentage distribution of 27-30

1 samples according to socio personal
variables
Association between level of knowledge 32
2 and age of adolescent girls

Association between level of knowledge 33

3 and year of study

11
 LIST OF FIGURES

SI NO PAGE NO
TITLE
31
Pie diagram showing Percentage
1 distribution of adolescent girls based on
their level of knowledge

12
 LIST OF APPENDICES

SR NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 Permission letter for pilot study 43

2 Permission letter for main study 44

3 List of content validation experts 45

4 Informed consent 46

5 Research tool 47-59

6 Answer key 60

7 Pamphlet 61-62

13
 CHAPTER 𝑰
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study

Need and significance of the study

Statement of the problem

Objectives of the study

Operational definition

Conceptual framework
Assumption
Hypothesis

14
 INTRODUCTION
"Never Choose Indifference-Choose to fight".
“Learning is the beginning of wealth,

Learning is the beginning of health,

Learning is the beginning of spirituality,

Searching and learning is where the miracle process all begins”.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing

and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is a dynamic condition resulting from
a body’s constant adjustments.

Adolescent, Young people between the age group of 10-19years

are often thought of a healthy group. Adolescent have to be focused more as it is a period of
rapid physical, sexual, and physiological change, but they are at risk for various health problems
in the course of their physical, and psychological development, out of which Poly Cystic Ovarian
Disease is a systematic, complex, disorder that needs to be actively managed by them for the
rest of their life. They need to go to deeper level and develop certain health practices that will
help their body to naturally minimize the symptoms and long-term risk of Poly Cystic Ovarian
Disease.

PCOS was described as early as 1935. However, even today there is

a general lack of awareness regarding this condition in India and it often remains undetected
for years. This health condition is estimated to affect about 10 million women globally.

Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a health problem affects

one in 10 women of childbearing age. Women with PCOS have a hormonal imbalance and
metabolism. Problems that may affect their overall health and appearance. PCOS is also a
common and treatable cause of Infertility. The condition affects an estimated 8-13% of women
of reproductive age, and up to 70% of cases are undiagnosed.

The prevalence rate of PCOS is high among Indian women. The

pooled prevalence of PCOS was close to 10% using Rotterdam’s criteria and AES criteria, while it
was 5.8% using NIH criteria. The study overall finding emphasizes the need for more acceptable
and uniform diagnostic criteria for screening PCOS.

15
 BACKGROUND
Adolescent period is the transition stage between childhood and
adult. Adolescent girls face many health problems during this phase due to their hormonal
changes. Also, there are various menstrual problems are faced by girls, out of which PCOS is a
condition which has got an increased incidence now a days. Poly cystic ovarian syndrome is
characterized as a disorder involving irregular menstrual cycle, infertility, obesity, and over
production of testosterone.

Poly cystic ovarian syndrome is a condition in which women has

an imbalance of female sex hormone. This may lead to changes in the menstrual cycle, cyst in
the ovary failure to conceive and other health problems. It is a common health problem among
teenagers and young women. It affects 5% to 10% of women in their reproductive years.

NEED AND SIGNIFIANCE OF THE STUDY

“ Every human being is the author of his own health and disease ”
-Sri Buddha

As PCOS is among most common during adolescents, there

is always a need to investigate all new relevant data. Early diagnosis and long term
management can help control of poly cystic ovarian syndrome. So that women can still live a
healthy active life and avoid long term complication such as metabolic syndrome, infertility and
cardiovascular diseases etc…

According to Indian fertility society prevalence of PCOS

ranges from 3.7% to 22.5%. Women with PCOS have experienced adverse social, physical,
emotional, and psychological, and emotional consequences and they are at risk of developing
depression, anxiety, sadness, and loneliness which had negative impact on their health.

The study performed in adolescent girls regarding PCOS

which uses a well validated instruments shows that health related quality of life was worse in
those with PCOS specially in the areas of general health perception, behavior, physical function
and family activity. How ever qualitative psychological studies have demonstrated higher levels
of depression, psychological and psychosexual morbidity and an increased response to stress in
girls with PCOS. Modification of life style in PCOS is very important because sedentary life
styles, lack of exercise and fast foods conception by the girls are leading to the rise in case of
PCOS especially among adolescent girls.

16
 Deficient knowledge and negative life style attitude towards
PCOS among girls and not taking any measures to improve their life styles which leads to
depression and psychological problems and even death (due to suicide) in many cases, So this
study aims to providing the knowledge regarding PCOS and with a view to change their life
style.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A Descriptive study to assess the knowledge on poly cystic
ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls at selected colleges in Ernakulam.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

• Assess the level of knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent
girls.

• Find out the association between knowledge and selected socio-demographic variables.

• Provide a planned teaching Programme on Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

• Knowledge: In this study knowledge refers to factual and measurable information of

adolescent girls regarding PCOS

1. Adolescent girls: In this study adolescent girls refers to the age group of 18 to 19 years.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
The conceptual framework of this study is based on Pender’s health promotion model (2002).
Health promotion is directed at increasing a client level of wellbeing. This model focuses on the
following three areas individual characteristics and experience, behavior specific knowledge
and effect and behavior outcomes.

ASSUMPTIONS
There will be varying degree on knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian syndrome

HYPOTHESIS
There will be statistically significant association between knowledge score on PCOS and
selected demographic variables.

17
 CHAPTER 𝑰𝑰
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2. Studies related to PCOS

18
 CHAPTER 𝑰𝑰

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Introduction
“A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical point of
knowledge on a particular topic of research”. Literature review is defined as broad
comprehension in depth and systematic and critical review of scholarly publications. The
literature review provides a background for understanding current knowledge on the topic and
illuminates the significance of the study. literature review is important is important to gain
better understanding and insight necessary to build the existing knowledge.

Studies related to PCOS

A Descriptive study was done to assess the

effectiveness of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Poly cystic ovarian
syndrome among school teachers at selected schools of Ghaziabad. The result shows that
knowledge score of school teachers among, 30 samples 29(96.67%) had average knowledge
and 1(3.33%) had poor knowledge in pre-test. The knowledge score of school teachers in
post-test revealed that 23(73.67%) have good knowledge, 6(20%) have intelligent
knowledge and 1(3.33%) have average knowledge 1

A Non-Experimental study was done to assess the

knowledge regarding PCOS among teenage girls in selected school at Mohali. The result
shows that majority of girls 123(61.5%) had fair knowledge and minority of girls 1(0.5%) had
excellent level of knowledge. Only 35(17.5%) girls had good level of knowledge 2

A Descriptive study was done to assess the knowledge

on poly cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls in selected college of health
science, Coimbatore. Among 60 samples 46(77%) of them had inadequate knowledge on
poly cystic ovarian syndrome,14(23%) of them had moderately adequate knowledge on poly
cystic ovarian syndrome 3

An Experimental study was done to assess the

effectiveness of self-instructional module on knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian
syndrome among engineering students. Among 50 engineering students 48(96%) of them
had inadequate knowledge, 2(4%) of them had moderately adequate knowledge and 0(0%)
had adequate knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian syndrome. 4

19
 A study conducted by the department of endocrinology
and metabolism, AIIMS, shows that about 22-25% of Indian women of childbearing age
are suffering from PCOS. While 60% of women with PCOS are obese, 35-50% have a
fatty liver. About 70% have insulin resistance have high level of androgen and 40-60%
have glucose intolerance. 5

A Cross-Sectional study was done regarding the

prevalence of PCOS among girls aged 15-21 years. The study was analyzed quantitatively
and the study showed that out of 840 girls, 217(22.5%) had irregular menstruation and
96(44%) approached for USG screening. PCO was present in 77(80.2%) girls out of these 96
girls. 6

An Experimental study was done to assess the

effectiveness of planned teaching program regarding the knowledge of Polycystic ovarian
disease among adolescent girls in Rajalakshmi college of nursing, Chennai. The result
showed that among 60 students 52(86.67%) of adolescent girls have inadequate knowledge,
8(13.33%) had moderate knowledge, and none of them had adequate knowledge of PCOS in
pre-test, whereas in post-test 7(11.67%) had moderate knowledge, 53(83.33%) had
adequate knowledge and none of them had inadequate knowledge regarding PCOS. 7

A Pre-Experimental study was done to assess the

knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent girls of colleges in Mysore. The finding of this
study was that the majority of adolescent girls (76.6%) have average knowledge and only
23.3% have good knowledge regarding PCOS. 8

A cross sectional study was done to assess the proportion

of university students with PCOS among 480 participants in Mangalore, Karnataka. The
study revealed that 39 were already diagnosed with PCOS, 40 were at high risk and 401
were at low risk for PCOS. The study concluded that PCOS is a common disorder among
young women in this setting and these warrants provide screening activities.9

A Cross-Sectional study was done to assess the

knowledge regarding the PCOS among adolescent and young girls in Mumbai. The study was
undertaken in 900 students and the result shows that prevalence of PCOS among them was
22.5%. 1

A descriptive study was done to assess the prevalence and

knowledge of PCOS among female science students of different public universities of
Quetta, Pakistan. The finding of study revealed that 374(72.5%) respondents were not

20
aware of PCOS and get knowledge through brochure. while 407(90.2%) subjects were
having adequate knowledge about PCOS after educational intervention. it was obtained in
the study that 79(17.5%) participants were suspected with PCOS AND 16(3.5%) were
diagnosed with PCOS, on the basis of signs and symptoms and 25(5.5%) were already
diagnosed with PCOS 11

A Descriptive study was done to assess the knowledge

regarding PCOS among nursing students at Nitte Usha Institute of nursing sciences, paneer,
Mangalore. Out of 150 samples, 85% of the samples were in the age group of 21-25 years,
75% of samples were Christians, 82%samples were consuming mixed diet, & 92% had
regular menstrual cycle. 76% samples were with average knowledge and 10.7% with good
knowledge regarding PCOS. Hence the study concluded, source of information, conception
of junk foods, dietary patterns of students were associated with level of knowledge on PCOS
at 5% level of significance.12

A Descriptive study was done to assess the awareness of

PCOS in adolescent and young girls. The sample was 200 girls among Medical students of
different college studying 1st 2nd and 3rd year. The study result shows that 51% if girls had
normal BMI, 19.5% overweight, 16.5% were obese, while 13% were underweight,33.5%
female had acne, 16% had irregular menstrual cycle, 5% had hirsutism while 2% had
infertility, 33% of adolescent and young girls had information about PCOS, from teachers
and 19% got information from friends.13

A Cross-sectional study was done to assess the awareness of

PCOS among females in UAE. Out of 349 participants (84.3%) were familiar with the term
PCOS however, only 21.7% of them had sufficient awareness of this syndrome. Females
who knew someone diagnosed with PCOS were 5 times more likely to be aware compared
to those who didn’t. Age, Educational level and Nationality showed no correlation with the
awareness.14

A descriptive study was done to assess the measures of

health- related quality of life in PCOS women. In total, 52 studies (9 qualitative and 43
quantitative) were included in the review. The analysis indicated that 3 specific and 5
general instruments were used to measure the quality of life in PCOS women. Of these, the
36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Health –
Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (PCOSQ) were used mostly frequently. All studies
assessed different aspects of quality of life in PCOS women and found that PCOS had
negative effects on quality of life in this population15

21
 CHAPTER 𝑰𝑰𝑰
METHODOLOGY
• Research Approach

• Research Design

• Research setting of the study

• Population

• Sample and sampling technique

• Sampling criteria

• Description of tool

• Content validity of tool

• Data collection process

• Data analysis

22
 CHAPTER 𝑰𝑰𝑰

METHODOLOGY
Research methodology include the steps, procedures, and strategies for gathering and
analyzing data. For any research work, methodology of investigations is of vital important. This
chapter deals with the research methodology used by the investigators for the present study.

Research approach

Quantitative research approach

Research design

Descriptive research design

Setting of the study

Aquinas college, Edakochi

Population

Adolescent girls between 18 to 19 years of age group who has studying in first and second year
B.COM

Sampling and sampling technique

Sample size: 60

Sampling technique: purposive sampling technique

Sampling criteria

Inclusion criteria:

Adolescent girls between the age group of 18 to 19 years.

Who were available at the time of data collection

Tool and technique

Description of the tool

The following tool was used to collect data for assessing the knowledge regarding Poly cystic
ovarian syndrome among adolescents.

23
Section-A-Socio-personal data

It consists of Age, Year of study, Family type, Food habit, Family monthly income, Locality, Age
of menarche, Regulation of menstrual cycle, Previous knowledge about PCOS, if yes, from
where.

Section-B-Questionnaire

A structured questionnaire consists of 20 multiple choice questions, to assess the knowledge

regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome. In this study total score is 20, and each question carry 1
mark. The knowledge is graded as Good, Average & Poor. The score interpretation is as follows

• Good :- >13

• Average :- 8-12

• Poor :- <8

Technique – Self-administered questionnaire

Content validity of tool

The constructed tool was given to subject experts, and gynecologist, and suggestions were
incorporated and finalized with the help of guide.

Pilot study

The pilot study was conducted among 6 adolescent girls at Sienna college of professional
studies. The samples were selected using Purposive sampling technique. Data was collected
using a structured questionnaire. The result of pilot study showed that the tool was found
satisfactory in terms of simplicity, clarity, & found feasible, to conduct the main study.

Data collection process

After obtaining permission from the authority and getting informed consent from the students,
the data collection was done on 22/09/2023. Total 60 students participated in the study. The
questionnaire was given and time given to complete the questionnaire was 30 minutes.

Plan for data analysis

The data collected from students were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics
Chi-square test is used to find out the association between knowledge and selected
socio-demographic variables.

24
 CHAPTER 𝑰𝑽
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Objectives of the study

Organization of findings

25
 CHAPTER 𝑰𝑽

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Introduction
Analysis and interpretation of data is the most important phase of research process, which
involves the computation of certain measure along with searching for pattern of relationship
that exist among data group, were collected data analyzed and interpreted in accordance with
study objects.

This chapter deals with the analysis and result of data collected from 60 adolescent girls at
Aquinas college, Edakochi. The aim of study was to assess the knowledge regarding Poly cystic
ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls.

Objectives

• Assess the level of knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent
girls.

• Find out the association between knowledge and selected socio-demographic variables.

• Provide a planned teaching Program on Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Organization of findings

The data obtained from 60 adolescent girls were organized, analyzed and presented under
following headings.

• Section-A:- Description of socio-personal variables of samples

• Section-B:- Level of knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent girls

• Section-C:-Association between knowledge and socio-personal variables.

26
 SECTION A

Description of socio-personal variables

Table 1

Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescent girls based on age.

Socio-personal variables such as Age, Class of study, and Type of family

N=60

Sl.No Variables Frequency Percentage

1 Age

18 years 46 76.66%

19 years 14 23.33%

2 Class of study

1st year 46 76.66%

2ndyear 14 23.33%

3 Type of family

Nuclear family 53 88.33%

Joint family 6 10%

Extended family 1 1.66%

Table 1 shows that the majority (76.66%) of the samples were belongs to 18 years,
and remaining 23.33% are 19 years of age group.

76.66% are samples in 1st year and 23.33% samples are in 2nd year

88.33% of samples belongs to nuclear family, 10 % belongs to joint family and

remaining of 1.66% belongs to extended family.

27
Table 2

Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescent girls based on

Socio-personal variables such as Food habits, Family income, Housing.

N=60

Sl. No Variable Frequency Percentage

4 Food habits

Non-vegetarian 53 83.33%

Vegetarian 7 11.66%

5 Family income

<5000 19 31.66%

5001-10000 19 31.66%

>10001 22 36.66%

6 Housing

Panchayath 22 36.66%

Muncipality 0 0%

Corporation 38 63.33%

83.33% of samples are Non-Vegetarian and 11.66% of samples are Vegetarian.

31.66% of samples have family Inome of Rs.<5000 per month, 31.66% of sample have
Rs.5001-10000, and remaining 36.66% have Rs.>10001.

36.66%of sample were lives on Panchayath, 0% of samples in Municipality and

remaining 63.33% in Corporation.

Table 3

28
Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescent girls based on
Socio-personal variables such as Age of menarche, Periodicity of menstruation,
Medically diagnosed with PCOD
N=60

Sl.No Variable Frequency Percentage

7 Age of menarche

<10 year 0 0%

10-12 year 12 20%

12-14 year 45 75%

>14 years 3 5%

8 Periodicity of menstruation

Regular

Irregular 48 80%

Medically diagnosed with PCOS 12 20%

9 Yes

No 3 5%

57 95%

Age of first menstruation 0% of samples on <10 years, 20% in between 10-12 years, 75%
12-14 years, and 5% >14 years.

Periodicity of menstruation 80% samples regular and 20% were irregular.

5% of samples are on medically diagnosed with PCOS, and remaining 95% are not
diagnosed with PCOS.

29
 Table 4

Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescent girls based on

Socio-personal variables such as Any other illness, Have heard about
PCOS, source of information.
N=60

Sl.No Variable Frequency Percentage

10 Any other illness

Yes 3 5%

No 57 95%

Have heard about PCOS

yes 9 15%

11 No 51 85%

Source of information

Television 0 0%

Internet 7 77.77%

12 News paper 0 0%

Teachers 2 22.22%

5% of samples have other illness and remaining 95% have no other illness

15% of samples having previous knowledge regarding PCOS and remaining 85% do not
have any knowledge regarding PCOS.

77.77% of samples gain informations from internet, 22.22% were gain informations
from teachers.

30
 SECTION B
Level of knowledge regarding PCOS in adolescent girls

Figure 1: Pie diagram showing percentage distribution of adolescent girls based on their
level of knowledge regarding PCOS.

knowledge of adolescent girls

46.66%

53.33%

POOR AVERAGE GOOD

The above figure depicts 46.66% have poor knowledge, 53.33% have average
knowledge and remaining 0% have good knowledge regarding PCOS.

31
 SECTION C
Association between selected socio- personal variables and the level of knowledge of
adolescent girls about Poly cystic ovarian syndrome.

Table 5: Association between level of knowledge and age of adolescent

girls
(N=60)

Age Level of knowledge Total X2 Value

Poor Average Good

18 23 23 0 46 0.88

19 5 9 0 14

28 32 0

Table 5 shows that chi square value [df=1] is 0.88 which is less than the critical value 3.84 at 5%
level of significance, hence there is no association between age and knowledge.

32
Table 6.

Association between level of knowledge and year of study.

(N=60)

Year of study Level of knowledge Total X2 Value

Poor Average Good

1st year 24 22 0 46 2.39

2nd year 4 10 0 14

28 32 0

Table 6 shows that chi square value [df=1] is 2.39 which is less than the critical value 3.84.
Hence there is no association between the level of knowledge and year of study.

33
 CHAPTER 𝑽
RESULTS
Objectives of the study

Results

34
 CHAPTER 𝑽

RESULTS
The present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent
girls at selected colleges, Ernakulam.

The data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and
inferential statistics.

Objectives of the study

• To Assess the level of knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian syndrome among
adolescent girls.

• To Find out the association between knowledge and selected socio-demographic

variables.

• To Provide a planned teaching Program on Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome.

Major findings of the study

Section A : Socio-personal Variables

1. Majority (76.66%) of adolescent girls belongs to the age group of 18 years and 23.33%
belongs to 19 years

2. Majority (76.66%) belongs to 1st year and 23.33% belongs to 2nd year.

3. Majority (88.33%) of samples belongs to nuclear family, 10 % belongs to joint family and
remaining of 1.66% belongs to extended family.

4. Majority (83.33%) of samples are Non-Vegetarian and 11.66% of samples are Vegetarian.

5. Majority (36.66%) of samples have family inome of Rs.>10001 per month, 31.66% of sample
have Rs.5001-10000, and remaining 31.66% have Rs.<5000.

6. Majority (63.66%) of sample were lives on Corporation, 0% of samples in Municipality and

remaining 36.33% in Panchayath.

35
7. Majority (75%) of Age of first menstruation in between 12-14 years, 0% of samples on <10
years, 20% in between 10-12 years, and 5% >14 years.

8. Majority (80%) samples regular and 20% were irregular menstruation.

9. Majority (95%) of samples are not diagnosed with PCOS, 5% of samples are medically
diagnosed with PCOS.

10. Majority (95%) of samples have no other illness and 5% of samples have other illness.

11. 15% of samples having previous knowledge regarding PCOS and remaining 85% do not have
any knowledge regarding PCOS.

12. 77.77% of samples gain informations from internet, 22.22% were gain informations from
teachers.

Section B : Knowledge level

13. The majority (53.33%) have average knowledge, 46.66% have poor knowledge, and
remaining 0% have good knowledge regarding PCOS.

Section C : Association between Socio-personal Variables and Level of knowledge.

14. The chi square value [df=1] is 0.88 which is less than the critical value 3.84 at 5% level of
significance, hence there is no association between age and knowledge.

15. The chi square value [df=1] is 2.39 which is less than the critical value 3.84. Hence there is
no association between the level of knowledge and year of study.

36
 CHAPTER 𝑽𝑰
DISCUSSION, SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
DISCUSSION

SUMMARY

CONCLUSION

NURSING IMPLICATIONS

LIMITATIONS

RECOMMENDATION

37
 CHAPTER 𝑽𝑰𝑰

DISCUSSION, SUMMARY, AND CONCLUSION

This chapter deals with discussion, summary, conclusion drawn from the study, implications for
nursing, recommendations for future research studies.

Discussion

The findings of the present study are compared to the findings of other studies which
the investigators have reviewed.

The present study revealed that 53.33% adolescent had average knowledge and 46.66%
had poor knowledge regarding PCOS. The present study compared with descriptive study done
in selected colleges of health science, Coimbatore, to assess the knowledge of PCOS among
adolescent girls. The study reveals that among 60 samples, 77% them had inadequate
knowledge and 23% them had moderately adequate knowledge on PCOS.

Summary

The present study is a descriptive study. The study is conducted among adolescent girls
in the age group of 18-19 years at selected colleges in Ernakulam, to assess the knowledge
regarding Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome.

The objectives of the study are:

• To assess the level of knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian syndrome among
adolescent girls.

• To find out the association between knowledge and selected socio-demographic

variables.

• To provide a planned teaching Programme on Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome.

The pilot study was done on 21/08/2023. The setting of the pilot study was at Sienna
college, Edakochi. Data were collected from 6 samples using structured questionnaire. The
demographic variables were Age, Year of study, Family type, Food habit, Family monthly
income, Locality, Age of menarche, Menstrual regularity, Source of information, etc….

The data collection for the main study was done on 22/08/2023. The main study
was conducted in Aquinas college Edakochi, and included 60 samples who met the eligibility
criteria.

38
The study participants were informed in detail about the study and they were assured
confidentiality regarding their information provided during and after the study.

The researcher developed the tool and was sent to 4 experts for content validity. The
suggestions were incorporated and tool was modified.

The researcher conducted the study in which majority of adolescent girls (53.33%) had average
knowledge and 46.66% had poor knowledge regarding PCOS.

Conclusion

The study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding PCOS among adolescent girls. This study
was very much effective among adolescent girls in the age group of 18-19 years. The study
concluded that 53.33% of adolescent girls had average knowledge regarding PCOS and 46.66%
of adolescent girls had poor knowledge regarding PCOS.

Nursing implication

The study has various implications in Nursing education, Nursing practice, Nursing
administration and Nursing research.

Nursing education

Nursing students can utilize the study findings for educating students regarding Poly Cystic
Ovarian Syndrome.

Nursing administration

The nurse administrator can conduct Inservice training Program and continuing education
program in community setting to develop public awareness regarding early detection and
prevention of PCOS

Nursing research

The study findings can be utilized by emerging researchers. The nursing college should
encourage disseminating the research findings through conference, professional journals,
journal club and world wide web. It will make application of research findings effectively in
practices.

39
Limitations

Limited number of samples were selected for this study, So generalization of the findings
cannot be done.

• Population is limited to adolescent girls.

• No post test done, so knowledge cannot be reassessed after structured teaching

method.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study the following recommendations have been made further
study.

• Similar study can be replicated on large samples.

• A similar study can be conducted to compare the knowledge of adolescent girls and
adult girls.

40
 REFERENCE
1. Mrs.Savitha Vashist, Mrs.Lavanya Nandhan, Mrs.Jony Sharma, International Journal of
Nursing Education and Research Volume VIII, Ghaziabad 2020

2. Mrs.Kushboo, Mrs.Tharundeep, international Journal of Nursing education and research,

Volume IV, Mohali 2016.

3. Haseena Beegam, Sheeba, Journal of Nurse Midwifery and Mental Health Coimbatore 2019.
Page no:111-114

4. Bhuvaneswari G, International Journal of Novel Research in Heath care and Nursing, Volume
II, 2015 Page no:66-69

www.noveltyjournals.com

5. Department of endocrinology and metabolism, AIIMS,

6. Mr.Mahesh Gupta, Mrs.Veena and Mrs.Angalinpriya, International Journal of Community

Medicine & Public Heath, Bhopal, 2017

7. Dr. Mrs. Anitha Rajendra babu and Mrs. Mini Abraham, International Journal of Advances in
Nursing Management, Chennai, 2017. Page no:143-145

www.anvpublication.org

8. Professor. Sheela Williams, Mrs. Lissa J, and Mrs. Saraswathy K.N, Asian Journal of Nursing
Education, Volume VII, Mysore Karnataka, 2017

9. Nithin Joseph, Adithya G R Reddy, Divya Joy, & Visakha Patel, Journal of Natural Science
Biology & Medicine, 2016

www.jnsbm.org

10. Professor. Beena Joshy, Srabani Mukhargi, Anusree Patal, Sanjay Chauhan, Ameya
Purandare, Rama Vaidya, Indian Journal of Endocrinol Metabolism, Mumbai, 2014

11. Noman Haq, Zarmina khan, sohail Riaz, Aqeel Nasim, Imperial journel of Interdisciplinary
Research, volume 3, 2017, Page no:385-392

12. Sunanda B, Sabitha Nayik, Nitte University Journal of Health Science, 2016, Page no: 24-26

13. Mrs. Jayasree J, Mr. Updhaye, Mrs. Chaithanya M Shembeker, International Journal of
Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology Volume 6 2017 www.ijrcog.org

41
14. Balkis zaitoun, Abdullah al kubaisi, Noora al Qata, 2020 BMC Women Health 23, Article
no-181

15. Zahra Behboodi Moghadam, Bita Fereidooni, Mohseen Saffari, Ali Montazen; International
journal of women health, 2018.

16. Hiranlal konar,DC Dutta’s text book of gynecology,kolkkata,New central book agency(p)
Ltd.2004,7 th edition, Page no:378-382

42
PERMISSION FOR PILOT STUDY

43
PERMISSION LETTER FOR MAIN STUDY

44
 LIST OF CONTENT VALIDATION EXPERTS

1. Dr. Lejitha
Gynaecologist
Govt. thaluk hospital
Palluruthy

2. Mrs. Magi Xavier

Principal
SI-MET College of Nursing
Palluruthy

3. Mrs. Jimmymol Jose

Senior lecturer
SI-MET College of Nursing
Palluruthy

4. Mrs. Jasline P George

Senior lecturer
SI-MET College of Nursing
Palluruthy

5. Mrs. Kabani s
Senior lecturer
SI-MET College of Nursing
Palluruthy

45
 INFORMED CONSENT
We hereby declared that we are willing to participate in the study “To assess the knowledge
regarding Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome among adolescent girls” conducted by IInd year Post
Basic BSc Nursing, SI-MET College of Nursing, Palluruthy, and we agree to answer the
questionnaire truthfully. The investigators had informed that I can quit the study at any point of
time and also assured that all my data will be kept confidential.

Name and Signature of Candidate

Signature of Investigator

46
 TOOL
A Structured Questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding poly cystic ovarian
syndrome(English)

INSTRUCTIONS
1. Read the questions carefully and tick the correct answer

Record the marks

2. Answer all questions

3. Each correct answer will carry one mark

4.No negative marks

Section A

Personal information

1. Age

1.a 18 years 1.b 19 years

2. Academic year

2.a. First year 2.b Second year

3. Type of family

3.a.Nuclear family

3.b.Joint family

3.c.Extended family

4. Eating habits

4.a.Vegetarian 4.b.Vegetarian

5. Monthly income of the family

5.a.<5000

5.b.5001-10000 5.c.>10001

47
6. Settlement

6.a.Panchayat

6.b.Municipality

6.c.Corporation

7.Age of first menstruation

7.a.<10 years

7.b.10-12 years

7.c.12-14 years

7.d.>14 years

8. Menstrual pattern

8.a.Regular 8.b.Random

9. Medically diagnosed with PCOS

9.a.Yes 9.b.No

10. Any other illness

10.aYes 10.b.No

If yes please specify

11. Have you heard of PCOS before?

11.a. There are 11.b. No

12. Source of information if heard

12.a. Television 12.b.Internet

12.c.Newspaper 12.d.Teachers

48
Section 2

A structured questionnaire to assess knowledge in PCOS

1. How many ovaries do women have?

a) 4 b) 1

c) 2 d) 3

2. What is the normal interval between two periods?

a) 10-14 days b) 45-50 days

c) 21-35 days d) 20-30 days

3. What is PCOS?

a) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

b) Polychromosomal organic syndrome

c) Polycystic ovarian syndrome

d) Polycystic ovary syndrome

4. How does PCOS occur?

a) Ovary not fully developed

b) Fluid-filled ovarian tumors

c) Accumulation of fat in ovaries

d) Obstruction in fallopian tube

5. In what age group is PCOS most common?

a) Adolescents b) Women of reproductive age

c) Pregnant women d) All of the above

6. Which of the following is most likely to cause PCOS?

a) Obesity b) Family inheritance

c) Diabetes d) a & b

49
7. Which of the following may be a complication of PCOS due to increased estrogen levels?

a) Metabolic syndrome

b) Endometrial cancer

c) Excessive facial hair growth

d) Cervical cancer

8. Which is the most common symptom of PCOS?

a) First menstrual interval more than 90 days

b) Menstrual interval less than 21 days, or more than 45 days

c) Absence of menses after 15 years of age

d) All of the above

9. What is the cause of thickened dark skin in PCOS??

a) Increased serum estrogen levels

b) Increased serum progesterone levels

c) Insulin resistance d) Obesity

10. What are the main symptoms of PCOS?

a) Weight loss, headache, increased hCG level

b) Persistent acne, increased insulin levels,Increased facial hair

c) Increased prolactin levels, profuse sweating, dizziness

d) All of the above

11. What is the main diagnostic method for PCOS?

a) K u b x ray

b) Ultra sonography

c) Magnetic resonance imaging

d) Computed tomography

50
12. Which of the following is NOT associated with a diagnosis of PCOS?

a) Insulin-increasing state

b) Increased body mass index

c) Menstruation earlier than normal

d) Regular menses after first menses

13. Which blood test is used to diagnose PCOS?

a) C B C

b) Serum testosterone level

c) Serum prolactin level

d) HCG

14. What is the most common complication of PCOS?

a) The uterus is expelled

b) Infertility

c) Hydatidiform mole

d) Cervical cancer

15. What are the foods to avoid in PCOS?

a) Fatty and fast foods, sweet drinks, fried foods

b) Pulses c) Fruits and green leafy vegetables

d) All of the above

16. Which of the following is the first-line treatment for PCOS?

a) Lifestyle control

b) Medicine

c) Surgery

d) Dietary restriction

51
17. Which drug is given to treat PCOS?

a) Metformin

b) Clonidine

c) Clomiphene Citrate

d) All of the above

18. What are the lifestyle options for PCOS?

a) Reduce weight

b) Exercise

c) Food arrangement

d) All of the above

19. What is the minimum time required for exercise in PCOS?

a) 30 minutes

b) 1 hour

c) 15 minutes

d) 2 hours

20. What is the surgical approach for PCOS?

a) Partial ovariectomy b) Laparoscopic ovarian drilling

c) Removal of fallopian tube and ovary

d) Partial ovariectomy

52
ച ോദ്യോവലി
നിർചേശങ്ങൾ
1.ച ോദ്യങ്ങൾ ശ്രദ്ധോപൂർവം വോയിച്ചു ശരരി ഉത്തരത്തിനു ടിക്ക്

 മോർക്ക് ചരഖശെടുത്തുക

2. എല്ലോ ച ോദ്യങ്ങൾക്കും ഉത്തരം നൽകുക

3. ശരരിയോയ ഓചരോ ഉത്തരത്തിനും ഒരു മോർക്ക് വീതം ഉണ്ടോയിരിക്കുന്നതോണ്

4.നയൂനമോർക്ക് ഇല്ല

വിഭോഗം എ

വയക്തിഗത വിവരങ്ങൾ

1.ശ്പോയം

1.a 18 വയസ്  1.b 19 വയസ് 

2.പോഠ്യവര്ഷം

2.a . ആദ്യവർഷം  2.b രണ്ടോം വർഷം 

3. കുടുംബത്തിന്ശെ തരം

3.a.അണുകുടുംബം 
3.b.കൂട്ടുകുടുംബം 
3.c.വിസ്തൃതമോയ കുടുംബം 
4. ഭക്ഷണോ രീല്ം

4.a.സസയോഹോരം  4.b.മോംസോഹോരം 

5. കുടുംബത്തിന്ശെ ശ്പതിമോസ വരുമോനം

5.a.<5000 
5.b.5001-10000 
5.c.>10001 

53
6. ജനവോസ ചകശ്രം

6.a.പഞ്ചോയത്ത് 
6.b.മുൻസിെോല്ിറ്റി 
6.c.ചകോർപചെഷൻ 
7.ആദ്യ ആർത്തവം കകവരിച്ച ശ്പോയം

7.a.<10 വയസ് 
7.b.10-12 വയസ് 
7.c.12-14 വയസ് 
7.d.>14 വയസ് 
8. ആർത്തവ മോതൃക

8.a.ശ്കമമോയത്  8.b.ശ്കമരഹിതമോയ 

9. കവദ്യരോസ്ശ്തപരമോയി പിസിഒഎസ് ചരോഗനിർണയം നടത്തിയത്

9.a.അശത  9.b.അല്ല 

10. മശറ്റശെങ്കില്ും അസുഖം

10.aഉണ്ട്  10.b.ഇല്ല 

ഉശണ്ടങ്കിൽ വയക്തമോക്കുക

11. പിസിഒഎസ് -ശന കുെിച്ച് നിങ്ങൾ മുമ്പ് ചകട്ടിട്ടുചണ്ടോ

11.a. ഉണ്ട്  11.b. ഇല്ല 

12. ചകട്ടിട്ടുണ്ട് എങ്കിൽ വിവരങ്ങളുശട ഉെവിടം

12.a. ശടല്ിവിഷൻ  12.b.ഇന്െർശനറ്റ് 

12.c.നയൂസ്ചപെർ  12.d.അധ്യോപകർ 

54
വിഭോഗം 2

പി സി ഒ എസി-ലല അറിവ് വിലയിരുത്തുന്നതിനുള്ള ഘടനോപരമോയ

ച ോദ്യോവലി

1. സ്ശ്തീകൾക്ക് എശ്ത അണ്ഡോരയങ്ങളുണ്ട്?

a) 4 
b) 1 
c) 2 
d) 3 
2. രണ്ട് ആർത്തവങ്ങൾക്കിടയില്ുള്ള സോധ്ോരണ ഇടചവള എശ്തയോണ്?

a) 10-14 ദ്ിവസം 
b) 45-50 ദ്ിവസം 
c) 21-35 ദ്ിവസം 
d) 20-30 ദ്ിവസം 
3. എെോണ് പി സി ഒ എസ്?

a) ചപോളി സിസ്റ്റിക് ഓവുല്ോർ സിൻചശ്്ോം 

b) ചപോളി ചശ്കോചമോചസോമൽ ഓർഗോനിക് സിൻചശ്്ോം 
c) ചപോളി സിസ്റ്റിക് ഒചവെിയൻ സിൻചശ്്ോം 
d) ചപോളി സിസ്റ്റിക് ഓവം സിൻചശ്്ോം 
4. എങ്ങശന ആണ് പി സി ഒ എസ് ഉണ്ടോകുന്നത് ?

a) പൂർണ വളർച്ച ആകോത്ത അണ്ഡോരയം 

b) ശ്ദ്ോവകം നിെഞ്ഞ അണ്ഡോരയ മുഴകൾ 
c) അണ്ഡോരയത്തിൽ ശകോഴുെ് അടിഞ്ഞു കൂടുന്നു 
d) അണ്ഡവോഹിനിക്കുഴല്ിശല് തടസ്സം 

55
5. ഏത് ശ്പോയക്കോരിൽ ആണ് പി സി ഒ എസ് - കൂടുതല്ോയി കോണശെടുന്നത്?

a) കൗമോര ശ്പോയക്കോർ 
b) ശ്പതയുൽപോദ്ന ശ്പോയത്തില്ുള്ള സ്ശ്തീകൾ 
c) ഗർഭിണികൾ 
d) മുകളിൽ പെഞ്ഞ എല്ലോം 
6. തോശഴപെയുന്നവയിൽ പി സി ഒ എസ് - ഉണ്ടോകോൻ കൂടുതൽ സോധ്യത
ഉള്ളത് ഏതോണ്?

a) അമിതവണ്ണം 
b) കുടുംബ പോരമ്പരയം 
c) ശ്പചമഹം 
d) a & b 
7. തോശഴപെയുന്നവയിൽ ഈസ്ശ്ടജന്ശെ അളവ് കൂടുന്നതുമൂല്ം പി സി
ഒ എസ് -ൽ ഉണ്ടോചയക്കോവുന്ന സങ്കീർണത ഏതോണ് ?

a) ശമറ്റചബോളിക് സിൻചശ്്ോം 
b) എൻച്ോശമശ്ടിയൽ കോൻസർ 
c) മുഖശത്ത അമിതമോയ ചരോമ വളർച്ച 
d) ഗർഭോരയ മുഖ അർബുദ്ം 
8. ഏതോണ് പി സി ഒ എസ്- ൽ ഏറ്റവും കൂടുതൽ കോണശെടുന്ന ചരോഗ
ല്ക്ഷണം ഏതോണ്?

a) ആദ്യ ആർത്തവ ഇടചവള 90 ദ്ിവസത്തിൽ കൂടുതൽ 

b) ആർത്തവ ഇടചവള 21 ദ്ിവസചത്തക്കോൾ കുെയുന്നു, അശല്ലങ്കിൽ 45
ദ്ിവസചത്തക്കോൾ കൂടുന്നു 
c) 15 വയസു തികഞ്ഞിട്ടും ആർത്തവം ഇല്ലോത്ത അവസ്ഥ 
d) മുകളിൽ പെഞ്ഞ എല്ലോം 

56
9. പിസിഒഎസി-ൽ ർമ്മത്തി ശല് കട്ടികൂടിയ ഇരുണ്ട നിെത്തിന്ശെ കോരണം
എെോണ്??

a) വർദ്ധിച്ച ശസെം ഈസ്ശ്ടജൻ അളവ് 

b) വർദ്ധിച്ച ശസെം ശശ്പോജസ്ചശ്ടോണിന്ശെ അളവ് 
c) ഇൻസുല്ിൻ ശ്പതിചരോധ്ം 
d) അമിതവണ്ണം 
10. പിസിഒഎസി-ന്ശെ ശ്പധ്ോന ചരോഗല്ക്ഷണങ്ങൾ എശെല്ലോം?

a) ഭോരം കുെയൽ, തല്ചവദ്ന, എച്ച്സിജി ശല്വൽ വർദ്ധിക്കുക 

b) സ്ഥിരമോയ മുഖക്കുരു, ഇൻസുല്ിന്ശെ അളവ് കൂടുന്നു,

മുഖശത്ത ചരോമങ്ങൾ വർദ്ധിക്കുന്നു 

c) ചശ്പോല്ക്റ്റിന്ശെ അളവ് വർദ്ധിക്കുന്നു, അമിതമോയ വിയർെ്,
തല്കെക്കം 
d) മുകളിൽ പെഞ്ഞ എല്ലോം 
11.പി സി ഒ എസ് -നുള്ള ശ്പധ്ോന ചരോഗ നിർണയ മോർഗം ഏതോണ് ?

a) ശക യൂ ബി എക്സ് ചെ 
b) അൾശ്ടോ ചസോചണോശ്ഗോഫി 
c) മോശെറ്റിക് ശെശസോണൻസ് ഇചമജിങ് 
d) കംപയൂട്ടഡ് ചടോചമോശ്ഗഫി 
12. തോശഴെെയുന്നവയിൽ പിസിഒഎസി- ൻശെ ചരോഗനിർണ്ണയമോയി
ബന്ധമില്ലോത്തത് ഏതോണ്?

a) ഇൻസുല്ിൻ കൂടുന്ന അവസ്ഥ 

b) വർദ്ധിച്ച ചബോ്ി മോസ് ഇൻ്ക്സ് 
c) സോധ്ോരണയില്ും ചനരശത്തയുള്ള ഋതുവോകൽ 
d) ആദ്യ ആർത്തവത്തിന് ചരഷം ശ്കമമോയ ആർത്തവം 

57
13. പിസിഒഎസ് ചരോഗനിർണ്ണയത്തിനോയി ഏത് രക്ത പരിചരോധ്നയോണ്
നടത്തുന്നത്?

a) സി ബി സി 
b) ശസെം ശടചസ്റ്റോസ്റ്റീചെോൺ അളവ് 
c) ശസെം ശശ്പോല്ോക്ടിൻ അളവ് 
d) എച് സി ജി 
14. പിസിഒഎസിന്ശെ ഏറ്റവും കൂടുതല്ോയി കോണശെടുന്ന സങ്കീർണത
ഏതോണ്?

a) ഗർഭോരയം പുെെള്ളശെടുന്നു 
b) വന്ധയത 
c) കഹ്ോറ്റി്ിചഫോം ചമോൾ 
d) ഗർഭോരയമുഖ അർബുദ്ം 
15. പിസിഒഎസിൽ ഒഴിവോചക്കണ്ട ഭക്ഷണങ്ങൾ ഏശതോശക്കയോണ്?

a) ശകോഴുെുള്ളതും ഫോസ്റ്റ് ഫു്ുകളും, മധ്ുരമുള്ള പോനീയങ്ങൾ, വെുത്ത

ഭക്ഷണങ്ങൾ 
b) പയെുവര്ഗങ്ങൾ 
c) പഴങ്ങളും പച്ച ഇല്ക്കെികളും 
d) മുകളിൽ പെഞ്ഞവശയല്ലോം 
16. ഇനിെെയുന്നവയിൽ ഏതോണ് പി സി ഒ എസ് -ന്ശെ ആദ്യ ഘട്ട ികിത്സ
ഏതോണ്?

a) ജീവിത കരല്ി നിയശ്െണം 

b) മരുന്ന് 
c) രസ്ശ്തശ്കിയ 
d) ഭക്ഷണശ്കമ നിയശ്െണം 

58
17. പി സി ഒ എസിന്ശെ ികിത്സക്കോയി നൽകുന്ന മരുന്ന് ഏതോണ്?

a) ശമറ്റ്ചഫോർമിൻ 
b) ചലോണി്ിൻ 
c) ചലോമികഫൻ സിചശ്ടറ്റ് 
d) മുകളിൽ പെഞ്ഞവശയല്ലോം 
18. പി സി ഒ എസ്-നുള്ള ജീവിതകരല്ി മോർഗങ്ങൾ ഏശതല്ലോം?

a) ഭോരം കുെയ്ക്ക്കുക 
b) വയോയോമം 
c) ഭക്ഷണ ശ്കമീകരണം 
d) മുകളിൽ പെഞ്ഞവശയല്ലോം 
19.പി സി ഒ എസി-ൽ വയോയോമത്തിനു ആവരയമോയ ഏറ്റവും കുെഞ്ഞ
സമയം എശ്തയോണ് ?

a) 30 മിനുട്ട് 
b) 1 മണിക്കൂർ 
c) 15 മിനുട്ട് 
d) 2 മണിക്കൂർ 
20. പി സി ഒ എസി-ന്ശെ രസ്ശ്തശ്കിയോ മോർഗം ഏതോണ് ?

a) ഭോഗികമോയ അണ്ഡോരയ നീക്കം 

b) ല്ോചശ്പോസ്ചകോെിക് അണ്ഡോരയ ശ്്ില്ലിങ് 
c) അണ്ഡവോഹിനിക്കുഴല്ിൻശ െയും അണ്ഡോരയത്തിൻശ െയും നീക്കം

d) ഒരുഭോഗശത്ത അണ്ഡോരയ നീക്കം 

59
 ANSWER KEY

1. c
2. c
3. c
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. b
8. d
9. c
10. b
11. b
12. d
13. b
14. b
15. a
16. a
17. a
18. d
19. a
20. b
Total score =20
Good knowledge = >13
Average knowledge =8-12
Poor knowledge =<8

60
POLY CYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME ക്ലിനിക്കൽ സവിലേഷത്കളുോം ഉള്ള • െുഖതുോം േരീരതുോം ലരോെങ്ങൾ
പ്രത്യുത്രോദന പ്രോയതിൽ ഉള്ള വർധിക്കുക
ആമുഖം സ്തപ്ത്ീകളിൽ ഏെവുോം സോധോരണെോയ • എണ്ണെയെുള്ള ചർെവുോം ത്ോരനുോം
ലഹോർലെോൺ ത്കരോറോണ് ലരോളി • അെിത്െോയ വിയർപ്പ്
ല ോകമെമ്പോടുെുള്ള പ്രത്യുത്രോദന
സിസ്റ്റിക് ഒലവറിയൻ സിൻലപ് ോോം .
ലേഷിയുള്ള സ്തപ്ത്ീകളിൽ കൂടുത് ോയി പരോഗനിര്ണയമോർഗങ്ങൾ
കണ്ടുവരുന്ന എൻല ോക്പ്കൻ കോരണങ്ങൾ
• േോരീരിക രരിലേോധന
രോലതോളജി ആണ് ലരോളി സിസ്റ്റിക്
ജനിത്ക കോരണങ്ങൾ • അൾപ്ടോസൗണ്ട് സ്തകോനിങ്
ഒലവറിയൻ സിൻലപ് ോോം. 1935 ൽ
• രക്തതിമ ഷുഗറിന്മറ അളവ്
ആണ് ക്സ്റ്റയ്‌നുോം മ വന്തോ ുോം ഇത് • ജീനുകളുമട ക്വക യോം
>25 Miu/ml
ആദയോം വിവരിച്ചത്. േോരീരികവുോം • പ്രലെഹതിന്മറയുോം
• രക്ത രരിലേോധന :
രക്തോദിസമ്മർദ്ദതിന്മറയുോം
െോനസികവുെോയ വയവസ്ഥിക്ക് മടലസ്റ്റോസ്റ്റിലറോൺ അളവ് - >150
കുടുോംബ രോരമ്പരയോം
ഉണ്ടോകുന്ന വയത്ിയോനോം nm/dl
• ജീവിത് ക്േ ിയുോം ഭക്ഷണ • ലഹോർലെോണുകളുമട രഠനോം
ഇതരതി ുള്ള
പ്കെവുോം ോലപ്രോസ്തലകോപ്പി
ലരോഗവയോരനതിൻമെ ലത്ോത് • അെിത്വണ്ണോം
ഉയർതോൻ കോരണെോകുന്നു • കുറഞ്ഞ വയോയോെോം ചികിത്സ മോർഗങ്ങൾ
.കൗെോരതിൽ രി സി ഒഎസിന്മറ • ഫോസ്റ്റ് ഫുഡ്
ഓലരോ വയക്തിയുലടയുോം ക്ഷണോം
ആദയകോ ലരോഗ നിർണയവുോം • സമ്മർദ്ദോം
അനുസരിച്ചോണ് ചികിത്സ
ചികിത്സയുോം രിന്നീടുണ്ടോലയക്കോവുന്ന
സങ്കീർണത്കൾ ത്ടയോൻ
ലക്ഷണങ്ങൾ • അെിത്വണ്ണ നിയപ്ന്തണോം
സഹോയിക്കുന്നു ആർതവ പ്കെലക്കട് ( രക്തപ്സോവോം ആഹോര പ്കെീകരണോം
വര്ത്ധിക്കുകലയോ കുറയുകലയോ
മചയ്യുക ) ഭക്ഷണതിൽ ഉൾമപ്പടുലതണ്ടവ:

പ ോളി സിസ്റ്റിക് ഒപേറിയൻ • ധോനയങ്ങൾ

• അെിത്വണ്ണോം
സിൻപ ്ോം • െുടിമകോഴിച്ചിൽ • രയറ് വർഗങ്ങൾ
• െുഖക്കുരു • രഴങ്ങൾ
( ി സി ഒ എസ്) • രച്ചക്കറികൾ
• കഴുതിന് ചുെുോം കറുപ്പ് ക ർന്ന
നിറ വിത്യോസോം, ത്ുടയുമട അകോം, • ഇ ക്കറികൾ
അണ്ഡോേയതിൽ ഒന്നിൽ അധികോം
കക്ഷോം, എന്നിവ െെു • നോരുകൾ അടങ്ങിയ ഭക്ഷണങ്ങൾ
സിസ്റ്റുകളുോം, അെിത്വണ്ണോം,
ആര്ത്തവപ്കെലക്കട് , വന്ധ്യത് , ത്ുടങ്ങിയ ചർെെടക്കുകൾ.

61
ഭക്ഷണതിൽ നിന്നുോം ഒഴിവോലക്കണ്ടവ: ശസ് ര കിയ ഉ സംഹോരം
• ഫോസ്റ്റ് ഫു ുകൾ ോലപ്രോസ്തലകോപ്പിക് േസ്തപ്ത്പ്കിയ രിസിഒഎസ്ത പ്രത്യുൽപ്പോദന
• െധുര രോനീയങ്ങളുോം ,എനർജി പ്രോയതി ുള്ള സ്തപ്ത്ീകൾ ക്കിടയിൽ
പ് ിങ്കുകളുോം അണ്ഡോേയതി ുണ്ടോകുന്ന െുഴകമള
കൂടുത്ൽ വയോരകെോയ ഒരു
• ഉയർന്ന അളവിൽ ഉപ്പ് നീക്കോം മചയ്യുന്നു
ലരോഗെോയിെോറുകയോണ്.ആയത്ിനോൽ
,രഞ്ചസോര ലചർന്ന ഭക്ഷണങ്ങൾ ത്മന്ന രി സി ഒ എസ്ത ഉമണ്ടന്ന്
• ലരസ്റ്ററികൾ ,ക്വെ് മപ്ബഡ്
സങ്കീർണരകൾ
സോംേയിക്കുന്നലത്ോ ലരോഗനിർണയോം
• എണ്ണയിൽ വറുത ഭക്ഷണങ്ങൾ നടതിയലത്ോ ആയ സ്തപ്ത്ീകൾ ഉടനടി
• ഗര്ത്ഭോേയതില ോ
• മകോഴുപ്പടങ്ങിയ രദോർത്ഥങ്ങൾ ,സ്തത്നതില ോ,അണ്ഡോേയതിമ ക്വദയസഹോയോം ലനടണോം
• ദിവലസനയുള്ള വയോയോെോം ലയോ അർബുദോം
േീ െോക്കുക
• ദഹനവയവസ്ഥയിൽ ഉണ്ടോകുന്ന
ലഹോർലെോൺ ചികിത്സ സങ്കീർണത്കൾ
• വന്ധ്യത്
ഈസ്തലപ്ടോജൻ മപ്രോജസ്റ്റീലറോൺ
• ഹൃദ്‌ലരോഗോം
ലകോമ്പിലനഷൻ മത്റോപ്പി യോണ് രി സി
• എൻല ോമെപ്ടിയൽ കയോൻസർ
ഒ എസിന്മറ അെിത് ലരോെ വളർച്ച
• പ്രലെഹോം
,െുഖക്കുരു എന്നിവയ്‌ക്കുള്ള പ്രധോന
ചികിത്സ. നിയ രണ മോർഗങ്ങൾ
േരീരഭോരോം നിയപ്ന്തിക്കുക

വയോയോെങ്ങൾേീ െോക്കുക

ഫോസ്റ്റ് ഫു ുകളുോം മകോഴുപ്പ് അടങ്ങിയ

ഭക്ഷയ രദോർത്ഥങ്ങളുോം ഒഴിവോക്കുക

രുകവ ി ഒഴിവോക്കുക
ലരോഷകോഹോരങ്ങൾ േീ െോക്കുക

62